CN1858175A - Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process - Google Patents

Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1858175A
CN1858175A CN 200610013390 CN200610013390A CN1858175A CN 1858175 A CN1858175 A CN 1858175A CN 200610013390 CN200610013390 CN 200610013390 CN 200610013390 A CN200610013390 A CN 200610013390A CN 1858175 A CN1858175 A CN 1858175A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
grape
wine
clarification
sweet white
italian riesling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN 200610013390
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN100413952C (en
Inventor
王树生
张春娅
尹吉泰
吕文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sino French Joint Venture Dynasty Winery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sino French Joint Venture Dynasty Winery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sino French Joint Venture Dynasty Winery Co Ltd filed Critical Sino French Joint Venture Dynasty Winery Co Ltd
Priority to CNB2006100133901A priority Critical patent/CN100413952C/en
Publication of CN1858175A publication Critical patent/CN1858175A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100413952C publication Critical patent/CN100413952C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

The sweet white grape wine brewed with Guirenxiang grape has the physical and chemical indexes of: alcohol content 16 +/- 1.0 vol%, total sugar 170-190g/L, total acidity 7.0-9.0g/L, free SO2 30-50 mg/L, total SO2 less than 200 mg/L and volatile acid less than 1.5 g/L. It is brewed with Guirenxiang grape juice as material, and through squeezing, clarifying, freezing, concentrating, fermenting, blending, ageing, sterilizing, filtering and packing. The sweet white grape is sweet and sour, spicy, and with rich nutrients and health functions.

Description

A kind of sweet white wine and making method thereof with the brew of Italian Riesling's grape
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grape wine and making method thereof, particularly a kind of sweet white wine and making method thereof with the brew of Italian Riesling's grape.
(2) background technology
The domestic market sweet white wine is all converted to make with the Dry white wine sugaring basically and is formed at present, and mouthfeel is thin fineless and smooth, lack strong mellow ageing aroma, and kind is less relatively, can not satisfy the growing demand of people.
(3) summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sweet white wine and making method thereof, for people provide the sweet white wine that a kind of aroma is strong, local flavor is mellow and nutritious with the brew of Italian Riesling's grape.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of sweet white wine with the brew of Italian Riesling's grape, it is characterized in that: physical and chemical index is: alcoholic strength 16 ± 1.0%V/V, total reducing sugar 170-190g/L, total acidity 7.0-9.0g/L, free SO 230-50mg/L, Total sulfur dioxide are less than 200mg/L, and volatile acid is less than 1.5g/L.
A kind of making method of using the sweet white wine of Italian Riesling's grape brew, it is characterized in that: adopt 100% full juice of Italian Riesling's grape to make raw material, its technical process is: Italian Riesling's grape material-sorting-squeezing-clarification-adding sulfurous acid adjustment content of sulfur dioxide-adding polygalacturonase clarification-freeze concentration-adding yeast fermentation-wine mud separation naturally-blend allotment alcoholic strength-ageing-clarification-freezing treatment-Sterile Filtration-pressurize can-finished product warehouse-in with the former wine of brandy.
The above-mentioned making method of using the sweet white wine of Italian Riesling's grape brew is characterized in that processing condition are:
1) to the specification of quality and the squeezing process of Italian Riesling's grape: by postponing collection period, make the spontaneous evaporation of grape moisture, pol 〉=220g/L, and anosis fruit do not have mould decayed fruit, and no pesticidal contamination really; Qualified grape is squeezed as early as possible, squeeze the juice after cool-heat-exchanger is cooled to 10-15 ℃, be input in the nature settling tank by pipe special again;
2) natural clarification process: the sulfurous acid with food grade concentration 6% when Sucus Vitis viniferae is gone into jar is adjusted into 30mg/L~50mg/L with content of sulfur dioxide; Naturally clarifying temperature is controlled at 12-16 ℃, and separate the clarification back, and isolated Sucus Vitis viniferae enters the polygalacturonase settling tank;
3) polygalacturonase clarification process: controlled temperature is at 12-16 ℃, and the addition of polygalacturonase is 1-2g/HL (a gram/hectolitre), and separate the clarification back, and isolated Sucus Vitis viniferae enters freezing insulation jar;
4) technology for freeze concentration: the Sucus Vitis viniferae freeze concentration is separated inspissated juice and ice wine with dregs to pol 360-380g/L, and inspissated juice changes over to be waited in the fermentor tank to ferment;
5) zymotechnique: the yeast consumption is 20-40g/HL, activates dry yeast 20-30 minute with 38-40 ℃ of warm water dissolving of 10 times of amounts; Yeast juice after the activation is carried out enlarged culturing twice, insert in the grape inspissated juice then and mix; Controlled temperature is 18-20 ℃, when fermenting to alcoholic strength 10 ± 1%v/v, pol 190-210g/L, adds SO 2Make free SO 2Content reaches 30-50mg/L, and cooling stops fermentation; Normal temperature leaves standstill and separates wine mud after 10-15 days, obtains the sweet white raw wine of Italian Riesling;
6) blend allotment: with the former wine of brandy the alcoholic strength of the sweet white raw wine of Italian Riesling is adjusted to 16 ± 1.0%v/v by 10 ± 1%v/v, obtain the sweet white former wine of Italian Riesling;
7) aging process: the sweet white former wine of Italian Riesling poured into carry out ageing in the oak barrel, 12-17 ℃ of temperature control, the EnologistWinemaker tasted once in per 30 days, until reaching the ageing requirement;
8) clarifying treatment: the amount of pressing 0.5-1.0g/L adds bentonite, leaves standstill 7-10 days, treats that after the wine clarification be that available diatomite filter filters;
9) freezing treatment: undertaken freezingly by the temperature of 0.5-1.0 degree on the freezing point, be incubated and filter after 5-7 days;
10) can finished product: detect wine body clarity, stability before the can, adjust free SO 2Content is 30-50mg/L, after Sterile Filtration, and can and packing warehouse-in.
Product of the present invention belongs to high-grade ageing type sweet white wine, has sophisticated grape berry and wooden barrel perfume (or spice), and sweet spiciness is strongly fragrant, sour-sweet moderate, and nutritious, has nourishing function preferably.
Making method of the present invention has unique technical process of brewageing sweet white wine, and is scientific and reasonable, simple and easy to control, but mass mechanized production.
(4) embodiment
Embodiment: a kind of making method of using the sweet white wine of Italian Riesling's grape brew, adopt 100% full juice of Italian Riesling's grape to make raw material, its technical process is: Italian Riesling's grape material-sorting-squeezing-clarification-adding sulfurous acid adjustment content of sulfur dioxide-adding polygalacturonase clarification-freeze concentration-adding yeast fermentation-wine mud separation naturally-blend allotment alcoholic strength-ageing-clarification-freezing treatment-Sterile Filtration-pressurize can-finished product warehouse-in with the former wine of brandy; Its processing condition are:
1) to the specification of quality and the squeezing process of Italian Riesling's grape: by postponing collection period, make the spontaneous evaporation of grape moisture, pol is 230g/L, and anosis fruit, does not have mould decayed fruit, and no pesticidal contamination really; Qualified grape is squeezed as early as possible, squeeze the juice after cool-heat-exchanger is cooled to 12 ℃, be input in the nature settling tank by pipe special again;
2) natural clarification process: the sulfurous acid with food grade concentration 6% when Sucus Vitis viniferae is gone into jar is adjusted into 40mg/L with content of sulfur dioxide; Naturally clarifying temperature is controlled at 12-16 ℃, and separate the clarification back, and isolated Sucus Vitis viniferae enters the polygalacturonase settling tank;
3) polygalacturonase clarification process: controlled temperature is at 12-16 ℃, and the addition of polygalacturonase is 2g/HL (a gram/hectolitre), and separate the clarification back, and isolated Sucus Vitis viniferae enters freezing insulation jar;
4) technology for freeze concentration: the Sucus Vitis viniferae freeze concentration is separated inspissated juice and ice wine with dregs to pol 370g/L, and inspissated juice changes over to be waited in the fermentor tank to ferment;
5) zymotechnique: the yeast consumption is 20g/HL, activates dry yeast 30 minutes with 38-40 ℃ of warm water dissolving of 10 times of amounts; Yeast juice after the activation is carried out enlarged culturing twice, insert in the grape inspissated juice then and mix; Controlled temperature is 18-20 ℃, ferment to alcoholic strength 10%v/v, pol when the 200g/L, add SO 2Make free SO 2Content reaches 40mg/L and cooling stops fermentation; Normal temperature leaves standstill and separates wine mud after 10 days, obtains the sweet white former wine of Italian Riesling;
6) blend allotment: with the former wine of brandy the alcoholic strength of the sweet white raw wine of Italian Riesling is adjusted to 16%v/v by 10%v/v, obtain the sweet white former wine of Italian Riesling;
7) aging process: sweet white former wine poured into carry out ageing in the oak barrel, temperature is controlled to be 12-17 ℃, and the EnologistWinemaker tasted once in per 30 days, until reaching the ageing requirement;
8) clarifying treatment: the amount of pressing 0.6g/L adds bentonite, leaves standstill 10 days, treats that after the wine clarification be that available diatomite filter filters;
9) freezing treatment: the temperature by 0.5 degree on the freezing point is carried out freezingly, is incubated and filters after 7 days;
10) can finished product: detect wine body clarity, stability before the can, adjust free SO 2Content is to 40mg/L, and after Sterile Filtration, can and packing are put in storage.
By the sweet white wine of above-mentioned making method brew, its physical and chemical index is: alcoholic strength 15.8%V/V, total reducing sugar 177g/L, total acidity 7.9g/L, free SO 243mg/L, Total sulfur dioxide 143mg/L, volatile acid 1.2g/L.

Claims (3)

1. sweet white wine with the brew of Italian Riesling's grape, it is characterized in that: physical and chemical index is: alcoholic strength 16 ± 1.0%V/V, total reducing sugar 170-190g/L, total acidity 7.0-9.0g/L, free SO 230-50mg/L, Total sulfur dioxide are less than 200mg/L, and volatile acid is less than 1.5g/L.
2. making method with the sweet white wine of Italian Riesling's grape brew, it is characterized in that: adopt 100% full juice of Italian Riesling's grape to make raw material, its technical process is: Italian Riesling's grape material-sorting-squeezing-clarification-adding sulfurous acid adjustment content of sulfur dioxide-adding polygalacturonase clarification-freeze concentration-adding yeast fermentation-wine mud separation naturally-blend allotment alcoholic strength-ageing-clarification-freezing treatment-Sterile Filtration-pressurize can-finished product warehouse-in with the former wine of brandy.
3. according to the described making method of using the sweet white wine of Italian Riesling's grape brew of claim 2, it is characterized in that processing condition are:
1) to the specification of quality and the squeezing process of Italian Riesling's grape: by postponing collection period, make the spontaneous evaporation of grape moisture, pol 〉=220g/L, and anosis fruit do not have mould decayed fruit, and no pesticidal contamination really; Qualified grape is squeezed as early as possible, squeeze the juice after cool-heat-exchanger is cooled to 10-15 ℃, be input in the nature settling tank by pipe special again;
2) natural clarification process: the sulfurous acid with food grade concentration 6% when Sucus Vitis viniferae is gone into jar is adjusted into 30mg/L~50mg/L with content of sulfur dioxide; Naturally clarifying temperature is controlled at 12-16 ℃, and separate the clarification back, and isolated Sucus Vitis viniferae enters the polygalacturonase settling tank;
3) polygalacturonase clarification process: controlled temperature is at 12-16 ℃, and the addition of polygalacturonase is 1-2g/HL, and separate the clarification back, and isolated Sucus Vitis viniferae enters freezing insulation jar;
4) technology for freeze concentration: the Sucus Vitis viniferae freeze concentration is separated inspissated juice and ice wine with dregs to pol 360-380g/L, and inspissated juice changes over to be waited in the fermentor tank to ferment;
5) zymotechnique: the yeast consumption is 20-40g/HL, activates dry yeast 20-30 minute with 38-40 ℃ of warm water dissolving of 10 times of amounts; Yeast juice after the activation is carried out enlarged culturing twice, insert in the grape inspissated juice then and mix; Controlled temperature is 18-20 ℃, when fermenting to alcoholic strength 10 ± 1%v/v, pol 190-210g/L, adds SO 2Make free SO 2Content reaches 30-50mg/L, and cooling stops fermentation; Normal temperature leaves standstill and separates wine mud after 10-15 days, obtains the sweet white raw wine of Italian Riesling;
6) blend allotment: with the former wine of brandy the alcoholic strength of the sweet white raw wine of Italian Riesling is adjusted to 16 ± 1.0%v/v by 10 ± 1%v/v, obtain the sweet white former wine of Italian Riesling;
7) aging process: the sweet white former wine of Italian Riesling poured into carry out ageing in the oak barrel, 12-17 ℃ of temperature control, the EnologistWinemaker tasted once in per 30 days, until reaching the ageing requirement;
8) clarifying treatment: the amount of pressing 0.5-1.0g/L adds bentonite, leaves standstill 7-10 days, treats that after the wine clarification be that available diatomite filter filters;
9) freezing treatment: undertaken freezingly by the temperature of 0.5-1.0 degree on the freezing point, be incubated and filter after 5-7 days;
10) can finished product: detect wine body clarity, stability before the can, adjust free SO 2Content is 30-50mg/L, after Sterile Filtration, and can and packing warehouse-in.
CNB2006100133901A 2006-03-29 2006-03-29 Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process Expired - Fee Related CN100413952C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2006100133901A CN100413952C (en) 2006-03-29 2006-03-29 Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2006100133901A CN100413952C (en) 2006-03-29 2006-03-29 Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1858175A true CN1858175A (en) 2006-11-08
CN100413952C CN100413952C (en) 2008-08-27

Family

ID=37297133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB2006100133901A Expired - Fee Related CN100413952C (en) 2006-03-29 2006-03-29 Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100413952C (en)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101058783B (en) * 2007-05-31 2010-06-09 中国长城葡萄酒有限公司 Method of preparing high-grade traminer sweet white grape wine
CN102168001A (en) * 2011-03-07 2011-08-31 广夏(银川)贺兰山葡萄酿酒有限公司 Process for brewing high-grade dry botrytis sweet white wine
CN102533487A (en) * 2012-02-24 2012-07-04 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Production method for muscat non-natural frozen wine
CN102533484A (en) * 2012-02-24 2012-07-04 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Method for increasing sugar degree of grape juice in white grape wine producing process
CN102676329A (en) * 2012-04-25 2012-09-19 甘肃紫轩酒业有限公司 Process for brewing fortified grape wine by using amur grape
CN101381659B (en) * 2008-07-25 2013-07-17 吐鲁番市驼铃酒业有限公司 Air-dry grape wine and brewing method thereof
CN103468453A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Air-dried rose fragrant and sweet white wine and brewing method thereof
CN103966039A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-08-06 宁夏林业研究所股份有限公司 Brewing process of natural sweet grape wine
CN104099205A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-15 吐鲁番楼兰酒业有限公司 Sweet white wine and preparation method thereof
CN104694317A (en) * 2015-04-10 2015-06-10 烟台御任葡萄酿酒有限公司 Wine fermentation technology
CN106047544A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-10-26 安徽省怀远县亚太石榴酒有限公司 Brewing method of elegant and gentle type wine
CN106995761A (en) * 2017-05-27 2017-08-01 威龙葡萄酒股份有限公司 A kind of sweet wine brewing method
CN108949453A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-07 天津农学院 A kind of preparation method of perfuming type persimmon sweet wine
CN110117514A (en) * 2019-05-21 2019-08-13 宁夏迦南美地酒庄有限公司 Half-dried semi-sweet wine brewage process
CN110564538A (en) * 2019-10-30 2019-12-13 甄品味食品科技河北有限公司 Tea-flavored sweet white wine and brewing process thereof
CN112646673A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-13 山东省葡萄研究院 Preparation method of Guirenxiang grape noble rot wine
CN113186051A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-30 吐鲁番楼兰酒庄股份有限公司 Bai Shi nan Li kou wine and preparation method thereof
CN113736594A (en) * 2021-10-20 2021-12-03 湖南粟园酒庄有限责任公司 Preparation method of sweet white wine
CN114672389A (en) * 2022-03-15 2022-06-28 新疆乡都酒业有限公司 Health-preserving brandy and preparation method thereof

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1128796A (en) * 1995-11-17 1996-08-14 西北农业大学葡萄酒学院 Method for brewing white grape wine
CN100389185C (en) * 2003-06-11 2008-05-21 烟台张裕集团有限公司 Dry white wine and its brewing process

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101058783B (en) * 2007-05-31 2010-06-09 中国长城葡萄酒有限公司 Method of preparing high-grade traminer sweet white grape wine
CN101381659B (en) * 2008-07-25 2013-07-17 吐鲁番市驼铃酒业有限公司 Air-dry grape wine and brewing method thereof
CN102168001A (en) * 2011-03-07 2011-08-31 广夏(银川)贺兰山葡萄酿酒有限公司 Process for brewing high-grade dry botrytis sweet white wine
CN102168001B (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-11-28 广夏(银川)贺兰山葡萄酿酒有限公司 Process for brewing high-grade dry botrytis sweet white wine
CN102533487A (en) * 2012-02-24 2012-07-04 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Production method for muscat non-natural frozen wine
CN102533484A (en) * 2012-02-24 2012-07-04 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Method for increasing sugar degree of grape juice in white grape wine producing process
CN102533484B (en) * 2012-02-24 2014-09-10 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Method for increasing sugar degree of grape juice in white grape wine producing process
CN102676329A (en) * 2012-04-25 2012-09-19 甘肃紫轩酒业有限公司 Process for brewing fortified grape wine by using amur grape
CN103468453A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 Air-dried rose fragrant and sweet white wine and brewing method thereof
CN103966039B (en) * 2014-05-09 2015-07-08 宁夏林业研究所股份有限公司 Brewing process of natural sweet grape wine
CN103966039A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-08-06 宁夏林业研究所股份有限公司 Brewing process of natural sweet grape wine
CN104099205A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-15 吐鲁番楼兰酒业有限公司 Sweet white wine and preparation method thereof
CN104694317A (en) * 2015-04-10 2015-06-10 烟台御任葡萄酿酒有限公司 Wine fermentation technology
CN104694317B (en) * 2015-04-10 2017-03-01 烟台御任葡萄酿酒有限公司 A kind of fermentation technology of wine
CN106047544A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-10-26 安徽省怀远县亚太石榴酒有限公司 Brewing method of elegant and gentle type wine
CN106995761A (en) * 2017-05-27 2017-08-01 威龙葡萄酒股份有限公司 A kind of sweet wine brewing method
CN108949453A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-07 天津农学院 A kind of preparation method of perfuming type persimmon sweet wine
CN110117514A (en) * 2019-05-21 2019-08-13 宁夏迦南美地酒庄有限公司 Half-dried semi-sweet wine brewage process
CN110564538A (en) * 2019-10-30 2019-12-13 甄品味食品科技河北有限公司 Tea-flavored sweet white wine and brewing process thereof
CN112646673A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-13 山东省葡萄研究院 Preparation method of Guirenxiang grape noble rot wine
CN113186051A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-30 吐鲁番楼兰酒庄股份有限公司 Bai Shi nan Li kou wine and preparation method thereof
CN113736594A (en) * 2021-10-20 2021-12-03 湖南粟园酒庄有限责任公司 Preparation method of sweet white wine
CN114672389A (en) * 2022-03-15 2022-06-28 新疆乡都酒业有限公司 Health-preserving brandy and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100413952C (en) 2008-08-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100413952C (en) Sweet white grape wine brewed with guirenxiang grape and its brewing process
CN105838557B (en) A kind of preparation method of low sugar Hawthorn Fruit Wine
CN103320249B (en) Sparkling wine and brewing method thereof
CN1240824C (en) Dry or semidry type litchi wine and its production method
CN101735912A (en) Preparation method of Sauvignon Blanc dry white wine
CN100430466C (en) Wine of longan, and brewing method
CN1858176A (en) Rose fragrance low alcohol bubbling pink grape wine and its brewing process
CN101033440A (en) Technique for producing waxberry brandy
CN1840635A (en) Method for preparation of lychee wine by freeze concentration and ultralow temperature fermentation
CN1737097A (en) Wine of low or free alcohol and its brewing method
CN102559470A (en) Vitis amurensis fermented vinegar and production method thereof
CN102212431B (en) Productive technology for ice red grape wine
CN1900252A (en) Lichee spirit and its producing method
CN104388230A (en) Fruit fragrance enriched muscat hamburg low-alcohol grape wine and brewing process thereof
CN101058783A (en) Method of preparing high-grade traminer sweet white grape wine
CN103333759A (en) Pinot Noir grape peach sparkling wine and brewing method of Pinot Noir grape peach sparkling wine
CN101045895A (en) Lemon brandy as distilled liquor and its prepn process
CN1958768A (en) Method for preparing fermentative apricotine
CN1858177A (en) Rose fragrance low alcohol bubbling white grape wine and its brewing process
CN1896214A (en) Processing method of calcium-fruit dried claret and its product thereof
CN1301325C (en) Fruit vinegar and its fermentation method and use
CN101805682A (en) Process for producing mandarin orange liqueur
CN109294817A (en) A kind of green plum fermented wine and preparation method thereof based on the fermentation of full fruit
CN109022193A (en) A kind of preparation method of the pink strawberry wine of dry type
CN112126544A (en) Brewing process of novel cabernet sauvignon micro-bubble pink wine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20080827