CN1857885A - Method of decreasing free formaldehyde in artificial plate with rice straw - Google Patents
Method of decreasing free formaldehyde in artificial plate with rice straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN1857885A CN1857885A CN 200610039821 CN200610039821A CN1857885A CN 1857885 A CN1857885 A CN 1857885A CN 200610039821 CN200610039821 CN 200610039821 CN 200610039821 A CN200610039821 A CN 200610039821A CN 1857885 A CN1857885 A CN 1857885A
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Abstract
The method of decreasing free formaldehyde in artificial plate with rice straw is that during woody fiber plate and woody shaving plate production with UF as adhesive, rice straw fiber in 1%-50% is added to lower the formaldehyde release amount while meeting the plate strength requirement. Rice straw is water boiled and hot ground to form formaldehyde reducing rice fiber, which is added into woody fiber plate material for pressing composite straw-wood artificial plate with 0%-70% lowered formaldehyde release amount. The present invention has obvious environment benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of utilizing rice straw to reduce free formaldehyde in artificial plate, belongs to Wood-based Panel Production manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
The wood-based plate of Chu Shouing is bonded by the UF resin glue more than 80% in the market.Be widely used because the UF resin glue prepares simple, cheap, colourless, good water solubility, bonding strength is high.But UF resin glue each stage after making, use and solidifying all can discharge formaldehyde, causes indoor pollution even still have free formaldehyde to discharge after decorating processing.The method that tradition reduces artificial board formaldehyde burst size has physical method, chemical method, physics and chemical bond method.Concrete measure is a lot, mainly is to set forth the mechanism that formaldehyde reduces from adhesive modification, controlling of production process and finished product post-processed.
Described physical method is to use formaldehydeless or low aldehyde adhesive, can adopt low toxicity urea-formaldehyde glue (free formaldehyde content is less than 0.5%) or zero formaldehyde emission adhesive (as: carbimide adhesive) to replace common urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, reduce artificial board formaldehyde burst size effectively; Study suitable wood-based plate heat pressing process; Regulate the slab raw material,, mainly consider, reduce its influence as far as possible the burst size of methanal of wood-based plate from aspects such as the moisture content of seeds, content of bark, resin added, raw material form, raw material and the slab of timber, material matchings according to analysis of influential factors; Improve the wood-based plate storage environment, the environment temperature that the control production board is stored, relative humidity, and improve empty in the formaldehyde that all can reduce wood-based plate to a certain extent such as ventilation situation discharge.In addition, should select the banking system of stacking again after the cooling earlier; Sealing is handled, and in the production board post-processed, by sheet material is carried out " deep processings " such as veneer, edge sealing and top finishings, can obviously reduce the burst size of methanal in the wood-based plate.
Described chemical method is that Lauxite is carried out modification: UF glue is acid cure resin, hydrolysis minimum under neutrallty condition, thereby the formaldehyde that discharges is just few.If the pH value after the curing is reduced to about 7.0, formaldehyde is discharged reduce, and the resistance to water of glue also is greatly improved.The kind of curing agent and consumption also have certain influence to the burst size of methanal of particieboard, and curing agent commonly used is ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate; Add formaldehyde catching agent: the kind of formaldehyde catching agent is a lot, consider that the agent for capturing that added is wanted easily combine with formaldehyde and cheap, can combine with the chemical bond form with formaldehyde, thereby reduce artificial board formaldehyde burst size, so main organic and inorganic two classes of UF glue formaldehyde catching agent commonly used.Industrial formaldehyde catching agent commonly used mainly contains: urea, melamine, ethylenediamine, lignosulphonates, tannin etc.Wherein performance is good at lignosulphonates.
Described physics, chemical bond method are the adhesive modifications, and the formulation selection of improving Lauxite is taken into account the formaldehyde-urea mol ratio value (F/U) of the good adhesive property of low burst size of methanal and adhesive; The synthetic process conditions of control Lauxite: adopt secondary even repeatedly polycondensation method to produce the burst size of methanal that the UF resin glue can effectively reduce wood-based plate.Adopt and throw urine in batches reducing free formaldehyde content and promoting that resin structure rationally has certain effect.It is many more to drop into number of times, and favourable more to the free formaldehyde that reduces Lauxite, glueability is also good more; Improve the microstructure of resin: control the pH value of rational reaction temperature and reaction medium, can reduce the formation of unsettled dimethylene ehter bond and free methylol, improve the decomposition temperature of resin, and microcosmic keyed jointing reasonable structure; The slab post-processed is to comprise that ammonia treatment and amines spray two kinds of processing.The former is because formaldehyde can generate more stable hexamethylenetetramine with ammonia react.The latter is after wood-based plate is become a useful person when still uncolled, sprays with urea liquid and handles, and makes it and formolite reaction, generates nonpoisonous and tasteless novel substance, can reduce by 30%～50% burst size of methanal; The UV-irradiation processing method mainly is to utilize light-sensitive semiconductor material---nano titanium oxide absorbs sunlight middle-ultraviolet lamp luminous energy and presents the characteristic of powerful decomposition, absorbs formaldehyde molecule free in slab and the air.
Though in order to reduce artificial board formaldehyde burst size certain actual effect is arranged, also there are shortcoming separately in above-mentioned three kinds of traditional physics, chemistry, physics and chemically combined method.The reduction amplitude of the PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) burst size of putting it briefly does not reach gratifying degree, and required manufacturing procedure is too complicated, processing cost is high excessively.Especially after new formaldehyde limitation standard was announced, the wood-based plate producer that production is met this standard-required had proposed more acid test.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of rice straw and fall the aldehyde method, it can effectively overcome low, the required manufacturing procedure complexity of the existing reduction burst size of methanal of conventional method amplitude, processing cost is crossed high defective.
Technical solution of the present invention: rice straw falls the aldehyde method and is meant in wood fibre board, wooden flake board are produced, with the UF resin is adhesive, is implemented in by the rice straw fiber that adds 1%-50% in wood fiber raw material and reduces burst size of methanal in the production board under the prerequisite that satisfies into plate intensity substantially.
Main feature of the present invention is to utilize non-wood material---rice straw itself, and making the reducing aldehyde of artificial board agent by poach, defibrator process technology is rice-straw fibre, joins in the wood fiber raw material, is pressed into the vegetation composite artificial board.The purer wood-fiber board of burst size of methanal amplitude reduces 0%-70%.It is simple that this falls aldehyde method operation, processing cost is low, again because of having replaced the part wood raw material with rice straw in the raw material, both can reach and solve China's wood raw material situation in short supply, be again the use of further effectively promoting agricultural crop straw, environmental pollution and the reduction artificial board formaldehyde burst size that the minimizing agricultural crop straw causes, have remarkable economic efficiency and environmental benefit.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1-a is different vegetation proportioning MDF burst size of methanal
Accompanying drawing 1-b is the influence of vegetation proportioning to compound MDF internal bond strength
Accompanying drawing 1-c is the influence of vegetation proportioning to two hours thickness swelling rates of compound MDF
Accompanying drawing 1-d is the influence of vegetation proportioning to compound MDF MOR
Accompanying drawing 1-e is the influence of vegetation proportioning to compound MDF bending resistance elastic modelling quantity
Accompanying drawing 2-a is different vegetation proportioning MDF burst size of methanal
Accompanying drawing 2b is the influences of different vegetation proportionings to compound MDF internal bond strength
Accompanying drawing 2c is the influences of different vegetation proportionings to MDF2 hour imbibition thickness
Accompanying drawing 2d is the influences of different vegetation proportionings to compound MDF MOR
Accompanying drawing 2e is the influence that different vegetation proportionings are measured MDF bending resistance springform
A among the figure is that pure wood, B are careless stalk fibres: wood fibre=20: 40, C are careless stalk fibres: wood fibre=30: 70, D are careless stalk fibres: wood fibre=50: 50.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Production wood fibre board is an adhesive with the UF resin, and resin added 11% adds accounting for 20%, 30%, 50% rice straw fiber, and adopting temperature in the production technology is 170 ℃, and hot pressing time is 45sec/mm, and suitable experiment parameter is as follows:
Target density: 0.80g/cm3;
Target thickness: 10mm;
Hot pressing temperature: 150-180 ℃;
Time coefficient: 20sec/mm;
Dried fibres moisture content: 8%;
Compacting slab size: 30mm * 30mm;
Adhesive consumption: 11%;
Adhesive rank: E2 level;
Hardener dose: 1%.
Adopt perforation extraction (iodimetric titration) to carry out burst size of methanal and measure, average result is shown in Fig. 1-a.The vegetation proportioning for be 20% o'clock be careless stalk fibre: wood fibre=1: 4 o'clock, the average absolute fall of burst size of methanal is about 37.7%; Rice straw fiber dosage is 30%,
Be careless stalk fibre: wood fibre=the absolute fall of burst size of methanal was about 7.47% in 3: 7 o'clock; When the vegetation proportioning is 50%, promptly careless stalk fibre: wood fibre=1: 1 o'clock, gone up to some extent by the visible average burst size of methanal of Fig. 1-a.But also a little less than the burst size of methanal of pure wood-fiber board.
Respectively four kinds of production boards are carried out physical and mechanical property and measure, result such as Fig. 1-b, Fig. 1-c Fig. 1-d and Fig. 1-e and shown in, the grass fiber addition is 50% when following, the requirement that can be up to state standards basically of institute's pressed sheet performance.Shown in Fig. 1-b is the influence to compound MDF internal bond strength of different vegetation proportioning, as can be seen, be unfavorable for the waxy substance and the organosilyl problem of gluing together because straw surface is rich, increasing along with the grass amount, the internal bond strength of compound MDF has the trend that reduces gradually, but under this heat pressing process, the vegetation proportioning is 20: 80 o'clock, and the average internal bond strength of compound MDF is suitable with the fine plate of pure wood.Same trend is also embodied on elastic modelling quantity MOE and the MOR MOR, shown in Fig. 1-d and Fig. 1-e.But because different on form, chemical property of rice-straw fibre and wood-fibred, Lauxite also exists certain difference to the adhesive action of two kinds of fibers.From Fig. 1-c as can be seen, the dosage of grass fiber has bigger influence to 2 hours water sucting thickness expansion TS of compound MDF.Because of the infiltration of grass fiber and water meets Xie Jiao about 90 degree, do not soak into substantially, so the thickness swelling rate of the big more sheet material of careless content is also high more.
Producing wooden flake board, is adhesive with the UF resin, and resin added is 12%, adds to account for 20%, 30%, 50% rice-straw fibre, and adopting temperature in the production technology is 170 ℃, and hot pressing time is 30sec/mm, and suitable experiment parameter is as follows:
Adopting temperature is 170 ℃, and hot pressing time is 30sec/mm, and experiment parameter is as follows:
Target density: 0.80g/cm3;
Target thickness: 10mm;
Hot pressing temperature: 150-180 ℃;
Time coefficient: 35sec/mm;
Dried fibres moisture content: 8%;
Compacting slab size: 30mm * 30mm;
Adhesive consumption: 12%;
Adhesive rank: E2 level;
Hardener dose: 1%.
Contrast accompanying drawing 2-a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e,
Adopt perforation extraction (acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione spectrophotometer method) to carry out burst size of methanal and measure, average result is shown in Fig. 2-a.
The vegetation proportioning for be 20% o'clock be careless stalk fibre: wood fibre=1: 4 o'clock, the average absolute fall of burst size of methanal is about 49%; Rice straw fiber dosage is 30%, promptly careless stalk fibre: wood fibre=the absolute fall of burst size of methanal was about 65.6% in 3: 7 o'clock; When the vegetation proportioning is 50%, promptly careless stalk fibre: wood fibre=1: 1 o'clock, gone up to some extent by the visible average burst size of methanal of Fig. 2-a.But also a little less than the burst size of methanal of pure wood-fiber board.
Respectively four kinds of production boards are carried out physical and mechanical property and measure, result such as Fig. 2 b, shown in Fig. 2 c Fig. 2 d and Fig. 2 e reach, similar to the result of embodiment 1.When the grass fiber addition 50% when following, the requirement that can be up to state standards basically of institute's pressed sheet performance.In the influence of vegetation proportioning to compound MDF internal bond strength, as can be seen, along with the adding of rice-straw fibre, the internal bond strength of compound MDF presents the trend of reduction, shown in Fig. 2 b.
Same trend is also embodied in elastic modelling quantity MOE and MOR MOR goes up shown in Fig. 2 d and Fig. 2 e.But at 20: 80 o'clock, elastic modelling quantity MOE and the MOR MOR of the compound MDF of vegetation slightly raise in the vegetation proportioning.
From Fig. 2 c as can be seen, the dosage of grass fiber is also influential to 2 hours water sucting thickness expansion TS of compound MDF.With the adding of rice-straw fibre, water sucting thickness expansion TS presents the trend that increases gradually.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of utilizing rice straw to reduce free formaldehyde in artificial plate is characterized in that with the UF resin be adhesive, adds the rice straw fiber that accounts for wood fiber raw material weight 1%-50% in wood fiber raw material.
2, a kind of method of utilizing rice straw to reduce free formaldehyde in artificial plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rice straw fiber is that rice straw is made by poach, defibrator process technology.
3, a kind of method of utilizing rice straw to reduce free formaldehyde in artificial plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in wood fiber raw material, adding and account for wood fiber raw material weight 20%, 30%, 50% rice straw fiber, adopting temperature in the production technology is 170 ℃, hot pressing time is 25-45sec/mm, and experiment parameter is as follows:
Target density: 0.80g/cm3;
Target thickness: 10mm;
Hot pressing temperature: 150-180 ℃;
Time coefficient: 20-35sec/mm;
Dried fibres moisture content: 8%;
Compacting slab size: 30mm * 30mm;
Adhesive consumption: 12%;
Adhesive rank: E2 level;
Hardener dose: 1%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200610039821 CN1857885A (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2006-04-24 | Method of decreasing free formaldehyde in artificial plate with rice straw |
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| CN 200610039821 CN1857885A (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2006-04-24 | Method of decreasing free formaldehyde in artificial plate with rice straw |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102581918A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-18 | 湖南省中科农业有限公司 | Ecological plate made of straws and forestal residues and method for preparing ecological plate |
| CN106272868A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 辽宁蓝亿实业有限公司 | A kind of straw replaces the method that the part wood fiber makes environment-friendly type medium-density plate |
| CN110900778A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-24 | 清华大学 | Plant fiber artificial board and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-04-24 CN CN 200610039821 patent/CN1857885A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102581918A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-18 | 湖南省中科农业有限公司 | Ecological plate made of straws and forestal residues and method for preparing ecological plate |
| CN106272868A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 辽宁蓝亿实业有限公司 | A kind of straw replaces the method that the part wood fiber makes environment-friendly type medium-density plate |
| CN106272868B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2019-03-22 | 辽宁蓝亿实业有限公司 | A method of replace part wood-fibred to make environment-friendly type medium-density plate with straw |
| CN110900778A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-24 | 清华大学 | Plant fiber artificial board and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110900778B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-05-14 | 清华大学 | Plant fiber artificial board and preparation method and application thereof |
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