CN1845536A - Method and system for carrying out real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet - Google Patents
Method and system for carrying out real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosed system for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet comprises: some network voice devices connected with each other by Ethernet to transfer data package and TCP/IP network to transfer control information among devices. Wherein, the transmission method comprises: applying master unit in voice device to pack gathered data flow into Ethernet package to send to the called device through Ethernet; decoding the received package by the called master unit to extract data and send to the connected voice module for display. This invention has little delay.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a system and method for real-time voice transmission directly using an Ethernet (Ethernet) link layer.
Background
As disclosed in patent No. ZL 02137269.1, the conventional voice transmission method uses the H323 protocol for voice transmission above the network layer (as shown in fig. 1). For the purpose of implementing voice transmission using H323 protocol over network layer, a voice transmission system as shown in fig. 2 needs to be built. The voice transmission system is composed of a plurality of calling parties A and called parties B, and each calling party A and/or called party B is composed of traditional voice equipment such as a PBX machine, a voice processing unit and a gateway. The voice processing unit A of the calling party A is responsible for compressing the digital voice data stream provided by the voice equipment A such as a PBX machine into a voice data packet, then the voice data packet is transmitted to the voice processing unit B of the called party B through the gateway A of the calling party A, the Internet (TCP/IP network) and the gateway B of the called party B, and the voice processing unit B of the called party B is responsible for decompressing the received voice data packet into a digital voice data stream and then the digital voice data stream is transmitted to the called party B through the voice equipment B of the called party B such as a PBX machine; meanwhile, the voice data stream provided by the voice device B is compressed into a voice data packet by the voice processing unit B of the called party B, and is transmitted to the voice processing unit a of the calling party a through the gateway B, the internet (TCP/IP network) and the gateway a of the calling party a, and the received voice data packet is decompressed into a voice data stream by the voice processing unit a of the calling party a, and is transmitted to the voice device a of the calling party, such as a PBX machine, and then is transmitted to the calling party a, thereby completing the voice transmission.
It can be known from the analysis of the traditional voice transmission method and system that because the traditional voice transmission is completed by the H323 protocol based on the TCP/IP protocol, the voice transmission method can be applied to wide area networks, local area networks and places where IP can be involved. However, the wide applicability of the voice transmission method also leads the H323 protocol to have to consider more situations, and process more complicated problems, so that the H323 protocol is more complicated.
Especially, when the above-mentioned conventional voice transmission method is applied to a local area network, we find that due to the complexity of the H323 protocol, in the process of completing the exchange of voice data packets and implementing voice transmission using the H323 protocol, a separate voice processing unit and a gateway must be configured for each of the calling party and the called party, and complex echo cancellation processing is performed, so that the following disadvantages occur in the whole voice transmission system:
1. the overall voice transmission system is costly.
Since the H323 protocol cannot guarantee the transmission capability of the link, but only tries to adapt to the transmission capability of the link, the system is configured with a separate voice processing unit for each calling party and called party in view of the low bandwidth transmission requirement. The voice processing unit completes the compression and decompression of the voice data stream to carry out network transmission, thereby reducing the load of the network.
And because the H323 protocol is very complicated, in order to effectively complete call control and voice packet transmission, the system configures a separate computing unit, namely a gateway, for each of the calling party and the called party, and the conversion of the call control process of voice packet switching and the call control process of circuit switching is completed by the gateway.
The system is costly because separate voice processing units and gateways are configured for each calling party and called party.
2. The transmission link status is not controllable.
Since the conventional voice packet switching technology (H323 protocol) is suitable for all network transmission devices capable of carrying IP, the H323 protocol does not control the transmission link, but adapts to the link change by increasing the complexity of the transmission protocol, and the transmission link is in an out-of-control state for the H323 protocol.
3. A complex echo cancellation process is required.
Since voice needs to be continuously transmitted in real time so as to conform to the natural habit of human hearing, the H323 protocol adopts RTP for voice transmission, RTP is an efficient transmission protocol based on UDP and can support coding transmission of various voice compression, RTP transmits voice with the smallest extra load, but since IP is a best-effort protocol over IP, the transmission quality of voice on a link is still uncontrolled, header data such as time stamps and synchronization marks exist in RTP, so that voice data packets need to be processed at a gateway end, reasonable network voice data packets are sequenced and then delivered to a voice processing unit for decompression, and due to the calculated participation and the non-guaranteed sequence of the voice packets, voice delay and packet loss are inevitable phenomena. And with the routing of IP and the influence of the necessary protocols such as ARP and ICMP data on the transmission link burst, the regular nonlinear change of voice delay and packet loss is caused, the instable echo will influence the real-time voice quality, and the processing unit with the self-adaptive echo cancellation algorithm needs to be added to be accepted by the human ears.
Due to the uncontrollable state of Ethernet (Ethernet) network link caused by IP protocol and higher layer protocol based on IP protocol construction, real-time voice transmission delay is a complex nonlinear variable function, and echo processing undoubtedly requires complex design and many extra calculations.
4. Voice delay cannot be avoided.
Although voice can be communicated as continuously as possible and delay can be reduced by designing a protocol and adding a processing unit in a traditional voice packet switching transmission mode, a large amount of calculation is obviously needed, the speed of any processing unit has inherent limit, the larger the calculation amount is, the longer the delay time is, and therefore, real-time voice is transmitted in a packet switching network by using a traditional voice transmission method, and voice delay cannot be avoided.
5. System instability due to the complexity of the H323 protocol.
The conventional method for transmitting real-time voice by voice packet switching is designed to be very complicated to adapt to the occurrence of various link conditions, and the standardization process of many parts of the whole protocol stack is still in progress. This is also a matter of choice that conventional voice packet switched transmission of real time voice has to be considered.
In summary, there are many disadvantages in the conventional voice transmission method in the lan.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the disadvantages of the traditional voice transmission method in the local area network, the invention aims to provide a method for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet (Ethernet). The method can realize real-time transmission of voice, has extremely small, stable and controllable voice delay, and does not need additional echo cancellation processing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for Ethernet (Ethernet) -based real-time voice transmission, which can implement Ethernet (Ethernet) -based real-time voice transmission without configuring an additional voice compression and decompression processing unit and a gateway device for each calling party and/or called party.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a system for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet (Ethernet) is composed of a plurality of network voice devices, and is characterized in that:
each network voice device is connected through Ethernet (Ethernet) and TCP/IP network; ethernet (Ethernet) is used only for transmitting real-time voice data packets, and it does not carry any network protocol; the TCP/IP network is used for transmitting request control information between devices.
Each network voice device is composed of a voice module, an Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module, a TCP/IP network interface module and a main control unit; the main control unit is connected with the voice module and the two network interface modules through a data bus to transmit voice data; the network voice equipment is connected with the Ethernet (Ethernet) through an Ethernet network interface module and transmits a real-time voice data packet; the network voice equipment is also connected with a TCP/IP network through a TCP/IP network interface module and is used for interconnecting with other network voice equipment and other network systems and transmitting transmission request control information among the equipment; wherein,
the voice module is mainly responsible for collecting/playing voice data stream; the main control unit is mainly responsible for packing the voice data stream collected by the voice module into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet and transmitting the Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet to the called network voice equipment through the Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module and the Ethernet, and simultaneously, the main control unit is also responsible for unpacking the voice data packet which is transmitted back by the called network voice equipment and is packed into an Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet form, extracting the voice data stream therein and playing the voice data stream through the voice module.
The invention provides a method for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet (Ethernet), which comprises the following steps:
A. connecting each network voice device in the voice transmission system through Ethernet (Ethernet) and TCP/IP network;
B. the voice module, the main control unit, the Ethernet network interface module and the TCP/IP network interface module in each network voice device are connected through an internal data bus;
C. the main control unit in each network voice device prints the voice data stream collected by the voice module into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet, and the Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet is directly transmitted to the called network voice device through the Ethernet (Ethernet) by the Ethernet network interface module;
D. the main control unit in the called network voice device unpacks the voice data packet which is received by the Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module and is packed into the Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet form, extracts the voice data stream in the voice data packet, transmits the voice data stream to the voice module connected with the voice data stream through the data bus, and broadcasts the voice data stream through the voice module.
Therefore, the invention can realize the real-time transmission of voice data without complex voice transmission protocol, and does not need extra echo cancellation processing.
The system for realizing voice data real-time transmission provided by the invention adopts a design mode of independent networking, namely Ethernet (Ethernet) is specially used for transmitting and exchanging real-time voice data, and TCP/IP network is specially used for transmitting request and control information among all network voice devices, so the invention reduces the complexity of a voice data packet exchange call control protocol, does not need to configure additional gateway equipment and a voice compression/decompression processing unit for each network voice device, and greatly reduces the system cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a conventional network model of the voice packet switching protocol (H323 protocol)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional voice transmission system
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a real-time Ethernet (Ethernet) -based voice transmission system according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of each network voice device according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a network layer model for implementing real-time voice packet switching based on link layer according to the present invention
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 3, the system for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet (Ethernet) provided by the present invention is composed of a plurality of network voice devices A, B, C … …, and each network voice device is connected through Ethernet (Ethernet) and TCP/IP network (internet). Wherein, Ethernet (Ethernet) does not carry any network protocol, only used for transmitting the real-time voice data packet; the TCP/IP network is used for transmitting request control information between devices.
As shown in fig. 4, each network voice device is composed of a voice module, an Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module, a TCP/IP network interface module, and a main control unit; the main control unit is connected with the voice module and the two network interface modules through a data bus; the network voice device is connected with the Ethernet (Ethernet) through the Ethernet network interface module to transmit the real-time voice data packet, and simultaneously, the network voice device is also connected with the TCP/IP network through the TCP/IP network interface module to be interconnected with other network voice devices and other network systems to transmit the transmission request control information among the devices. The voice module is mainly responsible for acquiring/playing voice data; the main control unit is mainly responsible for packing the voice data stream collected by the voice module into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet and transmitting the Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet to the called network voice equipment through the Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module and the Ethernet, and meanwhile, the main control unit is also responsible for unpacking the voice data packet which is transmitted back by the called network voice equipment and is packed into an Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet form, extracting the voice data stream therein and then playing the voice data stream through the voice module; in the process that the main control unit packs the voice data stream into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet and unpacks the voice data stream, the main control unit searches a target Ethernet link layer address of the called network equipment through a TCP/IP network interface module and a TCP/IP network and inquires whether the called network equipment is idle or not.
The invention provides a method for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet, which comprises the following steps:
A. connecting each network voice device in the voice transmission system through Ethernet (Ethernet) and TCP/IP network;
B. the voice module, the main control unit, the Ethernet network interface module and the TCP/IP network interface module in each network voice device are connected through an internal data bus;
C. the main control unit in each network voice device prints the voice data stream collected by the voice module into an Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet, and the Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet is directly transmitted to the called network voice device through the Ethernet (Ethernet) by the Ethernet network interface module;
D. the main control unit in the called network voice device unpacks the voice data packet which is received by the Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module and is packed into the Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet form, extracts the voice data stream in the voice data packet, transmits the voice data stream to the voice module connected with the voice data stream through the data bus, and broadcasts the voice data stream through the voice module.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
1. a voice module in the calling network voice equipment collects the voice data of a calling party, converts the voice data into digital voice data flow and transmits the digital voice data flow to a main control unit connected with the digital voice data flow through a data bus;
2. the main control unit searches a target Ethernet link layer address of called network equipment by using a TCP/IP network through a TCP/IP network interface module according to a called party number in the received voice data stream, and prints the received digital voice data stream into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet;
3. the main control unit inquires whether the called network equipment is idle or not through a TCP/IP network interface module and a TCP/IP network; if the mobile terminal is idle, executing the step 4, otherwise, waiting until the mobile terminal is idle;
4. the main control unit transmits the printed Ethernet voice data packet to the called network equipment directly through the Ethernet (Ethernet) through the Ethernet network interface module;
5. the main control unit in the called party network equipment unpacks the voice data packet transmitted by the calling party after receiving the voice data packet through the called party Ethernet network interface module, extracts the voice data stream therein, transmits the voice data stream to the voice module in the called party network equipment, and converts the voice data stream into a voice signal to be played;
6. meanwhile, the called party voice module collects the called party voice data and converts the called party voice data into a digital voice data stream signal which is transmitted to the main control unit connected with the data bus through the data bus;
7. the main control unit prints the received voice digital stream into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet;
8. the main control unit transmits the printed Ethernet voice data packet to the calling party network equipment directly through the Ethernet via the Ethernet network interface module;
9. the main control unit in the network equipment of the calling party unpacks the received voice data packet formed by being beaten into an Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet, extracts the voice data stream in the voice data packet, transmits the voice data stream to a voice module connected with the voice data stream, and converts the voice data stream into a voice signal to be played;
10. the above process is repeated until one pass is completed.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for performing real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet (Ethernet) provided by the present invention directly performs real-time voice transmission through an Ethernet (Ethernet) link layer, which does not carry any network protocol, and only has its own link protocol and is responsible for real-time transmission of voice data packets, so that the present invention can achieve real-time transmission of voice data without complex voice transmission protocol, and perform extremely small, stable and controllable voice delay without additional echo cancellation processing.
As shown in fig. 3, the system for implementing real-time transmission of voice data provided by the present invention adopts a design mode of independent networking, that is, a real-time voice switching network and a network for transmitting request control information are independently networked, an Ethernet (Ethernet) is specially used for transmission and switching of real-time voice data packets, and a TCP/IP network is specially used for transmitting request and control information between network voice devices, so that the present invention reduces the complexity of a voice data packet switching call control protocol, does not need to configure an additional gateway device and a voice compression/decompression processing unit for each network voice device, and greatly reduces the system cost.
In addition, the invention can also construct real-time voice exchange systems with different scales, strong expansibility, flexibility, large capacity and low price by selecting Ethernet (Ethernet) exchange equipment (such as 10M or 100M or 1000M Ethernet exchangers) with different specifications, a plurality of network voice equipment and corresponding network interface modules; and, by dividing 10M or 100M or 1000M Ethernet (Ethernet) into several logical channels, the data bandwidth thereof is fully utilized to transmit real-time voice.
Claims (4)
1. A system for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet is composed of a plurality of network voice devices, and is characterized in that:
each network voice device is connected through Ethernet (Ethernet) and TCP/IP network; ethernet (Ethernet) is used only for transmitting real-time voice data packets, and it does not carry any network protocol; the TCP/IP network is used for transmitting request control information between devices.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the system for real-time voice over Ethernet (Ethernet) transmission comprises: each network voice device is composed of a voice module, an Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module, a TCP/IP network interface module and a main control unit; the main control unit is connected with the voice module and the two network interface modules through a data bus to transmit voice data; the network voice equipment is connected with the Ethernet (Ethernet) through an Ethernet network interface module and transmits a real-time voice data packet; the network voice equipment is also connected with a TCP/IP network through a TCP/IP network interface module and is used for interconnecting with other network voice equipment and other network systems and transmitting transmission request control information among the equipment; wherein,
the voice module is mainly responsible for collecting/playing voice data stream; the main control unit is mainly responsible for packing the voice data stream collected by the voice module into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet and transmitting the Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet to the called network voice equipment through the Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module and the Ethernet, and simultaneously, the main control unit is also responsible for unpacking the voice data packet which is transmitted back by the called network voice equipment and is packed into an Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet form, extracting the voice data stream therein and playing the voice data stream through the voice module.
3. A method for real-time voice transmission based on Ethernet (Ethernet), comprising the following steps:
A. connecting each network voice device in the voice transmission system through Ethernet (Ethernet) and TCP/IP network;
B. the voice module, the main control unit, the Ethernet network interface module and the TCP/IP network interface module in each network voice device are connected through an internal data bus;
C. the main control unit in each network voice device prints the voice data stream collected by the voice module into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet, and the Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet is directly transmitted to the called network voice device through the Ethernet (Ethernet) by the Ethernet network interface module;
D. the main control unit in the called network voice device unpacks the voice data packet which is received by the Ethernet (Ethernet) network interface module and is packed into the Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet form, extracts the voice data stream in the voice data packet, transmits the voice data stream to the voice module connected with the voice data stream through the data bus, and broadcasts the voice data stream through the voice module.
4. A method for real-time voice over Ethernet (Ethernet) transmission according to claim 3, wherein: the step C and the step D are further detailed as the following steps:
(1) the voice module in the calling network voice equipment collects the voice data of the calling party, converts the voice data into digital voice data flow and transmits the digital voice data flow to the main control unit connected with the digital voice data flow through the data bus;
(2) the main control unit searches a target Ethernet link layer address of called network equipment by using a TCP/IP network through a TCP/IP network interface module according to a called party number in the received voice data stream, and prints the received digital voice data stream into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet;
(3) the main control unit inquires whether the network equipment of the called party is idle or not through a TCP/IP network interface module and a TCP/IP network; if the mobile terminal is idle, executing the step 4, otherwise, waiting until the mobile terminal is idle;
(4) the main control unit transmits the printed Ethernet voice data packet to the called network equipment directly through the Ethernet (Ethernet) through the Ethernet network interface module;
(5) the main control unit in the called network equipment unpacks the voice data packet transmitted by the calling party after receiving the voice data packet through the called Ethernet network interface module, extracts the voice data stream, transmits the voice data stream to the voice module in the called network equipment, and converts the voice data stream into a voice signal to be played;
(6) meanwhile, the called party voice module collects the called party voice data and converts the called party voice data into a digital voice data stream signal which is transmitted to the main control unit connected with the data bus through the data bus;
(7) the main control unit prints the received voice digital stream into an Ethernet (Ethernet) voice data packet;
(8) the main control unit transmits the printed Ethernet voice data packet to the calling party network equipment directly through the Ethernet via the Ethernet network interface module;
(9) the main control unit in the calling party network equipment unpacks the received voice data packet formed by being beaten into an Ethernet (Ethernet) data packet, extracts the voice data stream in the voice data packet, transmits the voice data stream to a voice module connected with the voice data stream, and converts the voice data stream into a voice signal through the voice module and plays the voice signal;
(10) and repeating the above steps continuously until one pass is finished.
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| WO2008058427A1 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-05-22 | Zte Corporation | A apparatus and method for real-time rebroadcasting speech based on the public network |
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| US5268899A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-12-07 | 3Com Corporation | Apparatus for generating pseudo-random numbers in a communication system, or other system involving a shared resource |
| US7313105B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2007-12-25 | Nortel Networks Limited | Mechanism and method to select a time delay in response to a collision |
| CN1400804A (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-03-05 | 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司上海第二研究所 | Speech transmission method of Ethernet port |
| CN1409548A (en) * | 2002-09-02 | 2003-04-09 | 曹健 | Internet protocol network telephone system and its realizing method |
| CN1282348C (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2006-10-25 | 深圳市研祥智能科技股份有限公司 | Multifunctional wideband gateway and communication method thereof |
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