CN1866790A - PON network design method using OTDR detection light path - Google Patents
PON network design method using OTDR detection light path Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an OTDR checking light path system in light network in the optical communication domain, which comprises the following parts: OTDR light circuit terminal OLT system, passive light distribution network ODN system and a plurality of light switch-in network user terminal ONU/ONT, wherein the branching unit output end connects light path adjustment box for changing physical length of branch light path; the light signal connects light path adjustment box in branching unit of ODN system; the above signal is sent to the ONU through adjusted branch light path with different physical length and connects OTDR in OLT system terminal; the PON network is checked; The invention realizes the branch light path with different lengthes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication field, relate in particular to the PON network design method that a kind of OTDR of use detects light path.
Background technology
Because optical communication especially optical fiber communication has series of advantages such as transmission band is extremely wide, message capacity is very big, signal transmission quality height, this technology has in the communications field extremely widely to be used.Optical Access Network FTTH has broad application prospects as a pith in the Networks of Fiber Communications.The cut-in method of typical Optical Access Network comprises the point-tor point P 2 P cut-in method and puts the passive optical network PON cut-in method of multiple spot.The PON network system is compared the clear superiority with a large amount of saving optical fiber costs as a kind of point to the cut-in method of multiple spot with the P2P of point-to-point.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as basic PON network model.
Passive optical network PON is connected and composed in turn by optical line terminal OLT, Optical Distribution Network ODN and optical-fiber network user side ONU/ONT three parts, wherein optical line terminal links to each other with the one-input terminal of Optical Distribution Network by optical fiber, and many outputs of Optical Distribution Network are connected with a plurality of optical-fiber network user sides by optical fiber.
EPON is from the optical line terminal incoming light signal, and light signal is sent to Optical Distribution Network by optical fiber, and through a plurality of output ports of Optical Distribution Network, light signal finally arrives optic network user terminal.
There is an important problem in actual applications in described PON system, is exactly how each branch's light path to be carried out trouble shooting, and can distinguish fault appear at branch's light path or user terminal after finding there is fault.Because the territorial scope that fiber optic network covers is often very broad, the circuit of its network own is more complicated again, and branched optical cable way amount is huge, so in a single day branch's light path goes wrong, realize that then fault location is relatively more difficult fast, this problem is that the maintenance cost of minimizing system has proposed a difficult problem.The telecommunication cable transmission network has become the information superhighway of carrying huge amount of information at present.Therefore, guarantee its safety, unimpeded be very important.
Optical time domain reflectometer OTDR is a kind of powerful instrument of testing optical fiber state in the communication network.It has used the light path detection technique of comparative maturity in the point-to-point optical transmission system, back scattering and Fresnel inversion principle according to light are made, the rear orientation light that produces when utilizing light to propagate in optical fiber obtains the information of decay, can be used for measuring optical fiber decay, splicing loss, fiber failure point location and understand optical fiber along the loss distribution situation of length etc., if optical fiber damages or has ruptured, whether OTDR can find out the position and the check reparation of damage rapidly proper, is necessary tool in optical cable construction, maintenance and the monitoring.
But still can there be certain problem in OTDR in the system applies of putting multiple spot.Because the OTDR technology is treated the length on sidelight road special requirement are arranged, it can only differentiate the different branch's light path of length, can not differentiate the identical branch's light path of length.Yet in the optical-fiber network of reality, especially exist in the light path branch of multiple spot that a large amount of optical path lengths equate or basic situation about equating putting, at this moment OTDR has lost effect owing to differentiating length, can't normally detect light path, fault location position.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned existing in prior technology problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of OTDR of use tests each branch's light path in the optical-fiber network.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network detects the system of light path, comprise in turn connect comprise OTDR optical line terminal OLT system, passive optical distribution network ODN system and a plurality of Optical Access Network user terminal ONU/ONT, the ODN system is provided with the optical branching device equipment complex, and this equipment has light shunt function and the road of the optical branch with different optical transmission length is provided.
Described optical branching device equipment complex can independently optical branching device and optical path length be regulated box and are connected and composed in turn separately by two;
Or
Described optical branching device equipment complex is the whole optical branching device with optical path length regulatory function.
Described optical path length is regulated the light path branch optical fiber interface that box has a plurality of input light path branch optical fiber interfaces and a plurality of outputs, and the optical physics of each branch road transmission length is all inequality.
Described OLT system comprises:
Mixer and the OLT and the OTDR that insert mixer.
In the ODN system, for the identical each branch light path of branch's optical path length connects a light path adjusting box is set, described light path is regulated box and is connected in the splitter output.
A kind of OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network detects the method for light path, it is characterized in that:
After A, light signal carry out along separate routes in the splitter of ODN system each shunting sign being inserted light path regulates branch's light path that each bar physical length of box has nothing in common with each other and is sent to ONU;
B, insert OTDR, the PON network that branch's light path has nothing in common with each other is tested at the OLT system end.
When whole branches light path was a branch road group formation, described steps A comprised:
A1, one road light signal input first order splitter are divided into the multiple branches signal;
A2, for each different branch's light path of length, each branch signal is direct described each branch's light path of access respectively, finally transfers to ONU; For one or more groups identical branch's light path of length, each road branch signal inserts second level splitter and the light path adjusting box that each group of branches light path is connected to, and then inserts described each group of branches light path, finally transfers to ONU.
Described step B comprises:
The mixer of B1, OLT system end will come from the light signal of OLT and come from synthetic one road signal of test signal and the input light path of OTDR;
The OTDR of B2, OLT system end is according to the test signal of the input light path optical path states at each ONU of position probing of the reflection peak point of light joint, light end face, light breakpoint.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the present invention introduces light path and regulates box in each isometric branch's light path of optical-fiber network, on the basis that keeps the legacy network structure, change a little, just realized that each branch's light path is uneven in length, thereby used OTDR that each adjusted branch light path is measured.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is depicted as basic PON network;
Figure 2 shows that monochromatic light branch testing system;
Figure 3 shows that multistage smooth branch testing system;
Figure 4 shows that the isometric monochromatic light branch testing of branch system;
Figure 5 shows that the isometric monochromatic light branch testing of part light path system;
Figure 6 shows that the basic structure of light path adjusting box;
Figure 7 shows that OTDR transmission test curve;
Figure 8 shows that the OTDR test curve when light path is isometric;
Figure 9 shows that increasing light path regulates OTDR test curve behind the box.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is when using optical time domain reflectometer OTDR optical system for testing, inserts light path and regulate box in Optical Distribution Network ODN.Described light path is regulated box and is had many light interface channels, and the optical path length of each passage has nothing in common with each other.Each branch's light path that length is identical is regulated box by this light path and is inserted the ODN system, guarantee to have nothing in common with each other through regulating the back optical path length, so just can use existing ripe OTDR measuring technology to realize the isometric multiple-limb light path of part light path is detected through each branch's light path that length is identical originally.
More specifically say, the present invention adds OTDR at Optical Network Terminal OLT system end, add light path and regulate box in Optical Distribution Network ODN system, wherein light path is regulated the output that box one is terminated at splitter among the ODN, and the other end is connected to the identical branch's light path of multichannel length.
At the OLT system end, the mixer input is connected to OLT and OTDR respectively, wherein, OLT is used to receive and transmit the transmission signals that comes from signal sending end, OTDR is used for each branch's light path of optical-fiber network is detected as the optical time domain reflectometer access network, judges whether each branch's light path breaks down and fault generation back failure judgement appears at branch.Though OTDR is a kind of very mature technique, it has specific (special) requirements to the length of each branch's light path in use, and promptly the length of each branch's light path must be different, otherwise OTDR will lose measuring ability.
Owing in the system of reality, have the isometric situation of a large amount of light paths, therefore must solve the detection problem of isometric branch light path.When using OTDR, because the transmission speed of light signal in channel is very fast, so when the length of branch's light path changed in the scope of several meters and tens meters, the variation of light path was for not influence of communication quality to the test on isometric branched optical cable road.So only need handle, change the length of its light path original isometric branch light path, original isometric light path is become not isometric so that use OTDR to detect.
The method of change branch optical path length is to regulate box for each isometric branch's light path inserts a light path in the ODN system.Light path is regulated in the box many light interface channels, and the optical path length of every light interface channel has nothing in common with each other.Originally after each isometric branch's light path inserted each light interface channel of light path adjusting box respectively, then the new optical path length that is made of jointly light interface channel in branch's light path and the adjusting box had nothing in common with each other.So both original branch light path was not carried out complicated change, realized the change of actual optical path length again, cleared away road for using OTDR to detect.
After using the technology of the present invention, OTDR optical test path technology is just tested various branches light path.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing method of the present invention is described in further detail
The specific embodiments of the method for the invention such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, implementation method is as follows:
The present invention improves to multipoint transport network traditional point, change the optical path length of branch's light path of a large amount of equal in length in the real network, so that OTDR technology ripe in the transmission of present point-to-point is applied to a little in multicast communication, is implemented in and uses OTDR detection light path in the optical-fiber network.
The present invention improves OLT system and ODN system respectively keeping basic optical line terminal OLT system, passive optical distribution network ODN system and these three essential parts of a plurality of Optical Access Network user terminal ONU/ONT.
For the OLT system end, except common OLT, the present invention has added OTDR and the mixer that is used to detect network.
Optical time domain reflectometer OTDR is a kind of powerful instrument of testing optical fiber state in the communication network.It has used the light path detection technique of comparative maturity in the point-to-point optical transmission system, back scattering and Fresnel inversion principle according to light are made, the rear orientation light that produces when utilizing light to propagate in optical fiber obtains the information of decay, can be used for measuring optical fiber decay, splicing loss, fiber failure point location and understand optical fiber along the loss distribution situation of length etc., if optical fiber damages or has ruptured, whether OTDR can find out the position and the check reparation of damage rapidly proper, is necessary tool in optical cable construction, maintenance and the monitoring.
When work, OTDR need receive by fiber channel and come from the reflected signal of branch's light path so that carrying out light path detects, and therefore at the OLT system end, OTDR and OLT pass through together incoming fiber optic channel of mixer.The test signal of OTDR and the source signal of OLT transmit jointly by same channel.
ODN system among the present invention is that branch's light path of the identical ONU of length has been added light path adjusting box.Traditional ODN system comes to be each ONU distributing signal by splitter, directly enters the identical branch's light path of length by the signal of splitter output and transfers to ONU.Difference of the present invention is, adding after light path regulates box, at first enters light path from the signal of splitter output and regulates the light interface channel that the length of box has nothing in common with each other, and imports the identical branch's light path of original length then.
Be illustrated in figure 6 as light path and regulate the basic structure of box.
Light is regulated in the box many light interface channels, and the optical path length of every passage has nothing in common with each other.For example: allow each transmission line length increase progressively, as increasing progressively by 10m length; Light is regulated interior each optical path length of box and is respectively: 10m, 20m, 30m... (n * 10) m etc.Each isometric path channels is connected with each input of light adjusting box simultaneously, like this, will has nothing in common with each other by former each light path physical length that waits long channel and light to regulate the new channel that channel is formed jointly in the box.
For the ODN system, owing to arrive the length of numerous branches light path of each ONU multiple situation is arranged, corresponding splitter and light path are regulated box and are had multiple connected mode, and its concrete scheme is as follows:
Be illustrated in figure 2 as monochromatic light branch testing system.
The situation that described system is suitable for is that the identical length of all branch's light paths together.Only need this moment to use a splitter and a light path to regulate box, the end that light path is regulated box directly connects splitter, and the other end is connected in each isometric branch's light path.Because each former branch light path is isometric, regulate box so only need insert a light path, all optical path lengths of new formation are had nothing in common with each other.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as multistage smooth branch testing system.
The situation that described system is suitable for is that branch's light path group that several group length of all branched optical cable routes are identical constitutes.Need this moment to use a plurality of light paths of a first order splitter and a plurality of second level splitter and corresponding second level splitter to regulate box.Each group of branches light path is regulated box by light path and is inserted second level splitter, and then inserts first order splitter.The length that only needs suitably to regulate the light interface channel in the light path adjusting box can realize that just new all optical path lengths that form have nothing in common with each other.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as the isometric monochromatic light branch testing of branch system.
The situation that described system is suitable for is that branch's light path group that all branched optical cable route one group length are identical and the mutually different branch of a plurality of length light path constitute.Only need this moment to use a splitter and a light path to regulate box.Branch's light path group that length is identical is regulated the part interface that box inserts splitter by light path; The mutually different branch of length light path directly inserts other interface of splitter.The length of suitably regulating the light interface channel in the light path adjusting box can realize that just new all optical path lengths that form have nothing in common with each other.
Be illustrated in figure 5 as the isometric monochromatic light branch testing of part light path system.
The situation that described system is suitable for is that branch's light path group that the many group length of all branched optical cable routes are identical and the mutually different branch of a plurality of length light path constitute.Need to use a first order splitter and a plurality of second level splitter this moment.Each branch's light path group is regulated box by light path and is inserted a second level splitter, second level splitter of the common access of the mutually different branch of all length light path.Suitably regulate light path and regulate second level splitter.Each branch's light path group is regulated box by light path and is inserted a second level splitter, second level splitter of the common access of the mutually different branch of all length light path.The length of suitably regulating the light interface channel in the light path adjusting box can realize that just new all optical path lengths that form have nothing in common with each other.
When system was tested, the OTDR tester sent light signal to fibre circuit, and light signal will have part signal reflected back transmitting terminal when optic path, light reflection peak point will occur at light joint, light end face and light breakpoint.As shown in Figure 7, abscissa is represented the distance of light path, and the luminous power of ordinate representation unit time reflex can be judged the connection situation of its light path according to the peak point position.If fibercuts, its light pip will change; According to light reflection peak point change in location, with regard to the variation of its light path of decidable.
The OTDR networking generally can only be differentiated the optical path distance more than several meters.In system group network, there is a kind of situation, promptly the fiber distance of many user sides is identical.Therefore, OTDR can not differentiate the ONU/ONT of same distance (within several error of meter).Figure 7 shows that the OTDR test curve (ignoring other contact reflection) when the ONU light path is isometric, at this moment, curve has only the peak point C of a reflection, therefore can not distinguish each individual consumer.
OTDR test curve (ignoring other contact reflection) when the ONU that Figure 8 shows that isometric light path insert to regulate the equipment of optical path distance, this moment, curve had a plurality of reflection peak points, can distinguish each individual consumer.Distance between the peak value is the light path adjustable range.
The OTDR test curve (ignoring other contact reflection) that the equipment that Figure 9 shows that the optical network unit insertion adjusting optical path distance of isometric light path is, this moment, curve had a plurality of reflection peak points, can distinguish each individual consumer, the distance between the peak value is the light path adjustable range.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network detects the system of light path, comprise in turn connect comprise OTDR optical line terminal OLT system, passive optical distribution network ODN system and a plurality of Optical Access Network user terminal ONU/ONT, it is characterized in that, the ODN system is provided with the optical branching device equipment complex, and this equipment has light shunt function and the road of the optical branch with different optical transmission length is provided.
2, the OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network according to claim 1 detects the system of light path, it is characterized in that,
Described optical branching device equipment complex comprise two separately independently optical branching device and optical path length regulate box, two separately independently optical branching device regulate box with optical path length and be connected in turn;
Or
Described optical branching device equipment complex is the whole optical branching device with optical path length regulatory function.
3, the OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network according to claim 2 detects the system of light path, it is characterized in that,
Described optical path length is regulated the light path branch optical fiber interface that box comprises a plurality of input light path branch optical fiber interfaces and a plurality of outputs, and the optical physics of each branch road transmission length is all inequality.
4, the system that uses OTDR to detect light path in optical-fiber network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described OLT system comprises:
Mixer and the OLT and the OTDR that insert mixer.
5, the OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network according to claim 3 detects the system of light path, it is characterized in that, in the ODN system, for the identical each branch light path of branch's optical path length connects a light path adjusting box is set, described light path is regulated box and is connected in the splitter output.
6, a kind of OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network detects the method for light path, it is characterized in that:
After A, light signal carry out along separate routes in the splitter of ODN system each shunting sign being inserted light path regulates branch's light path that each bar physical length of box has nothing in common with each other and is sent to ONU;
B, insert OTDR, the PON network that branch's light path has nothing in common with each other is tested at the OLT system end.
7, the OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network according to claim 6 detects the method for light path, it is characterized in that, when whole branches light path was a branch road group formation, described steps A comprised:
A1, one road light signal input first order splitter are divided into the multiple branches signal;
A2, for each different branch's light path of length, each branch signal is direct described each branch's light path of access respectively, finally transfers to ONU; For one or more groups identical branch's light path of length, each road branch signal inserts second level splitter and the light path adjusting box that each group of branches light path is connected to, and then inserts described each group of branches light path, finally transfers to ONU.
8, the OTDR that uses in optical-fiber network according to claim 6 detects the method for light path, it is characterized in that described step B comprises:
The mixer of B1, OLT system end will come from the light signal of OLT and come from synthetic one road signal of test signal and the input light path of OTDR;
The OTDR of B2, OLT system end is according to the test signal of the input light path optical path states at each ONU of position probing of the reflection peak point of light joint, light end face, light breakpoint.
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| WO2013117897A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | United Technologists Europe Limited | Otdr mapping method |
| US9103746B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2015-08-11 | United Technologists Europe Limited | OTDR mapping method |
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| WO2014205753A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Information processing method and device |
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