Controller of quick heating and double constant temperature electric iron
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of controller that is used to have the entity quick heating and double constant temperature electric iron of dormancy and defencive function, belongs to the technical field that the electric iron temperature controller is made.
Background technology
The electrothermal electric iron is made up of as handle, lead etc. heat generating core, heat carrier, heat head and back work part.Its heat energy will be subjected to the powerful thermal resistance at the thermal resistance interface that is made of several air layers and different materials from heat generating core to the process of heat head conduction through heat carrier, consequently:
The too high metal heated filament of 1 heating wire temperature is operated near the limiting temperature, and it is hot to be flag.
2 big temperature difference heat conduction heat generating cores are very big with the temperature difference of heat head, and hot transfer efficiency is low, and it is slow to conduct heat.
3. oxidation reaction is violent because heat conduction is bad, and the heating wire temperature is far above thermal head temperature and place air, and the oxidation reaction of heating wire is violent.
4. slow powerful thermal resistance owing to the thermal resistance interface that is subjected to being made of several air layers and different materials is crossed in a heat temperature rise, hot slow in reacting, controlled hysteresis, have only by increasing the heat head and come energy storage, heat energy demand when welding to satisfy, when the big part object of need continuous welding, often to wait for that heat energy replenishes, promptly wasting copper material influences work efficiency again.
The electrothermal electric iron is carried out temperature control, can not only save a large amount of electric energy, can also effectively protect the heater element of electrothermal electric iron, prolong its service life greatly, improve the reliability and the security of its use.And also do not have at present a kind of electric iron controller that can carry out double constant temperature control to quick-heating electric soldering iron, the temperature control of electric iron also is on the more original control model.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of controller of quick heating and double constant temperature electric iron, this controller has the function of double constant temperature control, thermostat temperature when thermostat temperature when being about to dormancy and work carries out branch and sets and control, can prolong the service life of electric iron greatly, improve the reliability and the security of its use.
Technical scheme: controller of quick heating and double constant temperature electric iron of the present invention has two signal input parts, first signal input part is a temperature sensor, the output termination measuring amplifier of this temperature sensor, the output of measuring amplifier have three inputs that connect difference amplifier, setting/measuring switch, overtemperature detector respectively; Difference amplifier, scale operation device, alternating-current switch, overtemperature prote device, heater are connected in series in proper order, the output of difference amplifier also connects the calculus computing, the output termination scale operation device of calculus computing, the output of scale operation device also connects half-wave transformation Power Regulation controller, the output termination alternating-current switch of half-wave transformation Power Regulation controller, the output termination overtemperature prote device of overtemperature detector; Second signal input part is the human body sensing electrode, the output termination human induction switch of human body sensing electrode, the output of human induction switch connects the two point temperature setting device respectively, the dormancy controller, the output termination alternating-current switch of dormancy controller, the output termination automatic setting temperature divertor of two point temperature setting device, set detector, the output of automatic setting temperature divertor connects the overtemperature detector respectively, difference amplifier, the input of setting/measuring switch, set the output termination setting/measuring switch of detector, the output termination of setting/measuring switch is counted sub-display.
Controller of the present invention cooperates with the heating working portion of solid type high speed electric iron for the control section of " the entity high speed double constant temperature electric iron with dormancy and defencive function ", can realize following function:
One. double constant temperature is controlled promptly: treat work thermostat temperature point and work thermostat temperature point.Treat work thermostat temperature point: the work of the treating thermostat temperature when promptly electric iron is placed on the Iron Stand.Set adjustable extent: 150 ℃---300 ℃.
Work thermostat temperature point: promptly hand-held electric iron handle when use electric iron (even) places the interior inductive switch of electric iron handle automatically design temperature to be placed this temperature spot.Electric iron is rapidly heated automatically and constant temperature is set the operating temperature point at this.Set adjustable extent: room temperature---500 ℃.
Adopt double constant temperature control method can reduce energy consumption, prolong the service life of electric iron, ruthless good solution solder horn is long-time overheated causes " oxidation burns to death " the Non-Dewetting phenomenon, improved operating efficiency.
Two. become the power electric iron that is rapidly heated and adopt the all-wave full power operation in 3-5 ℃ the overall process of heating to the design temperature, this moment, the heating wire temperature was lower, can bear very big initial power, in the time of near arriving design temperature, automatically switch into half-wave dutycycle Power Regulation work, to guarantee the precision control of constant temperature point, also avoided the transient state of heating wire overheated.Because heating wire adopts the metal of positive temperature resistance characteristic, and the novel hot body structure of a body unification low thermal resistance heat conduction, the initial heating power designs is 5-10 a times of conventional heating power, the operating temperature point that the temperature of solder horn can in seconds reach and constant temperature is being set.During larger object, in a single day fast cooling appears in solder horn, also can provide very big supplemental capacity in welding, but solder horn still constant temperature near former temperature.Improved practicality.
Three induction types add the moment when using electric iron (even) of the promptly hand-held electric iron handle of thermal control automatically, place the inductive switch in the electric iron handle automatically design temperature to be placed the operating temperature point, high-power heating function starts, cooperation can arrive also constant in setting operating temperature point within 2 seconds with differential, integration, scale operation circuit fast.Promptly convenient, energy-conservation fast, prolonged service life of electric iron again widely.
Four sleep modes are worked as long-time (being designed to 15 minutes) hand and are not contacted the electric iron handle, and sleep mode starts, and cuts off heating unit power automatically, repair during the dormancy, in case hand contact electric iron handle, electric iron enters duty immediately.Its objective is service life and safety energy-conservation, that prolong electric iron.
Five faults protect warning to damage when output circuit fault such as controllable silicon short circuit occurring automatically; The sensor lossing signal that opens circuit surpasses when limiting maximum temperature, all can cause serious consequence, will burn electric iron, or accidents caused.This function on cuts off the power supply of heater immediately automatically, and sends audio communication and report to the police.For improving the reliability of protection, its outage output circuit independently is provided with.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall circuit block diagram of the present invention.Wherein have: temperature sensor 1, measuring amplifier 2, difference amplifier 3, scale operation device 4, alternating-current switch 5, overtemperature prote device 6, heater 7, calculus computing 8, half-wave transformation Power Regulation controller 9, overtemperature detector 10, human body sensing electrode 11, human induction switch 12, two point temperature setting device 13, automatic setting temperature divertor 14, number sub-display 15, dormancy controller 16, setting detector 17, setting/measuring switch 18.
Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Controller of quick heating and double constant temperature electric iron of the present invention has two signal input parts, first signal input part is a temperature sensor 1, the output termination measuring amplifier 2 of this temperature sensor 1, the output of measuring amplifier 2 have three inputs that connect difference amplifier 3, setting/measuring switch 18, overtemperature detector 10 respectively; Difference amplifier 3, scale operation device 4, alternating-current switch 5, overtemperature prote device 6, heater 7 orders are connected in series, the output of difference amplifier 3 also connects calculus computing 8, the output termination scale operation device 4 of calculus computing 8, the output of scale operation device 4 also connects half-wave transformation Power Regulation controller 9, the output termination alternating-current switch 5 of half-wave transformation Power Regulation controller 9, the output termination overtemperature prote device 6 of overtemperature detector 10; Second signal input part is human body sensing electrode 11, the output termination human induction switch 12 of human body sensing electrode 11, the output of human induction switch 12 connects two point temperature setting device 13 respectively, dormancy controller 16, the output termination alternating-current switch 5 of dormancy controller 16, the output termination automatic setting temperature divertor 14 of two point temperature setting device 13, set detector 17, the output of automatic setting temperature divertor 14 connects overtemperature detector 10 respectively, difference amplifier 3, the input of setting/measuring switch 18, set the output termination setting/measuring switch 18 of detector 17, the output termination of setting/measuring switch 18 is counted sub-display 15.
Temperature sensor 1 is made of the thermocouple CH1 of the positive temperature characterisitic of measuring temperature signal and cold-junction compensation signal and the PN junction temperature sensor GH2 of negative temperature characteristic respectively.The first amplifier IC1, the second amplifier IC2, its effect of differential measuring amplifier that the 3rd amplifier IC3 and peripheral circuits constitute 2 is to convert temperature parameters to the linear voltage parameter, level provides and shows and control signal backward.After the in-phase end that the temperature signal of thermocouple CH1 and temperature sensor GH2 is delivered to the first amplifier IC1 and the second amplifier IC2 respectively is amplified to identical voltage, deliver to the 3rd amplifier IC3 homophase and end of oppisite phase more respectively and do addition amplification computing, obtain a linear voltage corresponding at the 3rd amplifier IC3 output, finish the temperature voltage conversion with temperature.Wherein, the effect of diode D1, D2, resistance R 5 is function corrections, to revise the non-linear of thermocouple CH1.Variable resistor W1 is a zero potentiometer, i.e. the balance of the second amplifier IC2 input bridge in the time of 0 ℃, and corresponding output voltage is 0 volt.
The 4th amplifier IC4, variable resistor W2, W3, alternative analog switch IC18 constitute setting 13 of two point temperature and automatic setting temperature transition 14 circuit; Variable resistor W2 sets potentiometer for the temperature of low warm spot, and variable resistor W3 is that the temperature of high temperature dot is set potentiometer, and two by resistance R 53, variable resistor W2; The setting voltage signal that resistance R 52, variable resistor W3 resitstance voltage divider obtain is delivered to two inputs of alternative analog switch IC18 respectively, its output links to each other with the in-phase end of follower IC4, and the output of follower IC4 obtains the setting voltage signal of an adjustable low internal resistance.Alternative analog switch IC18 the gating termination be subjected to " 0 " " 1 " gating control signal of the human induction switch that constitutes by the 5th amplifier IC5, the 6th amplifier IC6 12 outputs, the temperature setting voltage that output is corresponding.Human body sensing electrode GY places in the electric iron handle, when hand-held electric iron handle, induction electrode obtains induced signal, falls internal resistance through the 5th amplifier IC5, again after diode D4 detection, detect reverse voltage, and through capacitor C 18 integrations, deliver to the comparator above earth potential that constitutes by the 6th amplifier IC6 and positive feedback resistor R50 and compare, the 6th amplifier IC6 exports by " 1 " change " 0 ", " 0 " gating of alternative analog switch IC18 gating that breaks, the high-temperature setting voltage inserts.Otherwise when hand left the electric iron handle, induced signal disappeared, and the low temperature setting voltage inserts, and finishes the automatic conversion of two point design temperature.Wherein, resistance R 49 is the discharge resistance of capacitor C 48, and time constant is 1 second.
The 7th amplifier IC7, integrating resistor R54, integrating capacitor C19 constitute dormancy and control 16 circuit, and during start, the end of oppisite phase of the 7th amplifier IC7 is in low level, is output as " 1 ", makes photoelectric coupling circuit IC20 be in normal operating conditions.Simultaneously, when integrating capacitor C19 begins chargometer, about 15 minutes of the integration time constant of integrating resistor R54 and integrating capacitor C19, in timing time, when hand-held electric iron handle is arranged, to the level discharge of the end of the 6th amplifier IC6 output, the charging time in is not as there being the action of hand-held electric iron handle in timing time by diode D6 for integrating capacitor C19, the end of oppisite phase level of the 7th amplifier IC7 will be above in-phase end, output becomes " 0 ", and photoelectric coupling circuit IC20 input is partially anti-, quits work, alternating-current switch 5 lockings of back level, electric iron enters dormancy, in case use electric iron, when promptly handing the electric iron handle, integrating capacitor C19 discharges to the 6th amplifier IC6 output low level by diode D6 again, the end of oppisite phase level of the 7th amplifier IC7 is lower than in-phase end, is output as " 1 ", and electric iron enters operating conditions immediately.
The purpose of the difference amplifier 3 that the 8th amplifier IC8 and peripheral circuit thereof constitute is difference and the rate of changes that detect measurement and setting voltage, and its difference is amplified, and Ji ratio, differential, integral operation circuit provide operational data backward; The homophase of the 8th amplifier IC8 and end of oppisite phase are accepted the measurement and the setting voltage signal of prime respectively, and its difference is detected amplification, to judge Current Temperatures and the gap of design temperature and mutual variation relation.Simultaneously, the scope of the big I of this amplifier gain decision subordinate proportional band, its output violent change critical potential promptly are starting to control a little of ratio, differential, integral operation circuit.
In the proportional band scope, deliver to the 9th amplifier IC9 respectively and the tenth amplifier IC10 makes calculus computing 8 and scale operation through resistance R 26, R34 by the difference signal of the 8th amplifier IC8 output.The effect of differential capacitance C11 is the difference signal that detects sudden change, variations in temperature is made trend judge.The effect of integrating capacitor C12 is that the variations in temperature of unit interval is made average treatment, avoids temperature overshoot to produce fluctuation.
Export the in-phase end of delivering to the scale operation circuit 4 that constitutes by the tenth amplifier IC10 and peripheral circuits after the difference signal of exporting with the 8th amplifier IC8 mixes by the output of the 9th amplifier IC9 through the control signal after the calculus computing and make scale operation.This circuit is one voltage-controlled, dutycycle and the adjustable square-wave oscillator of gate-width, be subjected to the common control of difference voltage and the control voltage after calculus is handled, accuse switching signal and the variable voltage signal that device provides different duty and gate-width to output AC on-off circuit 5 and the Power Regulation of half-wave transformation in real time.
The 11 amplifier IC11 and peripheral circuits constitute half-wave transformation Power Regulation controller 9, and its effect is to detect the signal that enters proportional band, and control hands over output stream switch to be operated in the half-wave attitude.Before entering proportional band, because the difference of the input of the 8th amplifier IC8 surpasses limit value, amplifier is clipped at level "0", the tenth amplifier IC10 failure of oscillations, the output level "0", the end of oppisite phase current potential of the 11 amplifier IC11 is lower than in-phase end simultaneously, and it is output as " 1 ", the 20 amplifier IC20 conducting, half-wave switch T1 conducting.The output circuit full power is powered to heating wire, and electric iron is rapidly heated.When the either direction difference signal in transformation temperature is two-way enters in the amplitude limit critical potential, the output of the tenth amplifier IC10 is by " 0 " change " 1 ", when first level"1" sends, both shown that Current Temperatures tapped into design temperature very much, to capacitor C 20 quick charges, the end of oppisite phase current potential of the 11 amplifier IC11 surpasses in-phase end rapidly to this signal by diode D7, output switching activity, the 20 amplifier IC20 input is partially anti-, and half-wave switch T1 ends, the power supply of electrical heating wire half-wave.Simultaneously, output switch circuit is accepted the Power Regulation control of dutycycle and the variable gate-width of the tenth amplifier IC10, and heater strip is carried out meticulous Power Regulation control.
The voltage comparator that the 12 amplifier IC12 and peripheral circuits constitute is overtemperature detecting circuit (10); its reference level is taken from the most significant end that high temperature is set current potential; comparative level is then taken from the output of measuring amplifier IC3 by isolating diode D11; because the pressure drop of isolating diode D11; when the measurement level is added the pressure drop of isolating diode D11 above the highest setting level; output switching activity; by " 0 " change " 1 "; again because the reverse isolation effect of isolating diode D11; recover normal even measure level later on; level on the in-phase end capacitor C 22 is owing to the charging of positive feedback resistor R62 keeps surpassing end of oppisite phase, and output locks, the transistor BG1 conducting of overtemperature prote circuit (6); the relay adhesive; the buzzer sounding alarm, normally-closed contact disconnects, heater (7) outage.
The 14 amplifier IC14, the 15 amplifier IC15, the 16 amplifier IC16 and peripheral circuits constitute the setting detecting circuit (17) that number shows; Set potentiometer when rotating, when the output voltage of the 4th amplifier IC4 changes, deliver to the end of oppisite phase of the 14 amplifier IC14 through differential capacitance C14, increase setting voltage diode D8 conducting in this way, reduce then diode D9 conducting of setting voltage in this way, the end of oppisite phase level of the 16 amplifier IC16 changes low by height, and output is by " 0 " change " 1 ", setting/measure analog switch (18), the 17 amplifier IC17 then become setting gating attitude by measuring the gating attitude.Set potentiometer after about 1 second when stopping operating, return to normal and measure the gating attitude.
Number display circuit (15), power circuit etc. are custom circuit.