CN1849638A - Electrophoretic display activation with symmetric data frames - Google Patents
Electrophoretic display activation with symmetric data frames Download PDFInfo
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- CN1849638A CN1849638A CN 200480025679 CN200480025679A CN1849638A CN 1849638 A CN1849638 A CN 1849638A CN 200480025679 CN200480025679 CN 200480025679 CN 200480025679 A CN200480025679 A CN 200480025679A CN 1849638 A CN1849638 A CN 1849638A
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Abstract
A system implements a method of activating an electrophoretic display ( 10 ). First, the system receives image information ( 14 ) and generates a plurality of symmetric data frames ( 70 ) from the received image information. The symmetric data frames include symmetric pixel data ( 72 ) and substantially symmetric data-frame times ( 74 ). Thereafter, the system addresses the electrophoretic display ( 10 ) based on the symmetric pixel data and the substantially symmetric data-frame times.
Description
Present invention relates in general to electrophoretic display device (EPD), relate more specifically to the excitation of the matrix of electrophoretic display.
Electrophoretic display medium is to be used to adopt the form of visual literal or image to come the non-volatile systems of storing digital information.Electrophoretic display device (EPD) is characterized in that moving polarization or charged particle generally in the electric field that is applied, and can be bistable, and display element have at the first and second different show states aspect at least one optical property of the brightness of color or darkness.In the electrophoretic display device (EPD) of development recently, micro-encapsulated particle in electric ink is driven into a state by the electronic impulse of finite duration or another show state occurs afterwards, and the state that is driven after driving voltage is removed exists.This display is when having the state stability of good brightness and contrast, wide visual angle, two or more states and the attribute of low-power consumption when comparing with LCD (LCD).In the U.S. Patent No. 6 of people such as Albert in announcement on May 23rd, 2000,067, the U.S. Patent No. 6 that people such as 185 " Process forCreating an Encapsulated Electrophoretic Display " and Albert announced on January 25th, 2000,017, among 584 " the Multi-Color Electrophoretic Displays and Materials for Making theSame " a kind of exemplary electrical phoretic display with micro-capsule has been described, this micro-capsule comprises cellulose or gellike phase and liquid phase, perhaps comprises two or more immiscible fluids.
Electrophoretic display device (EPD) receives view data and can come addressing by the active matrix that driving is positioned on this display front side or the rear side.Active Matrix Display has such as the inherent addressing of the stationary coordinate on the individual element grid machine-processed so that write text and figure exactly.Exemplary Electronphoretic display unit is included in the electrophoretic ink layer that has transparent common electrode on the side, and has the substrate or the base plate of embarking on journey into the row arranged pixel electrodes.Intersection between the row and column is associated with the image pixel that forms between the part of pixel electrode and common electrode.Pixel electrode is connected to transistor drain, and this transistorized source electrode and row electrode electric coupling and this transistorized grid are electrically connected to column electrode.The common active matrix that forms of this configuration of pixel electrode, transistor, column electrode and row electrode.Line driver provides row selection signal via column electrode so that select pixel column, and row driver provides data-signal via row electrode and transistor to selected pixel column.Data-signal on the row electrode is corresponding to wanting data presented, and is formed for the drive signal of the one or more pixels in the drive cataphoresis display together with row selection signal.
Electrophoretic ink is also referred to as electric ink or e-ink, between transparent common electrode and pixel electrode, and generally comprises and has diameter at about 10 to 50 microns a plurality of micro-capsules.In an example of black and white display, each micro-capsule is included in the white particles and the electronegative black particles of the positively charged that suspends in the fluid.When from transparent common electrode when pixel electrode applies positive electric field, electronegative black particles shifts to this common electrode and pixel becomes darker to the observer.Simultaneously, the white particles of positively charged is shifted to the pixel electrode on the base plate, outlying observation person's sight line.
Usually in the active matrix monochromatic electrophoretic display, produce gray level in the specific period applying driving voltage between pixel electrode and the common electrode.For the distinctive active matrix electrophoretic display device (EPD) of current techniques, can use width modulation frame by frame to produce three voltage levels :-15 volts ,+15 volts and 0 volt.Frame updating rate relatively slowly such as at having 800 or 20 milliseconds frame time of 600 row displays of multiple row more, has limited the number and the grayscale accuracy of gray level, and this gray scale is normally defined the product of driving voltage and frame time.In being about under 500 milliseconds the situation of long switching time relatively of changing to black to white or white for black, needing reach 25 Frames and switch ink.Because each all has the identical fixedly duration in all frames, so the driving of Electronphoretic display unit is inflexible.The number of gray-level accuracy and gray-scale value is restricted, and the difference between two gray-scale values subsequently is quite big.Because for electrophoretic display device (EPD), want higher frame rate so that improve gray level resolution, so proposed to be used to obtain the several different methods of higher frame rate.
A kind of solution of proposition is to produce variable high frame rate by the variable row selection time with high clock rate combination.This is useful when using the identical frame period for whole drive waveforms.
The solution that is used to overcome another proposition of limited gray level resolution is to comprise that row postpones variable frame time pattern.Row postpones variable frame time pattern and uses row to postpone to change frame time, and this row postpones for example can have shorter frame time for a specific frame when comparing with the frame time at preceding frame that is right after.Because with rate scanning first frame slower than second frame, thus first image duration pixel in first row keep their longer period of driving voltage than the pixel in the delegation in the end.Therefore the pixel in last column can be converted to those the gray level that is different from first row, and this so-called vertical crosstalk, and the gradual change of gray level is visible using row to postpone in the variable pattern-driven display of frame time.The U.S. Patent No. 5 of authorizing as Strik on Dec 8th, 1998,847, described in 684 " the Display Devicewith Mirror-Symmetrical Pixels ", crosstalking in having various types of displays of liquid crystal, electrophoresis suspensioning liquid or electrochromic material all is a problem.
Preferably, the different frame periods can be used for the different part of waveform, so that can use the short frame period so that the influence of image history minimizes, and can use reset display and apply the data pulse of power consumption of long frame period with reduction for short-period micro-capsule particle oscillation or preconditioning.
The high resolving power gray level image of electrophoretic display device (EPD) needs a lot of gray levels and high grayscale accuracy, eliminates vertical crosstalk simultaneously.Therefore, what need is the method and system that comes drive cataphoresis display with variable frame time, it has improved show uniformity and has avoided existing vertical crosstalk, and it is that whole display is created the shortest possible update time, provide thus to have the most accurate and image most probable number MPN purpose gray level, simultaneously the power of consumes least.In addition, the method for desirable drive cataphoresis display also need be effectively for the number of required frame, so that limit total image update time, provides required image homogeneity, resolution and degree of accuracy simultaneously.
A form of the present invention is the method that electrophoretic display activation reduces vertical crosstalk simultaneously.Receive image information and produce a plurality of symmetric data-frame according to the image information that is received.Symmetric data-frame can comprise relevant with image or with the irrelevant information of image.Symmetric data-frame comprises the Frame time of pixel data and substantial symmetry.Frame time addressed electrophoretic display according to pixel data and substantial symmetry.
Another form of the present invention is the system that is used for electrophoretic display activation, it comprises the electrophoretic pixel array that is arranged on the base plate, be used for producing the device of a plurality of symmetric data-frame according to the image information that is received, described image information comprises the Frame time of pixel data and substantial symmetry and is used for device according to the Frame time address electrophoretic pixels array of pixel data and substantial symmetry.
Another form of the present invention is an electrophoretic display device (EPD), and it comprises electrophoretic pixel array, line driver, row driver and the controller that is arranged on the base plate.Line driver is electrically connected to the row of electrophoretic pixel array.Row driver is electrically connected to the row of electrophoretic pixel array.Controller is electrically connected to line driver and row driver.Controller produces a plurality of symmetric data-frame according to the image information of the Frame time that comprises pixel data and substantial symmetry that is received.Controller is according to the Frame time addressed electrophoretic display of described pixel data and substantial symmetry, with at least one electrophoretic display in the excitation electrophoretic pixel array.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, according to the following detailed description of this preferred embodiment, above-mentioned form of the present invention and other form, feature and advantage will become more obvious.The detailed description and the accompanying drawings only are explanation of the present invention rather than restriction, and scope of the present invention is limited by claims and equivalent thereof.
By accompanying drawing each embodiment of the present invention is described, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the illustrative sectional view according to the part of the electrophoretic display device (EPD) of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 2 according to one embodiment of the present of invention, be used for the synoptic diagram of the system of electrophoretic display activation;
Fig. 3 illustrates to use the variable data frame time to come the sequential chart of the method for electrophoretic display activation;
Fig. 4 be illustrate according to one embodiment of the present of invention, use symmetric data-frame to come the sequential chart of the method for electrophoretic display activation;
Fig. 5 be illustrate according to another embodiment of the present invention, use symmetric data-frame to come the sequential chart of the method for electrophoretic display activation;
Fig. 6 is according to one embodiment of the present of invention, the drive waveforms of utilizing the symmetric data-frame in the part relevant with image of drive waveforms to come electrophoretic display activation; With
Fig. 7 according to one embodiment of the present of invention, be used for the process flow diagram of the method for electrophoretic display activation.
Fig. 1 is the illustrative sectional view according to the part of the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 of one embodiment of the present of invention.Electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 comprises the addressable array with electrophoretic display 22 or the electrophoretic pixel array 20 of matrix.
In the exemplary embodiment, electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 comprises one deck electrophoretic ink 24 that is arranged on the base plate 32.Electrophoretic ink 24 can comprise one of several commercially available electrophoretic inks, and this electrophoretic ink is commonly called electric ink or e-ink.Electrophoretic ink 24 comprises the thin electrocoating film that for example has millions of tiny micro-capsules, and wherein the white particles of positively charged and electronegative black particles are suspended in the fluid of clarification.Other modification is fine, such as the black particles and the electronegative white particles of positively charged, and the perhaps black of the colored particle of a polarity and opposite polarity or white particles, or the colored particle in the white fluid, or the particle in the gaseous fluid.
Can rotate on the required direction or electrophoresis particle that translation is packaged by electric field is applied to.Electrophoresis particle is redirected or migration along the field line of applying electric field, and can switch to another from an optical states according to the direction of electric field and the time of intensity and permission switching state.For example, when negative electric field was applied to display, white particles moved on to the top of micro-capsule, and to the user as seen they become there.This makes the surface present white at the tip position or the outside surface of micro-capsule.Simultaneously, the bottom that electric field is moved black particles to micro-capsule, they are hidden there.When this process counter-rotating, black particles appears at the top of micro-capsule, and this makes the surface present dead color on the surface of micro-capsule.When removing driving voltage, fixing image remains on the display surface.
Be positioned at transparent common electrode 26 on the side of electrophoretic ink 24 and for example comprise transparent conductive material such as the tin indium oxide, it makes it possible to observe from the top side electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.Common electrode 26 needn't be by graphically.Electrophoretic ink 24 and common electrode 26 can use the protective clear layer 28 such as the tygon thin layer to cover.Stickum can be arranged on the opposite side of electrophoretic ink 24 so that can be attached on the base plate 32.The layer of electrophoretic ink 24 can glue together, bonding or in other words be attached on the base plate 32.Base plate 32 comprise mould, glass, pottery or metal backing layer, it has addressable pixel electrode array and supports electronic circuit.In alternative embodiment, pixel electrode can be arranged on the identical substrate with common electrode, can produce plane electric fields whereby so that planar improved on the direction.
When the layer of electrophoretic ink 24 was attached to base plate 32, the single pixel electrode 36 on the base plate 32 can be positioned on one or more electrophoretic display 22 predetermined charge 34.The electric field that is produced by electric charge 34 causes the transformation from an optical states of electrophoretic ink 24 to another.Electric field produces that the layer be used at electrophoretic ink 24 redirects and/or the power of mobile charged particle, and the demonstration of black and white or variable color is provided, and can present text, figure, image, photo and other view data in view of the above.For example can be by amplitude, level, position and the sequential of control driving voltage and gray tone or the particular color that associated charge 34 realizes electrophoretic ink 24.
By applying driving voltage to one or more pixel electrodes 36, placing the electric charge 34 of scheduled volume and electrophoretic ink 24 switched to the addressing that required optical states is finished electrophoretic ink 24 thereon.Electric charge 34 applied and store on the pixel electrode 36 make and when removing driving voltage, can continue to encourage electrophoretic ink 24, even excitation is with the markers generation slower than scanning process.The short-term storage effect of electric charge makes and can scan other pixel column in ink when image continues to form on the pixel electrode 36.The activation charge 34 that removal is applied is with electrophoretic ink 24 coolings or be fixed on the optical states that is obtained.
For example, can switch to black to electrophoretic ink 24 from white.In another example, the optical states of initial black is controllably switched to grey or white states.In another example, white optical state is switched to gray optical state.In another example, coloured electrophoretic ink switches to another kind according to the driving voltage and the activation charge 34 that are applied to pixel electrode 36 from a kind of color.After finishing addressing and switching, comprise that the electrophoretic display device (EPD) continuation of electrophoretic ink 24 is visual, and do not have extra power consumption.
For example can utilize thin film transistor (TFT) array on the base plate 32 and the row and column driver address electrophoretic pixels 22 that is associated, this row and column driver is placed into predetermined charge 34 on the pixel electrode 36 of electrophoretic display 22 official hour so that reach required optical states.Remove electric charge subsequently so that make electrophoretic display 22 remain on the optical states that is obtained.Can obtain middle gray-scale value by the electric field intensity on control actuation duration amount and the electrophoretic display 22.When removing electric field, even remove power supply, particle still remains on the optical states that is obtained, and the image that is written to electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 still is held.
The parts of the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 of all size or sheet (tile) can be assembled in together or be placed side by side, for example can be installed in panel or other electrophoretic display device (EPD) in big lip-deep almost any required size so that form.Electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 for example can form several centimetres of sides and take advantage of one meter or bigger size up to one meter.Electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 with the driver electronics that is associated can be used for for example monitor, laptop computer, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), mobile phone, e-book, electronic newspaper and e-magazine.
Fig. 2 according to one embodiment of the present of invention, be used for the synoptic diagram of the system 12 of electrophoretic display activation 10.This system comprises electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10, controller 30, line driver 40 and the row driver 50 with electrophoretic pixel array 20, and electrophoretic pixel array 20 comprises the separately addressable electrophoretic display 22 that is arranged on display panel or the base plate 32.Line driver 40 is electrically connected to the row 44 of electrophoretic pixel array 20 via column electrode 42.Row driver 50 is electrically connected to the row 54 of electrophoretic pixel array 20 via row electrode 52.Controller 30 is electrically connected to line driver 40 and row driver 50.Controller 30 sends command signal so that address electrophoretic pixels 22 to line driver 40 and row driver 50.Storer can be couple to controller 30 or be included in this controller 30 so as storage such as view data, with the irrelevant drive waveforms information of image, drive waveforms information, Frame time and the pixel data relevant with image.
When by line driver 40 and row driver 50 address electrophoretic pixels 22, encourage electrophoretic display 22 by applying excitation potential and predetermined charge 34 being placed on the side of electrophoretic display 22, simultaneously common electrode 26 is biased in zero volt or another suitable electromotive force.The electrophoretic display 22 that on a side, has common electrode 26 and on opposite side, have a pixel electrode 36 form can charge or discharge to the capacitor of required level.When charging, electrophoretic display 22 will be from an optical state transition to another.Can add additional capacitor in parallel with each electrophoretic display 22 so that increase charge storage.In an example, line driver 40 and row driver 50 provide with controller 30 cooperations so that to selected electrophoretic display 22 have positive amplitude, the driving voltage of negative amplitude or zero amplitude, thus positive charge, negative charge or electric charge is not sent on the pixel electrode that is associated.
The electrophoretic display 22 of electrophoretic pixel array 20 arranges that according to row-column format it makes it possible to sequentially select successively row 44, and is positioned on the row electrode 52 corresponding to the view data of each electrophoretic display 22 in the selected row.Each electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic pixel array 20 is being electrically connected on the side on the common electrode 26 that is referred to as ground connection or 0 volt.Predetermined charge 34 can be located on the pixel electrode 36 on the opposite side of electrophoretic display 22 so that electrophoretic display 22 is driven into required optical states.For example, the positive charge 34 that is positioned on the electrophoretic display 22 makes pixel become white, and the negative charge 34 that is positioned on the electrophoretic display 22 makes pixel become dead color.The discharge of electric charge or removal otherwise make electrophoretic display be frozen in the optical states that is obtained.
Active switch element arrays such as thin film transistor (TFT) 38 can be positioned on the side of electrophoretic display 22 required electric charge 34.Line driver 40 is connected to the row 44 of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 via column electrode 42.Each column electrode 42 is connected to the grid of delegation's thin film transistor (TFT) 38, makes when capable voltage being elevated to the transistor 38 of forward voltage in can this row of conducting when above.Line driver 40 is sequentially selected column electrode 42, and row driver 50 provides data-signal to row electrode 52.Row driver 50 is connected to the row electrode 52 of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.Each row electrode 52 is connected to the source electrode of a row thin film transistor (TFT) 38.The common active matrix that forms of this configuration of pixel, transistor 38 and row and column electrode.Line driver 40 is provided for selecting the selection signal of the row 44 of electrophoretic display 22, and row driver 50 provides data-signal via row electrode 52 and transistor 38 to the row 44 of selected electrophoretic display 22.
Preferably, controller 30 is at first handled input image information 14 and is produced data-signal and drive waveforms.Phase mutually synchronization between line driver 40 and the row driver 50 is undertaken by fetching with being electrically connected of controller 30.Select one or more row 44 of pixel electrode 36 via transistor 38 from the selection signal of line driver 40.Transistor 38 have with the drain electrode of pixel electrode 36 electric couplings, with the gate electrode of column electrode 42 electric couplings and with the source electrode of row electrode 52 electric couplings.The data-signal that is present in row electrode 52 is sent to the pixel electrode 36 that the drain electrode with the transistor 38 of conducting couples simultaneously.Data-signal and row selection signal form at least a portion of drive waveforms together.Data-signal is corresponding to wanting data presented, and together with selecting signal to be formed for driving the drive waveforms of the one or more electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic pixel array 20.The generated time of drive waveforms represents wherein can write or refresh the image update cycle of new image.
The amplitude and the polarity that are positioned at the electric charge 34 on each electrophoretic display 22 depend on the driving voltage that is applied to pixel electrode 36.In an example, can place negative voltage, no-voltage or positive energize voltage each to list, such as-15V, 0V and 15V.When selecting each row 44, can place electric charge 34 each pixel electrode 36 of this row or therefrom remove electric charge 34 according to column voltage.For example, can place negative charge, positive charge or zero charge on the pixel electrode 36 of electrophoretic display 22 so that switch optical states in view of the above.When addressing next line 44, the electric charge 34 on the pixel of previous addressing continues to reside on the pixel electrode 36, till quilt drive waveforms is subsequently upgraded or in other words discharged.
Can be by on electrophoretic display 22, keeping predetermined charge 34 a series of one or more Frames, the view data gray scale of finishing to electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 writes.For each row 44 in the display, each Frame comprises pixel data and corresponding pixel address information.Utilize display message to come sequentially all row 44 time interval composition data frame time once in the addressed display.For image duration to the signal that electrophoretic display 22 provides and image is irrelevant, controller 30 control row drivers 50 are so that all electrophoretic display 22 in the row 44 receive the signal that these have nothing to do with image simultaneously.This carries out line by line, and controller 30 for example makes all crystals pipe 38 in the selected row enter conducting state according to selecting the mode of row to control line driver 40 one by one.In order to provide the signal relevant to electrophoretic display 22 with image in image duration, controller 30 control line drivers 40 are so that select each row successively, for example make all crystals pipe 38 in the selected row enter conducting state, controller 30 is also controlled row driver 50 so that the electrophoretic display 22 in each selected row 44 receives these signals relevant with image simultaneously via the transistor 38 that is associated simultaneously.Controller 30 provides horizontal-drive signal so that select particular row 44 and provide the row drive signal so that required voltage level and corresponding charge 34 are placed on each electrophoretic display 22 of selected row 44 to row driver 50 to line driver 40.Controller 30 can provide the Frame that is suitable for electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 is reset to predetermined optical state.
Frame subsequently can comprise identical display message or have the update displayed information of additional pixel data.After electrophoretic display 22 has been reset to white or black optic state, under situation about plus or minus electric charge 34 being applied on the pixel electrode 36, determine the gray level of specific pixel by the number of successive frame with identical content, such as zero to 15 consecutive frames.Each frame has the equal Frame time, and the result forms the gray level resolution of 16 grades of each pixels.In another example, improve gray level resolution by the frame time that changes one or more frames.In another example, the appropriate position between symmetric data-frame is inserted additional data frames and has been improved gray level resolution and degree of accuracy.In order to ensure the homogeneity of the image that writes between first row of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 and last column, can use symmetric data-frame to guarantee that pixel in first row has the actuation duration identical with pixel in last column so that minimize or reduce vertical crosstalk with variable frame time.Symmetric data-frame can comprise null pixel data (zero) or non-zero pixel data.Symmetric data-frame can comprise relevant with image or with the irrelevant information of image.
Controller 30 is handled the input data, such as importing 16 image informations 14 that receive via image.Controller 30 detects the arrival of new image information 14 and begins to handle the image information 14 that is received in response.Processing image information 14 can comprise load new image information 14, this new image information 14 and the previous image information of in the storer that is couple to controller 30, being stored compare, visit the look-up table that comprises drive waveforms storer or with plate on temperature sensor (not shown) interaction so that compensate the switching time that changes with temperature.It is ready and can address electrophoretic pixels array 20 when controller 30 detects processing image information 14.
Such as microprocessor, microcontroller, field programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array) (FPGA) or the controller 30 of other digital device can receive and carry out microcode instruction so that addressing and required image is written on the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.Controller 30 sends row selection signal and sends data-signal so that electrophoretic display activation 10 to row driver 50 to line driver 40.Controller 30 can be included in personal computer (PC), laptop computer, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), e-book or other digital device and be connected to electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.Perhaps, controller 30 is included in the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 that is attached to base plate 32.
Controller 30 produces the data-signal that offers row driver 50, and produces the row selection signal that offers line driver 40.The data-signal that offers row driver 50 can comprise with the irrelevant part of image and with image relevant part.Drive waveforms comprise the signal that is applied to the some or all of electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic pixel array 20 equally with the irrelevant part of image, such as reset pulse or preconditioning pulse.The part relevant with image of drive waveforms comprises image information and can change between each electrophoretic display 22 or not change.
With reference to the element that in Fig. 3,4 and 5, is described in further detail, controller 30 produces a plurality of symmetric data-frame 70 of the Frame time 74 that comprises pixel data 72 and substantial symmetry according to the image information 14 that is received, and come address electrophoretic pixels array 20 according to the pixel data 72 of symmetric data-frame 70 and the Frame time 74 of substantial symmetry, so that minimize or reduce vertical crosstalk.Image information 14 is received controller 30 via input 16.Reach other input of importing such as temperature according to image information 14, controller 30 can be adjusted the symmetric data frame time 74 of symmetric data-frame 70 so that the gray-level accuracy of raising is provided.Controller 30 according to drive waveforms with image irrelevant or with image the image information 14 during the relevant part determine symmetric data-frame 70.
Controller 30 comes addressed row driver 40 and row driver 50 so that the one or more electrophoretic display 22 in the excitation electrophoretic pixel array 20 according to the pixel data 72 of symmetric data-frame 70 and the Frame time 74 of substantial symmetry.Can and carry out the content that the code that is associated determines to comprise the symmetric data-frame 70 of symmetric data frame time 74 by controller 30 operation.Controller 30 provides the two or more symmetric data-frame 70 that comprise pixel data 72 and symmetric data frame time 74 to electrophoretic pixel array 20.Controller 30 can send the pixel data 72 of symmetric data-frame 70 of serial or parallels and symmetric data frame time 74 so that excitation electrophoretic pixel array 20 to line driver 40 and row driver 50.
Controller 30 can use one or more symmetric data-frame 70 that electrophoretic display device (EPD) is reset to predetermined optical state.After writing image, controller 30 can utilize the relevant with image of drive waveforms or come addressing and upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 with the additional symmetric data frames 70 in the irrelevant part of image.When writing image, circuit power failure or outage that controller 30 can make electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 and be associated, the image that electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 maintenances simultaneously write thereon.
Can utilization and the source of digital calculating equipment, video camera or other display message parallel or connected in seriesly provide image information 14 to controller 30.With reference to institute's number elements in greater detail in Fig. 3,4 and 5, the video data that is provided can comprise pixel data 72 and symmetric data frame time 74 in each symmetric data-frame 70.Perhaps, controller 30 can produce pixel data 72 and symmetric data frame time 74 for each symmetric data-frame 70 after receiving the image information 14 that adopts any suitable display format.
Under high clock speed, controller 30 can be adjusted the symmetric data frame time 74 of symmetric data-frame 70 so that provide the gray level resolution of raising and the degree of accuracy of raising.Can reset to predetermined optical state to electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 by addressing and each electrophoretic display 22 of switching in the electrophoretic pixel array 20, such as complete black, complete white or predetermined color or gray level.The image information 14 provide subsequently is provided, can and be written on the electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 by addressing and utilizes additional pixel data 72 to upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD)s 10.When electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 is not addressed or part or all outage of system 12 or when having a power failure, electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 keeps also showing the image that had before write.
In the embodiment that Fig. 4 described in further detail, for electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10, the drive waveforms that has a symmetric data frame time 74 by generation realizes higher gray level resolution, higher gray-level accuracy and reduces or eliminates vertical crosstalk that this symmetric data frame time 74 reduces towards the mid point 66 of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms.In another embodiment that Fig. 5 further provided in detail, symmetric data frame time 74 increases towards the mid point 66 of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms.In another embodiment, symmetric data frame time 74 is placed symmetrically about the mid point of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms.In another embodiment, the symmetrical frame time 74 of first symmetric data-frame 70 in a plurality of symmetric data-frame 70 and the symmetric data frame time 74 of last symmetric data-frame 70 equate.Can increase the number of gray level and improve grayscale accuracy, avoid gray level simultaneously from first row of display being not intended to and inaccurate gradual change of delegation to the end.
For illustrate in the display temperature variation and in order to relax switching time with variation of temperature, on the base plate 32 or near can comprise the temperature sensor (not shown).For example can come compensate for temperature effects by regulating symmetric data frame time 74 in proportion according to the current operating temperature of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.
With reference to the previously described number elements of Fig. 1 and 2 Fig. 3 is described.Fig. 3 illustrates to use the variable data frame time to come the sequential chart of the method for electrophoretic display activation.Adjust the Frame time 74 of one or more Frames 70 so that the gray level resolution and the degree of accuracy of raising are provided.
By adjusting the Frame time 74 when the address electrophoretic pixels 22 and coming the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 that drives as before illustrated with higher gray level resolution and degree of accuracy by the sequence of creating Frame 70 in Fig. 1 and 2, wherein at least two data frame times 74 in the sequence of this Frame 70 have the different Frame time.Increase the number of possible gray level, and can produce gray-scale value more accurately.The for example beginning by postponing next Frame 70 or adjust the Frame time 74 by the time interval between each row of adjusting addressed electrophoretic display 10.
By adjacent data frames 70a, 70b and the represented a series of Frames 70 of 70c comprise with capable 44a, the 44b of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 ... pixel data 72a, 72b and 72c that each electrophoretic display 22 among the 44n is associated.Each Frame 70 comprises the adjustable Frame time of being represented by Frame time 74a, 74b and 74c respectively 74.As time passes, line by line pixel data 72 and Frame time 74 being applied to being associated in the display lists.In an example shown, the Frame time 74a of Frame 70a is longer than the Frame time 74b of Frame 70b, and the latter is longer than the Frame time 74c of Frame 70c again.Therefore, the actuation duration of the electrophoretic display 22 among the row 44n encourages less than corresponding electrophoretic display 22 among the row 44a, and the result produces non-linear in the response time between the first row 44a and last column 44n and other row therebetween.Simultaneously can adjust frame time in order to compensate this effect, can between selected frame, insert symmetric data-frame.Thereby, can avoid vertical crosstalk by the key component of symmetric data-frame being introduced drive waveforms, so that the even display image with accurate and a large amount of gray levels is provided, this key component such as the part relevant of drive waveforms with image or with the mid point of the irrelevant part of image near.
The Fig. 4 that describes with reference to the element of Fig. 1 and 2 be illustrate according to one embodiment of the present of invention, use symmetric data-frame 70 to come the sequential chart of the method for electrophoretic display activation 10.Use has the symmetric data-frame 70 of symmetric data frame time 74 and comes addressed electrophoretic display 10, and described symmetric data frame time 74 reduces towards the relevant with image of drive waveforms or with the mid point 66 of the irrelevant part of image.Symmetric data-frame 70 has the Frame time 74 about mid point 66 symmetries.The electrophoretic display 22 of pixel data 72 in each row 44 of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 provides the equal actuation duration.
In this example, symmetric data-frame 70 is represented that by symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f described symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f have symmetric data frame time 74a, 74b, 74c, 74d, 74e and 74f and the pixel data 72a that is associated respectively, 72b, 72c, 72d, 72e and the 72f that is associated respectively.Symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f about mid point 66 place and sequentially be applied to symmetrically capable 44a, 44b ... 44n is so that be driven into required optical states to each electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic pixel array 20.Frame time 74a and Frame time 74f equate, Frame time 74b and Frame time 74e equate, and Frame time 74c and Frame time 74d equate. Frame time 74b and 74e are shorter than Frame time 748 and 74f, and Frame time 74c and 74e are shorter than Frame time 74b and 74e, simultaneously about mid point 66 symmetries.Symmetric data-frame 70 with pixel data 72 comprises the pixel data of the optical states that can change the respective pixel element, and to each row 44a, 44b ... 44n provides the identical actuation duration so that change electrophoretic display 22.Therefore, the variation of Frame time 74 of applying of symmetry can not cause unevenness occurring between the row 44 of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.
Pixel data 72 makes the pixel of any row of electrophoretic pixel array 20 can reach identical gray level by pixel data 72 being placed suitable frame, so that the summation of the frame time of row 44 is the same as to avoid vertical crosstalk to any other row 44.For example, identical pixel data 72 is placed symmetric data-frame 70b and 70d, the result produces the identical actuation duration to the first row 44a with last column 44n and other row therebetween.In another example, identical pixel data 72 is placed symmetric data-frame 70a and 70e so that for realizing the constant actuation duration with the irrelevant pixel data of any row 44.In order to realize that required number of grayscale levels and degree of accuracy make vertical crosstalk minimize simultaneously,, this process can be applied to the group of the other symmetric data-frame 70 of placing about mid point 66 symmetries for any combination of pixel data 72.
Can insert null pixel data among the pixel data 72c of Frame 70c.Perhaps, can use pixel data 72c corresponding to plus or minus driving voltage on the pixel electrode 36 and plus or minus electric charge 34 to encourage electrophoretic ink 24 and the gray level resolution and the degree of accuracy of raising are provided.
For portable electrophoretic displays 10, power consumption is a significant consideration.Have at adjacent data frames 70c and 70d under the situation of short data frame time 74c and 74d, can be by near the local power consumption the represented mid point 66 of the arrow 68 of overstriking than higher.
The Fig. 5 that describes with reference to the element of Fig. 1 and 2 be illustrate according to another embodiment of the present invention, use symmetric data-frame to come the sequential chart of the method for electrophoretic display activation.Utilization has a plurality of symmetric data-frame 70 of symmetric data frame time 74 and comes addressed electrophoretic display 10, and described symmetric data frame time 74 increases towards the relevant with image of drive waveforms or with the mid point 66 of the irrelevant part of image.
In this example, symmetric data-frame 70 is represented that by symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f described symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f have symmetric data frame time 74a, 74b, 74c, 74d, 74e and 74f and the pixel data 72a that is associated respectively, 72b, 72c, 72d, 72e and the 72f that is associated respectively.Symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f about mid point 66 place and sequentially be applied to symmetrically capable 44a, 44b ... 44n is so that be driven into required optical states to each electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic pixel array 20.Frame time 74a and Frame time 74f equate, Frame time 74b and Frame time 74e equate, and Frame time 74c and Frame time 74d equate. Frame time 74b and 74e are longer than Frame time 74a and 74f, and Frame time 74c and 74e are longer than Frame time 74b and 74e, and have the symmetry about mid point 66.This embodiment has reduced near mid point 66 local power consumption with respect to Fig. 4.Symmetric data-frame 70 with pixel data 72 comprises the pixel data of the optical states that can change the respective pixel element, and to each row 44a, 44b ... 44n provides the identical actuation duration so that change electrophoretic display 22.Therefore, the variation of Frame time 74 of applying of symmetry can not cause unevenness occurring between the row 44 of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10.
In another embodiment, symmetric data frame time 74 is placed symmetrically about mid point 66, the Frame time 74 that becomes short or long can be positioned on each side of mid point 66, but each have the Frame time 74 of the corresponding and similar size on the opposite side that is symmetrically located at mid point 66.
In another embodiment, the symmetric data frame time 74 of first symmetric data-frame 70 in a plurality of Frames 70 and the symmetric data frame time 74 of last symmetric data frame time 74 equate.
The relevant with image of drive waveforms or with the irrelevant part of image in can use symmetric data-frame 70 with symmetric data frame time 74, this symmetric data frame time 74 increases, reduces or otherwise about mid point 66 symmetries towards mid point 66.Can insert one or many in the drive waveforms to symmetric data-frame 70.
Element referring to figs. 1 to 5 and Fig. 6 of describing illustrates the drive waveforms 60 according to one embodiment of the present of invention, it is used for utilizing the symmetric data-frame of the part relevant with image of this drive waveforms to come electrophoretic display activation 10.Drive waveforms 60 expressions are as the voltage on the electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 of the function of time t.Use is applied to electrophoretic display 22 to this waveform from the row selection signal of line driver 40 with via the data-signal that row driver 50 is provided.Drive waveforms 60 for example comprise the row drive signal that is used to provide preconditioning or oscillating impulse and row selection signal, one or more reset signal and with each optical states and the data-signal that is associated to its transformation.Frame 70 is applied symmetrically about the mid point 66 in the part relevant with image of drive waveforms 60, and this drive waveforms 60 is represented by symmetric data- frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and 70f.Also symmetric data-frame is introduced drive waveforms 60 with the irrelevant part of image in, such as the preconditioning part 62 and the part 64 that resets.
Drive waveforms 60 comprises a plurality of frames, comprises the part relevant with image with a plurality of symmetric data-frame 70.Drive waveforms 60 also comprises and the irrelevant part of image, comprises for example one or more preconditioning parts 62, the part that resets 64 or its combination.The sequential of the Frame 70 relevant with image, preconditioning part 62 and the part 64 that resets is intended to explanation and needn't draws in proportion.Then to drive each row and once drive all once required time intervals of pixel that are listed as all row of addressing simultaneously by every row be Frame time 74 as shown in Fig. 3,4 and 5 ground by one.During each Frame 70, the one or more electrophoretic display 22 in array provide relevant with image or with the irrelevant data of image.Drive waveforms 60 comprises that back for example is that the combination of the preconditioning oscillating impulse sequence of reset pulse sequence, additional oscillating impulse and driving pulse is so that be driven into electrophoretic display in the required optical states.
For example, the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 with four gray levels can have 16 different drive waveforms 60 of storing in the look-up table of storer, and this storer is electrically connected to controller 30 or its part.Four different drive waveforms 60 make initial black picture element can be switched to black, lead, light gray or white by initial black state optics.Four different drive waveforms 60 make initial lead pixel can be switched to black, lead, light gray or white by initial dark grey state optics.Additional drives waveform 60 makes light gray or white pixel can switch in four gray levels any one.In response to importing 16 image informations that received 14 via image, controller 30 can be selected corresponding driving waveform 60 from the look-up table that is used for one or more electrophoretic display 22, and provides corresponding row selection signal and column data signal via line driver 40 and row driver 50 to the respective transistor 38 that is connected to respective pixel electrode 36.
For the correlativity of the image history of the photoresponse that reduces electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 and pixel, before reset signal or the signal relevant, can be applied to electrophoretic display 22 to the preconditioning signal with image.Preconditioning can be switched electrophoretic display 22 quickly at an optical states with between another with higher transformation homogeneity.During the preconditioning part 62 of drive waveforms 60, the alternating impulse of positive and negative voltage is called as oscillating impulse sometimes, and the one or more electrophoretic display 22 that are applied to display are in order to subsequently optical state transition.For example, alternately positive and negative voltage sequentially is applied to these pixels.These preconditioning signals can comprise the alternating voltage level is applied to electrophoretic display, it is enough to electrophoresis particle from discharging in the static state of one or two electrode, yet summation is zero or too short and can not change the optical states of current location or this pixel of electrophoresis particle significantly.Owing to reduced the correlativity with image history, so pixel before had been that black, white or grey are irrelevant with this pixel to the photoresponse of new image data basically.Applying the preconditioning signal has reduced correlativity and can realize shorter switching time.
For example, during the initial part of drive waveforms 60, first framing that comprises the preconditioning signal pulse is offered pixel, each pulse has the duration in a frame period.With alternate sequence, first oscillating impulse has positive amplitude, and second oscillating impulse has negative amplitude, and the 3rd oscillating impulse has the positive amplitude that has extra-pulse, till preconditioning part 62 is done.As long as the duration of these pulses is short relatively or apply these pulses with fast-changing positive and negative level, then these pulses just do not change by the shown gray-scale value of pixel.
During the part 64 that resets of drive waveforms 60, electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 is reset to predetermined optical state, such as all black state, whole white state, grey states or its combination.Reset pulse in the part that resets 64 is before the pulse relevant with image, by limit the photoresponse that improves electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 such as the fixedly starting point of black, white or intergrade for the pulse relevant with image.For example, select starting point according to previous image information or with the immediate gray level of new view data.In this case, reset signal is the data-signal relevant with image.A framing that comprises one or more frame periods is provided, and it comprises the pixel data that is associated with the requirement optical states.Driving voltage can be applied and activation charge 34 is longer than the required time,, described driving voltage and activation charge 34 can be removed then so that the part of institute's addressing of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 is switched to initialized optical states fully.Perhaps, can be with the plus or minus voltage that is applied to common electrode 26 electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 that resets, pixel electrode 36 is maintained at low-voltage or approaches earth potential simultaneously.For electrophoretic display 22 is arranged on required optical states, can use symmetric data-frame 70.
After applying the part 64 that resets of drive waveforms 60, electrophoretic display 22 is presented to the observer with predetermined optical state.After applying the part 64 that resets, can be applied to one or more electrophoretic display 22 to additional preconditioning part 62 in order to image being write or is updated to display.Before the utilization data relevant with image are come addressed display, can add additional preconditioning part 62 to the part 64 that resets and prepare to make pixel to receive the frame data relevant afterwards with image.
During the part relevant of drive waveforms 60, produce and provide the one group of Frame that comprises two or more symmetrical frame cycles with image.The signal relevant with image for example have zero, one, two, up to 15 frame periods or more duration, it has corresponding to 16 or the non-zero data signal of multi-grey level more.When the pixel that is in black optic state begins, have the null value data or equivalently the signal relevant of the duration in zero frame period with image corresponding to the pixel that continues demonstration black.Under the situation of the pixel that shows particular gray level, when driving with the pulse of the duration with zero frame period or sequence with pulse of zero amplitude, this gray level remains unchanged.The signal relevant with the duration in 15 frame periods with image comprise 15 subsequently pulse and corresponding to the pixel that for example is converted to white and display white.The signal relevant with the duration in one to 14 frame period with image comprise one to 14 subsequently pulse and corresponding to the pixel that for example shows one of a limited number of gray-scale value between the black and white.Data-signal and Frame time can be symmetrically apply about the mid point of the two or more Frames in the part relevant with image of drive waveforms 60.
Upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD) with image information, this image information is converted and is applied to each pixel in the display as pixel data line by line with two or more symmetric data-frame 70, and described Frame 70 is expressed as symmetric data-frame 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e and the 70f that has pixel data 72a, 72b, 72c, 72d, 72e and 72f respectively and have symmetric data frame time 74a, 74b, 74c, 74d, 74e and 74f respectively.In the example shown, symmetric data-frame 70a increased towards the mid point 66 of drive waveforms 60 in time to Frame time of 70f.Perhaps, the symmetric data frame time can reduce towards mid point 66 in time, perhaps otherwise be provided with symmetrically about mid point 66, and frame time changes.Can adjust the Frame time 74 that is associated with Frame 70 so that the gray level resolution and the degree of accuracy of raising are provided.Number such as the clock period between the beginning of the beginning of passing through this row selection signal of adjustment and next row selection signal, or being applied to the total system clock speed of line driver 40 by adjustment, controller 30 can be adjusted the Frame time 74 of any frame in the drive waveforms 60 so that improve gray level resolution or reach specific gray level.
Can utilize to be provided with and upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10 with the additional pixel data of after-applied drive waveforms 60.For example, in order to upgrade the electrophoretic display 22 in the electrophoretic display device (EPD) 10, sequentially apply row selection signal, simultaneously the pixel data 72 of the electrophoretic display 22 that is used for each row is applied to the row that are connected to pixel electrode 36 to each row 44 of display.Positive charge, negative charge or electric charge is not sent on the pixel electrode 36, and electrophoretic display 22 is in view of the above with dark state, more shallow state or do not change and respond according to frame data.
For electrophoretic display activation 10, controller 30 can computer program be converted to image information the sequence of drive waveforms 60 and come addressed display in view of the above.Computer program comprises computer program code, it is used to receive image information, generation comprises a plurality of symmetric data-frame of the Frame time of pixel data and substantial symmetry, and according to the Frame time addressed electrophoretic display of this pixel data and substantial symmetry.Computer program can also comprise computer program code, it is used to adjust the symmetric data frame time of symmetric data-frame so that gray level resolution, the reduction vertical crosstalk of raising is provided and improves grayscale accuracy, electrophoretic display device (EPD) is reset to predetermined optical state, utilize additional symmetric data frames to upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD), and make electrophoretic display device (EPD) power failure or outage keep being written to the image of this electrophoretic display device (EPD) simultaneously.
Fig. 7 according to one embodiment of the present of invention, be used for the process flow diagram of the method for electrophoretic display activation.These motivational techniques comprise the step of using symmetric data-frame to encourage and upgrade the electrophoretic display device (EPD) with active matrix.
As seeing, receive image information at frame 80.Can be from memory device such as memory stick, or receive view data in the up-link of PC, laptop computer or PDA, it is connected to the controller with the electrophoretic display device (EPD) electric coupling alternatively.Can receive image information from any suitable source via wired or wireless link such as the file of video transmission, image server or storage.Controller can be connected to such as the communication network of Local Area Network, wide area network (WAN) or the Internet so that receive concurrent carry information and image is sent on the electrophoretic display device (EPD).When image is write electrophoretic display device (EPD), image information can be provided in real time, perhaps it is stored in the storer till writing.When receiving image information, image data processing is so that produce and provide a plurality of symmetric data-frame of the Frame time that comprises pixel data and substantial symmetry to come electrophoretic display activation.
Electrophoretic display device (EPD) can and reset to predetermined optical state by preconditioning, as seeing at frame 82.Before writing image, the electrophoretic ink of display material can be reset to clear and definite state.Under the situation about being continuously applied of the high relatively driving voltage that for example is applied to electrophoretic display or common electrode via pixel electrode, the electric field that passes through to be applied can force electrophoretic ink to enter optical states initialized or that reset.When electrophoretic display device (EPD) was reset, one or more pixels were reset to predetermined optical state.
Electrophoretic ink for example is reset to complete white, complete black, grey or coloured optical states, and this depends on the type of electrophoretic ink and the driving voltage that is applied.For example by applying positive supply voltage so that electrophoresis particle in electrophoretic ink is switched to init state simultaneously transparent common electrode setting or remain on certain electrical potential such as earth potential, finish the initialization of electrophoretic ink.Initialized thus or reset optical states can be adjusted electrophoretic ink along a shared direction or another based on the driving force that is applied to electrophoretic display.Can utilize the pattern that is similar to the image that will write to come initialization or the electrophoretic display device (EPD) that resets,, only need the sub-fraction of total switching time of electrophoretic ink to write image so that under the situation of required grey level resolution and degree of accuracy.Be similar to the part associated with the data of drive waveforms, can utilize the irrelevant symmetric data-frame of a plurality of and image that comprises pixel data and the symmetric data frame time electrophoretic display device (EPD) that resets.Electrophoretic display device (EPD) can remain on and reach the uncertain period in the init state, perhaps is written at once.
Before the display that resets, can come this display of preconditioning by applying one or more vibrations or preconditioning pulse.Oscillating impulse is applied to electrophoretic display comes these electrophoretic display of preconditioning so that receive pixel data or switch to reset mode.For example the alternation activation voltage that is applied to the pixel electrode in the display by use is come the preconditioning electrophoretic ink.After the display that resets and writing before the image, by applying additional oscillating impulse this display of preconditioning once more.
Can adjust the symmetric data frame time of one or more symmetric data-frame collection, and produce a plurality of symmetric data-frame of the Frame time that comprises pixel data and substantial symmetry, as seeing at frame 84 according to the image information that is received.Can adjust the symmetric data frame time of symmetric data-frame so that the gray-level accuracy of raising is provided and vertical crosstalk is minimized.In order to realize required gray level and improve grey level resolution that it is longer or shorter to adjust ground to the symmetric data frame time.
When adjusting Frame during the time, Frame is provided with symmetrically about the mid point in the part of drive waveforms.The Frame time of a Frame is set to equal the Frame time of the symmetrical Frame of placing.In an example, the symmetric data frame time reduces towards the mid point of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms.In another example, the symmetric data frame time increases towards the mid point of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms.In another example, the symmetric data frame time is provided with symmetrically about the mid point of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms.In another embodiment, the symmetric data frame time of the symmetric data frame time of first symmetric data-frame in a plurality of symmetric data-frame and last symmetric data-frame equates.In drive waveforms, can insert symmetric data-frame at least once.
Based on the Frame time addressed electrophoretic display of pixel data and substantial symmetry, as seeing at frame 86.When electrophoretic display device (EPD) is addressed and image when being sent to this electrophoretic display device (EPD), driving voltage is applied to one or more electrophoretic display and predetermined charge is placed on the corresponding pixel electrode based on pixel data and symmetric data frame time.Select driving voltage so that the selected portion of electrophoretic display device (EPD) is switched to required optical states from reset mode or previous optical states.When electric charge was placed on the pixel electrode, electrophoretic ink was energized and switches to required optical states.When on the pixel that predetermined charge is placed electrophoretic display device (EPD), as long as apply driving voltage or the electric charge that is applied is remained on the pixel electrode, electrophoretic ink will continue to be converted to predetermined show state so.Based on number, length and the content of Frame, for electrophoretic ink provides time enough so that switch the optical states of specified pixel.Remove activation charge and driving voltage by the pixel from display, can lock or freeze this required optical states of electrophoretic display device (EPD).
In drive waveforms, can insert the symmetric data-frame one or many.For example in the look-up table that can from storer, be stored, produce or extract selectively and comprise the drive waveforms of one or more symmetric data-frame and provide it to electrophoretic display device (EPD).
After required image being write electrophoretic display device (EPD), can observe this image.For example after writing previous image less than several seconds, somewhat, several hours, several days, a few week or even some months in, can come further to refresh or write new image as required.
Can utilize additional pixel data to upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD), as seeing at frame 88.Can receive new view data, and upgrade electrophoretic display device (EPD) by the above-mentioned steps of repeat block 80 to 86 in view of the above.Perhaps, display may need to refresh, and can resend previous view data this display.
When not needing to refresh or during update image, can make down circuitry or close, electrophoretic display device (EPD) is had a power failure or otherwise be in power-down mode, as seeing at frame 90.When having a power failure or cut off the power supply, electrophoretic display device (EPD) keeps before being written to the image of display, unless rewrite with black, white or other predetermined screen image.
Though present embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are considered to preferably, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various changes and modification.For example, the thickness of the color of the size of the number of the order of the length of the polarity of preconditioning and resetting voltage, Frame time, drive waveforms and included part thereof, gray level, pixel element and number, electrophoretic ink and each layer is selected as illustrative and directiveness.Under the situation that does not break away from desired the spirit and scope of the present invention, can suitably change the color of driving voltage, sequential, electrophoretic ink, ratio and relative thickness, pixel size, array size and other material and the quantity of included layer according to shown content.In claims, shown scope of the present invention, and be included in wherein in the meaning of equivalent and all variations in the scope.
Claims (16)
1. one kind is used for the method that electrophoretic display activation (10) reduces vertical crosstalk simultaneously, and described method comprises:
Receive image information (14);
Produce a plurality of symmetric data-frame (70) according to the image information that is received, described symmetric data-frame comprises the Frame time (74) of pixel data (72) and substantial symmetry; And
The described electrophoretic display device (EPD) of Frame time addressing based on described pixel data and substantial symmetry.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein the symmetric data-frame that is produced comprises the symmetric data-frame relevant with image.
3. the method for claim 1, the wherein said Frame time be symmetry so that vertical crosstalk is minimized.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein the symmetric data frame time reduces towards the mid point (66) of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms (60).
5. the method for claim 1, wherein the symmetric data frame time increases towards the mid point (66) of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms (60).
6. the method for claim 1, wherein the symmetric data frame time is placed symmetrically about the mid point (66) of the part relevant with image of drive waveforms (60).
7. the method for claim 1, wherein in drive waveforms (60), insert described symmetric data-frame once more than.
8. the method for claim 1 further comprises:
Adjust the symmetric data frame time of described symmetric data-frame so that the gray-level accuracy of raising is provided.
9. the method for claim 1 further comprises:
Described electrophoretic display device (EPD) is reset to predetermined optical state.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein can be utilized the irrelevant symmetric data-frame of a plurality of and the image described electrophoretic display device (EPD) that resets, and these symmetric data-frame comprise pixel data and symmetric data frame time.
11. the method for claim 1 further comprises:
Utilize additional symmetric data frames to upgrade described electrophoretic display device (EPD).
12. a system (12) that is used for electrophoretic display activation (10), described system comprises:
Be arranged on the electrophoretic pixel array (20) on the base plate (32);
Produce the device of a plurality of symmetric data-frame (70) according to the image information that is received, described symmetric data-frame comprises the Frame time (74) of pixel data (72) and substantial symmetry; With
Device based on the described electrophoretic pixel array of Frame time addressing of described pixel data and substantial symmetry.
13. system as claimed in claim 12 further comprises:
Be used to adjust the symmetric data frame time of described symmetric data-frame so that the device of the gray-level accuracy of raising is provided.
14. system as claimed in claim 12 further comprises:
Be used for described electrophoretic display device (EPD) is reset to the device of predetermined optical state.
15. system as claimed in claim 12 further comprises:
Utilize additional symmetric data frames to upgrade the device of described electrophoretic display device (EPD).
16. an electrophoretic display device (EPD) (10) comprising:
Be arranged on the electrophoretic pixel array (20) on the base plate (32);
Line driver (40), it is electrically connected to the row (44) of described electrophoretic pixel array;
Row driver (50), it is electrically connected to the row (54) of described electrophoretic pixel array; With
Controller (30), it is electrically connected to described line driver and row driver;
Wherein said controller produces a plurality of symmetric data-frame (70) according to the image information that is received, and described symmetric data-frame comprises the Frame time (74) of pixel data (72) and substantial symmetry; And
Wherein said controller according to the described electrophoretic display device (EPD) of Frame time addressing of described pixel data and substantial symmetry so that encourage at least one electrophoretic display (22) in the described electrophoretic pixel array.
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| US50112303P | 2003-09-08 | 2003-09-08 | |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946276A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社普利司通 | Information display panel driving method and information display panel |
| CN103971649A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 达意科技股份有限公司 | Electrophoresis type display and driving method of panel thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946276A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社普利司通 | Information display panel driving method and information display panel |
| CN103971649A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 达意科技股份有限公司 | Electrophoresis type display and driving method of panel thereof |
| CN103971649B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2016-08-31 | 达意科技股份有限公司 | Electrophoresis type display and driving method of panel thereof |
| US10380953B2 (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2019-08-13 | E Ink Holdings Inc. | Electrophoretic display and method for driving panel thereof |
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