CN1854515A - Labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention comprises an air cylinder, are disposed in which an air cylinder cavity and a piston jacket. On both sides of the air cylinder cavity there are air cylinder walls, on which is disposed a labyrinth groove volume room and on the piston jacket are disposed throttle port and a volume room. The piston jacket and the air cylinder walls are separated to form small gaps.

Description

Labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor

One technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of structure of industrial compressor, particularly a kind of labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor.

Two background techniquies

Piston compressor is the universal machine that is widely used in every profession and trade.For effective compressed media gas, traditional piston compressor comes work by the to-and-fro motion that contacts is arranged between the seal ring in the piston ring on the piston and cylinder and piston rod and the filler.The relative movement that is in contact with one another has produced friction and fret wear.For reducing friction and wearing and tearing, on surface of contact, inject lubricant oil, and the injection of oil makes compressed media contaminated, and will consume a large amount of lubricant oil, and the separation and the discharge opeing of oil have also caused pollution to environment.At present, though a kind of made piston ring and seal ring with self lubricity of extensive use cancelled lubricant oil, the wearing and tearing that have the fricting movement of contact to cause still exist.Piston ring and seal ring are easily damaged partss, must regularly replace, this has increased the maintenance load and the operating cost of compressor, and the molecule that weares and teares simultaneously still is present in the gas, polluted compressed media, this is unallowed to the gas that some have high-purity to require.

Existing problems: 1, the pollution compressed media of lubricant oil in the cylinder, consume a large amount of lubricant oil, and the separation and the discharge opeing of oil have also caused pollution to environment; 2, the fricting movement that contact is arranged of piston ring causes wearing and tearing, and the molecule that weares and teares still is present in the gas, pollutes compressed media; 3, piston ring is an easily damaged parts, must regularly replace, and has increased the maintenance load and the operating cost of compressor.

Three summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of labyrinth seal principle of utilizing to carry out clearance seal, and leakage rate is few, and it is little to wear and tear, and can be used to compress the labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor that contains small solid particle gas.

The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor, it comprises cylinder block, cylinder chamber and piston jacket are set in cylinder block, the cylinder chamber both sides are cylinder wall, it is characterized in that: the maze trough chamber volume is set on cylinder wall, throttle point and chamber volume are set on piston jacket, separate between piston jacket and the cylinder wall and form micro-gap.

Principle of the present invention is: maze trough structure of the present invention can make labyrinth compressor utilize the labyrinth seal principle to carry out clearance seal, by the throttling and the repeatedly repetition of expanding, make the gas pressure that leak the high pressure side progressively reduce to low voltage side, and be stored in each maze trough with eddy motion, stop to leak, thereby played reliable seal action to low voltage side.Processing triangle spiral chute in the labyrinth compressor cylinder wall, and on piston jacket, also process the different triangle spiral chutes of specification, under certain little gap, few portion gas is by each labyrinth throttle point, the little gap that forms between each labyrinth tooth top and the relative movement part just, flow to low voltage side from the high pressure side, by each throttle point the time, throttle point plays the effect of an injector nozzle to gas, gas can be converted into kinetic energy at this with pressure, and after gas enters in the teeth groove, because the sudden enlargement of chamber volume, gas velocity descends rapidly, be almost equal to zero, its a part of kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, another part is converted into the eddy current energy, through the throttle point of uniform (axially) and the repeat function of teeth groove whirlpool chamber continuously, the pressure of gas leakage drops to low-pressure lateral pressure from high side pressure, last chamber volume is all bigger than other uniform chamber volume on the piston jacket up and down for piston jacket, this structure can make and original just form eddy current through few gas leakage of repeatedly throttling in big chamber volume, the speed that gas is descended is bigger, thereby can make leakage rate reach minimum, guarantees the tightness requirement.

The present invention compared with prior art, 1), high reliability it significantly moves advantage and is:: not contacting between the kinematic pair, exist small gap, thus can not cause wearing and tearing, thereby prolonged the working life of seal element greatly, even can reach the no time limit and use.Like this, the user is few in the required spare part quantity of maintenance compressor; 2), good economy performance: user, particularly large-scale petrochemical enterprise the most important thing is to reduce the unplanned shutdown phase, reduce maintenance load, the user is few in the required spare part quantity of maintenance compressor, prevents that gas leakage from influencing environment etc., and these all can influence economic benefit of enterprises.The labyrinth piston compressor compare with the reciprocating-piston compressor of other pattern also can eliminate since the particle that wearing and tearing produce to the pollution of compressed media, discharging gas does not have oily dustless, therefore needn't carry out the separation of gas and filter supervisor, also not want lubricant oil, embody fabulous performance driving economy; 3), Security is good: the labyrinth seal structure of labyrinth piston compressor can perform well in compressed oxygen or inflammable, explosive, poisonous gas and not reveal, and does not have frictional heat to produce during compression.The parts relevant with gas flow are all made with metallic material, and piston and cylinder temperature can surpass safe operation under superhigh temperature such as 30MPa or the ultralow temperature operating mode-160 ℃-270 ℃ or higher, exhaust pressure; 4), the occasion that can contain small solid particle in gas is used.Contactless labyrinth seal can avoid general contact seal because of the piston ring that contains molecule in the gas and bring and the accelerated wear test or the viscous of stuffing box packing.Thereby the labyrinth piston compressor can be widely used in containing in similar polymerization product and the gas gas compression of polyolefin powder, and therefore sealability can not descend reliable operation.In large-scale polyethylene and polypropylene complexes, the labyrinth piston compressor is necessary crucial corollary equipment especially.

Four description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the large-scale three row secondarys compression labyrinth compressor cylinder of labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor labyrinth seal structure schematic representation of the present invention.

Five embodiments

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention includes cylinder block, cylinder chamber and piston jacket 2 are set in cylinder block, cylinder chamber 11 both sides are cylinder wall 1, the maze trough chamber volume is set on cylinder wall 1, throttle point 3 is set on piston jacket 2, chamber volume 4, separate between piston jacket 2 and the cylinder wall 1 and form micro-gap 7, large-scale three row secondarys compression labyrinth compressor is by two one-level cylinder chambers 11 and a secondary cylinder chamber 9, when first stage piston moves downward, it is big that the one-level volume of cylinder becomes, the one-level INO, being compressed gas enters in the cylinder, when piston moves upward, piston is done manual work, volume of cylinder diminishes, gas pressure increases in the cylinder, at this moment there is few portion gas to flow to little gap 7 between piston and the cylinder wall, on cylinder wall 1 and piston jacket 2, all be processed with maze trough, the equilateral triangle spiral chute of the approximately dark 0.4mm pitch 1.2mm of maze trough is moderate on its cylinder wall, and on piston jacket 2 processing dark 0.95mm pitch 1.5mm equilateral triangle spiral chute, thereby form signal structure shown in Figure 2, can make its released gas rate minimum, gas is by each labyrinth throttle point 3, the little gap that forms between each labyrinth tooth top and the relative movement part just, flow to low voltage side from the high pressure side, by each flow point the time, throttle point plays the effect of an injector nozzle to gas, gas can be converted into kinetic energy at this with pressure, and after gas enters in the teeth groove, because the sudden enlargement of chamber volume 4, gas velocity descends rapidly, be almost equal to zero, its a part of kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, another part is converted into the eddy current energy, through the throttle point of uniform (axially) and the repeat function of teeth groove whirlpool chamber continuously, the pressure of gas leakage drops to low-pressure lateral pressure from high side pressure, piston jacket about in the of 2 last chamber volume 5 all bigger than other uniform chamber volume 4 on the piston jacket, its groove shape is shown in the schematic representation 25, this structure can make original just through few gas leakage formation eddy current in big chamber volume 5 of repeatedly throttling, the speed that gas is descended is bigger, thereby can make leakage rate reach minimum, guarantee the tightness requirement, little to a certain degree the time at the cylinder internal volume, when gas pressure reaches the one-level exhaust requirements, the one-level outlet valve is opened, gas is discharged, enter secondary cylinder, in secondary cylinder, have and two labyrinth seal structures that the one-level cylinder is the same, gas is compressed again at secondary cylinder, get rid of from the secondary outlet valve after reaching the pressure requirement, enter next step flow process.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor, it comprises cylinder block [10], cylinder chamber [11] is set in cylinder block, piston jacket [2] is set in the cylinder chamber, cylinder chamber [11] both sides are cylinder wall [1], it is characterized in that: maze trough chamber volume [6] is set on the cylinder wall [1], throttle point [3] and chamber volume [4] are set on the piston jacket [2], separate between piston jacket [2] and the cylinder wall [1] and form micro-gap [7].

2, labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with than the capacious chamber volume of other uniform chamber volume [4] [5] on the piston jacket [2].

3, labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: piston jacket [2] all is provided with a big chamber volume [5] up and down, and its inclination alpha is 135 °-140 °.

4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described labyrinth sealing structure of industrial labyrinth compressor, it is characterized in that: chamber volume [4] and chamber volume [6] all are set to the equilateral triangle spiral chute.

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