CN1850087A - Effervescent tablet containing cefixime and its preparing method - Google Patents
Effervescent tablet containing cefixime and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1850087A CN1850087A CNA2006100386394A CN200610038639A CN1850087A CN 1850087 A CN1850087 A CN 1850087A CN A2006100386394 A CNA2006100386394 A CN A2006100386394A CN 200610038639 A CN200610038639 A CN 200610038639A CN 1850087 A CN1850087 A CN 1850087A
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- cefixime
- effervescent tablet
- acid
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- tablet
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an effervescent tablet containing cefixime and its preparation method. It contains 25-400 mg of cefixime and pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-dbase pair. Besides, the pharmaceutically-acceptable filling agent, adhesive, disintegrating agent, lubricating agent, sweetener and corrective also can be added according to the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medicine, be specifically related to a kind of effervescent tablet and preparation method that contains cefixime.
Background technology
Cefixime is a third generation oral cephalosporin, the clinical treatment that is applicable to pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute bronchitis and acute episode of chronic bronchitis due to the sensitive organism, otitis media, urinary tract infection, simple property gonorrhea (cervicitis or urethritis) etc.
According to Physician ' s Desk Reference (PDR57) version of the U.S., behind oral cefixime tablet and the dry suspension, absolute bioavailability is 40%～50%, and oral back peak reaching time of blood concentration is 2～6 hours.The bioavailability of cefixime solid preparation is lower, and onset speed is slower.
The present clinical practice dosage form of cefixime has tablet, capsule, dry suspension, granule, dispersible tablet.Tablet, capsule, dispersible tablet all have certain volume, need patient's water to swallow, and have difficulties for the patient of child, old people and the solid chemicals of can not swallowing; And dry suspension and granule all need add the water stirring in use, otherwise are difficult to homodisperse.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to develop the rapid onset of a kind of energy, has common cefixime tablet again and is convenient to deposit, transport, carry, be suitable for the cefixime effervescent tablet that the patient of child, old people and the solid chemicals of can not swallowing uses.
Another object of the present invention is the method that works out the above-mentioned cefixime effervescent tablet of preparation.
Said effervescent tablet is meant that the acid source that utilizes suitable proportion and alkali source are met and chemical reaction takes place behind the water discharges carbon dioxide and make disintegration of tablet, dispersion, dissolving and produce the tablet of carbon dioxide.
A kind of effervescent tablet that contains cefixime of the present invention, it contains acceptable acid-base pair on cefixime and the pharmaceutics, said acid-base pair be at least a its aqueous solution be tart acid compound and at least a with in the acid and the time can discharge the alkali compounds of carbon dioxide.
Every carrying capacity of cefixime effervescent tablet is the 10-400 milligram, and preferred 25-200 milligram is good.
The pH value of the solution that said effervescent tablet dissolving back is generated for well, is that 4.0-7.0 is better with its pH with 3.0-9.0 again.
Acid compound in the said acid-base pair can be tartaric acid, citric acid, potassium hydrogen tartrate, fumaric acid, adipic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, boric acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid or its combination.Preferred tartaric acid, citric acid or its combination.The content of acid compound in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 10-60% of every effervescent tablet, is preferably the 15-40% of every weight.
Alkali compounds in the said acid-base pair can be arginine, lysine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or its combination.Preferred sodium bicarbonate, arginine, sodium carbonate or its combination.Alkali compounds is the heavy 10-60% of every effervescent tablet at the content of each cefixime effervescent tablet, is preferably the heavy 20-40% of every sheet.
For the ease of the molding of effervescent tablet, in cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, also can contain filler.Filler can be sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, lactose, maltose, dextrin, maltodextrin, starch or its combination.The content of filler in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 5-70% of every effervescent tablet sheet, is preferably the 10-40% of every weight.
In order to be beneficial to the combination of each composition in the effervescent tablet, in cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, also should add binding agent, binding agent can be Different concentrations of alcohol solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone, syrup or its combination.The content of binding agent in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0.01-10% of every effervescent tablet sheet, is preferably 0.1-5%.
In order further to quicken the disintegration rate of effervescent tablet, make no accumulative granule after the effervescent tablet disintegrate, in cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, also can contain disintegrating agent.Disintegrating agent can be crosslinked carboxymethyl fecula sodium, crospolyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or its combination.The content of disintegrating agent in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0-8% of every effervescent tablet sheet, is preferably the 0-2% of every weight.
In order to guarantee the fairness of cefixime effervescent tablet preparation process, in cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, also should add lubricant.Said lubricant can be Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), micropowder silica gel, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, Stepanol MG, sodium lauryl sulphate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, sodium chloride or its combination of molecular weight 4000-6000.Preferred PEG6000, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium chloride or its combination.The content of lubricant in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0.1-5% of every effervescent tablet sheet, is preferably 1-3%.
In order to make the cefixime effervescent tablet pleasantly sweet when taking, in cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, also can add sweeting agent.Said sweeting agent can be aspartame, acesulfame potassium, sweet close element, saccharin sodium, protein sugar or its combination.The content of sweeting agent in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0.01-5% of every effervescent tablet sheet.
For the taste that makes the cefixime effervescent tablet better, in cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, also can add correctives, said correctives can be edible essence, Oleum menthae, fruity flavor or its combination, and the content in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0.1-2% of every effervescent tablet sheet.
The preparation method of effervescent tablet has multiple.A kind of method for making that contains the effervescent tablet of cefixime of the present invention has three kinds.
First kind is that each supplementary material of institute was placed the container mixing 10-40 minute, is transferred on the Drygranulatemachine and granulates, and mixes tabletting.
Second kind is that each supplementary material of institute was placed the container mixing 10-40 minute, add no aqueous adhesive and make soft material, and the granulation of sieving, drying adds lubricant, correctives and/or sweeting agent mix homogeneously, tabletting again.
The third is to get cefixime, alkali compounds and filler mixing, adds binding agent and makes soft material, the granulation of sieving, drying; Get acid compound and filler mixing again, add binding agent, the granulation of sieving, drying; With two parts granule, lubricant, correctives and/or sweeting agent mix homogeneously, tabletting.
In order to prevent that in preparation process moisture content from absorbing, and will control the temperature and the humidity of air in granulation and tabletting workshop.Temperature is controlled at the 18-25 degree, and relative humidity is controlled at 20-40% and is advisable.Because effervescent tablet to moisture-sensitive, should be stored in airtight, the moistureproof packaging material; Or be stored in the common vessel of lining with double-layer polyethylene, other puts the silica gel bag.
Taking the method for cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention, is the cefixime effervescent tablet to be put into drink warm water in right amount, and the cefixime effervescent tablet is met water disintegrate rapidly, dispersed or dissolved, and produces carbon dioxide simultaneously; Perhaps directly water is swallowed; Perhaps in the oral cavity, chew and take.Taking convenience, good mouthfeel more is applicable on the road and takes.
Stipulated the disintegration time assay method of effervescent tablet among two appendix XA of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2005: get 1, put in the 250ml beaker, fill 200ml water in the beaker, water temperature is the 15-25 degree, there is numerous air-bubble to emit, when the gas around tablet or the fragment stopped to overflow, tablet should dissolve or be dispersed in the water, and it is left not have accumulative granule.
For cefixime effervescent tablet more of the present invention and cefixime tablet reach the time and the maximum plasma concentration of maximum plasma concentration in vivo, measured blood drug level in the body of taking the rabbit behind above-mentioned two kinds of preparations respectively.Method is: 6 rabbit are divided into two groups at random, and three every group, difference single oral dose cefixime effervescent tablet of the present invention and cefixime tablet.Two kinds of preparation single doses all contain the 50mg cefixime.In 0～12 hour, get rabbit auricular vein blood 2ml at regular intervals, isolate blood plasma, and prepare need testing solution after adding the acetonitrile precipitation processing.Get need testing solution 20 μ l injection high performance liquid chromatograph and carry out peak area mensuration.High-efficient liquid phase chromatogram condition is: chromatographic column: Shimadzu VP-ODS C18 post (4.6mm * 250mm, 5 μ m); Mobile phase is acetonitrile-0.05mol/L TBAH solution (32:68), and regulating pH with phosphoric acid is 7.0; Column temperature: 30 degree; Detect wavelength: 286nm; Flow velocity: 1ml/min.Used instrument is the Shimadzu high performance liquid chromatograph.Result of the test shows, irritate stomach and give in the time of 2.22 hours, to reach maximum plasma concentration (8.79 μ g/ml) behind the solution that the disintegrate of a slice cefixime effervescent tablet forms, give in the time of 3.79 hours, to reach maximum plasma concentration (5.47 μ g/ml) behind the powder of a slice cefixime conventional tablet and irritate stomach.This has shown cefixime effervescent tablet speed of action of the present invention faster than conventional tablet, and than conventional tablet higher blood drug level is arranged.
The advantage of a kind of effervescent tablet that contains cefixime of the present invention and preparation method thereof is:
1, a kind of effervescent tablet that contains cefixime of the present invention can form uniform solution in water, has very high medicine dispersion, and onset speed is fast, and the blood drug level height has conventional tablet simultaneously concurrently and is convenient to the advantage of depositing and carrying.
2, contain sweeting agent and correctives in a kind of effervescent tablet that contains cefixime of the present invention, thus effervescent finish after gained solution when taking mouthfeel good, made us happy sense, be particularly useful for the patient of child, old people and the solid chemicals of can not swallowing.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Cefixime 50 grams
Tartaric acid 150 grams
Sodium bicarbonate 100 grams
Sucrose 170 grams
5%PVP aqueous solution 5 grams
PEG6000 10 grams
Aspartame 15 grams
Fructus Citri tangerinae essence 10 grams
Place container to mix 30 minutes cefixime 50 grams, sodium bicarbonate and 70 gram sucrose, cross 20 mesh sieves while add the 5%PVP aqueous solution, dry 45 minutes of 40 degree; Place container to mix 30 minutes in tartaric acid and 100 gram sucrose in addition, cross 20 mesh sieves while add the 5%PVP aqueous solution, dry 40 minutes of 50 degree.Two parts granule, aspartame, Fructus Citri tangerinae essence and PEG6000 were mixed 10 minutes, be transferred to and be equipped with on the tablet machine that diameter 11mm scrobicula dashes, be pressed into 1000.
Get 1 cefixime effervescent tablet by the foregoing description 1 preparation, put in the 250ml beaker, fill 200ml water in the beaker, water temperature is 23 degree, and finding has numerous air-bubble to emit, and effervescent tablet effervescent disintegrate in 90 seconds is complete.When the gas around tablet or the fragment stopped to overflow, tablet was dispersed in the water, and no aggregated particle is left.The pH value of water solution that is produced is 3.5.
Embodiment 2
Cefixime 100 grams
Tartaric acid 130 grams
Sodium bicarbonate 100 grams
Sucrose 170 grams
PEG6000 5 grams
Acesulfame potassium 15 grams
Fructus Citri tangerinae essence 10 grams
Place container to mix 30 minutes cefixime, tartaric acid, sodium bicarbonate, sucrose, Fructus Citri tangerinae essence, aspartame; be transferred on the Drygranulatemachine and granulate; add PEG6000 and mixed 10 minutes, transfer to and be equipped with on the tablet machine that diameter 11mm scrobicula dashes, be pressed into 1000.
Get 1 cefixime effervescent tablet by the foregoing description 2 preparations, put in the 250ml beaker, fill 200ml water in the beaker, water temperature is 24 degree, and finding has numerous air-bubble to emit, and effervescent tablet effervescent disintegrate in 2 minutes is complete.When the gas around tablet or the fragment stopped to overflow, tablet was dispersed in the water, and no aggregated particle is left.The pH value of water solution that is produced is 4.5.
Embodiment 3
Cefixime 50 grams
Tartaric acid 100 grams
Potassium hydrogen tartrate 40 grams
Sodium bicarbonate 100 grams
Sodium carbonate 20 grams
Mannitol 200 grams
Herba Menthae essence 6 grams
Aspartame 10 grams
5%PVP alcoholic solution 50 grams
Sodium lauryl sulphate 10 grams
Place container to mix 30 minutes cefixime, tartaric acid, potassium hydrogen tartrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sucrose, aspartame, Yi Bian add the 5%PVP alcoholic solution, Yi Bian cross 20 mesh sieves, dry 45 minutes of 40 degree.Dried granule, Herba Menthae essence and PEG6000 were mixed 10 minutes, be transferred to and be equipped with on the tablet machine that diameter 12mm scrobicula dashes, be pressed into 1000.
Get 1 cefixime effervescent tablet by the foregoing description 3 preparations, put in the 250ml beaker, fill 200ml water in the beaker, water temperature is 22 degree, and finding has numerous air-bubble to emit, and effervescent tablet effervescent disintegrate in 2 minutes is complete.When the gas around tablet or the fragment stopped to overflow, tablet dissolved was in water, and no aggregated particle is left.The pH value of water solution that is produced is 5.0.
Embodiment 4
Cefixime 50 grams
Tartaric acid 140 grams
Sodium bicarbonate 100 grams
Arginine 100 grams
Icing Sugar 100 grams
5%PVP aqueous solution 10 grams
Acesulfame potassium 10 grams
Sodium chloride 5 grams
Polyethylene glycol 6000 5 grams
Place container to mix 30 minutes cefixime, sodium bicarbonate, arginine and 50 gram sucrose, cross 20 mesh sieves while add the 5%PVP aqueous solution, dry 45 minutes of 40 degree; Place container to mix 30 minutes in tartaric acid and 50 gram sucrose in addition, cross 20 mesh sieves while add the 5%PVP aqueous solution, dry 40 minutes of 50 degree.Two parts granule, acesulfame potassium, sodium chloride and PEG6000 were mixed 10 minutes, be transferred to and be equipped with on the tablet machine that diameter 11mm scrobicula dashes, be pressed into 1000.
Get 1 cefixime effervescent tablet by the foregoing description 4 preparations, put in the 250ml beaker, fill 200ml water in the beaker, water temperature is 22 degree, and finding has numerous air-bubble to emit, and effervescent tablet effervescent disintegrate in 3 minutes is complete.When the gas around tablet or the fragment stopped to overflow, tablet dissolved was in water, and no aggregated particle is left.The pH value of water solution that is produced is 4.2.
Embodiment 5
Cefixime 200 grams
Ascorbic acid 60 grams
Citric acid 80 grams
Sodium carbonate 100 grams
Arginine 100 grams
Mannitol 150 grams
PEG6000 10 grams
Sodium chloride 10 grams
Saccharin sodium 10 grams
Strawberry essence 10 grams
Place container to mix 30 minutes cefixime, ascorbic acid, sodium carbonate, arginine, citric acid, mannitol, saccharin sodium, strawberry essence; be transferred on the Drygranulatemachine and granulate; adding PEG6000 and sodium chloride mixed 10 minutes; transfer to and be equipped with on the tablet machine that diameter 12mm scrobicula dashes, be pressed into 1000.
Get 1 cefixime effervescent tablet by the foregoing description 5 preparations, put in the 250ml beaker, fill 200ml water in the beaker, water temperature is 21 degree, and finding has numerous air-bubble to emit, and the effervescent disintegrate is complete in 3 minutes.When the gas around tablet or the fragment stopped to overflow, tablet dissolved was in water, and no aggregated particle is left.The pH value of water solution that is produced is 6.5.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of effervescent tablet that contains cefixime is characterized in that, it contains acceptable acid-base pair on cefixime and the pharmaceutics.Said acid-base pair be at least a kind of its aqueous solution be tart acid compound and at least a with in the acid and the time can discharge the alkali compounds of carbon dioxide.
2, according to a kind of cefixime effervescent tablet that contains of claim 1, it is characterized in that every carrying capacity of cefixime is the 25-400 milligram.
3, according to claim 1,2 one of them a kind of effervescent tablets that contain cefixime is characterized in that, the pH value of the solution that said effervescent tablet dissolving back is generated is 3.0-9.0.
According to a kind of effervescent tablet that contains cefixime of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, pH value is 4.0-7.0.
5, according to claim 1,2 one of them a kind of effervescent tablets that contain cefixime, it is characterized in that said acid compound is tartaric acid, citric acid, potassium hydrogen tartrate, fumaric acid, adipic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, boric acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid or its combination.The content of acid compound in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 10-60% of every effervescent tablet sheet.
6, according to claim 1,2 one of them a kind of effervescent tablets that contain cefixime is characterized in that said alkali compounds is arginine, lysine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or its combination.Alkali compounds is the heavy 10-60% of every effervescent tablet sheet at the content of each cefixime effervescent tablet.
7, according to claim 1,2 one of them a kind of effervescent tablets that contain cefixime, it is characterized in that, also contain filler, employed filler is sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, lactose, maltose, dextrin, maltodextrin, starch or its combination.The content of filler in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 5-70% of every effervescent tablet sheet.
8, according to claim 1,2 one of them a kind of effervescent tablets that contain cefixime is characterized in that also contain binding agent, said binding agent is dehydrated alcohol, Different concentrations of alcohol solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone, syrup or its combination.The content of binding agent in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0.01-15% of every effervescent tablet sheet, is preferably 0.1-15%.
9, according to claim 1,2 one of them a kind of effervescent tablets that contain cefixime, it is characterized in that, also contain lubricant, said lubricant is Polyethylene Glycol, micropowder silica gel, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, Stepanol MG, sodium lauryl sulphate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, sodium chloride or its combination of molecular weight 4000-6000.The content of lubricant in each cefixime effervescent tablet is the heavy 0.1-5% of every effervescent tablet sheet.
10, a kind of method for making that contains the effervescent tablet of cefixime, it is characterized in that a kind of is to get cefixime, alkali compounds and filler mixing, add binding agent, the granulation of sieving, drying is got acid compound, filler mixing again, adds binding agent, the granulation of sieving, drying is with two parts granule, lubricant, correctives and/or sweeting agent mix homogeneously, tabletting; Or place container to mix each supplementary material, and add binding agent, the granulation of sieving, drying is with granule and lubricant, correctives and/or sweeting agent mix homogeneously, tabletting; Or place container to mix each supplementary material, and being transferred to and being pressed into sheet on the tablet machine, the granulation of sieving mixes tabletting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100386394A CN100417383C (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-03-07 | Effervescent tablet containing cefixime and its preparing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100386394A CN100417383C (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-03-07 | Effervescent tablet containing cefixime and its preparing method |
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| CN1850087A true CN1850087A (en) | 2006-10-25 |
| CN100417383C CN100417383C (en) | 2008-09-10 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011078832A1 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | Mahmut Bilgic | Effervescent formulations comprising cefixime |
| WO2011093822A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Mahmut Bilgic | Effervescent formulations comprising cefixime and clavulanic acid as active agents |
| US20130164227A1 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2013-06-27 | Mahmut Bilgic | Production method and effervescent formulations comprising cephalosporin and clavulanic acid |
| WO2013109228A1 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-25 | Mahmut Bilgic | Formulations comprising cefixime as active agent |
| US8614315B2 (en) | 2009-12-25 | 2013-12-24 | Mahmut Bilgic | Cefdinir and cefixime formulations and uses thereof |
| CN103860563A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-18 | 四川科伦药业股份有限公司 | Cefditoren sodium containing-pharmaceutical composition |
| CN105287599A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-03 | 康普药业股份有限公司 | Cefradine pharmaceutical composition |
| CN107296800A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏黄河药业股份有限公司 | A kind of Loratadine effervescent tablet and preparation method thereof |
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| TR201000689A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-22 | Bi̇lgi̇ç Mahmut | Solid dosage forms containing cefprozil. |
| TR201000688A2 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-22 | B�Lg�� Mahmut | Effervescent formulations containing cefaclor and clavulanic acid as active ingredient. |
| WO2011142730A1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-17 | Mahmut Bilgic | Pharmaceutical composition comprising cefixime and clavulanic acid derivative compound |
| US20140294990A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | Timothy P. O'Connor | Throat gargle tablet and method of use thereof |
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| CN1261439C (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-06-28 | 余安国 | Cefixime sodium pharmaceutical composition and its preparation and application |
| CN1726919A (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-01 | 合肥霄云科技有限公司 | Oral disintegration tablet of cefixime |
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- 2006-03-07 CN CNB2006100386394A patent/CN100417383C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011078832A1 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | Mahmut Bilgic | Effervescent formulations comprising cefixime |
| WO2011078821A1 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | Mahmut Bilgic | Effervescent tablet and granule formulation comprising cefixime |
| US8614315B2 (en) | 2009-12-25 | 2013-12-24 | Mahmut Bilgic | Cefdinir and cefixime formulations and uses thereof |
| WO2011093822A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Mahmut Bilgic | Effervescent formulations comprising cefixime and clavulanic acid as active agents |
| WO2011093829A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Mahmut Bilgic | Effervescent formulations comprising cefixime and clavulanic acid as active agents |
| US20130164227A1 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2013-06-27 | Mahmut Bilgic | Production method and effervescent formulations comprising cephalosporin and clavulanic acid |
| US20190083385A1 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2019-03-21 | Mahmut Bilgic | Production method and effervescent formulations comprising cephalosporin and clavulanic acid |
| WO2013109228A1 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-25 | Mahmut Bilgic | Formulations comprising cefixime as active agent |
| CN103860563A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-18 | 四川科伦药业股份有限公司 | Cefditoren sodium containing-pharmaceutical composition |
| CN103860563B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-07-06 | 四川科伦药业股份有限公司 | Pharmaceutical composition containing cefditoren sodium |
| CN105287599A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-03 | 康普药业股份有限公司 | Cefradine pharmaceutical composition |
| CN107296800A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏黄河药业股份有限公司 | A kind of Loratadine effervescent tablet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100417383C (en) | 2008-09-10 |
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Granted publication date: 20080910 Termination date: 20120307 |