CN1845467A - Multi-user delivery scheme combining intelligent antenna technology in TD-SCDMA downlink chain circuit - Google Patents

Multi-user delivery scheme combining intelligent antenna technology in TD-SCDMA downlink chain circuit Download PDF

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CN1845467A
CN1845467A CNA2006100722944A CN200610072294A CN1845467A CN 1845467 A CN1845467 A CN 1845467A CN A2006100722944 A CNA2006100722944 A CN A2006100722944A CN 200610072294 A CN200610072294 A CN 200610072294A CN 1845467 A CN1845467 A CN 1845467A
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user
matrix
weights
intelligent antenna
calculate
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蒋峥
常永宇
张欣
杨大成
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Abstract

The presented multiuser transmission scheme, which combines intelligent antenna technique and applied on down link of TD-SCDMA system, comprises: taking channel estimation to RF receiver sampling data of every antenna array element by known user train sequence to obtain all channel states and then the assignment weight values of down beam of intelligent antenna; finally, applying the multiuser transmission system for pre-balance according to former weight value and user channel state. This invention is practical to improve system performance.

Description

A kind of multi-user delivery scheme that is applied to the combining intelligent antenna technology in the TD-SCDMA down link
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, is a kind of multi-user delivery scheme of combining intelligent antenna technology of the TD-SCDMA of being applied to wireless communication system downlink.
Background technology
TD SDMA (TD-SCDMA) system is the 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system) based on time division duplex (TDD) mode that China proposes.In this system, multiple access disturb (Multiple-access Interference, MAI), (Inter-symbol Interference ISI) is the principal element of restriction system capacity in intersymbol interference.In current system, Multiuser Detection (Multiuser Detection, MUD) technology usually is used to eliminate multiple access at receiving terminal and disturbs (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI), (Multiuser Transmission MUT) also begins to be noted by increasing people and study recently and another technology multi-user sends.Multi-user's transmission technology is a kind of preconditioning technique at transmitting terminal, it is applied in the base station down link of time-division duplex (TDD-CDMA) system, can eliminate multiple access effectively and disturb (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI), improve the power system capacity of down link.
In the TDD system, if system's transmitting terminal and receiving terminal are accurately synchronous and the correlated time of channel is enough big, can think that then the channel impulse response of up link is equally applicable to down link, therefore can design a transmitting filter carries out preequalization to receiving end signal.If adopt this pre-equalization techniques (multi-user's transmission technology), system just needn't adopt multiuser detection (MUD) to eliminate multiple access at receiving terminal and disturb (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI), and the complexity of system receiving terminal has been reduced greatly.Adopt multi-user's transmission technology not only can reduce the system receiving terminal complexity, can also increase power system capacity.This is because after adopting multi-user's transmission technology, omitted the Multiuser Detection module at receiving terminal, so receiving terminal does not need to carry out channel estimating, therefore system has saved the Radio Resource that is used to send training sequence.
Although the multi-user sends (MUT) technology and has many good qualities, but in actual applications, the introducing of multi-antenna array and space angle information is restricted the performance performance of multi-user's transmission technology, because do not consider the channel space angle information is handled in multi-user's transmitting system in the past.Smart antenna is as a key technology in the TD-SCDMA system, utilize aerial array to wave beam converge into and point to control, produce a plurality of independently wave beams, can adjust of the variation of its directional diagram adaptively with tracking signal.It utilizes Digital Signal Processing, produce the spatial orientation wave beam, make antenna main beam aim at the subscriber signal arrival direction, secondary lobe or zero trapping spot are aimed at the interference signal arrival direction, and the useful signal that fully utilizes the mobile subscriber efficiently also suppresses or the purpose of deletion interference signal to reach.These advantages of smart antenna have exactly been replenished the blank of handling for the channel space angle information in multi-user's transmitting system, therefore intelligent antenna technology are joined in multi-user's transmitting system, can improve the performance of original system.The present invention proposes the system model that multi-user's transmitting system combines with smart antenna, utilize the characteristics of smart antenna to improve original multi-user's transmitting system performance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of multi-user delivery scheme of combining intelligent antenna technology of the TD-SCDMA of being applied to system down link, this programme not only utilizes original multi-user's transmission technology to carry out preequalization, the multiple access of eliminating in the down link disturbs and intersymbol interference, and combining intelligent antenna, utilize smart antenna to carry out wave beam forming, reduce other users' interference, improve systematic function.The present invention is applicable in the TD-SCDMA system down link.
In each up time slot of TD-SCDMA wireless communication system, except transmitting user data, also have the training sequence Midamble sign indicating number (about the explanation of Midamble sign indicating number referring to 3GPP TS 25.221V 4.0.0 2001-03) of some length, be used for carrying out channel estimating.The user is transmitted data with burst mode, because the time of a burst is enough short, can think that subscriber channel is constant when being when bursty data piece of transmission, and therefore every " piece " data can be carried out channel estimating one time.Because uplink downlink has symmetry, thus the estimated channel impulse response that goes out of up link and the angle of arrival (Direction ofArrival DOA) can be directly used in down link.This is the theoretical foundation that multi-user's transmitting system and smart antenna can operate as normal.
Idiographic flow of the present invention is as follows:
1. the base station end uses aerial array to receive a uplink time slot data burst signals and stores the aerial array memory cell into, utilize channel estimator and aerial array channel impulse response (Channel ImpulsiveResponse then to each user of up link, CIR) and the angle of arrival estimate paper " the Smart Antennas for Combined DOA and Joint Channel Estimationin Time-Slotted CDMA Mobile Radio Systems with Joint Detection that concrete grammar can be delivered with reference to J.Blanz etc. on IEEE Trans.On Vehiculartechnology 2000.”
2. the base station end is analyzed each user's of estimating the channel impulse response and the angle of arrival, and the weighing vector that is shaped of compute beam.
3. the weights of multi-user's sending metrix are calculated in each subscriber channel impulse response that estimates at second beam shape-endowing weight value that calculate of step and the first step.
4. multi-user's transmission weights of utilizing for the 3rd step calculated is weighted renewal to the down link signal that the user will send.
5. the intelligent antenna beam shaping weights that utilized for second step calculated were weighted through the down link signal after the weighting the 4th step.
6. will launch by transmitter through the final signal after the weighting.
7. finish.
The algorithm that calculates the intelligent antenna beam shaping weights in the step 2 has a lot, should select for use mainly based on the interference of eliminating other subscriber signals of sub-district, the beam shaping algorithm that can significantly reduce the total transmitting power in base station.Can be eliminated with uniting to send for the interference that the user who uses different spreading codes produces.Concrete which kind of algorithm that adopts should be on the basis of taking all factors into consideration factors such as system's specific performance requirement, equipment complexity, actual motion effect, and measurements and calculations are determined through test of many times.
The purpose that the present invention suggested plans is to utilize the wave beam forming technology of smart antenna, raising system received signal quality reduces the interference of other transmit direction, thereby strengthens the performance of multi-user's transmitting system, reduce the complexity of TD-SCDMA system receiving terminal, increase the TD-SCDMA power system capacity.
The characteristics of this programme are multi-user's transmission technology is combined with intelligent antenna technology, the characteristics of TD-SCDMA system have been utilized fully, promptly since in the TD-SCDMA system number of users in time slot on the low side, and uplink downlink has symmetry, can directly come roughly to be similar to the channel of down link like this with the channel of up link, and do not need as the FDD system, also will carry out other processing, make that utilizing uplink information that downlink information is carried out preliminary treatment becomes possibility, and combining intelligent antenna airspace filter characteristic raising systematic function, this programme is applicable in the TD-SCDMA system base-station end down link.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the base station end structure figure that the present invention simplifies;
Fig. 2 represents base station of the present invention end down link processing structure chart;
Fig. 3 represents mode figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 represents base station down link processing illustraton of model of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instantiation this programme is described in detail, so that further understand principle, step, characteristics and the advantage of this programme, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the simplification architecture of base station figure of the multi-user delivery scheme of the combining intelligent antenna that proposes of the present invention, and unit such as the intelligent antenna array that this system is made up of K root antenna, multi-channel transceiver, channel estimating unit, downlink wave beam processing unit, descending multi-user transmitting element, adaptive uplink processing unit, up joint-detection are formed.The signal that intelligent antenna array receives transforms to digital baseband signal through multiple channel transceiver.Carry out channel estimating and DOA then and estimate, results estimated is sent into adaptive uplink processing unit, downlink beamforming processing unit and multi-user's transmitting element.The weighted of upward signal is finished in up self-adaptive processing unit, the beam shape-endowing weight value that the downlink wave beam processing unit is finished down link signal calculates, and weights are sent into multi-user's sending module, multi-user's sending module calculates the preequalization weights of down link signal according to the weights result that channel estimation results and smart antenna calculate.After down link data process multi-user's sending module and twice weighting of smart antenna module, launch to the downlink wave beam that aerial array forms directed towards user by multiple channel transceiver.
Fig. 2 is that the base station end down link of the multi-user delivery scheme of the combining intelligent antenna that proposes of the present invention is handled structure chart, this structure comprises following several sections, intelligent antenna array, weighted network, beam shaping algorithm controls unit, subscriber channel estimator, DOA estimator, multi-user's sending controling unit etc.After aerial array receives the data of up link, through RF front end and base band frequency conversion, become digital baseband channel earlier, then by demodulation multiplexer, the midamble sign indicating number of isolating upward signal comes.These midamble sign indicating numbers are sent into channel estimator.Estimate each user's channel impulse response.Again these channel impulse responses are sent into the angle of arrival of estimating each every distinguishable footpath of user in the DOA estimator.These channel impulse responses and angle information all will be fed to the Given information of beam shaping algorithm controls unit as down link, and these information also will be admitted to multi-user's transmitting element simultaneously.The channel impulse response that beam shaping algorithm controls unit foundation estimates and the value of the angle of arrival calculate the weights of downlink user information, and these weights are sent into multi-user's sending controling unit.Multi-user's sending controling unit recomputates cover weights according to these group weights and the channel impulse response that utilizes the midambe sign indicating number to estimate and disturbs and intersymbol interference to eliminate the multiple access that exists in the down link.The downlink user signal at first passes through the weighting of multi-user's sending controling unit, is weighted through aerial array then, pass through up-conversion again after, what just can obtain expecting transmits.The TD-SCDMA downlink receiver receives after the subscriber signal, need not carry out channel estimating and joint-detection to signal, and Direct-Spread just can be eliminated, and multiple access disturbs and the subscriber signal of intersymbol interference.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the system, and there is the K transmit antennas base station, each mobile station MS uA reception antenna is arranged.The base station is that U position user sends data by the K transmit antennas, and user's travelling carriage receives with an omnidirectional antenna.The white noise vector η of user's channel that u passes through u' expression, he is at the despreading matrix C of receiving terminal u HExpression.h K, uExpression arrives mobile terminal MS by antenna k uChannel impulse response.
Fig. 4 is a base station down link processing illustraton of model of the present invention.User's descending transmission signal is through multi-user's sending metrix T weighting, spread spectrum Matrix C among the figure uSpread spectrum, the weighting of beam shaping matrix W, the aerial array that the downlink data that obtains expecting is at last formed by K root antenna sends.
The operation principle of the MUT system that has introduced smart antenna once is described below in conjunction with specific algorithm.Smart antenna and multi-user send in the associating using system, and base station down link processing model as shown in Figure 4.
Symbol d u, n represents that n of user u sends symbol (symbol), vectorial d uThe length after the QPSK modulation of expression user u is the symbol sebolic addressing of N.All U user symbol sequence tables are shown matrix d = [ d 1 T , . . . , d U T ] T . The linear multi-user of symbol level sends (as T XZF or T XWF) matrix is represented with T, can make an explanation to matrix T below this paper.
x＝Td＝[x 1，1，...，x 1，N，...，x U，N] T
The spreading code of user u is expressed as vectorial c u=[c u(1) ..., c u(G)] T, spreading code length is G.
The spread spectrum matrix notation of user u is C u=blockdiag (c u..., c u);
All user's spread spectrum matrix notations of system are C=blockdiag (C 1..., C U);
This paper provides smart antenna and the multi-user sends when uniting use, the intelligent antenna beam moulding matrix W in the system, and the weight vectors matrix of user u on antenna k is
The weight vectors of all K of user u antenna is W u=(W U, 1..., W U, K) TU=1 ..., U.
Beam forming weight vectors matrix is W=(W 1..., W U).
The transmission signal vectors of all users by smart antenna emission can be expressed as s=WCTd, and the chip sequence length of S vector is M=KGN.
The mode of system in the spatial frequency selective channel, arrives mobile terminal MS by antenna k as shown in Figure 3 uLength be that the channel impulse response (CIR) of L is expressed as
h k，u＝(h k，u(0)，...，h k，u(L-1))k＝1，...，K，u＝1，...，U。
The channel convolution matrix of Toeplitz structure is expressed as
H u , k = h u , k ( 0 ) 0 . . 0 h u , k ( 1 ) h u , k ( 0 ) . . 0 . . h u , k ( 1 ) . . 0 h u , k ( L - 1 ) . . . . 0 . . h u , k ( L - 1 ) . . . . 0 0 . . h u , k ( 0 ) ,
K=1 ..., K, u=1 ..., U, the channel impulse response matrix of unique user u is H u=[H U, 1..., H U, K],
U user's channel impulse response matrix is H = H 1 … H U ,
At receiving terminal, mobile terminal MS uReceived signal also to add white Gauss noise (AWGN), be expressed as
r u = Σ k = 1 K H u , k S k + η u ′
The vector representation of receiving terminal subscriber signal is r = [ r 1 T , . . . , r U T ] T , r＝Hs+η′。
Whole system has comprised various pieces such as transmitter, spatial frequency selective channel, receiver.The MUT technology is regarded whole system as an integral body, describes with a sytem matrix.At receiving terminal, the detector signal vector is
d ^ = d ~ + η = C H HWCTd + C H η ′ = BTd + η . Symbol-symbol (symbol-symbol) sytem matrix can be expressed as B=C HHWC (1).
If consider of the influence of each transmit chip, do not considering that under the white noise situation, the vector that detector receives can also be expressed as to each receiving symbol d ~ = C H Hs = As , The sytem matrix A=C of chip-chip HH.
In real system is used, should take all factors into consideration factors such as systematic function requirement, equipment complexity, physical device operational effect, select smart antenna and multi-user's transmission algorithm.Here for the operation principle of illustrative system, the algorithm of smart antenna is specially maximum signal to noise ratio (SNR) beam forming algorithm, multi-user's transmission algorithm is specially linear Weiner filter algorithm.System's supposition base station transmit signals is given user u, and the signal power that portable terminal receives can be expressed as
R u = E { b u b u H } = W u H H u H C u H C u H u W u .
Therefore the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio that receives at portable terminal u
SNR u = R u σ 2 = W u H H u H C u H C u H u W u σ 2 - - - ( 2 )
Beam forming maximum signal to noise ratio (SNR) algorithm makes the ratio of formula (2) reach maximum exactly, can prove matrix H u HC n HC uH uThe pairing characteristic vector of eigenvalue of maximum can make the ratio of signal to noise ratio reach maximum, therefore can calculate the weight vector matrix W of downlink beamforming.
After calculating the weight vector value of beam shaping, adopt the multi-user to send Weiner filter (TxWF) algorithm and calculate the preequalization matrix T that contains the intelligent antenna weight value matrix.
Matrix T=β WF[B+ α I] -1, formula (1) is seen in the matrix B explanation
Parameter alpha is a factor that is determined by receiving terminal noise energy and the transmission symbol energy that receives, the purpose of least mean-square error MMSE condition is the distance that minimizes between the receiving symbol that sends symbol and measure, and therefore this algorithm is to sending the best estimate of symbol.
In summary it can be seen that the multi-user delivery scheme of the combining intelligent antenna that the present invention proposes has following characteristics:
1. make full use of the characteristic of channel of TD-SCDMA, can improve usage factor of system resource, reduced the complexity of receiving terminal, be applicable to the down link miscellaneous service.
2. make full use of prior art, realize simple.Because smart antenna and Multiuser Detection are the key technologies among the TD-SCDMA, and among the present invention topmost two kinds of technology wherein a kind of be exactly intelligent antenna technology, another multi-user's transmission technology is equal to the contrary technology of multiuser detection again, therefore implement very convenient, particularly this programme reduces the complexity of portable terminal by the complexity that improves the base station end, improve power system capacity, saved the cost of TD-SCDMA system like this.
3. insensitive to concrete implementation and protocol specification, compatible good, can be integrated into easily in the existing technical system.
In a word, the present invention combines intelligent antenna technology and multi-user's transmission technology, make full use of the advantage of two kinds of technology, reduce the complexity of portable terminal with the method for simple structure and easily realization, improving the TD-SCDMA downlink system capacity, is a kind of effective, valuable multi-user's transmitting system scheme.

Claims (5)

1. a multi-user delivery scheme that is used for TD-SCDMA system or other TDD-CDMA system down link is included in and unites wave beam forming technology and the multi-user's transmission technology that uses smart antenna in the down link, it is characterized in that this programme comprises following steps:
Step 1: the base station end uses aerial array to receive a uplink time slot data burst signals and stores the aerial array memory cell into, utilizes channel estimator and aerial array to each user's of up link channel impulse response with reach the angle and estimate then;
Step 2: the base station end is to each user's of estimating channel impulse response and reach the angle and analyze, and the weighing vector of computational intelligence antenna beam figuration;
Step 3:, calculate the weights of multi-user's sending metrix at each subscriber channel impulse response value that second beam shape-endowing weight value that calculate of step and the first step estimate;
Step 4: multi-user's transmission weights of utilizing for the 3rd step calculated is weighted renewal to the down link signal that each user will send;
Step 5: the intelligent antenna beam shaping weights that utilized for second step calculated carry out wave beam forming to the 4th step through the down link signal after the weighting;
Step 6: the final signal behind the wave beam forming is launched by transmitter.
2. the calculating multi-user transmission weights method described in claim 1 is characterized in that intelligent antenna beam shaping weights and channel conditions weights are taken all factors into consideration, and calculates the weights of multi-user's sending metrix.
3. described in claim 2, calculate multi-user's transmission weights method, it is characterized in that the detector signal vector is in step 3 B=C HHWC, wherein C represents the spread spectrum matrix, and H represents channel matrix, and W represents the intelligent antenna beam shaping weight matrix, and T represents multi-user's sending metrix, and U represents number of mobile users, and N represents the symbol lengths of the information that sends.
4. described in claim 2, calculate multi-user's transmission weights method, the preequalization matrix T that can adopt the Weiner filter algorithm to calculate to contain the intelligent antenna weight value matrix, the following matrix T=β of method WF[C HHWC+ α I] -1, I is a unit matrix, parameter alpha is a factor that is determined by receiving terminal noise energy and the transmission symbol energy that receives, β WFIt is a measure coefficient that obtains by the transmitted power restriction.
5. described in claim 2, calculate the method for multi-user's transmission weights, the preequalization matrix T that can adopt the zero forcing equalization algorithm to calculate to contain the intelligent antenna weight value matrix, the following matrix T=β of method ZF(C HHWC) -1, β ZFIt is a measure coefficient that obtains by the transmitted power restriction.
CNA2006100722944A 2006-04-18 2006-04-18 Multi-user delivery scheme combining intelligent antenna technology in TD-SCDMA downlink chain circuit Pending CN1845467A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2010148678A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2010-12-29 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method, device and system for modifying communication information error
CN101192869B (en) * 2006-11-24 2011-06-22 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Multi-service wave bundle shaping method for wireless communication system
WO2012003627A1 (en) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method for communicating with a user equipment using plurality of transmit antennas
CN101145819B (en) * 2007-10-23 2012-04-04 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 A method and device for implementing smart antenna
CN101488794B (en) * 2008-12-26 2012-07-04 南京邮电大学 Intelligent antenna message transceiving method for CDMA high speed data base station
CN101686469B (en) * 2008-09-25 2012-09-05 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for realizing downstream data beam formation and system thereof
CN101499812B (en) * 2008-02-01 2012-12-19 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for eliminating inter-code interference and multi-user interference
CN101350645B (en) * 2007-07-19 2013-03-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for eliminating interference between users
CN101350656B (en) * 2007-07-18 2013-06-12 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for eliminating interference between users
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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101192869B (en) * 2006-11-24 2011-06-22 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Multi-service wave bundle shaping method for wireless communication system
CN101350656B (en) * 2007-07-18 2013-06-12 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for eliminating interference between users
CN101350645B (en) * 2007-07-19 2013-03-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for eliminating interference between users
CN101145819B (en) * 2007-10-23 2012-04-04 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 A method and device for implementing smart antenna
CN101499812B (en) * 2008-02-01 2012-12-19 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for eliminating inter-code interference and multi-user interference
CN101686469B (en) * 2008-09-25 2012-09-05 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method for realizing downstream data beam formation and system thereof
CN102177742B (en) * 2008-10-29 2015-04-22 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 Methods and apparatuses for performing transmit beamforming sector sweep in a multiantenna communication device
US9413437B2 (en) 2008-10-29 2016-08-09 Marvell World Trade Ltd. Efficient and flexible transmit beamforming sector sweep in a multi-antenna communication device
CN101488794B (en) * 2008-12-26 2012-07-04 南京邮电大学 Intelligent antenna message transceiving method for CDMA high speed data base station
WO2010148678A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2010-12-29 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method, device and system for modifying communication information error
CN102082634A (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method, device and system for correcting communication information errors
CN102082634B (en) * 2009-11-27 2014-04-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method, device and system for correcting communication information errors
WO2012003627A1 (en) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method for communicating with a user equipment using plurality of transmit antennas
US9137800B2 (en) 2010-07-06 2015-09-15 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd Method for communicating with a user equipment using plurality of transmit antennas

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