CN1871445A - Fixed balljoint with turned track cross-sections - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a homocinetic joint in the form of a fixed joint with the following features: a joint outer section (12), with a longitudinal axis and a connection side and an opening side, axially opposed to each other and the outer ball track (221, 222); a joint inner section (13), with a longitudinal axis and connection means for a shaft, facing the opening side of the joint outer section (12) and the inner ball track (231, 232); the outer ball tracks and the inner ball tracks form track pairs (221, 231; 222, 232) together; the track pairs each house a torque-transmitting ball (141, 142); each two adjacent track pairs have outer ball tracks (221, 222), the midlines of which lie on planes (E1, E2), essentially parallel to each other and inner ball tracks (231, 232), the midlines of which lie on planes (E1', E2'), essentially parallel to each other; an annular ball cage (16) sits between the joint outer section (12) and the joint inner section (13) and comprises ball windows (17), distributed around the circumference, each housing the torque-transmitting balls (141,142) of two adjacent track pairs (221, 231; 222, 232); the mid-points (K1, K2) of the balls (141, 142) are retained in the joint mid-plane by the ball cage (16) for a straight joint and run on the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes on joint deflection; the track cross-section for the outer ball tracks (221, 222) and the inner ball tracks (231, 232) for the corresponding track pair are symmetrical about the symmetry axes (ES1 ES2,), forming the same, opposed angle with the planes (E1, E2, E1', E2') and each having a common point.

Description

Fixing ball-and-socket joint with groove-section of deflection

Technical field

The present invention relates to the constant velocity universal joint (constant velocity joint) of permanent joint form, it has following feature:

One socket part, this socket partly comprise a connecting end and the nose end that a longitudinal axis L 12 and axial opposed are placed and are provided with all outer ball road;

One inner junction part, this inner junction part comprise the connection set of a longitudinal axis L 13 and a usefulness of the nose end of the socket part that is used in reference to outside joint part and are provided with all interior ball road;

It is right that all outer ball road and Zhu Nei ball road form all raceways mutually;

Each raceway transmits ball to holding a torque;

Per two raceways that adjoin are to comprising: two outer ball road, the center line of this two outer ball road are arranged in plane E1, the E2 that mutual almost parallel extends; And ball road in two, the center line of these two interior ball road is arranged in plane E1 ', the E2 ' that mutual almost parallel extends;

One annular ball retainer is between socket part and inner junction part and comprise that circumferential all retainer fenestras, each fenestra hold all torque transmission balls of two raceway centerings of adjoining,

In the joint that aims at, center K1, the K2 of ball is fixed on the joint median plane EM by retainer, and, when joint is hinged when rotating they be directed into angle between longitudinal axis L 12, the L13 to a minute plane (angle-bisecting plane) on.

Background technique

Such joint from DE 44 40 285 C1 for example as can be known.In these joints, can be only next along the torque direction transmitting torque by the ball of half.

The joint of similar type can know from DE 100 33 491 A1 that wherein, the cross section of outer ball road and interior ball road is defined by a radius, and each axis of symmetry in ball road cross section is arranged in the plane that those comprise center line.Having under the situation of torque, according to the feeding direction of torque, this edge at raceway forms disadvantageous load condition.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to propose the joint of described type, this joint has best torque situation under the situation of torque load, and irrelevant with the torque feeding direction.

This purpose reaches by the joint that described type is provided, wherein, the outer ball road that each raceway is right and the groove-section of interior ball road are with respect to axis of symmetry ES1, ES2 symmetry, and these two axis of symmetry form the angle φ of open identical size round about together with plane E1, E2, E1 ', E2 ' ₁, φ ₂, and comprise a common point M, M ' separately.Here imagine angle φ ₁, φ ₂Scope be 0.8 to 1.3 φ ₀, 2 φ wherein ₀Be the central angle between radius RS1, the RS2 in the joint of aiming at, these two radius pass center K1, the K2 of the ball of two pairs of raceways that adjoin from longitudinal axis L 12, L13.The meaning of this mode is described as follows: if φ ₁, φ ₂Equal φ ₀, then the groove-section of the outer ball road of every pair of raceway and interior ball road is with respect to radius RS1, RS2 symmetry, and these two radius pass center K1, the K2 that the right torque of raceway transmits ball from longitudinal axis.If φ ₁, φ ₂Be not equal to φ ₀Then the groove-section of the outer ball road of every pair of raceway and interior ball road is with respect to straight line PS1, PS2 symmetry, and these two straight lines are arranged in cross section, be parallel to radius RS1, RS2 and intersect on the common point M ' who leaves longitudinal axis L 12, L13 one segment distance.

Therefore, in ball is directed at permanent joint in the plane E1, the E2 that extend almost parallel in couples, the ball road among E1 ', the E2 '---wherein, in order to increase the load-bearing ability per two balls are contained in the retainer fenestra---can confirm: the situation that power is imported ball road makes moderate progress and guarantees that the basic of power evenly distributes, and needn't consider the feeding direction of moment.The groove-section of every pair of raceway can be designed to respect to the radius RS1, the RS2 that pass ball center K1, K2 from longitudinal axis L 12, L13 and be symmetrical, so just can reach above-mentioned improvement with respect to the straight line PS1, the PS2 that are parallel to such radius.With respect to the symmetry of the non-strictness of each radius RS1, RS2 be allow and be favourable, for ball road is like this by it by the made situation of all instruments that move on all planes that limited, and wherein the axis of all instruments preferably keeps parallel to each other.

According to first basic embodiment, the raceway center line M22 of the outer ball road of imagination and the raceway center line M23 of interior ball road are arranged in plane E1, E2, plane E1, E2 longitudinal axis L 12, L13 parallel to each other and that be parallel to joint are extended, and extend through the center of the ball of two pairs of raceways that adjoin.

The form of imagination joint is a twin-ball joint, and wherein, under each situation, in joint median plane EM, two couple in the joint of aiming at adjoins the angular aperture α between the tangent line at baseline place of raceway ₁, α ₂Opening to same direction, specifically is that the connecting end of outside joint part opens.

According to second basic embodiment, the form of imagination joint is a reverse track joint (countertrack joint), and wherein, two couple in joint median plane EM in the joint of an aligning adjoins the angular aperture α between the tangent line at baseline place of raceway ₁, α ₂Open round about.More particularly, the ball of the raceway that adjoins of two couples in the joint of an aligning of imagination is positioned on the different Pitch radiuss.

According to the basic embodiment of another alternative, the center line M22 of the outer ball road of imagination ₁, M22 ₂In plane E1, E2, extend, become angle of cut γ with the lineal shape that is parallel to longitudinal axis L 12, L13 simultaneously ₀, plane E1, E2 are parallel to each other and extend through the center of two pairs of balls in the raceway that adjoins, and the perpendicular distance that they leave joint center M equates; And, the center line M23 of interior ball road ₁, M23 ₂In plane E1 ', E2 ', extend, become angle of cut γ with the lineal shape that is parallel to longitudinal axis L 12, L13 simultaneously ₀', plane E1 ', E2 ' are parallel to each other and extend through the center of two pairs of balls in the raceway that adjoins, and the perpendicular distance that they leave joint center M equates.Angle γ ₀And γ ₀' equal and opposite in direction and opening in the opposite direction, thereby obtain angle of cut γ between plane E1 ', the E2 ' of plane E1, the E2 of outer raceway and interior raceway ₀+ γ ₀'.

Opposite with space controlled angle (the spatial control angle) embodiment that slightly change along with the incoming direction of torque, that mention at first at ball place, the foregoing description might compensate at the space at ball place controlled angle ε ₀, ε ₀' to the dependence of torque feeding direction.More particularly, imagination is with angle of cut γ ₀, γ ₀' be processed into the torque Kr that is turning clockwise ₀With the torque Kl that is rotated counterclockwise ₀Situation under the space controlled angle of ball road all equate.

In addition, imagination has had central angle 2 φ between radius RS1, the RS2 at the center of passing the ball in two pairs of raceways that adjoin ₀, just can be according to equation γ ₀=ε ₀* tan φ ₀Calculate angle of cut γ ₀Thereby, guarantee that load on joint is clockwise or being rotated counterclockwise space controlled angle size all equates.

If the raceway center line is arranged in parallel to an axis face E1, E2, will be by clockwise and counterclockwise torque rotation and obtain different space controlled angles, this is because be symmetrical for the wrapping angle δ of the torque load that is rotated counterclockwise and turns clockwise with respect to radius RS.The space controlled angle of the load that turns clockwise and be rotated counterclockwise is:

Kr ₀＝ε ₀×cos(δ+φ)

Kl ₀＝ε ₀×cos(δ-φ ₀)

Because the φ of+/- ₀Influence, they are obviously different.

By plane E1, E2 being rotated angle of cut φ around a normal direction axis ₀, might guarantee space controlled angle Kr ₀, Kl ₀Become equal.This is γ ₀=ε ₀* tan φ ₀Situation.

First embodiment according to groove-section, the groove-section of imagining outer ball road and interior ball road is formed by circular portion, the center of curve of these circular portions on each radius RS1, RS2 apart from one another by opening, and be parallel on straight line PS1, the PS2 of radius RS1, RS2 respectively, and its sweep is greater than the ball radius, and this causes following of the situation that does not have torque and is being positioned at a bit contacting on the raceway pedestal with ball.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the joint with invention that has according to feature of the present invention, wherein

A) be half along the cross section of the cutting line C-C among Fig. 1 b;

B) be longitudinal section along the skew of the cutting line B-B among Fig. 1 a.

Fig. 2 shows the joint with invention of form for two ball joints, wherein

A) be axonometric drawing;

B) be along the cross section A-A among Fig. 2 a, the longitudinal section of B-B.

It is the joint with invention of a reverse track joint form that Fig. 3 shows, wherein

A) be the cross section of passing median plane EM;

B) be longitudinal section along the cross section A-A among Fig. 3 a;

C) be cross section along the section B-B among Fig. 3 a.

Fig. 4 shows and is the joint with invention of reverse track joint form among another embodiment, wherein

A) be the cross section that passes median plane EM;

B) be longitudinal section along the cutting line A-A among Fig. 4 a.

Fig. 5 shows along the partial cross-section that has the joint of invention among first embodiment of the ball road of the cutting line C-C among Fig. 1 b.

Fig. 6 shows along the partial cross-section that has the joint of invention among second embodiment of the ball road of the cutting line C-C among Fig. 1 b.

Fig. 7 shows the modification that the joint among Fig. 1 is carried out, wherein

A) be half along the cross section of the cutting line C-C among Fig. 7 b;

B) be skew longitudinal section along the cutting line B-B among Fig. 7 a.

Fig. 8 shows the partial cross-section of the joint with invention shown in Figure 7.

Fig. 9 shows the angle case according to joint shown in Figure 8, and this figure is exaggerative to some extent in vertical direction.

Embodiment

Two width of cloth figure that describe Fig. 1 will be united.Fig. 1 shows fixed constant velocity universal joint 11, and this universal joint comprises that a socket part 12, an inner junction part 13, a plurality of torque transmit a ball 14 and a ball retainer 16.Two balls 14 ₁, 14 ₂Be contained in the same retainer fenestra 17 of ball retainer.Ball is fixed on outer ball road 22 ₁, 22 ₂With interior ball road 23 ₁, 23 ₂In, wherein, the ball 14 that adjoins ₁, 14 ₂Ball road form two raceways to 22 ₁, 23 ₁With 22 ₂, 23 ₂RS1 and RS2 are meant from longitudinal axis L 12, L13 and pass ball 14 ₁, 14 ₂The radius of center K1, K2.S1 and S2 refer to the cutting line of plane E1, E2, E1 ', E2 ', and the center line of ball road is positioned on S1 and the S2, can roughly regard section C-C as pass joint cross section.The center line that ball road is arranged in these planes E1, E2, E1 ', E2 '.These planes can be parallel to the form setting on the plane of longitudinal axis L 12, L13 extension, or are made as and longitudinal axis L 12, the L13 formation angle of cut and plane parallel to each other in couples.All ball road are extended symmetrically with respect to symmetry axis ES1, ES2, and these two symmetry axis form the identical angle φ of size together with radial plane R1, R2 ₀₁, φ ₀₂, these two angles are opened in the opposite direction and are corresponding with radius RS1, RS2 in this case.

φ ₀₁, φ ₀₂Be as with respect to longitudinal axis L 12, L13, pass ball 14 ₁, 14 ₂Radius RS1, the RS2 at center between half of central angle provide, they and be respectively half of two angular apertures between radius RS1, the RS2.

Do not provide design in detail to ball road, but it should be such: if the torque on the spigot turns clockwise, then a pair of power FR is angle δ with respect to radius RS and acts on the ball, if and the torque on the spigot is rotated counterclockwise, then a pair of power FL is same angle δ with respect to radius RS and acts on the ball.The point of action of power FR, FL is represented ball road and the point of contact of ball under moment loading.

Fig. 1 b shows the ball road 22 that center line is M22, M23 outside this ₂, 22 ₃And in the C-C of plane at tangent line T22, the T23 at ball road baseline place.Tangent line T22 ', T23 ' at center line M22, M23 place is parallel to described tangent line T22, T23 at raceway baseline place and extends, and is arranged in the plane that can be parallel to longitudinal axis L 12, L13 or be angle with respect to longitudinal axis L 12, L13 according to the above.

Tangent line T22 ', T23 ' at center line M22, M23 place form raceway angle ε with the parallel lines L ' that is parallel to longitudinal axis L 12, L13 extension ₀, wherein, under first kind of situation, described tangent line T22 ', T23 ' form the raceway angle be positioned on the figure plane, and under a concrete condition with respect to the diagram plane with angle φ ₀, φ ₀' tilt.

To unite below and describe Fig. 2 a and 2b.They show the joint with invention for the twin-ball joint form, wherein, the detail section identical with Fig. 1 are provided identical label, for this reason will be with reference to the description to Fig. 1.As can be seen, with the ball that adjoins 14 that is fixed in the same retainer fenestra 17 ₁, 14 ₂ Ball road 22 ₁, 23 ₁With 22 ₂, 23 ₂Be designed in correspondence with each other along cross section A-A and B-B.The raceway extension that can think identical correspondence is applicable to all ball road of joint.The claimant is called two ball road with the joint of this type.Shown in scope in, can't confirm the details of raceway cross section.

To unite each figure that describes Fig. 3 below.They show the joint with invention for reverse track joint form.Provide identical label with detail section identical among Fig. 1.For this reason, will be with reference to description to Fig. 1.As can be from seeing each sectional view, with second ball 14 ₂Together be fixed on first ball 14 in the same retainer fenestra 17 ₁ Ball road 22 ₁, 23 ₁Comprise the first angular aperture α with respect to nipple orifice ₁, and with first ball 14 ₁Together be fixed on second ball 14 in the same retainer fenestra ₂Comprise towards the open second angular aperture α of joint pedestal ₂

The situation of a pair of ball road shown here is applicable to that all raceways that are fixed on two balls that adjoin in the same retainer fenestra are right.The first and second raceway opposing connection circle alternate ground are arranged.The claimant is called reverse track joint with the joint of type described herein.

To unite each figure that describes among Fig. 4 below.For details shown in Figure 4, will be with reference to description to Fig. 1.Fig. 4 a shows the ball 14 that extends through two pairs of raceways that adjoin ₁, 14 ₂Two ball center K1, K2 and be parallel to the cutting line A-A of longitudinal axis L 12, L13.The center line M22 that Fig. 4 b shows outer ball road 221,222 is positioned at longitudinal axis L 12 and forms angle γ together ₀Plane E1, E2 in; And outer ball road 23 ₁, 23 ₂Center line M23 be positioned at extension parallel to each other and form the identical angle γ of open in the opposite direction size together with longitudinal axis L 13 ₀' two planes in.

Fig. 5 shows two balls 14 that are fixed in the retainer fenestra 17 with the form of cross-sectional view ₁, 14 ₂The raceway 22 that adjoins of two couples ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂The shape of cross section of ball road is with respect to radius RS1, the RS2 symmetry identical with symmetry axis ES1, the ES2 of groove-section.The ball center line is arranged in and is parallel to plane E1 and the E2 that radial plane R1 extends.The shape of cross section of each ball road can be parabola shaped or Gothic (cycloidal arch by two off-centrings is formed), and the two point form contact takes place in each ball road.Do not consider articulated joint, can guarantee that above-mentioned a pair of power FR has a favourable working angle, the working angle of this power does not change in the hinged rotating process of joint substantially.

Fig. 6 shows two balls 14 that are fixed in the retainer fenestra 17 with the form of cross-sectional view ₁, 14 ₂The raceway 22 that adjoins of two couples ₁, 23 ₁With 22 ₂, 23 ₂In the case, raceway is to 22 ₁, 23 ₁With 22 ₂, 23 ₂Also with respect to radius RS1, the RS2 symmetry identical with symmetry axis ES1, the ES2 of groove-section.The ball center line is arranged in and is parallel to plane E1 and the E2 that radial plane R1 extends.The cross section of every pair of ball road is formed by the circular arch that center M1a, M1i and M2a, M2i are positioned on each radius RS1, the RS2, and radius R a, Ri are obviously greater than the ball radius.Like this, there is not the situation of moment can cause ball 14 ₁, 14 ₂With ball road 22 ₁, 23 ₁With 22 ₂, 23 ₂Between contact in each raceway pedestal.

To unite each figure that describes among Fig. 7 below.To provide identical label with detail section identical among Fig. 1, for this reason will be with reference to description to Fig. 1.

In Fig. 7 a, perpendicular to the x axis of section B-B and two the component PCRx and the PCRy that are parallel on the y axis of section B-B Pitch radius PCR is being decomposed according to Pitch radius PCR.

Fig. 7 b shows the motion when inner junction part 13 ball 142 during with respect to the partly hinged rotational angle β of socket left, is benchmark with center M, and ball partly has been offset angle beta/2 with respect to socket.Also show Pitch radius PCRy (0) in the joint of aiming at and the radius PCRy (β/2) behind the hinged rotation angle β of joint.Because the mode that raceway extends, PCRy (β/2) is greater than PCRy (0).

Like this, for the joint that does not have hinged rotation, can obtain following equation:

${\mathrm{PCR}}_0=\sqrt{({{\mathrm{PCRx}}_0}^2+{{\mathrm{PCRy}}_0}^2)}$

For pitch circle angle φ ₀, available following equation calculates pitch circle angle φ:

tanφ ₀＝PCRx ₀/PCRy ₀

And for the joint of hinged rotation, then:

$\mathrm{PCR}=\sqrt{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="PCRx"\; filenames="A20048003132100211.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">PCRx</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{PCRy}}^2)}$

For pitch circle angle φ, available following equation calculates pitch circle angle φ:

tanφ＝PCRx/PCRy

When PCR and φ when ball road only changes slightly, even be constant angle φ with respect to longitudinal plane by radius R1 _kRaceway also can like that advantageously power be introduced in the ball road as envisaged by the present invention.

The rotational position of joint changes along with the variation of splice angle, and ball is located in different positions along ball road.Be arranged in parallel to each other and be parallel under the situation on the plane that longitudinal axis L 12, L13 extend in ball road, PCRx remains unchanged, and PCRy can change.Its result passes the median plane of longitudinal axis L 12, L13 and y axle and the angle φ that passes from joint center M between the radius RS of ball center K has slight variation.

In order to keep ball road symmetry of the present invention exactly, need center of curve M1i and M1a and M2i and M2a to lay respectively in the plane that forms by radius RS1, RS2 and longitudinal axis L 12, L13.

Therefore, according to the embodiment shown in here, center M1i and M1a are arranged in a plane that is parallel to those planes that comprise the raceway center line separately.This is illustrated in any position active line (effectiveline) (axis of symmetry of groove-section) can not pass joint center M exactly, but passes center M '.Bias a between two planes is less relatively, available with the calculating of getting off:

a＝(PCRy(β)-PCRy(0))×sinφ ₀

And the symmetry plane in ball road cross section to the bias of ray radially is:

Δ δ ≈ a/PCR[radian]

In Fig. 8, to any with shown in Figure 4 be that identical details provides identical label, ball 14 during such rotation of joint shown in Fig. 7 a ₁The effect of ball motion be saved.Though the center line of ball road extends in plane E1, E2 usually, but the symmetry plane of those groove-section can be shifted, and those cross sections are no longer formed by the second radius RS1, the RS2 that intersect at M place, joint center, and the axis of symmetry ES1, the ES2 that are located to intersect by the some M ' in the R1 of radial plane form.Raceway center M1 ₀In the E1 of plane, be displaced to raceway center M1.Come from joint center M, and the radius Off-Radial ray RS1 angle delta δ that comes from the longitudinal axis that passes the raceway center respectively.Center M, M ' and M1 ₀And the distance between the M1 provides with Δ PCRy.

Fig. 9 has provided the enlarged view of the angle case of Fig. 8.

Claims (13)

1. one kind is the constant velocity universal joint of permanent joint form, and it has following feature:

One socket part (12), this socket partly comprise a connecting end and the nose end that a longitudinal axis L 12 and axial opposed are placed, and are provided with all outer ball road (22 ₁, 22 ₂);

One inner junction part (13), this inner junction part comprise one connection set of a longitudinal axis L 13 and the nose end of the socket part (12) that is used in reference to outside joint part, and are provided with all interior ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂);

All outer ball road and Zhu Nei ball road form all raceways mutually to (22 ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂);

Each raceway transmits ball (14 to holding a torque ₁, 14 ₂);

Per two raceways that adjoin are to comprising: all outer ball road (22 ₁, 22 ₂), the center line of these outer ball road is arranged in the plane (E1, E2) that mutual almost parallel extends; And, all interior ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂), the center line of ball road is arranged in the plane that mutual almost parallel extends (E1 ', E2 ') in these;

One annular ball retainer (16) is positioned between socket part (12) and the inner junction part (13), and comprises that circumferential all retainer fenestras (17), each fenestra hold two pairs of raceways (22 that adjoin ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) in all torques transmit ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂);

In a joint of aiming at, all balls (14 ₁, 14 ₂) center K1, K2 remain on the joint median plane EM by retainer (16), and, when joint is hinged when rotating they be directed into angle between longitudinal axis L 12, the L13 to minute plane on;

Every pair of all outer ball road (22 that raceway is right ₁, 22 ₂) and all interior ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂) groove-section with respect to symmetry axis (ES1, ES2) symmetry, these two symmetry axis form the angle (φ of open identical size round about together with plane (E1, E2, E1 ', E2 ') ₁, φ ₂), and comprise a common point (M, M ') separately.

2. constant velocity universal joint as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,

Every pair of outer ball road (22 that raceway is right ₁, 22 ₂) and interior ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂) groove-section with respect to radius (RS1, RS2) symmetry, these two radius pass the right torque of raceway from longitudinal axis (L12, L13) and transmit ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) ball center K1, K2.

3. constant velocity universal joint as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,

Every pair of outer ball road (22 that raceway is right ₁, 22 ₂) and interior ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂) groove-section with respect to straight line (PS1, PS2) symmetry, these two straight lines are arranged in cross section, be parallel to from longitudinal axis L 12, L13 and transmit ball (14 by the right torque of raceway ₁, 14 ₂) center K1, K2 radius (RS1, RS2) and intersect on the common point M ' who leaves longitudinal axis L 12, L13.

4. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,

Angle φ ₁, φ ₂Scope be 0.8 φ ₀To 1.3 φ ₀, wherein, in a joint of aiming at, 2 φ ₀Composition from longitudinal axis L 12, L13 by two pairs of raceways that adjoin (22 ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) torque transmit ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) the radius (RS1, RS2) at center (K1, K2) between central angle.

5. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that,

All outer ball road (22 ₁, 22 ₂) and all interior ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂) raceway center line (M22) be arranged in plane (E1, E2), these two planes longitudinal axis (L12, L13) parallel to each other and that be parallel to joint extends, and extends through two pairs of raceways (22 that adjoin ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) the center.

6. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that,

All outer ball road (22 ₁, 22 ₂) raceway center line (M22) be arranged in plane (E1, E2), and all in ball road (23 ₁, 23 ₂) raceway center line (M23) be arranged in plane (E1 ', E2 '), these four planes are parallel to each other and extend through two pairs of raceways (22 that adjoin ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) the center, and they all equate with the perpendicular distance of joint center (M), wherein, the same longitudinal axis of raceway center line (M23) (L12, L13) of the raceway center line (M22) of outer ball road and the interior ball road angle of cut (γ that forms equal and opposite in direction together, extend along opposite direction ₀, γ ₀').

7. constant velocity universal joint as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that,

With the angle of cut (γ ₀, γ ₀') be chosen as and no matter load clockwise or rotate counterclockwise, raceway is at ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) the space controlled angle ε that locates ₀, ε ₀' all have an equal value.

8. constant velocity universal joint as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,

Had by two pairs of raceways that adjoin (22 ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) the radius (RS1, RS2) of center K1, K2 between central angle 2 φ ₀, then according to formula γ ₀=ε ₀* tan φ ₀Calculate angle of cut γ ₀, be clockwise or rotate counterclockwise that to guarantee the load on the joint no matter the space controlled angle all equates.

9. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that,

In joint median plane EM, two couple of a joint of aiming at adjoins raceway (22 ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) the tangent line at baseline place between angular aperture (α ₁, α ₂) open to same direction, specifically be that the connecting end of outside joint part opens (twin-ball joint).

10. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that,

In joint median plane EM, two couple in the joint of aiming at adjoins raceway (22 ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) joint median plane (EM) in the tangent line at baseline place between angular aperture (α ₁, α ₂) open round about (oppositely track joint).

11. constant velocity universal joint as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that,

Two couple in one joint of aiming at adjoins raceway (22 ₁, 23 ₁22 ₂, 23 ₂) ball (14 ₁, 14 ₂) be positioned on the different Pitch radius (PCR).

12. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that,

All outer ball road (22) form by producing the parabola shaped or oval part or the cusped arch (Gothic arch) that contact with ball on 2 o'clock with the groove-section of all interior ball road (23).

13. as any described constant velocity universal joint in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that,

The groove-section of all outer ball road (22) and all interior ball road (23) is formed by all circular portions, the center of curve of these circular portions is gone up apart from one another by opening a segment distance and laying respectively on each straight line that extends in parallel (PS1, PS2) at each radius (RS1, RS2), and, the sweep of these circular portions is greater than the radius of ball, and these circular portions are gone up and ball (14 on one point ₁, 14 ₂) contact.

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