CN1846627B - Method of measuring bone age and bone growth plate development degree - Google Patents
Method of measuring bone age and bone growth plate development degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN1846627B CN1846627B CN2006100126537A CN200610012653A CN1846627B CN 1846627 B CN1846627 B CN 1846627B CN 2006100126537 A CN2006100126537 A CN 2006100126537A CN 200610012653 A CN200610012653 A CN 200610012653A CN 1846627 B CN1846627 B CN 1846627B
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Abstract
The ultrasonic method of measuring bone age and bone growth plate development degree belongs to the field of measurement technology. The technological scheme includes sampling over 600 children of 1-10 years old as measuring check samples; measuring the sound velocity in the children's radius and treating the measured results to obtain the average children's bone sound velocity as the standard value of average children's bone sound velocity in the said age range; and measuring the bone sound velocity and bone growth plate sound velocity of the measured child and comparing with the standard value so as to evaluation result of the bone age and bone growth plate development degree of the measured child. The present invention avoids the jamming on the measurement process and opens one new way of judging child's bone age and bone growth plate development degree objectively and quantitatively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of development degree and stone age situation of utilizing ultrasound wave transmission speed in skeleton to detect bone growth plate, belong to field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Stone age is a sign of bone growth and development degree, and skeleton is sophisticated gradually with the growth at people's age.The bone density of adolescence is lower, and the prolongation skeleton density that reaches calcification process with advancing age also strengthens gradually, reaches the peak value of bone density about 40 years old.We are called the stone age with the degree of skeletal maturation, and stone age and people's actual age is the relation of parallel growth obviously, and and bone density between present a kind of functional relationship.Bone growth plate be the boundary in epiphysis and metaphyseal hyaline cartilage tissue, be also referred to as epiphysial cartilage.It is three layers that bone growth plate is divided into: the one, and quiescent layer, the 2nd, the hypertrophy layer, the 3rd, loose layer, all the growth promoter to the people plays an important role.Why the people can grow tall is because the hypertrophy layer of growth plate divides many chondrocytes fast, accumulate in the mitochondrion of chondrocyte at loose layer calcium cell, be released in the acid medium subsequently, form the crystallization of hydroxyapatite, and make proteoglycan and 10 collagen type calcifications in the cell form original spongy bone, and further calcification forms os osseum, skeleton thereby elongated, chap, and the child is constantly grown tall.Active at the adolescence cellular metabolism, growth plate development is vigorous, and we are referred to as open season.By the time after the growth plate closure of growing up, people's skeleton finalizes the design almost and has also just no longer grown tall.Because growth plate is determining the development degree of skeleton, determining people's height, therefore measure the developmental state of growth plate, growth potential that can the prediction child also has great significance in the athletic choice work of teenager simultaneously.
The traditional inspection stone age and the method for bone growth plate are mainly by X-ray film making method, to radius (or tibia) De Shinbone epiphysis end film making.Observe osteoepiphyseal line situation, judge according to the broadening of growth plate or narrow down etc., whether to determine the growth plate closure.The judgement for the treatment of the stone age also is that palm is carried out X-photo-beat sheet, judges the stone age according to the shape of seven metacarpal bones.Because each doctor's perusal is different with experience, often increases artificial error, has been difficult to an objective standard and concrete quantized index.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of easier, faster, can get rid of method various artificial disturbance factors, that utilize ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree.
The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is:
A kind of method of utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree, it takes following steps:
A, randomly draw one group of 1-10 year child as measuring check sample;
B, the bone velocity of sound V that utilizes the child's of ultrasonic measurement check sample radius (or tibia) to locate
A
C, will record the result and carry out statistical disposition, according to per 1 years old be an age bracket, draw the bone velocity of sound V that the radius (or tibia) of 1-10 year child's all age group is located
AMeansigma methods, the standard value that this meansigma methods is propagated as this age bracket bone in children velocity of sound;
D, the bone velocity of sound of utilizing the tested child of ultrasonic measurement to locate at radius (or tibia) draw bone velocity of sound V
B
E, utilize the bone growth plate velocity of sound of the tested child of ultrasonic measurement, draw bone growth plate velocity of sound V at the tuber of radius place
G
F, with tested child's bone velocity of sound V
BWith all age group bone in children velocity of sound standard value V
ACompare, draw tested child's stone age;
G, with tested child's bone growth plate velocity of sound V
GWith bone velocity of sound V
BValue compare, draw growth plate state value A,
Not closed when the A value less than 1 time explanation growth plate, show that the child still has growth potential; When A ≈ 1, show that growth plate is closed substantially, shows child's height continued growth space seldom.
The above-mentioned method of utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree, the wavelength that its ultrasonic measurement is adopted can be identical, also can be different.
The above-mentioned method of utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree, described bone velocity of sound V
BThe measuring position, can choose other skeleton.
The above-mentioned method of utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree, described bone growth plate velocity of sound V
GThe measuring position, can choose the bone growth plate at other skeleton place.
The present invention utilizes the ultrasonic bone density type analyzer can record child's the bone velocity of sound and the bone growth plate velocity of sound very soon, by contrasting with standard value, draws stone age and growth plate development degree two sets of data.It has stopped artificial disturbance, make one very complicated problems be able to simple process, estimate more objective and quantize, opened up a new direction measuring child's stone age and detect the growth promoter situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that the present invention measures the velocity of sound in the skeleton;
Fig. 2 utilizes the reference emitter to eliminate the principle schematic of inclination effect;
Fig. 3 is that measuring device constitutes sketch map.
Each label is among the figure: 1,2 be respectively ultrasonic transmitter and receptor; 3. display; 4. printer; P. pop one's head in; T. the lower plane of popping one's head in; D. sound insulation band; G. tested skeleton; It between T and the G soft tissue; α γ. angle of incidence or angle of reflection.
The specific embodiment
Ultrasound wave has the different velocities of sound when propagating in different media, have following relation between its spread speed and the material density: v=K* ρ
2In the formula, the density of ρ material, v is a sonic transmissions speed, K is a constant.
Have a functional relationship between the transmission speed of sound wave and the material density, different material densities has also just determined the different velocities of sound.Since skeleton is with the growth at age, its density also strengthens gradually, and the bone velocity of sound that shows so also just strengthens thereupon, as long as we record their bone velocity of sound, has also just measured their stone age.Equally, bone growth plate is the soft tissue of layer of transparent, though the velocity of sound is far smaller than the velocity of sound in bone greater than the velocity of sound in muscle and fat in growth plate, just know that they are in trophophase or closed phase as long as therefore measure in the velocity of sound at growth plate place.
The present invention once carried out one-time detection test: choose the children in one group of all ages and classes stage before 10 years old in kindergarten and middle and primary schools, this group number should be not less than 600.1000 (men 500, woman 500) have been chosen in this test, use BMD-1000C type bone density analyser, measure the bone velocity of sound of its radius respectively, handle by statistics that to get its each age group meansigma methods as follows:
Then tested child is carried out ultrasonic bone density type analyzer test, record after the bone velocity of sound and the standard value in the last table contrasts, just can be in the hope of their actual stone age.
At these children's tuber of radius place, utilize the ultrasonic bone density type analyzer to measure the velocity of sound of their bone growth plate equally, we are made as V with the growth plate place velocity of sound that records
G, and the velocity of sound is made as V in the bone that records
B, introduce a numerical value A simultaneously, order
(certainly, also can adopt its inverse to represent), A can be described as the growth plate state value, when the A value is far smaller than 1, illustrates that child's skeleton has bigger growth potential, and the explanation growth plate is near closed when A ≈ 1, child's skeleton growth potential is little.
Measuring the method for the velocity of sound in the skeleton can carry out according to shown in Fig. 1～3, and Fig. 1 has shown its measuring principle.When ultrasonic emitting after bone surface, can be scattered through the most of sound wave in bone surface refraction back, has only the sound wave that is transmitted into bone surface along a certain angle [alpha], its refractive direction is just in time parallel with bone surface, and after bone surface advances the stretch journey, reflect from bone surface with identical angle of emergence α again, what we can utilize is exactly this part, and its angle of incidence α just is called critical angle.Angle of incidence α (or γ) also is the angle of inclination of transducer work surface in the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver.Because this bundle ultrasound wave is vertically being advanced along bone surface, just can be regarded as out the velocity of sound of ultrasound wave in bone in time and distance that bone surface is advanced as long as measure it.But at the same time, ultrasound wave will consume the time through two sections distances equally in the soft tissue around the bone when arriving bone surface and reflexing to skin surface.Because because of firmly uneven, can produce an inclination angle usually when probe is pressed on the skin, promptly the plane at ultrasonic element place is uneven on the surface of skeleton and the instrument probe.When the ultrasound wave transdermal, its emission distance is different with turning back to the receptor distance, has increased the time of advancing in soft tissue, thereby has influenced the degree of accuracy of measurement result.When calculating the spread speed of ultrasound wave in skeleton, remove of the influence of skeleton surrounding soft tissue to measurement result, just must guarantee that the transmission path of ultrasound wave in soft tissue is identical with RX path length, could guarantee that detecting head surface is parallel with bone surface, accurately calculate the spread speed of ultrasound wave in skeleton.Wherein the measuring method of Fig. 2 demonstration can be eliminated inclination effect.It is that two ultrasonic transmitter R, A1 and two ultrasonic receiver B1, B2 (also can adopt more emission to accept device) have been installed in a probe, and they are arranged along parallel bottom surface one straight line in probe continuously according to the order of R, A1, B1, B2.Distance between distance between two emitter R, the A1 and two receptor B1, the B2 equates that be L, the distance between emitter A1 and the receptor B1 is X, can choose wantonly.
Its measuring process is:
(1). the outer surface at the soft tissue that covers one section skeleton is provided with ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver, and described emitter and receptor are arranged and are arranged on the straight line along the y direction of above-mentioned skeleton;
(2). launch ultrasound wave by ultrasonic transmitter to skeleton, receive ultrasound wave by ultrasonic receiver;
(3). described ultrasonic transmitter is two, is respectively emitter R, A1, and ultrasonic receiver is two, is respectively receptor B1, B2;
(4). above-mentioned emitter and receptor are arranged continuously according to the order of R, A1, B1, B2, are arranged in a probe, and are arranged on the straight line, and the distance between two emitters equates with the distance between two receptors; And be L.
(5). determine that the time that receptor B1 receives emitter R ultrasonic waves transmitted is T1, determine that the time that receptor B2 receives emitter A1 ultrasonic waves transmitted is T2, determine that the time that receptor B1 receives emitter A1 ultrasonic waves transmitted is T3;
F. compare T1, T2, when T1=T2, the spread speed of sound wave in this section skeleton can be calculated with following formula:
V＝L/ΔT
Wherein L is two distances between ultrasonic receiver B1, the B2, and Δ T=T2-T3 is the time difference that two ultrasonic receiver B1, B2 receive the same ultrasonic pulse of ultrasonic transmitter A1 emission.
During measurement, the ultrasound waves appearance that described ultrasonic transmitter R and A1 send is same, and described angle of incidence γ selects between 10～25 degree.
Claims (4)
1. method of utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree is characterized in that it takes following steps:
A. randomly draw one group of 1-10 year child as measuring check sample;
B. utilize the child's of ultrasonic measurement check sample the bone velocity of sound V at radius place
A
C. will record the result and carry out statistical disposition, according to per 1 years old be an age bracket, draw the bone velocity of sound V at the radius place of 1-10 year child's all age group
AMeansigma methods, with the standard value of this meansigma methods as the bone in children velocity of sound of this age bracket;
D. utilize the bone velocity of sound of the tested child of ultrasonic measurement, draw bone velocity of sound V at the radius place
B
E. utilize the bone growth plate velocity of sound of the tested child of ultrasonic measurement, draw bone growth plate velocity of sound V at the tuber of radius place
G
F. with tested child's bone velocity of sound V
BCompare with all age group bone in children velocity of sound standard value, draw tested child's stone age;
G. with tested child's bone growth plate velocity of sound V
GWith bone velocity of sound V
BValue compare, draw growth plate state value A,
When the A value not closed less than 1 time explanation growth plate; When A ≈ 1, show that growth plate is closed substantially;
Wherein, the bone velocity of sound is measured as follows:
(1). the outer surface at the soft tissue that covers one section skeleton is provided with ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver, and described emitter and receptor are arranged and are arranged on the straight line along the y direction of above-mentioned skeleton;
(2). launch ultrasound wave by ultrasonic transmitter to skeleton, receive ultrasound wave by ultrasonic receiver;
(3). described ultrasonic transmitter is two, is respectively emitter R, A1, and ultrasonic receiver is two, is respectively receptor B1, B2;
(4). described emitter and receptor are arranged continuously according to the order of R, A1, B1, B2, are arranged in a probe, and are arranged on the straight line, and the distance between two emitters equates with the distance between two receptors, and is L;
(5). determine that the time that receptor B1 receives emitter R ultrasonic waves transmitted is T1, determine that the time that receptor B2 receives emitter A1 ultrasonic waves transmitted is T2, determine that the time that receptor B1 receives emitter A1 ultrasonic waves transmitted is T3;
(6). compare T1, T2, when T1=T2, the spread speed V of ultrasound wave in this section skeleton calculates with following formula:
V＝L/ΔT
Wherein, Δ T=T2-T3 is the time difference that two ultrasonic receiver B1, B2 receive the same ultrasonic pulse of ultrasonic transmitter A1 emission.
2. the method for utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ultrasonic transmitter R is identical with hyperacoustic wavelength that A1 sends.
3. the method for utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described bone velocity of sound V
BThe measuring position can choose other skeleton.
4. the method for utilizing ultrasonic measurement stone age and bone growth plate development degree according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described bone growth plate velocity of sound V
GThe measuring position can choose the bone growth plate at other skeleton place.
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| CN108606811A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-10-02 | 上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心 | A kind of ultrasound stone age detecting system and its method |
Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6468215B1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2002-10-22 | Artann Laboratories | Method and device for multi-parametric ultrasonic assessment of bone conditions |
| CN1596084A (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2005-03-16 | 彼得罗·莫伊拉宁 | A method and device for the non-invasive assessment of bones |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6468215B1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2002-10-22 | Artann Laboratories | Method and device for multi-parametric ultrasonic assessment of bone conditions |
| CN1596084A (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2005-03-16 | 彼得罗·莫伊拉宁 | A method and device for the non-invasive assessment of bones |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
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| JP特开2002-143163A 2002.05.21 |
| 盛晓阳,等.上海儿童与白人儿童骨骼超声测量结果的比较.中国儿童保健杂志11 4.2003,11(4),247-250,255. |
| 盛晓阳等.上海儿童与白人儿童骨骼超声测量结果的比较.中国儿童保健杂志11 4.2003,11(4),247-250,255. * |
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