Vitamin A liposome artificial lacrimal eye drops
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of eye drop, particularly contain the liposome artificial lacrimal eye drops of vitamin A.Be used to prevent and treat xerophthalmia and eyestrain.
Background technology:
The generation reason of xerophthalmia or title drying property conjunctiva, xerophthalmia mainly contains the following aspects:
1. owing to advanced age, do not have enough sleep, physiological reasons such as psychentonia cause the tear downgrade.
2. take the influence that part depressor and part psychosis produce tear, some contraceptive can reduce the generation of tear at present.
4. be engaged in computer operation, car steering, reading and other fine manipulation for a long time.
5. owing to other reasons such as contact lens, anaphylaxis conjunctivitis, atmospheric pollution, ultraviolet, and the oligodacrya that causes, downgrade.
6. the xerophthalmia patient has in the environment of wind the air-flow sensitivity, makes bitot's patches especially easily, therefore, indoor than outdoor much comfortable; The xerophthalmia scheorma sense was serious when night or early morning woke up, because the generation of tear reduces during sleep.
Wherein, the main cause of trouble xerophthalmia is that the number of times minimizing causes because eyes blink.According to statistics, people's emmetropia number of times that blinks is per minute 15 times, and it only is 4 ~ 5 times during computation, be 2 ~ 3 times when driving, as the number of times that blinks reduces 75%, will be because of lacrimal secretion obviously reduce, the aerial time of corneal exposure surpasses breakup time of tear film, can't form complete tear film and suffers from xerophthalmia.
The main pathogeny of xerophthalmia is exactly because the conjunctiva that the deficiency of the matter of tear film or amount causes before the cornea, the result that corneal epithelium can not be kept normal function.The tear film is by as thin as a wafer surperficial fat layer (10.5 μ m) and be rich in proteinpolysaccharide and mucinous water layer is formed, the fat layer has the effect that delays the evaporation of tear film, and under 30% relative humidity condition, tear film evaporation rate is 3ml/h, evaporation reduces during high humidity, and evaporation increases when dry.
The local application of xerophthalmia mainly is the artificial tears.Five stages have been experienced in artificial tears's development, are the of short duration normal saline of effect etc. in early days; Be methylcellulose (methylcellulose) (prolong action time, but make blurred vision) in 1945 then; It is later on polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinylalcohol, PVA tool film forming character) in 1964; Then be artificial tears such as the TearsNatural (tear is right) that contains the polymer of eye table tool characterization of adsorption, and SR-AT (slow release artificial tear, slow-release artificial tears); Present artificial tears uses polyacrylic acid (polyacrylic acid, effectiveness and toleration all are better than PVA) etc., adds various nutrients or medicine to make, and is intended to make the artificial tears to be turned to by simple moistening eye table and promotes a surface drying change rehabilitation simultaneously.
From the experiment and the clinical research of xerophthalmia traditional Chinese medical science topical therapeutic, Chinese medicine has the certain curative effect xerophthalmia except that the sweet tear of Huang, and DONGSHEN tear etc. are invalid substantially.The research that shows traditional Chinese medical science topical therapeutic xerophthalmia is also very limited, also is in the starting stage
Ophthalmology discovers that the tear film is made up of three layers of different separable film.These layers comprise: lipid, moisture content and mucus.Most of xerophthalmia patients are that lipid is destroyed.Liposome in the liposome artificial tears eye drop plays the effect (liposome is average 150 nanometers of trickle vesicle diameter that swim in aqueous phase) that discharges phospholipid, help to increase spontaneous lipid conformation within the eye, improve the quality of tear film, because the slow releasing function of liposome can be preserved moisture for a long time, and by slowly discharging vitamin A nutrition cornea epithelium.
Liposome artificial lacrimal eye drops can help to suffer from the xerophthalmia of dyslipidemias or evaporation, in fact is a sealant, seals the effect that spontaneous lipid also can produce migration, joins in the composition of tear film.
The product that has gone on the market at present has:
The artificial tears of U.S. Allergan company, main component: polyvinyl alcohol;
The U.S. is liked and the tear in health eye pharmaceutical factory is right, main component: hypromellose, sodium borate; Happy: sodium chloride, sodium borate, potassium chloride;
The artificial tears of Japan Santen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., main component: hyaluronate sodium;
The abundant gel of the promise of Switzerland Novartis, main component: contain vitamin A corneal protection gel;
U.S. Bausch ﹠ Lomb Inc only ceases gel, main component: 0.2% carbomer, 4% sorbitol.
The clean eye drops of profit of honest Fu Ruida pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, main component: vitamin B6, hyaluronic acid sodium, taurine;
Nanjing Li Xin Pharma Inc. replaces as if the eye drop artificial tears main component: contain thickening agent.Auspicious pearl (polyvinyl alcohol eye drop) preservative free artificial tears provides the eye table to moisten lastingly, is fit to prolonged application and alleviates symptoms such as eye dryness, foreign body sensation, asthenopia, single packing.
From these product main components is water, inorganic salt, thickening agent and water-soluble nutrient substance.The abundant gel of promise that has only Switzerland Novartis to produce contains fat-soluble A, and its composition is VitA cetylate 10mg (1000IU)/g, polyacrylic acid (Carbopol980) 3.5mg/g, salt cetrimonium bromide 0.1mg/g.Indication: promote corneal healing, the treatment xerophthalmia.Dosage: adult and child: one day 3-4 time, each one or decide on the degree of being in a bad way.Unless the interests of medication much larger than danger, are not advocated to use this product in gestation and nursing women.Untoward reaction: idol has of short duration burn feeling and eyelid adhesion and/or blurred vision, and anaphylaxis seldom takes place.
Artificial tears and the natural tears that goes on the market both at home and abroad at present more all lacks lipid as previously mentioned, because of lipid can not be water-soluble so can not be prepared into eye drop.
Tear by twinkling of eyelid and the wandering eye surface that is distributed in of the tear of tear, forms the tear film of being made up of rete malpighii, slurry layer and lipid layer (seeing accompanying drawing 1,2) in fissura palpebrae portion in conjunctival sac.Lipid layer is positioned at the outermost layer of tear film, and body temperature is liquid down, and mainly by the tarsal glands secretion, composition is compositions such as phospholipid (PL), triglyceride, free fatty and free cholesterol.Phosphatidylcholine (PC) wherein, PHOSPHATIDYL ETHANOLAMINE (PE) and sphingomyelins are main component.Main effect is the stability that prevents the evaporation of tear and strengthen the tear film.In addition, lipid layer can also provide the damage of twinkling and cause with minimizing in slick plane.Slick lipid layer still is good refracting media.Under the normal condition, the evaporation capacity of tear is about 0.15mL/min, if do not have lipid layer, then evaporates 0.85-1.7mL/min, can reach under the normal condition more than 10 times.Currently should avoid using the artificial tear of tradition, because of it only is the taking stopgap measures effect that the eye table adds water, but and should use and contain the artificial tear treating both the principal and secondary aspects of a disease that the treatment epithelium is done change or lachrymal gland pathological changes, be artificial tear of the 5th generation.The beginning of the nineties, just the someone advocated to add in the artificial tear nutrient such as vitamin B12 and A.Vitamin A is the nutritional labeling of needed by human, absorbs through intestinal mucosa in vivo to be converted into retinol, and retinol plays important effect to visual system.Vitamin A is participated in the metabolism of cornea directly, keeps the normal function of cornea.
The eye drop administration because the effect of ocular movement and nose tear system makes a large amount of drug loss, needs multiple dosing every day, and dosage is inaccurate, and the intraocular drug fluctuation of concentration is big; Suspension or ointment administration affect one's power of vision again and ocular movement.For overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, adopt to add hydrophilic gel carbomer (carbomer) increase viscosity, delay the holdup time of medicine, increase absorption; But make blurred vision easily, influence eyelid movement; Or implant long lasting controlled-release administrating system, but the patient has foreign body sensation.Ideal dosing eyes system should be able to keep drug depot, discharges medicine for a long time; Can penetrate cornea effectively, arrive each agents area of ophthalmic; Can reduce the part and the whole body toxic and side effects of original medicine; Preparation is transparent, does not influence the normal physiological function of eye.
The present invention is through discovering, using low dosage (0.25mg/ml) vitamin A palmitate is safe and effective for preventing and treating xerophthalmia and eyestrain, there is not any untoward reaction, simultaneously vitamin A palmitate is made liposome artificial lacrimal eye drops, be particularly suitable for xerophthalmia and asthenopic treatment, and need not antiseptic.
Liposome of the present invention is as the dosing eyes system, and its composition material is a phosphide, cholesterol, and vitamin E (antioxidant), rather similar to the lipid layer of tear.Can promote medicine to biomembranous penetrance behind the liposomal encapsulated medicine, thus medicine external eye drip to stride the cornea transport efficacy higher; By selecting different preparation methoies, making the liposome particle diameter is between 100nm~500nm, and splashing into eye does not have foreign body sensation, does not influence the eyes normal physiological function.
Summary of the invention:
The invention provides the artificial tears of the liposomal encapsulated fat-soluble A of a kind of usefulness, both replenished the lipid among the artificial tears and also added nutrient.
Of the present invention consisting of:
Fat-soluble A, liposomal encapsulated material, vitamin E and artificial tears's hydrating fluid.
Wherein, fat-soluble A is vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate.
Liposomal encapsulated material is granulesten and cholesterol.
Artificial tears's hydrating fluid consist of sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, glucose, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, water etc., also can add Mentholum, PVP, one or more of auxiliary elements such as HPMC as required in addition, artificial tears's hydrating fluid of the present invention is a prior art, can be by the preparation of prior art means.
Of the present invention consisting of: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.125-10.0g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 4.45-17.8g
Cholesterol 0.55-2.2g
Vitamin E 0.025-0.1g
All the other are water
The composition of 1000ml artificial tears hydrating fluid:
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
All the other are water, Mentholum, and PVP, auxiliary elements such as HPMC, water, Mentholum, PVP, the addition of HPMC is to regulate according to the total amount of artificial tears's hydrating fluid, belongs to prior art.
Preferred group of the present invention becomes: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.2-1.0g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8-10g
Cholesterol 1-1.2g
Vitamin E 0.04-0.06g
All the other are water
Most preferred consisting of of the present invention: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.25-0.5g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8.90g
Cholesterol 1.10g
Vitamin E 0.05g
All the other are water
Most preferred composition example of the present invention is seen the embodiment of the invention.
The key technical indexes of the present invention is:
Principal agent concentration: contain 0.25mg-10mg among the 1ml.
This product contains vitamin A palmitate (C
36H
60O
2) or vitamin A acetate should be the 90.0-110.0% of labelled amount.
PH value: 5.0-7.0.
Liposomal encapsulated vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate, envelop rate is 70~95%.
Liposome is made up of granulesten and cholesterol, and the mol ratio of granulesten and cholesterol is 7: 3.
Antioxidant is a vitamin E.
The liposome particle diameter is 50~500nm.
Peroxide value must not be crossed 15meq/L.
Osmotic pressure: should be 230-340mSoM.
Thickening agent is PVP (concentration is 0.002%)
Other indexs should meet the Chinese people two (version in 2005) appendix XIX E of state's pharmacopeia microcapsule, microsphere and Liposomal formulation guideline altogether; Appendix IJ eye drop general rule.
The present invention's's " vitamin A liposome artificial lacrimal eye drops " preparation method can be following method:
1. take by weighing the vitamin A palmitate of recipe quantity or vitamin A acetate, soybean phospholipid, cholesterol, vitamin E, with chloroform or dehydrated alcohol or ether or petroleum ether dissolution.
With lipid soln on membrane evaporator, decompression is removed organic solvent and is got lipid film.
3. by prescription preparation artificial tears hydrating fluid, aseptic filtration is standby.
4. with solution 3 impouring immobilized artificial membranes, treat the complete aquation of immobilized artificial membrane after, with the high pressure homogenizer extruding, push repeatedly 10 times or prepare liposome with the ultrasonic cell disintegration crusher machine, granularity should be at 60-500nm.
5. under the sterile working, 0.4 milliliter of single dose packing promptly.
Of the present invention is a kind of artificial lacrimal eye drops; feature is with liposomal encapsulated with fat-soluble vitamin A; make it water-soluble; not only contain the vitamin A (being commonly called as the xerophthalmia vitamin) of protecting eyes; and contain in the natural tears indispensable lipid and eyes are also had good action as the E that supports one's family of antioxidant, achieve many things at one stroke.Single dose bag (0.4ml/ props up) does not contain antiseptic, antiseptic damage corneal epithelium when avoiding life-time service.
Feature of the present invention also is, uses low dosage vitamin A effect best, has no side effect, and in conjunction with having promoted curative effect, makes eyes more comfortable vitamin A and liposome, has synergism.
The specific embodiment:
Further specify the present invention by the following examples, but not as limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.25g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8.90g
Cholesterol 1.10g
Vitamin E 0.05g
1000ml
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is as follows:
1. take by weighing the vitamin A palmitate of recipe quantity or vitamin A acetate, soybean phospholipid, cholesterol, vitamin E, with chloroform or dehydrated alcohol or ether or petroleum ether dissolution.
With lipid soln on membrane evaporator, decompression is removed organic solvent and is got lipid film.
3. by prescription preparation hydrating fluid, aseptic filtration is standby.
4. with solution 3 impouring immobilized artificial membranes, treat the complete aquation of immobilized artificial membrane after, with the high pressure homogenizer extruding, push repeatedly 10 times or prepare liposome with the ultrasonic cell disintegration crusher machine, granularity should be at 60-500nm.
5. under the sterile working, 0.4 milliliter of single dose packing promptly.
Embodiment 2:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.5g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8.25g
Cholesterol 1.75g
Vitamin E 0.05g
1000ml
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
Mentholum 10mg
PVP 20mg
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 1.0g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 7.52g
Cholesterol 2.48g
Vitamin E 0.05g
1000ml
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
HPMC 250mg
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.25g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8.90g
Cholesterol 1.10g
Vitamin E 0.05g
1000ml
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
HPMC 250mg
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.25g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8.90g
Cholesterol 1.10g
Vitamin E 0.05g
1000ml
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
Mentholum 10mg
PVP 20mg
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.125g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 4.45g
Cholesterol 0.55g
Vitamin E 0.025g
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 10.0g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 17.8g
Cholesterol 2.2g
Vitamin E 0.1g
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 0.2g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 8g
Cholesterol 1g
Vitamin E 0.04g
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
Calcium chloride 0.42g
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9:
Prescription: 1000ml fat-soluble A liposome
Vitamin A palmitate or vitamin A acetate (calculating) 1.0g with vitamin A
Soybean phospholipid 10g
Cholesterol 1.2g
Vitamin E 0.06g
The preparation of hydrating fluid: 1000ml
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20g
Sodium chloride 9.00g
Glucose 1.00g
Potassium chloride 0.14g
1000ml
PH value: 5.0~7.0
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.