CN1858197A - Device for co-producing hydrogen and methane by biomass and solid organic waste fermenting method - Google Patents
Device for co-producing hydrogen and methane by biomass and solid organic waste fermenting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to chemical production apparatus, and especially apparatus for co-producing hydrogen and methane with biomass and solid organic waste and through fermentation. The apparatus includes a hydrolysis and acidifying reactor, a hydrogen generating organic acid reactor, methane generating reactor and material pumps connected together. The apparatus can reduce environmental pollution while producing clean energy source material, and has high energy source converting rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical production device, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of device that utilizes biomass and solid organic castoff fermentation method co-producing hydrogen and methane.
Background technology
Because hydrogen has very high energy density, products of combustion is a water, and does not have contaminative, so be a kind of ideal clean energy, the 21 century mankind will welcome " Hydrogen Energy economy ".Conventional hydrogen production process mainly is to extract from fossil oils such as Sweet natural gas, oil, coal or produce by water electrolysis method, needs to consume a large amount of fossil oil and energy, and produces a large amount of the pollution.Thereby the biological hydrogen production that at present many in the world countries drop into huge fund research is a biotechnology of utilizing the physiological metabolism effect decomposing organic matter generation hydrogen of microorganism, and it is a kind of renewable energy source that meets the strategy of sustainable development.Mainly be divided into photosynthetic method and fermentation method two big classes aspect the biological hydrogen production research at present, wherein fermentation method has advantages such as hydrogenogens kind growth velocity is fast, hydrogen production potential is high, reaction need not light source, fermentation bed material source is wide, so hydrogen and suitability for industrialized production are produced in easier realization continuously.
Present many cities have all produced a large amount of industry and domestic refuse, cause serious environmental to pollute.According to statistics in 1999, the solid waste that China's paper-making industry, textile industry, food, beverage and tobacco produce added up accumulating amount over the years and has reached 6,540,000 tons, more than 1,420,000 square metre of floor space, and annual production reaches about 800,000 tons.The domestic refuse volume of cargo in storage over the years that there are nearly 700 cities in China in 2000 reaches more than 60 hundred million tons, more than 500,000,000 square metre of floor space, and the rubbish annual production reaches about 1.5 hundred million tons, and annual rate increase with 8-10%.At present the whole nation existing more than 200 city has been absorbed in the serious situation that rubbish surrounds the city, how municipal solid wastes carried out the active demand that minimizing, innoxious and recycling become China's sustainable development of socio-economy.Organic composition accounts for 30-55% in the general domestic waste of China, water accounts 40-60%, and dirt accounts for 10-50%, and calorific value generally is lower than 4000kJ/kg.Along with Economic development, it is formed in and presents the water ratio reduction generally and the characteristics of organic compositions such as stationery, fabric, timber and plastics increase in recent years.The garbage sorting recovery has been realized in present many cities; all can carry out the mass-producing collection and treatment to a large amount of garbages every days such as many grains, vegetables, meat packing plant and selling market; and all kinds of hotels, restaurant, dining room and residential building etc. generally also all have special rubbish from cooking collection box; these degradable organic wastes are focused on, created favourable condition for its extensive recycling undoubtedly.Traditional city refuse landfill can produce a large amount of biogas under microbial process, be methane and CO more than 90% in the biogas that active landfill yard produces
2, still can produce greenhouse gases CO when but methane is used to burn
2, cause certain topsoil.Utilize biomass and solid organic castoff significant to the renewable energy source and the minimizing environmental pollution of development clean and effective with microbe fermentation method hydrogen manufacturing.
For the biomass and solid organic castoff that have a large capacity and a wide range in town and country, they are that undissolved carbohydrate, protein and lipoid are formed by the complicated macromole of three major types mainly, and the hydrogen process is produced in its anaerobic digestion can be divided into hydrolysis, acidifying and product hydrogen product acetate three phases.Because the complicacy of hydrogen process is produced in solid organic castoff degraded, there are three big difficult points in its ferment for hydrogen production: the energy transformation efficiency of (1) product hydrogen is low, only is methanogenic 40% as the energy transformation efficiency of animal manure fermentation and hydrogen production; (2) by product organic acid accumulation suppresses the biological degradation process, and acidification reaction will stop when the organic fatty acid concentration is accumulated to 13000-20000mg/L in the Gary domestic refuse fermenting process, and this moment solid organic matters vaporization rate still less than 4%; (3), need to seek and effectively to suppress the method that methanogen activates hydrogenogens simultaneously for anaerobic activated sludge.
Present domestic the application in the disclosed patent, there is report to utilize anaerobic activated sludge (Chinese patent application 92114474.1) to carry out the hydrogen manufacturing of organic waste water fermentation method, because anaerobic activated sludge does not pass through any processing, mainly control with the pH value, and contain anaerobic bacteriums such as a large amount of methanogens, hydrochloride reducing bacteria in the anaerobic activated sludge, these bacteriums can utilize hydrogen and survive, so the total amount of hydrogen has produced certain influence with reclaiming; And a kind of fermented liquid for biologically producing hydrogen (Chinese patent application 00105462.7) preparation method, its hydrolysis prepared the nutrient solution needs 1～4 month, and preparing fermented liquid simultaneously also needs 1～4 month, and required setup time is longer.Above-mentioned disclosed relevant patent all is to obtain H by fermentation method
2As target product, and the energy transformation efficiency that produces hydrogen merely lowly is a great problem that exists at present.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of device that utilizes biomass and solid organic castoff fermentation method co-producing hydrogen and methane, to significantly improve energy transformation efficiency.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides the device of a kind of biomass and solid organic castoff fermentation method co-producing hydrogen and methane, comprise that hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1, organic acid produce hydrogen reactor 3 and methane-producing reactor 6, hydrolysis is produced hydrogen reactor 3 tops with acidification reactor 1 bottom, product pump 2, organic acid product hydrogen reactor 3 bottoms, organic acid, product pump 5 is connected successively with methane-producing reactor 6 bottoms; Product pump 2 outlets link to each other with acidification reactor 1 top with hydrolysis, and product pump 4 outlets are produced hydrogen reactor 3 bottoms with organic acid and linked to each other; Organic acid produces hydrogen reactor 3 and methane-producing reactor 6 is up-flow reactor, and inside is provided with bed of packings respectively.
As a kind of improvement, described organic acid produces hydrogen reactor 3 and the methane-producing reactor 6 inner bed of packings that are provided with are granulated glass sphere bed of packings, and bed of packings is provided with porous plate up and down respectively.
As a kind of improvement, on described hydrolysis and the acidification reactor 1 thermometer and acidometer are installed.
As a kind of improvement, a product pump 9 connects the material inlet of hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1, and material inlet extends to inside reactor and connects a material feeder 7.
As a kind of improvement, described organic acid produces on the hydrogen reactor 3 thermometer and acidometer is installed.
As a kind of improvement, on the described methane-producing reactor 6 thermometer and acidometer are installed.
As a kind of improvement, a product pump 8 connects hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1 top and organic acid and produces hydrogen reactor 3 tops.
As a kind of improvement, described reactor head is provided with gas discharge outlet, and gas discharge outlet is provided with under meter respectively.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Device provided by the invention utilizes biomass and solid organic castoff to produce hydrogen, and the pollution that both can control environment has produced the novel clean energy again, greatly reduces the cost of hydrogen manufacturing.Apparatus of the present invention can be collected the small molecular organic acid liquid of fermentation and hydrogen production process remnants, continue fermentation behind the inoculation sarcina methanica and produce methane, thereby realize the joint process of hydrogen and methane.The energy transformation efficiency theoretical value of coproduction can be up to 89.0%, far above the energy transformation efficiency theoretical value 33.5% of simple product hydrogen.The actual energy transformation efficiency that obtains coproduction by experiment can be up to about 51.2%, far above the actual energy transformation efficiency about 19.3% of simple fermentation and hydrogen production.So adopt this joint process can make energy transformation efficiency and matrix utilization ratio all obtain breakthrough raising.
Device operational management provided by the invention is simple, with low cost, is easy to safeguard, dependable performance is stable.This equipment is applicable to the microorganism fermentation process of each biolobic material and solid organic castoff, both can efficiently handle waste, reduce its severe contamination environment, but the hydrogen of coproduction high density again and methane gas, can realize the recycling of waste, thereby turn waste into wealth.
Device provided by the invention has the very high fermentation co-producing hydrogen and the ability of methane gas, be fit to very much city refuse landfill, rural area biomass waste processing enter and all kinds of grain, food, vegetables, melon and fruit and meat packing plant etc. and carry out application, have good economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention schemas
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Device comprises that hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1, organic acid produce hydrogen reactor 3 and methane-producing reactor 6 in the present embodiment, and hydrolysis is produced hydrogen reactor 3 tops with acidification reactor 1 bottom, product pump 2, organic acid product hydrogen reactor 3 bottoms, organic acid, product pump 5 is connected successively with methane-producing reactor 6 bottoms; Product pump 2 outlets link to each other with acidification reactor 1 top with hydrolysis, and product pump 4 outlets are produced hydrogen reactor 3 bottoms with organic acid and linked to each other.On three reactors thermometer and acidometer are installed all.Reactor head is provided with gas discharge outlet, and gas discharge outlet is provided with under meter respectively.
A product pump 9 connects the material inlet of hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1, and material inlet extends to inside reactor and connects a material feeder 7.A product pump 8 connects hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1 top and product pump 4 inlets.
Organic acid produces hydrogen reactor 3 and methane-producing reactor 6 is up-flow reactor, and inside is provided with the granulated glass sphere bed of packings respectively, and bed of packings is provided with porous plate up and down respectively.
Valve all is set between reactor, the pump, is convenient to the adjusting process operation.
The operational process that installs in the present embodiment is as follows:
During startup, the anaerobic activated sludge of heat pre-treatment and substratum bed material are transported to hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1 top material inlet with product pump 9, and send in the reaction bed that is filled with biomass and solid organic castoff by material feeder 7.The complicated macromole organic matter of three classes does not promptly dissolve carbohydrate, protein and lipoid etc. and issues in the effect of extracellular enzyme at first that unboiled water is separated and acidization in this reaction bed, and acidifying becomes the small amount of H of pyruvic acid, short chain fatty acid and the gas phase of liquid phase under the acid-producing bacteria effect then
2, CO
2Deng.The temperature of utilizing thermometer control solid materials bed to be suitable for the bacterial strain metabolism, in time to extract from the bed top and collects fermentation gas about 37 ℃, can cause restraining effect to acidization to prevent hydrogen partial pressure Li Taigao.By product pump 2 organic acid solution that degraded obtains is carried out recirculation, improve the utilization ratio of bacterial strain in acid solution to improve the hydrogen rate of producing.
Because the organic acid salt accumulation can produce restraining effect to the acidification reaction process, therefore hydrolysis, acidization and acid solution being produced the hydrogen process is separated, the acidometer that adopts hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1 bottom to install detects organic acid concentration, and regularly the organic acid solution that accumulates in hydrolysis and the acidification reactor 1 is delivered to organic acid by product pump 2 and produce in the hydrogen reactor 3, make hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1 interior organic acid be discharged from when also reaching threshold concentration far away, guaranteed normally carrying out of solid materials acidization.
Produce in the hydrogen reactor 3 at organic acid, organic acid solution produces hydrogen and produces acetic acidreaction under the metabolism of its entrained hydrogenogens strain.The upflowing bed of packings that adopts not only can prolong the reaction times of acid solution bed material and bacterial strain, and can prevent effectively that bacterial strain runs off with the waste liquid blowdown.Produce the hydrogen that hydrogen reactor 3 tops obtain a large amount of high densitys at organic acid, and the organic acid solution of outlet can be recycled to the bottom inlet that organic acid produces hydrogen reactor 3 by product pump 4, perhaps is recycled to the top inlet of hydrolysis and acidification reactor 1 by product pump 8.
For realizing high energy transformation efficiency, organic acid is produced the small molecular organic acid liquid that is rich in acetate that produces hydrogen process remnants in the hydrogen reactor 3 by fermentation to be transferred in the methane-producing reactor 6, send into simultaneously and have a liking for the acetate sarcina methanica, continue to finish methanogenic process as substrate with the small molecular organic acid of remnants by product pump 5.The terminal residual solution of methane-producing reactor 6 outlets is carried out recirculation at this bed self,, and increase the reaction times to improve methane production with the utilization ratio of raising organic acid solution and methanogen.Thereby realized the joint process of hydrogen and methane, made the energy transformation efficiency of system and matrix utilization ratio all obtain breakthrough raising.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above examples of implementation, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, the device of a kind of biomass and solid organic castoff fermentation method co-producing hydrogen and methane, comprise that hydrolysis and acidification reactor (1), organic acid produce hydrogen reactor (3) and methane-producing reactor (6), hydrolysis is produced hydrogen reactor (3) bottom with acidification reactor (1) bottom, product pump (2), organic acid, organic acid produces hydrogen reactor (3) top, product pump (5) and methane-producing reactor (6) bottom and is connected successively; Product pump (2) outlet links to each other with acidification reactor (1) top with hydrolysis, and product pump (4) outlet is produced hydrogen reactor (3) bottom with organic acid and linked to each other; Organic acid produces hydrogen reactor (3) and methane-producing reactor (6) is up-flow reactor, and inside is provided with bed of packings respectively.
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 2, described organic acid produces hydrogen reactor (3) and the inner bed of packings that is provided with of methane-producing reactor (6) is the granulated glass sphere bed of packings, bed of packings is provided with porous plate up and down respectively.
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 3, described hydrolysis and acidification reactor are equipped with thermometer and acidometer on (1).
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 4, a product pump (9) connects the material inlet of hydrolysis and acidification reactor (1), material inlet extends to inside reactor and connects a material feeder (7).
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 5, described organic acid produces on the hydrogen reactor (3) thermometer and acidometer are installed.
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 6, described methane-producing reactor is equipped with thermometer and acidometer on (6).
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 7, a product pump (8) connects hydrolysis and acidification reactor (1) top and organic acid and produces hydrogen reactor (3) top.
According to the device of described co-producing hydrogen of claim 1 and methane, it is characterized in that 8, described reactor head is provided with gas discharge outlet, gas discharge outlet is provided with under meter respectively.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007063091A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Right-Way-Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device to produce biogas with high methane rate, by dosingly supplying hydrogen-producing bacteria, which are cultured in hydrogen and methane fermenter, and dosingly introducing gaseous hydrogen into methane fermenter |
| CN101624564B (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2012-03-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Biomass energy generation device suitable for use in cold region. |
| CN101711229B (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2012-04-25 | 丽格诺新创有限公司 | Concurrent anaerobic digestion and fermentation of lignocellulosic feedstocks |
| CN102719354A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-10-10 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Solid organic waste aerobic fermentation reactor |
| CN102864073A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-09 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Device for dry and wet co-production of hydrogen and methane by using kitchen garbage and using method thereof |
| CN103421678A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-04 | 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 | System for preparing mixed hydrogen alkane by biomass fermentation and production method |
| CN104004791A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江工商大学 | Coupled two-phase anaerobic kitchen garbage strengthening treatment method combining microbial electrolysis cell and microbial cell and device |
| CN102300977B (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2015-07-22 | 西安大略大学 | Integrated system for hydrogen and methane production from industrial organic wastes and biomass |
| CN108485945A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-04 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of reaction system suitable for organic solid castoff recycling |
| CN109609352A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-12 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of system and production method of biomass ferment hydrogen manufacturing methane |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102277388B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-11-06 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Coproduction method and device of hydrogen and electricity by organic wastes |
| CN102286537B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Two-step biological hydrogen production method by using organic waste and device thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-03-20 CN CNB2006100499072A patent/CN100532531C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101711229B (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2012-04-25 | 丽格诺新创有限公司 | Concurrent anaerobic digestion and fermentation of lignocellulosic feedstocks |
| DE102007063091A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Right-Way-Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device to produce biogas with high methane rate, by dosingly supplying hydrogen-producing bacteria, which are cultured in hydrogen and methane fermenter, and dosingly introducing gaseous hydrogen into methane fermenter |
| CN102300977B (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2015-07-22 | 西安大略大学 | Integrated system for hydrogen and methane production from industrial organic wastes and biomass |
| CN101624564B (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2012-03-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Biomass energy generation device suitable for use in cold region. |
| CN103421678A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-04 | 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 | System for preparing mixed hydrogen alkane by biomass fermentation and production method |
| CN102719354A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-10-10 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Solid organic waste aerobic fermentation reactor |
| CN102864073A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-09 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Device for dry and wet co-production of hydrogen and methane by using kitchen garbage and using method thereof |
| CN102864073B (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-02-19 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Device for dry and wet co-production of hydrogen and methane by using kitchen garbage and using method thereof |
| CN104004791A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江工商大学 | Coupled two-phase anaerobic kitchen garbage strengthening treatment method combining microbial electrolysis cell and microbial cell and device |
| CN108485945A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-04 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of reaction system suitable for organic solid castoff recycling |
| CN109609352A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-12 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of system and production method of biomass ferment hydrogen manufacturing methane |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100532531C (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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