CN1852169A - 一种对多个功能单元统一管理的方法及系统 - Google Patents
一种对多个功能单元统一管理的方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1852169A CN1852169A CNA2006100654203A CN200610065420A CN1852169A CN 1852169 A CN1852169 A CN 1852169A CN A2006100654203 A CNA2006100654203 A CN A2006100654203A CN 200610065420 A CN200610065420 A CN 200610065420A CN 1852169 A CN1852169 A CN 1852169A
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种对多个功能单元统一管理的方法及系统,在所述设备中具有功能单元和管理单元,该方法包括:a)为管理单元设置IP地址,并为各功能单元分配管理IP地址;b)管理单元提供统一的管理方式和管理IP地址;c)管理服务器通过管理单元对各功能单元进行维护和管理。根据本发明,管理服务器通过管理单元提供的统一管理方式和IP地址,对各功能单元进行维护,实现多个功能单元的状态维护和统一管理,从而可对不同厂商提供的设备进行统一管理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域的网络管理技术,具体涉及一种对多个功能单元统一管理的方法及系统。
背景技术
在传统的电信设备中,一个机框中存在多个单板,所有单板都由同一个厂商提供,设备内部的通信和管理都是各厂商自己的技术。目前电信设备向着开放架构和开放标准发展。硬件的标准化,如ATCA标准,机框、单板都可以由不同的厂商提供,只要是符合相同标准的硬件都可以在同一个机框中共存。即一个机框中会存在多个厂商的单板和应用,各个应用相互独立。
如图1,在一个机框中,一个或多个单板组成设备A,另外一个或多个单板组成设备B。设备A和设备B都能够独立运行,存在独立的管理IP地址。从逻辑上看,一个物理设备可以看作多个逻辑设备,如图2。管理系统需要同时对多个逻辑设备进行管理。这种管理方式并不能体现出开放架构设备集成多业务的优点。在管理上,存在多个设备管理方式不统一、用户体验不一致等问题。
用户采用不同的厂商提供的管理方式对机框中的设备分别进行管理。如图3所示,不同厂商内置Web服务器,用户通过不同设备提供的WEB界面对不同设备进行管理。由于每个厂商提供的用户界面、用户权限都不同,用户需要多次登录。当配置A设备时,需要指定A设备的IP地址IP1,登录到A设备的配置页面。当配置B设备时,需要指定B设备的IP地址IP2,登录到B设备的配置页面。
其缺点是:
设备A和设备B需要不同的管理IP地址,当一个机框中集成了多个设备时,需要占用多个地址,尤其是当需要通过Internet对设备进行远程管理时,需要为设备A和设备B配置单独的公网IP地址。
用户需要面对多个管理对象,存在多次登录,维护多个设备的用户权限的问题。
现有技术的另一方式为:用户通过网管系统对设备进行管理。如图4所示,网管系统和各个设备之间通过SNMP对设备进行管理。网管系统可以提供B/S模式或C/S模式,使得用户可以通过网管客户端访问网管系统。每增加一种新的厂商的单板或设备,通过对网管系统进行重新开发,以实现对新设备的管理。
这种方式存在如下缺点:
设备A和设备B需要不同的管理IP地址,当一个机框中集成了多个设备时,需要占用多个地址;尤其是当需要通过Internet对设备进行远程管理时,需要为A设备和B设备配置单独的公网IP地址。
每增加一种新的厂商的单板或设备,都需要对网管系统进行重新开发,增加对新设备的简单网络管理协议管理信息库(SNMP MIB:SimpleNetwork Management Protocol Management Information Base)的支持。
现有技术还提供一种方式就是采用地址转换的方式,在设备内部采用私有IP地址,对外通信时,转换为共有IP地址,以节约地址。
这种方式解决了地址占用的问题,但是不能解决管理方式统一的问题。用户对设备进行管理时,仍然需要面对多个管理对象。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种开放架构设备中多个功能单元统一管理的方法及系统,使不同厂商的设备、应用能够集成在一个机框中,用户能对其进行统一的管理。
本发明提供的一种对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,设备中设有功能单元和管理单元,包括:
a)为管理单元设置IP地址,并为各功能单元分配管理IP地址;
b)管理单元提供统一的管理方式和管理IP地址;
c)管理服务器通过管理单元对各功能单元进行维护和管理。
管理单元通过即插即用方式发现该功能单元,当有新的功能单元插入时,该功能单元向管理单元发送IP地址分配请求,管理单元响应请求,为该功能单元分配管理IP地址。
该方法还包括:为各功能单元设置标识,并保存各功能单元的标识与IP地址的对应关系,其中所设置的功能单元标识包括:设备标识、功能单元标识、物理位置标识、应用标识中至少一个。
功能单元的维护包括各功能单元的状态信息、物理位置信息监测和更新。
管理单元定期广播自己的信息,使得功能单元能够检测管理单元是否正常工作。若预定时间内未收到管理单元的广播信息,功能单元则认为管理单元故障或被拔出;当功能单元收到管理单元的广播信息,向管理单元反馈应答消息并开始注册过程。
管理单元根据功能单元反馈的应答消息,检测功能单元是否正常工作;
若超过预定时间未收到某个功能单元的应答,管理单元认为该功能单元故障或被拔出。
在功能单元插入过程中对功能单元进行认证。
在为功能单元设置标识前,功能单元向管理单元注册,包括通告功能单元的单板数量及物理位置标识。
各功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息给管理代理。
该方法还包括:功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息,包括功能单元的性能、配置参数,管理单元接收到所述上报的信息后,动态生成相应的配置程序或配置界面,将配置程序或配置界面集成到统一的管理程序中。
所述管理系统通过管理单元的IP地址和功能单元的ID对功能单元进行管理。
所述管理单元的功能由任一功能单元承担或由设备外的实体承担,功能单元和管理单元对外体现为一个虚拟设备。
根据本发明还提供一种对多个功能单元统一管理的系统,包括:功能单元、管理单元及管理服务器,其特征在于,
其中所述管理单元设置有IP地址,所述管理单元为各功能单元分配管理IP地址;
所述管理单元用于为各功能单元提供统一的管理方式和管理IP地址;
所述管理服务器通过管理单元对各功能单元进行维护和管理;
所述管理单元通过即插即用方式发现该功能单元,当有新的功能单元插入时,该功能单元向管理单元发送IP地址分配请求,管理单元响应请求,为该功能单元分配管理IP地址。
功能单元的维护包括各功能单元的状态信息、物理位置信息监测和更新。
管理单元定期广播自己的信息,使得功能单元能够检测管理单元是否正常工作。若预定时间内未收到管理单元的广播信息,功能单元则认为管理单元故障或被拔出;当功能单元收到管理单元的广播信息,向管理单元反馈应答消息并开始注册过程。
所述管理单元根据功能单元反馈的应答消息,检测功能单元是否正常工作。
若超过预定时间未收到某个功能单元的应答,管理单元认为该功能单元故障或被拔出。
各功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息给管理代理。
所述功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息,管理单元接收到所述上报的信息后,动态生成相应的配置程序或配置界面,将配置程序或配置界面集成到统一的管理程序中。
所述管理服务器通过管理单元的IP地址和功能单元的ID对功能单元进行管理。
所述管理单元的功能由任一功能单元承担或由设备外的实体承担,功能单元和管理单元对外体现为一个虚拟设备。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的管理方法,利用一个管理单元,实现对一个机框中多个独立功能单元的统一管理,包括统一管理方式、统一管理IP地址等,使得多个功能单元对外体现为一个虚拟设备,各功能单元为该虚拟设备的一个逻辑组成部分,通过为各功能单元分配管理IP地址、对功能单元进行认证,管理单元将机框中的所有功能单元和其上的应用进行统一标识,同时保存标识与功能单元IP地址的映射。各功能单元向管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息。功能单元的配置信息包括设备能力信息以及可以对功能单元功能进行配置的配置程序或配置界面等配置相关的一组文件或数据。其中,配置程序或配置界面不是必须的。当管理单元获得功能单元的配置程序或配置界面后,可以用于对功能单元进行远程管理;当管理单元仅获得功能单元的设备能力信息时,可以根据功能单元的设备能力信息自动生成配置程序或配置界面,用于对功能单元进行管理。管理服务器通过管理单元提供的统一管理方式和IP地址,对各功能单元进行维护,实现机框中多个功能单元的状态维护和统一管理。从而可对不同的厂商提供的设备进行统一管理。
附图说明
图1为集成多单板的开放架构设备示意图;
图2为开放架构设备的逻辑框图;
图3为根据现有技术的通过内置服务器进行管理的开放架构设备的系统框图;
图4为根据现有技术的通过内置代理单元进行管理的开放架构设备的系统框图;
图5为根据本发明的开放架构设备的系统框图;
图6为根据本发明的系统运行流程图。
具体实施方式
为了进一步说明本发明的原理,下面结合附图描述本发明的具体工作过程。
图5为根据本发明的开放架构设备的系统框图,参照图5,开放架构设备中,一个机框中有一个或多个单板,包括单板上承载的应用模块组成一个独立的功能单元。在同一个机框中,存在多个功能单元,这些功能单元基于相同的硬件标准,具有独立的CPU和存储空间,可以独立运行,相互之间可以进行通信。
每个功能单元都具有自己的管理模块完成功能单元的管理,并与外部的管理单元之间进行通信。功能单元的配置信息包括设备能力信息以及可以对功能单元功能进行配置的配置程序或配置界面等配置相关的一组文件或数据。其中,配置程序或配置界面不是必须的。当管理单元获得功能单元的配置程序或配置界面后,可以用于对功能单元进行远程管理;当管理单元仅获得功能单元的设备能力信息时,可以根据功能单元的设备能力信息自动生成配置程序或配置界面,用于对功能单元进行管理。
管理单元,设置在机框中的单板上,或存在于机框外的其他设备中。管理单元和被代理的功能单元可能存在于同一个单板上。管理单元可以和机框中的所有功能单元进行通信。管理单元负责机框中所有功能单元的管理。
管理单元为机框内所有功能单元分配管理IP地址;管理单元所述管理IP地址对功能单元进行基于IP的管理,各功能单元的管理IP地址只用于设备内部的通信。
为机框中的每一个功能单元分配唯一的标识,用于向外部管理系统标识不同的功能单元;同时,每个功能单元的应用也需要进行标识。标识可以采用具有层次关系的命名方式,如:设备标识、功能单元标识、物理位置标识、应用标识;
为机框中的所有功能单元提供统一的外部管理方式,包括配置界面、用户权限的统一等;
从管理系统接收机框内所有功能单元的配置信息,并分发到对应的功能单元等功能;
从机框内其他功能单元接收配置信息,经过转换后,以统一的IP地址、统一的方式发送给管理系统。
维护各功能单元的拓扑信息,包括各功能单元的状态信息、物理位置信息等;
机框中的多个功能单元和管理单元组成一个设备,如图5中虚线所示。整个机框中的多个功能单元,包括管理单元对外体现为一个设备,共用一个管理IP地址,即管理单元的管理IP地址。
管理系统只能通过管理单元的管理IP地址对设备进行管理,根据不同的管理方式,管理系统可能是SNMP manager或WEB Browser,通过SNMP或HTTP对管理单元进行管理。
管理单元对设备中的所有功能单元进行集中管理。在方案中描述了功能单元插入、离开、状态检测、地址分配、认证、注册等流程,保证管理单元能够对功能单元进行管理。
图6为根据本发明的系统运行流程图。参照图6,当单板插入机框后,相应的功能单元向管理单元发出地址分配请求,请求分配管理IP地址;功能单元可采取广播或组播的方式,或直接向管理单元所在的地址发送请求。
管理单元接收到地址分配请求后,为功能单元分配一个管理IP地址,同时,告知功能单元管理单元的物理位置和IP地址。
当功能单元在一定时间内没有接收到地址分配响应,则进行重发。当重发一定次数仍没有得到响应时,功能单元可以根据一定的规则生成一个管理IP地址,如可以使用某个特殊地址段与功能单元MAC地址以及功能单元在机框中的物理槽位号共同生成管理IP地址。
功能单元成功从管理单元获取了管理IP地址后,开始功能单元认证过程。当管理单元位于机框外部时,可能会接收到伪造的功能单元消息,在这种情况下,需要对功能单元进行认证。
若需要进行安全认证,管理单元基于数字证书、用户名密码等方式对功能单元进行认证,并将相关信息存储在功能单元的存储单元中,或者通过手工配置。认证分为两个阶段,首先,功能单元和管理单元之间需要在地址分配过程中协商认证方式;其次,管理单元和功能单元通过协商出的认证方式进行认证并协商出安全参数,使得管理单元和功能单元之间以后的通信基于安全的通道。若认证失败,管理单元拒绝功能单元的注册请求,收回已分配的IP地址;
在认证完成后,功能单元通过管理单元分配的IP地址向管理单元发送功能单元注册请求;注册请求中包括功能单元的单板数量、所占用的物理槽位号等;管理单元接收到功能单元注册请求后,对功能单元的注册信息进行检查,若信息合法,则启动对功能单元的注册流程;否则拒绝功能单元的注册请求,收回已分配的IP地址;若注册成功,管理单元为功能单元分配唯一的标识;管理单元向功能单元下发设备配置信息,如:设备名称、标识、图标等等,功能单元可以利用收到的配置信息对自己的配置页面进行修改,达到统一配置页面风格的目的;
注册完成后,功能单元向管理单元上报自己的配置信息,使得管理单元可以获取功能单元的性能参数和配置信息。功能单元上报的信息包括功能单元的能力描述,如接口数量、编号等,以及对应的配置程序或配置界面。
管理单元接收到功能单元上报的配置信息后,根据功能单元上报的功能单元能力信息检查功能单元间的配置是否冲突,完成机框中各配置视图的生成;管理单元接收到配置信息后,能够将配置程序或配置界面集成到统一的管理程序中。若功能单元不上报配置程序或配置界面,管理单元可以根据功能单元的能力描述自动生成配置程序,集成到统一的管理程序中。
在管理单元上对各功能单元的配置能力进行集成。并通知管理系统在机框中插入了新的功能单元。
当管理单元启动后,需要主动广播自己的信息,使得已经存在的功能单元能够发现管理单元启动,并开始注册过程。
管理单元需要定期广播自己的信息,使得功能单元能够检测管理单元是否正常工作;若超过一定时间未收到管理单元的定期广播,功能单元可以认为管理单元已经故障或被拔出。
功能单元接收到管理单元的定期广播后,对于已经注册的功能单元,应向管理单元反馈应答消息。管理单元可以根据功能单元反馈的应答消息,检测功能单元是否正常工作。若超过一定次数未收到某个功能单元的应答,管理单元可以认为该功能单元已经故障或被拔出。
功能单元的配置方法不同,在功能单元上保存的配置程序也可能不同。例如,功能单元上报两个部分信息:一是用XML描述自己的能力信息;另一个是与XML对应的超文本文件,能够显示XML描述的信息,并能够输入配置,即配置页面。
当管理者通过管理系统对功能单元进行配置时,管理单元需要将配置信息分发给不同功能单元。其中包括:根据管理系统可识别的功能单元标识获得功能单元的IP地址,发送到各功能实体。
当管理单元接收到功能单元的响应信息后,需要将内容转换为管理系统能够识别的方式,并采用自己的IP地址发送到管理系统。
当机框中各功能单元需要上报配置改变信息、故障信息、日志信息等,将信息发送到管理单元,当管理单元接收到功能单元的信息后,需要将内容转换为管理系统能够识别的方式,并采用自己的IP地址发送到管理系统。
当功能单元增加或删除了某些部件,包括硬件增删和应用增删时,导致能力改变时,需要向管理单元重新发送能力信息和配置程序。
当功能单元从机框中拔出时,功能单元应主动通知管理单元。管理单元接收到功能单元的拔出消息后,应该主动删除所保存的功能单元能力信息和配置程序。
Claims (15)
1、一种对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,设备中设有功能单元和管理单元,其特征在于,包括:
a)为管理单元设置IP地址,并为各功能单元分配管理IP地址;
b)管理单元提供统一的管理方式和管理IP地址;
c)管理服务器通过管理单元对各功能单元进行维护和管理。
2、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,管理单元通过即插即用方式发现该功能单元,当有新的功能单元插入时,该功能单元向管理单元发送IP地址分配请求,管理单元响应请求,为该功能单元分配管理IP地址。
3、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,还包括:为各功能单元设置标识,并保存各功能单元的标识与IP地址的对应关系,其中所设置的功能单元标识包括:设备标识、功能单元标识、物理位置标识、应用标识中至少一个。
4、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,功能单元的维护包括各功能单元的状态信息、物理位置信息监测和更新。
5、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,管理单元定期广播自己的信息,使得功能单元能够检测管理单元是否正常工作;若预定时间内未收到管理单元的广播信息,功能单元则认为管理单元故障或被拔出;当功能单元收到管理单元的广播信息,向管理单元反馈应答消息并开始注册过程;
管理单元根据功能单元反馈的应答消息,检测功能单元是否正常工作;
若超过预定时间未收到某个功能单元的应答,管理单元认为该功能单元故障或被拔出。
6、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,在功能单元插入过程中对功能单元进行认证。
7、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,在为功能单元设置标识前,功能单元向管理单元注册,包括通告功能单元的单板数量及物理位置标识。
8、如权利要求1所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,各功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息给管理代理。
9、如权利要求8所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,还包括:功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息,包括功能单元的性能、配置参数,管理单元接收到所述上报的信息后,动态生成相应的配置程序或配置界面,将配置程序或配置界面集成到统一的管理程序中。
10、如权利要求1、3和8中任一项所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,管理系统通过管理单元的IP地址和功能单元的ID对功能单元进行管理。
11、如权利要求1、3和8中任一项所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,所述管理单元的功能由任一功能单元承担或由设备外的一实体承担,功能单元和管理单元对外体现为一个虚拟设备。
12、如权利要求1、3和8中任一项所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的方法,其特征在于,所述管理单元通过对管理协议的代理和管理界面的集成,将多个功能单元对外体现为一个虚拟设备。
13、一种对多个功能单元统一管理的系统,包括:功能单元、管理单元及管理服务器,其特征在于,
其中所述管理单元设置有IP地址,所述管理单元为各功能单元分配管理IP地址;
所述管理单元用于为各功能单元提供统一的管理方式和管理IP地址;
管理服务器通过管理单元对各功能单元进行维护和管理。
14、如权利要求13所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的系统,其特征在于,管理单元通过即插即用方式发现该功能单元,当有新的功能单元插入时,该功能单元向管理单元发送IP地址分配请求,管理单元响应请求,为该功能单元分配管理IP地址。
15、如权利要求13所述的对多个功能单元统一管理的系统,其特征在于,各功能单元通过管理单元上报配置信息及管理信息给管理代理,管理服务器通过管理单元的IP地址和功能单元的ID对功能单元进行管理。
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