CN1859276A - Multiple port path selecting method for network equipment - Google Patents
Multiple port path selecting method for network equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A network equipment multiple port channel selection method includes evaluating every output port load status of network equipment according to port band width and flow rate load status, to obtain every output port load status evaluating result, in service retransmission, querying every output port load status evaluating result, comparing evaluating result, preference selecting large load-carrying capacity port to make service retransmission. Making weight value analyzing to evaluating result, defining band width factor and flow rate capacity factor value taking or value taking interval to different size and positive-negative weight value, then to make weighing to obtain port load weight value reflecting port load status evaluating result. The present invention makes multiple path outlet channel selection according to port load status weight value, raising channel selection rationality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, be specifically related to the method that a kind of network equipment carries out multiple port path selecting.
Background technology
Router or multibusiness exchanger if route stand-by or backup path are arranged, dispatch through the multichannel outlet routing that regular meeting carries out between the different port, and different scheduling strategies and algorithm just arise at the historic moment in the outbound port scheduling process that message is transmitted.It is wherein the most common and most typical application that routing load is shared, also have application such as FE trunk (fast ethernet port converges) routing and QOS (service quality) routing, because it is the applied environment of modal multichannel outlet routing policy that routing load is shared, sharing with routing load below is example, and the applied environment of multichannel outlet routing policy is described.
In present telecommunications network environment, the outlet of metropolitan area network convergence-level can be used convergence device such as router or multibusiness exchanger usually, as the equipment that is connected with backbone network.In the ordinary course of things, have only a path between router or multibusiness exchanger and the backbone network, all flows of router or multibusiness exchanger visit Internet all pass through this path.Under the bigger situation of customer flow, not only may cause network congestion, and in a single day the physical connection of this path break down, can cause that all users can not visit Internet under this router or the multibusiness exchanger.
For outlet bandwidth and the redundancy backup ability that improves convergence device, on convergence devices such as router or multibusiness exchanger, can adopt the strategy of the up outlet of multichannel, for example in network environment shown in Figure 1, convergence device has a plurality of outbound ports that are connected with backbone network (among Fig. 1 being three) simultaneously.On convergence device, adopt certain routing load to share routing policy, just can realize dynamic load leveling and the redundant route backup of flow on a plurality of ports by this convergence device visit Internet.It is exactly the technical scheme that realizes this routing policy that routing load is shared, in this scheme, router and multibusiness exchanger can be set up identical but the routing table that outbound port is different of a plurality of destination addresses simultaneously, can dynamically select one of them routing table as transmitting that message is transmitted according to certain load sharing route selection strategy when E-Packeting, realize the dynamic load leveling of flow and the redundancy backup of route.
Router or multibusiness exchanger obtain a large amount of routing iinformations from different Routing Protocols, and join in the routing table after adopting different routing policies that these routing iinformations are filtered.Each Routing Protocol all has the standard of oneself to weigh the route quality, next employing time delay of jumping number of times, the employing bandwidth that has, having of the employing that has, generally in route data, quantize, promptly represent the quality of route according to the size of numerical value Metric with tolerance Metric (jumping figure).And each Routing Protocol is all oneself thinking that best route delivers in the routing management module.RIP (routing information protocol), OSPF (OSPF) that uses always in the Routing Protocol and BGP (border gateway protocol) etc. have the function of such route filtering and the selection of route priority at present.
For to same destination address, have many routes of giving for change by different routing protocol respectively like this.But because the implication difference of metric that each agreement adopts does not have comparativity between them.But for from same agreement and the identical route of priority, the implication of metric is identical, and Routing Protocol allows to generate a plurality of routing tables.
Router or multibusiness exchanger are having under a plurality of outgoing interfaces and the situation that backbone network is connected, will obtain a plurality of outgoing interface differences, routing table that destination address is identical by dynamic routing protocol, and these routing tables are based upon on the different outbound ports.Also can realize adding the route table items that a plurality of outlets are different, destination address is identical by the mode of adding static routing table.Under the situation that has obtained a plurality of outgoing interface differences, routing table that destination address is identical, adopt rational load sharing route selection strategy, just can under the situation that does not influence user capture Internet resource, realize the load balancing and the route redundancy backup of customer flow.
At present common routing load is shared tactful ports having and is on average shared (this algorithm is distributed to the message of transmitting on each port successively) and search port according to Hash (Hash) hashed value that source IP address in E-Packeting or purpose IP address generate that (this algorithm is according to some positions of IP address, carry out such as logical AND or, after the operation such as XOR, form a numerical value, table look-up as the index of outbound port table with this numerical value, this algorithm allows a plurality of corresponding identical index of example of searching).
The major defect of these route selecting methods is dynamically to adjust the routing port according to the actual loading ability of port, promptly supposed and all had identical load capacity by all of the port (load capacity of indication is dynamic herein, just can further bear the ability of flow, rather than the flow load of current reality).And in fact the load capacity of each port is different, POS port as 2.5G has higher load capacity than gigabit Ethernet mouth, just can bear more flow, and be the gigabit Ethernet mouth equally, bandwidth usage has only 20% port to reach 80% port than bandwidth usage higher load capacity is arranged.These route selecting methods can't dynamically be adjusted according to the actual at present loading condition of port, in fact ignored of the influence of factors such as port bandwidth, port bandwidth occupancy to routing, can not be exactly with traffic sharing to the higher port of load capacity, thereby cause the port underloading of high load capability, and the port load of low load capacity is too much even the phenomenon of appearance overload.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcoming existing multiple port path selecting method can't dynamically adjust according to the loading condition of port reality, can't be exactly with the shortcoming of traffic sharing to the higher port of load capacity, a kind of multiple port path selecting method for network equipment is provided, the loading condition of bandwidth, port of taking all factors into consideration port improves the reasonability of routing to the influence of routing.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted to be:
This multiple port path selecting method for network equipment may further comprise the steps:
According to the bandwidth conditions and the flow load situation of port, the load state of each outbound port of the network equipment is assessed, draw the load state assessment result of each outbound port;
Carrying out business when transmitting, the load state assessment result of inquiring about each outbound port, and assessment result compared, preferentially select the big port of load capacity to carry out business forwarding.
Described port load state assessment result can draw by the weights analysis, the bandwidth considerations of port load state and the value or the interval of flow load factor be will influence earlier and different sizes and positive and negative weights will be defined as, be weighted the port load weights that draw reflection port load state assessment result then, carry out routing according to port load weights.
When carrying out routing, can adopt weights first priority routing, promptly according to the preferential port of selecting high weight of the size of port load weights according to port load weights; Also can adopt weights preference for probability routing, i.e. the selection that comes this port is carried out corresponding ratio according to the ratio of some port load weights and all of the port load weights sum.
Described flow load factor can comprise port bandwidth occupancy situation, port overload conditions and port activation situation.Earlier port bandwidth is defined as a certain port bandwidth weights; To bandwidth usage situation or port overload conditions, be different bandwidth usages or the different coefficient of overload packet loss section definition, the product of each coefficient and described port bandwidth weights is described bandwidth usage situation weights or port overload conditions weights.When port was state of activation, definition port activation situation weights were 0; When port was deactivation status, definition port activation situation weights were negative port bandwidth weights.
The all of the port table of the timing cycle ground poll network equipment calculates the load weights of a polling cycle on each outbound port according to the port information in the port table, and these weights are kept in the port table; When message is transmitted, search pairing each port table of each route forwarding table, and carry out routing according to the port load weights in each port table.
The beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention: the present invention carries out multichannel outlet routing according to port load state weights, and the flow load situation of bandwidth, port of having taken all factors into consideration port has improved the reasonability of routing to the influence of routing.The present invention has simultaneously introduced the influence weights of port deactivation status to the load sharing route, make that wherein the outbound port of a route occurs under the situation of physical layer or link layer deexcitation, the route selection strategy can backup to the flow on this path on other the outbound port, thereby has realized the function of load sharing route redundancy backup.
The present invention makes the present invention dynamically to adjust the routing port according to the load capacity of port also by periodic evaluation with upgrade port load state weights and the method for routing in view of the above, and very strong real-time is arranged.Utilize the present invention to assess the method that weights carry out dynamic routing, not only can share middle application, also can be widely used in the scheduling strategy of FE trunk outlet routing, QOS outlet routing and other multichannel outlet routing at routing load according to the port load state.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the prior art routing load is shared the networking schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes port load weights to carry out the principle schematic of multiple port path selecting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention assesses the port load state earlier, carries out routing according to assessment result.The assessment result of port load state assessment is that the method by the weights analysis draws, just earlier the value of port load state (including but not limited to port bandwidth situation, port bandwidth occupancy situation, port overload conditions and port activation situation) or interval are defined as different sizes and positive and negative weights, are weighted the port load weights that draw reflection port load state assessment result then.Calculate the load weights of each port, weights are high more to show that the load state of port is good more, mean that also port can bear more load, routing policy can be selected the port of load state optimums according to these weights, dynamically adjusts to reach flow equalization, port, the purpose of route redundancy backup.
The port load state includes but not limited to port bandwidth situation, port bandwidth occupancy situation, port overload conditions and port activation situation.Port bandwidth is a base attribute of port, shows a topmost parameter of port load capacity, and the type of port has determined that bandwidth has also just been determined, such as being 100M or 1000M; Bandwidth usage is the ratio of port flow and port bandwidth; The phenomenon of the dropping packets that takes place because of flow is excessive has appearred in port overload finger tip mouth; Port activation and deexcitation are exactly whether port is available; Port bandwidth occupancy situation, port overload conditions and port activation situation are all in real-time change.
The route selecting method that carries out routing according to port load weights can be weights first priority routing, also can be weights preference for probability routing.Weights first priority routing is promptly carried out the preferential route selecting method of selecting of high weight according to the size of port load weights; Weights preference for probability routing refers to carry out the route selecting method that corresponding ratio is selected according to the ratio of some port load weights and all load sharing port load weights sums.
Following mask body describes:
For N outbound port, under the situation that existing traffic load is on average shared, the routing probability of any one outbound port all is 1/N, if the weights of supposition all of the port all are m, the weights routing probability of any one outbound port all is m/m*N so.The present invention with combined factors such as port bandwidth situation, port bandwidth occupancy situation, port overload conditions and port activation situations to the port weights m of each outbound port, thereby more effectively reflect of the influence of above-mentioned factor to the route routing.Still sharing with routing load below is that example describes:
The port load weights of any route can followingly calculate:
Outbound port load weights=outbound port bandwidth weighted value+outbound port flow load weighted value
1, outbound port bandwidth weighted value can adopt following method to calculate:
Outbound port bandwidth weighted value=INT (outbound port bandwidth million numbers/100), for example the outbound port bandwidth weighted value of gigabit Ethernet mouth is 10, and the outbound port bandwidth weighted value of 622MATM port is 6.
2, outbound port flow load weighted value can adopt following method to calculate:
Outbound port flow load weighted value=(1) * (bandwidth usage weighted value+overload packet loss weighted value+port status deexcitation weighted value)
Coefficient in the formula (1) shows that this Several Factors is opposite to the weighting effect, in fact just subtracts power.
1) the bandwidth usage weighting can adopt following method to calculate:
Bandwidth usage weighted value=0 (bandwidth usage is lower than 20%)
Bandwidth usage weighted value=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * 0.2 (bandwidth usage is lower than 50%, is higher than 20%)
Bandwidth usage weighted value=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * 0.5 (bandwidth usage is lower than 80%, is higher than 50%)
Bandwidth usage weighted value=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * 0.8 (bandwidth usage is lower than 100%, is higher than 80%)
Bandwidth usage in the said method is defined as average discharge/port bandwidth, and wherein numeral 0.2,0.5,0.8 is the bandwidth usage weight coefficient.
2) overload packet loss weighted value can adopt following method to calculate:
Overload packet loss weighted value=0 (the overload packet loss is lower than 1%)
Overload packet loss weighted value=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * 0.5 (the overload packet loss is lower than 10%, is higher than 1%)
Overload packet loss weighted value=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * 0.9 (the overload packet loss is lower than 100%, is higher than 10%)
Overload packet loss in the said method is defined as transmission number of dropped packets/total transmission message number, and wherein numeral 0.5,0.9 is overload packet loss weight coefficient.Need to prove, bandwidth usage weight coefficient and overload packet loss weight coefficient given in the above-mentioned formula all are empirical values, the principle of determining coefficient is exactly to see that influence has muchly to the flow load ability of port for these data in the bracket, influences greatly more, and coefficient is high more.If positive influence, then influence is big more, and the flow load ability of port is big more, if negative influence, meeting multiplying factor-1 in the formula, influence is big more so, and then the flow load ability of port is more little.Consider that in addition most business are all very limited to the tolerance of packet loss, so overload packet loss weight coefficient increases very soon along with the increase of overload packet loss, the packet loss weight coefficient that just transships is not a linear relationship with the overload packet loss.
3) deexcitation of port means that port is unavailable fully, so port status deexcitation weighted value can adopt following method to calculate:
Port status deexcitation weighted value=0 (port status is for activating),
Port status deexcitation weighted value=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * 1 (port status is deexcitation), wherein numeral 1 is a port status deexcitation weight coefficient.
To sum up outbound port load weights appraisal procedure can be expressed as:
Outbound port load weights=outbound port bandwidth weighted value * (1-bandwidth usage weight coefficient-overload packet loss weight coefficient-port status deexcitation weight coefficient).
For example, for the situation that four load sharing routes are arranged, corresponding output port load weights evaluation status is as follows:
Port one: the gigabit mouth, 20% bandwidth usage, overload packet loss 0.5% activates.
Port two: the gigabit mouth, 80% bandwidth usage, overload packet loss 0.1% activates.
Port three: gigabit mouth, 0% bandwidth usage, overload packet loss 0%, un-activation.
Port four: the gigabit mouth, 10% bandwidth usage, overload packet loss 21% activates.
Be respectively with the outbound port load weights result of these four ports so as the load sharing route of outbound port:
Port one: (1000/100) * (1-0.2-0-0)=8
Port two: (1000/100) * (1-0.8-0-0)=2
Port three: (1000/100) * (1-0-0-1)=0
Port four: (1000/100) * (1-0-0.9-0)=1
If adopt weights first priority routing, just carry out the preferential route selecting method of selecting of high weight according to the size of outbound port load weights, this moment, port one was at first selected, and other port is not selected; Also can be according to the routing of weights probability, just the ratio according to some outbound port load weights and all outbound port load weights sums carries out the route selecting method that corresponding ratio is selected, the probability of choosing of so above four routes is respectively 8/11,2/11,0,1/11, not selected except port three, other port is all had an opportunity selected.
It is the situation of negative value that this method allows to occur outbound port load weights, it is generally acknowledged that at this moment port is unavailable, can be 0 with their weights equivalence.When the weights of route are identical, can adopt the several different methods such as Hash hash in the TOS territory of source IP address or purpose IP address Hash hash, IP message to carry out routing to the routing of these routes, or the simple way that adopts load on average to share is carried out routing.
Concrete parameter in the above-mentioned example for reference only is worth, and can according to circumstances adjust during practical application.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes port load weights to carry out the principle schematic of multiple port path selecting, what present most multibusiness exchanger and router device adopted all is that hardware is transmitted, consider the requirement of hardware surface speed forwarding and the restriction of hardware computing capability, generally all be to finish the port load evaluation by software, in the port table that the port load weights that draw thus need be searched to hardware by software upgrading, hardware carries out weights first priority routing and weights preference for probability routing according to port load weights.
Transmit the list item of route correspondence when being the message forwarding, having transmitted one is port index, just can find by port index and transmit corresponding port.Port table is the information table of port, has comprised the information such as flow information, bandwidth information, packet loss statistics, port status of port.During if the information of port table directly is included in and transmits, just do not needed port index.If hardware is transmitted is exactly that hardware is looked into and transmitted, and is exactly that software is looked into and transmitted if software is transmitted.
The all of the port table of software by timer cycle ground polling device (information such as flow information, bandwidth information, packet loss statistics, port status that has comprised port in the port table) also calculates the load weights of a polling cycle on the port according to port information, and these weights are kept in the port table.When message is transmitted, search pairing each port table of each route forwarding table, and carry out weights first priority routing or weights preference for probability routing according to the outbound port load weights in each port table.In order to reflect the situation of port load in real time, polling cycle can not be oversize, and the polling cycle of recommendation is 1～5 minute.
Multibusiness exchanger or router as the outlet of metropolitan area network convergence-level possess a plurality of physical ports that are connected with backbone network, share in the scheduling strategy that there are multichannel outlet routing in routing, FE trunk routing, QOS routing etc. carrying out routing load, can utilize the present invention to carry out routing.To share routing the same with routing load, FE trunk transmits at multiport example message, QOS is in multiport or multiqueue dispatching, when sending, message all between a plurality of outbound ports, select, and all to consider the flow load ability of different port when selecting, the source of both alternative outbound ports, the network layer difference of port only, the present invention can be suitable for equally.
Those skilled in the art do not break away from essence of the present invention and spirit, can there be the various deformation scheme to realize the present invention, the above only is the preferable feasible embodiment of the present invention, be not so limit to interest field of the present invention, the equivalence that all utilizations specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done changes, and all is contained within the interest field of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of multiple port path selecting method for network equipment is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
According to the bandwidth conditions and the flow load situation of port, the load state of each outbound port of the network equipment is assessed, draw the load state assessment result of each outbound port;
Carrying out business when transmitting, the load state assessment result of inquiring about each outbound port, and assessment result compared, preferentially select the big port of load capacity to carry out business forwarding.
2, multiple port path selecting method for network equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described port load state assessment result draws by the weights analysis, the bandwidth considerations of port load state and the value or the interval of flow load factor be will influence earlier and different sizes and positive and negative weights will be defined as, be weighted the port load weights that draw reflection port load state assessment result then, carry out routing according to port load weights.
3, multiple port path selecting method for network equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: when carrying out routing according to port load weights, adopt weights first priority routing, promptly according to the preferential port of selecting high weight of the size of port load weights; Or adopt weights preference for probability routing, i.e. the selection that comes this port is carried out corresponding ratio according to the ratio of some port load weights and all of the port load weights sum.
4, according to claim 2 or 3 described multiple port path selecting method for network equipment, it is characterized in that: described flow load factor comprises port bandwidth occupancy situation, port overload conditions and port activation situation.
5, multiple port path selecting method for network equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: earlier port bandwidth is defined as a certain port bandwidth weights; To bandwidth usage situation or port overload conditions, be different bandwidth usages or the different coefficient of overload packet loss section definition, the product of each coefficient and described port bandwidth weights is described bandwidth usage situation weights or port overload conditions weights.
6, multiple port path selecting method for network equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: when port was state of activation, definition port activation situation weights were 0; When port was deactivation status, definition port activation situation weights were negative port bandwidth weights.
7, multiple port path selecting method for network equipment according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: all of the port table of the timing cycle ground poll network equipment, calculate the load weights of a polling cycle on each outbound port according to the port information in the port table, and these weights are kept in the port table; When message is transmitted, search pairing each port table of each route forwarding table, and carry out routing according to the port load weights in each port table.
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