CN1855916A - Method and system for realizing virtual IP protocol - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing virtual IP protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN1855916A CN1855916A CNA2005100661005A CN200510066100A CN1855916A CN 1855916 A CN1855916 A CN 1855916A CN A2005100661005 A CNA2005100661005 A CN A2005100661005A CN 200510066100 A CN200510066100 A CN 200510066100A CN 1855916 A CN1855916 A CN 1855916A
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Abstract
A method and system to achieve the virtual internet protocol, the invention is: disposes the virtual IP address for the external presentation on each node, the main using node broadcasts the free ARP request of the all nodes of the local area network that the main using node in it, the free ARP request includes the virtual IP address and the MAC address of the node in order to inform the corresponding relations between the virtual IP address of each node and the physical address, thus the main node can respond the ARP request of the virtual IP address and processes the data that send to the virtual IP address. The advantages of the invention are: omits the NAT equipment; reduces the establishing and maintenance cost of the whole digital communication network; the effective switch processing reduces the breakdown switch time; the better extension according to the flexible structure of the main equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication and computer cluster technology, be meant a kind of method and system that in digital communications network, realize virtual IP protocol (IP) especially.
Background technology
For digital communications network, the business of multiple different application need be provided, to intelligent value-added service, from voice to data, integrated service such as image, these business all need to have high serviceability from general service.The business of high serviceability is often constructed in having the computer cluster system of high availability.
In computer cluster system, realize that professional high serviceability mainly is by increasing node, make a plurality of nodes be operated under the load sharing mode or under the main-standby mode, when use node failure, standby node is taken over the master and is continued to provide service with node when main.Because digital communications network makes the communication mode of node mainly be based on the communication of IP to the differentiation of complete IP network.When the master uses node failure, the main client with node of visit can continue to ask for service to main with the IP address of node, this will ask for perfection to take over node main provides service with same IP address during with node, like this, externally provide service method to be called virtual IP address (VIP) the shared IP address of a plurality of nodes.
At present, before each node, increase network address translation (NAT, Network AddressTranslation) equipment usually, the IP address of node is changed, make a plurality of nodes externally present a unified IP address, as shown in Figure 1 by NAT device.
Carrying out the IP address transition by NAT device needs extra increasing to be specifically designed to the network equipment of realizing network address translation function, the construction and the maintenance cost of whole digital communications network have so just been increased, and because the complexity of NAT device agreement and algorithm, often make the speed of NAT device conversion IP address be lower than network speed, like this, will form bottleneck at the NAT device place for high performance digital communications network.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that realizes virtual IP address, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system that realizes virtual IP address, reduces the construction and the maintenance cost of whole digital communications network.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of method that realizes virtual IP address, the virtual ip address that configuration externally presents on each node of active and standby structure, this method comprises: enter the main MAC Address that sends virtual ip address and this node with node node in the LAN of place of state, and main with node startup heartbeat transmission timer, in the time span of each heartbeat transmission timer, send heartbeat to standby node; The node that enters stand-by state starts the heartbeat detection timer, at the heartbeat detection timer expiry and when not receiving the main heartbeat that sends with node, enters the main state of using.
Describedly in the time span of each heartbeat transmission timer, send heartbeat and be: judge in the heartbeat transmission timer, whether to have sent heartbeat to standby node, if then send heartbeat to standby node to standby node; Otherwise, wait for that current heartbeat transmission timer is overtime, restart the heartbeat transmission timer as current heartbeat transmission timer.
Described startup heartbeat detection timer, at the heartbeat detection timer expiry and when not receiving the main heartbeat that sends with node, enter the main state of using, comprise: standby node judges whether receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat detection timer, if, then wait for current heartbeat detection timer expiry, restart the heartbeat detection timer as current heartbeat detection timer; Otherwise, enter the main state of using.
Described at the heartbeat detection timer expiry and when not receiving the main heartbeat that sends with node, enter and mainly further comprise before with state: standby node sends heartbeat request to main with node, and startup heartbeat request timer, whether judgement receives the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, if, then wait for current heartbeat detection timer expiry, restart the heartbeat detection timer as current heartbeat detection timer; Otherwise, enter the main state of using.
Describedly receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, further comprise with waiting between the current heartbeat detection timer expiry: whether standby node is judged to carry in the heartbeat of receiving and is mainly identified with abandoning, if then enter the main state of using; Otherwise, wait for current heartbeat detection timer expiry.
Described in the time span of each heartbeat transmission timer before standby node sends heartbeat, further comprise: mainly judge whether the heartbeat request of receiving that standby node sends, if then send heartbeat request to standby node with node; Otherwise, judge in the heartbeat transmission timer, whether to have sent heartbeat to standby node.
The priority of each node in the active and standby structure is set, and is the initial condition node if described node enters main with state or stand-by state before, and then this method further comprises: whether the priority of judging this node is the highest, if then node enters the main state of using; Otherwise node enters stand-by state.
The time span of described heartbeat transmission timer equates with the time span of described heartbeat detection timer; Or the length of described heartbeat transmission timer be the time span of described heartbeat detection timer and time offset and.
The priority of each node in the active and standby structure is set, described time offset is set according to the priority of node.
The priority of each node in the active and standby structure is set, this method further comprises: the main heartbeat that judges whether to receive standby node transmission with node, if, then continue to judge whether the priority of this node is higher than the priority of carrying in the heartbeat of receiving, if not, then node enters stand-by state by main with state.
If described active and standby structure is the 1+n backup architecture, the priority of each node in the 1+n backup architecture then is set, according to the priority of node described heartbeat request timer is set.
If described active and standby structure is the 1+n backup architecture, the priority of each node in the 1+n backup architecture then is set, this method further comprises: standby node judges whether contention mode opens, if, whether the priority of then judging this node is higher than the priority of receiving, carry in the heartbeat from other nodes, if then node enters the main state of using by stand-by state.
The MAC Address of described virtual ip address and this node is carried in the gratuitous ARP request.
Transmit described heartbeat by main with the service channel between node and the standby node; Or transmit described heartbeat with the communication link L1 between node and the standby node by main; Or transmit described heartbeat with the communication link L2 between node and the standby node by main.
The invention allows for a kind of system that realizes virtual IP protocol, this system comprises: more than one client; Switch or hub; A virtual ip address that externally presents of configuration main with node and standby node wherein, mainly is used for providing service to client with node, and standby node is used for taking over the master during with node failure and providing service with node to client main.
Described main with further comprising the communication link L1 that is used to transmit software heartbeat and control command between node and the standby node.
Described communication link L1 is a serial ports, or is network interface.
Described main with further comprising the communication link L2 that is used to transmit hardware heartbeat and control command between node and the standby node.Described communication link L2 is a hardware two-shipper holding wire.
The scheme that proposes according to the present invention, the virtual ip address that configuration externally presents on each node, main with node all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in its place LAN, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this gratuitous ARP request, to notify the corresponding relation between each node virtual ip address and the physical address, thereby the winner can be responded to the ARP request of mailing to virtual ip address with node, the data that mail to virtual ip address are handled, save NAT device among the present invention, reduced the construction and the maintenance cost of whole digital communications network.Design effective handoff procedure among the present invention, reduced fail-over time.The active and standby structure that the present invention proposes is flexible, can adjust according to concrete needs, has good autgmentability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of realizing virtual IP address in the prior art;
Fig. 2 A shows the structural representation of 1+1 backup realization virtual IP address among the present invention;
Fig. 2 B shows the structural representation of a plurality of 1+1 backup realization virtual IP addresses among the present invention;
Fig. 2 C shows the structural representation of 1+n backup realization virtual IP address among the present invention;
Fig. 2 D shows the structural representation of n+1 backup realization virtual IP address among the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows node state switching schematic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows among the present invention main with node realization virtual IP address flow chart;
Fig. 5 shows standby node realization virtual IP address flow chart among the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows among the present invention 1+n backup architecture master and realizes the virtual IP address flow chart with node;
Fig. 7 shows the standby node realization of 1+n backup architecture virtual IP address flow chart among the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Among the present invention, the virtual ip address that configuration externally presents on each node, the master broadcasts free address resolution protocol (ARP with node all nodes in its place LAN, AddressResolution Protocol) request, carry Ethernet card hardware (MAC) address of virtual ip address and this node in this gratuitous ARP request, to notify the corresponding relation between each node virtual ip address and the physical address, thereby the winner can be responded to the ARP request of mailing to virtual ip address with node, the data that mail to virtual ip address are handled, as transmit, or data are handled etc. according to the requirement of client, these are operated and have in full accord that node carries out now, do not repeat them here; Standby node can't respond the ARP request of mailing to virtual ip address, also can't handle the data that mail to virtual ip address.All nodes in the above LAN comprise leaf and routing node, and leaf can be each client, and routing node can be switch or hub etc.The gratuitous ARP request is to be source IP address with the virtual ip address, sends the ARP request of request corresponding to the MAC Address of virtual ip address.
Fig. 2 A shows the structural representation of 1+1 backup realization virtual IP address among the present invention, shown in Fig. 2 A, each node links to each other with client by switch (Switch) or hub (HUB), node A also links to each other with node B by switch or hub, node A and node B form the 1+1 backup structure, the virtual ip address that configuration externally presents on each node, one of them node is as the main node of using, another node is as standby node, when the master breaks down with node, node enters the main state of using by stand-by state, all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in the LAN of place, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address.Also can increase communication link L1 between node A and the node B, L1 can be an independent Ethernet and connects, and also can be dedicated communication link, and as serial ports, L1 is used to transmit between software heartbeat, control command and the node needs backed up data; Also can increase communication link L2 between node A and the node B, L2 is used to transmit hardware heartbeat and the control command between the node.Difference between L1 and the L2 is: L1 can be general communication interface, as serial ports, network interface etc., is controlled by software, is used to transmit information such as data; L2 is a hardware two-shipper holding wire, and by user oneself definition, as defining act, standby holding wire, the act of two nodes, standby holding wire intersect and link to each other, by the operating state of hardware line showing veneer.L1 and L2 are optional, and whether increasing communication link L1 or hardware two-shipper holding wire L2 can for example, if node has unnecessary serial ports, then can link to each other the serial ports of node as communication link L1 according to the concrete condition decision of node and whole network.
Fig. 2 B shows the structural representation of a plurality of 1+1 backup realization virtual IP addresses among the present invention, shown in Fig. 2 B, the 1+1 backup structure is expanded, in network, comprise a plurality of 1+1 backup structures, the virtual ip address that this group of configuration externally presents on the node of each group formation backup architecture, a node is as the main node of using in each group, another node is as standby node, when the master in a group breaks down with node, node in this group enters the main state of using by stand-by state, all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in the LAN of place, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address.Also can increase communication link L1 and/or communication link L2 between the node of each group.
Fig. 2 C shows the structural representation of 1+n backup realization virtual IP address among the present invention, shown in Fig. 2 C, the virtual ip address that configuration externally presents on each node, one of them node is as the main node of using, all the other nodes are as standby node, formation has the computer group of high availability, and higher availability externally is provided.Lead and provide service with node to client, standby node is taken over the master and is provided service with node to client when leading with node failure.When the master breaks down with node, each standby node can be used the position according to the preemptive priority master who sets in advance, it is the easy more state of using of leading that enters of the high more node of priority, node enters the main state of using by stand-by state, all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in the LAN of place, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address.Can further increase communication link L1 and/or communication link L2 between each node.
Fig. 2 D shows the structural representation of n+1 backup realization virtual IP address among the present invention, shown in Fig. 2 D, node A and node B form one group of active and standby structure, externally present a virtual ip address, node B and node C form another and organize active and standby structure, externally present another virtual ip address.Node A and node C are respectively as the main node of using, node B is as the standby node of node A and node C, when node A or node C break down, node B enters the main state of using, all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in the LAN of place, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address.
In every group of active and standby structure, need to detect the operating state of corresponding node between each node by heartbeat from other nodes, transmit heartbeat in can being with, promptly the service channel by node transmits heartbeat, at the different IP multicast address of different virtual IP address choice, node sends heartbeat to other node by the IP multicast mode, does not contact directly because the selection of IP multicast address and realization of the present invention do not have, and be existing known technology, therefore repeat no more; Also can transmit heartbeat by newly-increased communication link L1 or L2.
Each node in the above various active and standby structure also can have the IP address of self node, and corresponding IP address is externally presented, to realize the ARP request responding that mails to self node IP address or the processing of data.
Fig. 3 shows node state switching schematic diagram among the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, after system powers on, all nodes all are in initial condition, rob and account for main node and enter the state of using of leading by initial condition with the position, all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in the LAN of place carry the virtual ip address and this node MAC Address that externally present in this gratuitous ARP request, all the other nodes then enter stand-by state by initial condition.The master regularly sends heartbeat to standby node with node, and standby node is accepted heartbeat.Because the main heartbeat that sends with node may be because of multiple former thereby lose, therefore, if standby node is not received the main heartbeat that sends with node in the time of setting, then send heartbeat request with node to main, after the master receives heartbeat request with node, send heartbeat to standby node; After if standby node sends heartbeat request, in the time of setting, do not receive the main heartbeat that sends with node yet, then node enters the main state of using by stand-by state, all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in the LAN of place, carry the virtual ip address and this node MAC Address that externally present in this gratuitous ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address.Forbidding (Shut Down) message by the upper strata sends can make each node enter initial condition.
Fig. 4 shows among the present invention main with node realization virtual IP address flow chart, and as shown in Figure 4, main process with node realization virtual IP address may further comprise the steps:
Step 403: the master judges whether to receive the heartbeat request of standby node transmission with node, if then execution in step 405; Otherwise, execution in step 404.Because the main heartbeat that sends with node may be because of multiple former thereby lose, therefore, standby node is not received in the time of setting under the situation of the main heartbeat that sends with node, can be sent heartbeat request with node to main.
Step 404: the master judges in the heartbeat transmission timer whether sent heartbeat to standby node with node, if then return execution in step 403; Otherwise, execution in step 405.The heartbeat transmission timer is used to control the master and regularly sends heartbeat to standby node with node, and the master should guarantee to send a heartbeat to standby node in the cycle of each heartbeat transmission timer with node.
Fig. 5 shows standby node realization virtual IP address flow chart among the present invention, and as shown in Figure 5, standby node realizes that the process of virtual IP address may further comprise the steps:
Step 501～step 502: node enters stand-by state, starts the heartbeat detection timer, and this heartbeat detection timer is used for standby node and receives the main heartbeat that sends with node in whether detecting at the appointed time.The above node enters stand-by state both can refer to that node entered the master by initial condition and uses state, can refer to that also node enters the main state of using by stand-by state.The time span of the above heartbeat detection timer can equate with the time span of heartbeat transmission timer, the time span of also comparable heartbeat transmission timer is longer, as with the combination of the time span of heartbeat transmission timer and the time offset time span as the heartbeat detection timer.
Step 503: standby node judges whether receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat detection timer, if then execution in step 508; Otherwise, execution in step 504.The heartbeat detection timer is to be used for standby node to detect the main heartbeat that sends with node, and standby node should be received a main heartbeat that sends with node in the cycle of each heartbeat detection timer, otherwise will execution in step 504.
Step 504～step 505: standby node sends heartbeat request to main with node, and startup heartbeat request timer, this heartbeat request timer is used for detecting the main heartbeat that sends with node after standby node sends heartbeat request, standby node should be received the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, otherwise will execution in step 509.
Step 506: standby node judges whether receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, if then execution in step 507; Otherwise, execution in step 509.
Step 507: standby node judges in the main heartbeat with the node transmission whether carry the master with abandoning sign, if then execution in step 509; Otherwise, execution in step 508.Main can initiatively abandon it with node and mainly use the position, like this, main have master with abandon to identify with regard to portability with node in the heartbeat that standby node sends, and for example carries 0 in the heartbeat, with notify standby node its initiatively abandon the master and use the position.In addition, the master also can send switching command by communication link L1 or L2 with node, and the master who initiatively abandons self uses the position.
Step 508: when current heartbeat detection timer expiry, standby node restarts the heartbeat detection timer, as current heartbeat detection timer, and returns execution in step 503.
Step 509: node enters the main state of using by stand-by state, all nodes in its place LAN send the gratuitous ARP request, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this gratuitous ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address, as notify routing node to upgrade swap table, notify ARP Cache (Cache) the renewal IP address of other nodes and the corresponding relation between the physical address, like this, enter the master and just can handle, and the ARP request of mailing to virtual ip address is responded the data that mail to virtual ip address with the node of state.
In the 1+n backup architecture, owing to have a plurality of standby nodes, therefore, when the state of node switched, each node will be seized the master and use the position, therefore, by the priority of each node is set, make easy more the robbing of the high more node of priority account for the main position of using among the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows among the present invention 1+n backup architecture master and realizes the virtual IP address flow chart with node, as shown in Figure 6, mainly in the 1+n backup architecture realizes that with node the process of virtual IP address may further comprise the steps:
Step 601: the initial condition node judges whether the priority of this node is the highest, if then execution in step 603; Otherwise, execution in step 602.
Step 602: node enters stand-by state by initial condition, starts the heartbeat detection timer, finishes current flow process.
Step 603～step 604: node enters the main state of using by initial condition, main with node all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in its place LAN, carry the MAC Address of the virtual ip address that externally presents and this node in this gratuitous ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node virtual ip address and the MAC Address, and main with node startup heartbeat transmission timer.
Step 605: the master judges whether to receive the heartbeat request of standby node transmission with node, if then execution in step 611; Otherwise, execution in step 606.
Step 606: the master judges in the heartbeat transmission timer whether sent heartbeat to standby node with node, if then execution in step 607; Otherwise, execution in step 611.
Step 607: the master judges with node whether contention mode opens, if then execution in step 608; Otherwise, execution in step 612.By the unlatching contention mode the standby node of high priority is robbed and accounted for the main position of using.In addition, step 607 can not need, but main in step 606, judge in the heartbeat transmission timer after standby node has sent heartbeat with node, direct execution in step 608, this is because if contention mode is not opened, main with the heartbeat of node with regard to not receiving that standby node sends, if the master receives the heartbeat that standby node sends with node, then must be to have opened contention mode.
Step 608: lead the heartbeat that judges whether to receive standby node transmission with node, if then execution in step 609; Otherwise, return execution in step 605.
Step 609: the master judges with node whether the priority of this node is higher than the priority of carrying in the heartbeat of receiving, if then return execution in step 605; Otherwise, execution in step 610.This heartbeat can comprise the heartbeat that all standby nodes send.
Step 610: node enters stand-by state by main with state, starts the heartbeat detection timer, finishes current flow process.
When opening contention mode, can carry the heartbeat of priority between each node by transmission, notify the priority of other these nodes of node, main the priority of carrying in the priority of this node and the heartbeat of receiving is compared with node, if the priority height of this node, the main position of using of then continuing to keep this node; If the priority height that carries in the heartbeat of receiving, the main position of using of then abandoning this node, this master will be seized by the highest node of priority that sends heartbeat with the position.
Step 611: the main node of using sends heartbeat to standby node, and portability has the priority of this node in this heartbeat.
Step 612: when current heartbeat transmission timer was overtime, the master restarted the heartbeat transmission timer with node, as current heartbeat transmission timer, and returns execution in step 605.
In the practical application, step 607～step 610 or step 608～step 610 can be carried out in the arbitrary moment after step 604, and like this, if the priority of this node is higher than the priority of carrying in the heartbeat of receiving, then the master does not carry out any operation with node.In addition, the described implementation of step 607～step 610 or step 608～step 610 is equally applicable to non-1+n backup architecture, gets final product so long as be provided with the priority of each node.
Fig. 7 shows the standby node realization of 1+n backup architecture virtual IP address flow chart among the present invention, and as shown in Figure 7, standby node realizes that the process of virtual IP address may further comprise the steps in the 1+n backup architecture:
Step 701: the initial condition node judges whether the priority of this node is the highest, if then execution in step 702; Otherwise, execution in step 703.
Step 702: node enters the main state of using by initial condition, main with node all node broadcasting gratuitous ARP requests in its place LAN, carry the MAC Address of the virtual ip address that externally presents and this node in this gratuitous ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node virtual ip address and the MAC Address, and main with node startup heartbeat transmission timer, finish current flow process.
Step 703～step 704: node enters stand-by state by initial condition, starts the heartbeat detection timer.The time span of heartbeat detection timer can equate with the time span of heartbeat transmission timer, the time span of also comparable heartbeat transmission timer is longer, as with the combination of the time span of heartbeat transmission timer and time offset time span as the heartbeat detection timer, can time offset just be set according to the priority of node, the priority of node is high more to be provided with more little time offset, for example, be limit priority if be provided with 255, then time offset can be (256-node priority)/256, be limit priority if be provided with 1, then time offset can be node priority/256.
Step 705: standby node judges whether receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat detection timer, if then execution in step 710; Otherwise, execution in step 706.
Step 706～step 707: standby node sends heartbeat request to main with node, and starts the heartbeat request timer.The time span of heartbeat request timer can just be set according to the priority of node, the priority of node is high more to be provided with more little heartbeat request timer time length, for example, be limit priority if be provided with 255, then the time span of heartbeat request timer can be (256-node priority)/256, be limit priority if be provided with 1, then the time span of heartbeat request timer can be node priority/256.
Step 708: standby node judges whether receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, if then execution in step 709; Otherwise, execution in step 712.
Step 709: standby node judges in the main heartbeat with the node transmission whether carry the master with abandoning sign, if then execution in step 712; Otherwise, execution in step 713.
Step 710: standby node judges whether contention mode opens, if then execution in step 711; Otherwise, execution in step 713.
Step 711: standby node judges whether the priority of this node is higher than the priority of carrying in the heartbeat of receiving, if then execution in step 712; Otherwise, execution in step 713.This heartbeat comprises the main heartbeat that sends with node, also comprises the heartbeat that other standby nodes send.
Step 712: node enters the main state of using by stand-by state, all nodes in its place LAN send the gratuitous ARP request, carry the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node in this gratuitous ARP request, notify the corresponding relation between each node renewal virtual ip address and the MAC Address, as notify routing node to upgrade swap table, notify the ARP Cache renewal IP address of other nodes and the corresponding relation between the physical address, finish current flow process.
Step 713: when current heartbeat detection timer expiry, standby node restarts the heartbeat detection timer, as current heartbeat detection timer, and returns execution in step 705.
In the practical application, step 710～step 712 can be carried out in the arbitrary moment after step 704, and like this, if the priority of this node is lower than the priority of carrying in the heartbeat of receiving, then standby node does not carry out any operation.
By combining of heartbeat request timer or heartbeat request timer and time offset, guarantee that easy more the robbing of the high more node of priority accounts for the main position of using, because, short more with the time span of the high corresponding heartbeat request timer of node of priority, or the combination of the time span of heartbeat request timer and time side-play amount is just short more, therefore, when the master used node failure, just easy more the robbing of the node that priority is high more accounted for the main position of using.
More than data backup in the active and standby structure, can carry out data backup according to actual needs, need backed up data to transmit by service channel, also can transmit by newly-increased communication link L1 or L2.
The above node can be gateway device, server or needs and general node that other nodes communicate.
In a word, the above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1, a kind of method that realizes virtual IP protocol is characterized in that, the virtual ip address that configuration externally presents on each node of active and standby structure, and this method comprises:
Enter and main send the MAC Address of virtual ip address and this node, and mainly start the heartbeat transmission timer, in the time span of each heartbeat transmission timer, send heartbeat to standby node with node with node node in the LAN of place of state;
The node that enters stand-by state starts the heartbeat detection timer, at the heartbeat detection timer expiry and when not receiving the main heartbeat that sends with node, enters the main state of using.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly in the time span of each heartbeat transmission timer, send heartbeat and be: judge in the heartbeat transmission timer, whether to have sent heartbeat to standby node, if then send heartbeat to standby node to standby node; Otherwise, wait for that current heartbeat transmission timer is overtime, restart the heartbeat transmission timer as current heartbeat transmission timer.
3, method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described startup heartbeat detection timer, at the heartbeat detection timer expiry and when not receiving the main heartbeat that sends with node, enter the main state of using, comprise: standby node judges whether receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat detection timer, if, then wait for current heartbeat detection timer expiry, restart the heartbeat detection timer as current heartbeat detection timer; Otherwise, enter the main state of using.
4, method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described at the heartbeat detection timer expiry and when not receiving the main heartbeat that sends with node, enter and mainly further comprise before with state: standby node sends heartbeat request to main with node, and startup heartbeat request timer, whether judgement receives the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, if, then wait for current heartbeat detection timer expiry, restart the heartbeat detection timer as current heartbeat detection timer; Otherwise, enter the main state of using.
5, method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, describedly receive the main heartbeat that sends with node in the heartbeat request timer, further comprise with waiting between the current heartbeat detection timer expiry: whether standby node is judged to carry in the heartbeat of receiving and is mainly identified with abandoning, if then enter the main state of using; Otherwise, wait for current heartbeat detection timer expiry.
6, method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described in the time span of each heartbeat transmission timer before standby node sends heartbeat, further comprise: the main heartbeat request that judges whether to receive standby node transmission with node, if then send heartbeat request to standby node; Otherwise, judge in the heartbeat transmission timer, whether to have sent heartbeat to standby node.
7, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the priority of each node in the active and standby structure is set, if described node enters main with being the initial condition node before state or the stand-by state, then this method further comprises: whether the priority of judging this node is the highest, if then node enters the main state of using; Otherwise node enters stand-by state.
8, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the time span of described heartbeat transmission timer equates with the time span of described heartbeat detection timer; Or the length of described heartbeat transmission timer be the time span of described heartbeat detection timer and time offset and.
9, method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the priority of each node in the active and standby structure is set, and according to the priority of node described time offset is set.
10, method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the priority of each node in the active and standby structure is set, this method further comprises: the main heartbeat that judges whether to receive standby node transmission with node, if, then continue to judge whether the priority of this node is higher than the priority of carrying in the heartbeat of receiving, if not, then node enters stand-by state by main with state.
11, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, if described active and standby structure is the 1+n backup architecture, the priority of each node in the 1+n backup architecture is set then, according to the priority of node described heartbeat request timer is set.
12, method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, if described active and standby structure is the 1+n backup architecture, the priority of each node in the 1+n backup architecture then is set, this method further comprises: standby node judges whether contention mode opens, if whether the priority of then judging this node is higher than the priority of receiving, carry in the heartbeat from other nodes, if then node enters the main state of using by stand-by state.
13, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the MAC Address of described virtual ip address and this node is carried in the gratuitous ARP request.
14, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, transmits described heartbeat by main with the service channel between node and the standby node; Or transmit described heartbeat with the communication link L1 between node and the standby node by main; Or transmit described heartbeat with the communication link L2 between node and the standby node by main.
15, a kind of system that realizes virtual IP protocol is characterized in that, this system comprises: more than one client; Switch or hub; A virtual ip address that externally presents of configuration main with node and standby node wherein, mainly is used for providing service to client with node, and standby node is used for taking over the master during with node failure and providing service with node to client main.
16, system according to claim 15 is characterized in that, and is described main with further comprising the communication link L1 that is used to transmit software heartbeat and control command between node and the standby node.
17, system according to claim 16 is characterized in that, described communication link L1 is a serial ports, or is network interface.
18, system according to claim 15 is characterized in that, and is described main with further comprising the communication link L2 that is used to transmit hardware heartbeat and control command between node and the standby node.
19, system according to claim 18 is characterized in that, described communication link L2 is a hardware two-shipper holding wire.
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