CN1845177A - Three-dimensional remote rendering system and method based on image transmission - Google Patents
Three-dimensional remote rendering system and method based on image transmission Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimension remote romance system, based on graph transmission, which comprises interactive server terminal and user terminal. Wherein, the server terminal has mode file manage unit, three-dimension romance engine unit, graph code decode compress unit, and network transmission unit; the user terminal has network transmission unit and user interactive unit; when the server terminal receives the browse request of user terminal via the network transmission unit, the mode file manage unit reads the mode file that requesting browse; using three-dimension romance engine unit to romance generate graph data, via the graph code decode compress unit to be compressed, and via network transmission unit, to be sent to the user terminal; user terminal decodes the data of compressed graph, to display it via user interface. The invention uses progressive transmission, multistage delay memory, and the prediction based on user interaction to realize the balance between high real-time property and high accurate browse, to support quick beautiful romance effect to general user.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of remote rendering display technique of three-dimensional model, specifically, relate to a kind of three-dimensional remote rendering system and method thereof based on the image transmission.
Background technology
At present, increasing website brings the user true beautiful immersive VR displaying by the high accuracy three-dimensional model on the Internet, yet the file that the development of internet environment still is not enough to satisfy big data quantity in the world wide transmits fast, and usually the single 3 D model of the common size of medium accuracy may produce the file of 10-100Mb size, therefore all needs a kind of user interactions real-time that can either guarantee can guarantee that again the network of the effect of showing plays up display technique under many circumstances.
The conventional transmission mode of Cai Yonging was data to be cut into packet according to byte order send to receiving terminal by network then in the past, and receiving terminal must just can be combined into partial data and read and resolve after receiving whole correct data bags.In the Web3D technical standard at present comparatively commonly used, such as VRML, technology such as X3D all are that the network three-dimensional model formatted file by downloading specific customization is played up by local computer then and showed to user end computer.This scheme has limited user's colony, and it at first needs the express network of enough speed to insert the file download time that guarantees than short, and present most of users' access speed may cause the time of user effort more than ten minutes.The CPU of subscriber computer and graphic image processor performance need the enough powerful three-dimensional rendering calculation task of finishing in addition, the deficiency of computing power will cause the decline of bandwagon effect and the inconvenience of user interactions, for more extensive and handheld device easily, the three-dimensional rendering task is more unacceptable.On the other hand, thus the download model file has caused the user to touch the possibility that the copyright that has copyright has caused copyright infringement to local.
The progressive transmission technology is to come the encoding and decoding view data by gradual coding format, the partial data that utilization is received just can generate the view data of low resolution to be used for multiresolution (along with increasing that data arrive, it is clear that resolution becomes) displaying, the data stream of its generation can guarantee real-time and high-precision balance so that thereby the image information that client only adopts partial data stream just to produce low resolution is created the display effect of " from coarse to fine ".And the response time that can largely reduce system by the caching technology of client, server end employing at all levels.Can be in advance the request of user side be responded by the user interactions forecasting techniques, thereby exchange the real-time of user capture with the residue performance of server for.
Copyright protection under traditional network three-dimensional display pattern normally realizes by the encryption at model file itself, yet the digital watermark of corresponding passive type can not guarantee can not cracking of model file fully.
Application for a patent for invention 200510019825.9 discloses a kind of three-D visual method based on image, the steps include: that client receives interactive command and parsing that the user sends; The user end to server end is submitted to and is browsed the request of three-dimensional model and user's viewpoint position, and request obtains accurate view; The master server analysis request is also judged, reads required model file from master server or ISP's database, perhaps gives user prompt; Master server rending model file generates accurate view; Master server compresses processing to view color information and depth information; Master server by network with the compressed file and viewpoint position that obtain after, deposit buffer zone after the decompression in, and display color information.In this technical scheme, the system burden major part all is concentrated in client, and still higher (usually the image size is about 10KB-100KB for present internet condition for image data transmission, 1Mbps access speed for common broadband, need the time about 0.7s), its system response time tradition has relatively been played up certain gap.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of three-dimensional remote rendering method based on the image transmission; be different from the based on network mode of playing up of tradition; the present invention will become the rendering result data from three-dimensional modeling data by the content of Network Transmission; view data just; and improve system response time and reduction system for the requirement of the network bandwidth by progressive transmission, multi-level buffer and at the means such as prediction of user interactions behavior, can guarantee the protection of high-precision three-dimensional model file copyright simultaneously.
A kind of three-dimensional remote rendering system based on the image transmission, comprise can be mutual server end and client, server end is provided with the model file administrative unit, the 3 d rendering engine unit, image coding and decoding compression unit and Network Transmission unit, client is provided with Network Transmission unit and user interaction unit, client sends browse request by the Network Transmission unit to server end, behind the server end reception request command, the model file of browsing by model file administrative unit reading requirement, play up the generation view data through the 3 d rendering engine unit, the view data that generates sends to client through the compression of image coding and decoding compression unit by the Network Transmission unit, client is decoded to compressing image data and is shown by user interface, the user interaction unit prediction, receive alternative events, send interactive request to server end.
Described image coding and decoding compression unit is provided with JPEG+LZO scrambler, JPEG+BZIP scrambler and JPEG2000 scrambler.
Described user interaction unit is provided with the user action fallout predictor.
The method of said system remote rendering 3-D view may further comprise the steps:
(1) the server end model file administrative unit model file that reads some is in advance deposited in the model file buffer memory;
(2) client sends the browse request order by the Network Transmission unit to server end, whether has corresponding document in server end reception, resolve command and the judgment models file cache, if having, then directly it is given the 3 d rendering engine unit; If do not have, then from model bank, read model file, the model data that will read in internal memory is then given the 3 d rendering engine unit;
(3) the 3 d rendering engine unit is played up the part of the model file that reads in advance and is generated view data and deposit in the view data buffer memory, whether the rendering result image of judging the viewpoint correspondence of request is present in the view data buffer memory, if have, then directly transmit these data to the image coding and decoding compression unit; If do not have, the model data that then adopts the model file administrative unit to read in is played up according to the view information that the user sends, and with the image data transmission that generates to the image coding and decoding compression unit;
(4) the image coding and decoding compression unit selects compression mechanism that the view data that receives is compressed, and selects corresponding transmission mode to give client with the image data transmission of compression by the Network Transmission unit;
(5) client shows by user interface after with the compressing image data decompress(ion) that receives;
(6) client is imported user action fallout predictor and user in the user interaction unit in conjunction with the user interactions incident that generates and is sent to server end by network communication unit, it is mutual fast to judge whether the user produces, if user interaction unit is used for showing by the low precision view data that the low accuracy model of playing up this locality obtains pilot process; If not or the user stop alternately, then again by sending the high precision image data presentation that alternative events are come the request server end, judge whether alternative events meet the historical viewpoint in the local view data buffer memory, if the view data of then directly calling local view data buffer memory shows and does not send interactive request; If not, then the user interactions event data is sent to server end, play up again by the 3 d rendering engine unit, generate the view data of viewpoint correspondence, compression is sent to the client decoding and displaying.
The compression mechanism of described image coding and decoding compression unit comprises JPEG+LZO, JPEG+BZIP, JPEG2000.
The compression mechanism of described Network Transmission unit correspondence image encoding and decoding compression unit is provided with conventional transmission mode and progressive transmission mode.
The present invention reaches the balance that high real-time and high precision are browsed by progressive transmission, multi-level buffer and at the means such as prediction of user interactions behavior, provide the rendering effect of rapid and convenient fineness to show to domestic consumer widely, solved under the internet environment of finite bandwidth, situation complexity most of users and can be quickly and easily check that by network the high-precision three-dimensional model shows that its beneficial effect mainly shows:
1, after view data was through rational compression, the client and server end needed data quantity transmitted more much smaller than complete three-dimensional model, and the real-time when using for the raising user has bigger help.
2, because client only need be played up two dimensional image, therefore require not highly for the computing power of subscription client, reduced the threshold of using system.As client, the system that makes has higher portability and versatility based on the Java Applet of browser in employing.
3, only images is very meaningful by the copyright protection that spends the valuable three-dimensional modeling data that a large amount of manpower and materials obtain for protection, has avoided user direct contact high precision model file, the leaking of the restricting data that system can be more initiatively.
4, lower bandwidth occupancy and hardware requirement make the mobile device of more and more popularizing at present become possibility as terminal, and this point is browsed the visit in field or the motion process convenience is provided.
5, the framework of whole remote rendering system is subdivision design, accomplishes the high cohesion unit in and the low coupling between the unit, and each Elementary Function is divided the work relatively independent.Can load and remove some functional unit easily in the system, have the configurability of height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of three-dimensional remote rendering system based on the image transmission, comprise can be mutual server end and client, server end is provided with model file administrative unit 2,3 d rendering engine unit 4, image coding and decoding compression unit 9 and Network Transmission unit 10.
Model file administrative unit 2, receive the user when browsing the request of certain part model in system, this unit is responsible for reading model deposit position information from database 1 and is read the three-dimensional model file then, the I/O operation that comprises owing to this unit is the bottleneck that improves system response time, and therefore reading also in advance in this unit employing, the mechanism of buffer memory department pattern file is optimized;
Resolve the model file that reads in internal memory and generate and can directly play up the contextual data of work 3 d rendering engine unit 4, at present the model file of the compatible VRML format standard of render engine.This unit asks information such as visual angle that the back browses according to the user and distance to play up the generation static image data receiving user that client sends.In order to improve system effectiveness, also the view data at some visual angle of user capture is carried out buffer memory and be convenient to repeated accesses.
Image coding and decoding compression unit 9, comprise JPEG+LZO scrambler 6, JPEG+BZIP scrambler 7 and JPEG2000 scrambler 8, each scrambler is corresponding JPEG+LZO respectively, JPEG+BZIP, the JPEG2000 compression mechanism, the image information that image coding and decoding compression unit 9 generates render engine is compressed to handle and is obtained being fit to the data layout of Network Transmission to send to client shows, select proper compression mechanism to carry out encoding and decoding as required, wherein preceding two kinds of compression mechanisms lay particular emphasis on the balance of encoding and decoding speed (having influence on system real time) and compressibility, and (LZO/BZIP has the lossless compress characteristic, although ratio of compression is not the highest, but the compression/decompression processes time is all very short), last a kind of compression mechanism is used for the progressive transmission pattern, and the quick demonstration of multiresolution can be provided to domestic consumer.Three kinds of compression mechanisms can change compressibility according to system's actual needs and be configured to get in return shorter network latency.
The data communication between server end and client in the system is responsible in Network Transmission unit 10, comprises the image information of user interactive data and demonstration.This unit need cooperate image compression unit to realize gradual image data transmission pattern, can transmit the flow data in this compression scheme.Has strategy according to the transmission of network delay and user interactions frequency determination data (order of data transmission and abandon transmission) simultaneously.
Client is provided with Network Transmission unit 11 and user interaction unit 14.
User interaction unit 14 will be finished decoded image data and show, the alternative events of monitoring users interactive modes such as (comprise translation, rotation, viewpoint) jumping, drag generate corresponding request msg and send to server end simultaneously.This unit also will be predicted and compensate and reduce system response time user interactions incident employing prediction algorithm, can predict and play up in advance the action after the user according to the access habits of user in a series of actions before the user even the historical record, compensate in the situation of prediction error according to it.This unit also is responsible in client the view data of the some of user capture being preserved re-treatment and the transmission of avoiding data as buffer memory to a certain extent.The caching mechanism of another kind of mode is to play up displaying by the low precision in this locality that the model in a low precision of client storage is used for user's quick acting (such as dragging) process, shows that data reduce the transmitted data on network amount thereby the request that sends when the user moves at a slow speed or stops to obtain high precision.
As shown in Figure 2, the system remote method of playing up 3-D view may further comprise the steps:
(1) server end model file administrative unit 2 model file that reads some is in advance deposited in the model file buffer memory 3;
(2) client sends the browse request order by Network Transmission unit 11 to server end, whether has corresponding document in server end reception, resolve command and the judgment models file cache 3, if having, then directly it is given 3 d rendering engine unit 4; If do not have, then from model bank 1, read model file, the model data that will read in internal memory is then given 3 d rendering engine unit 4;
(3) 3 d rendering engine unit 4 is played up the part of the model file that reads in advance and is generated view data and deposit in the view data buffer memory 5, whether the rendering result image of judging the viewpoint correspondence of request is present in the view data buffer memory 5, if have, then directly transmit these data to image coding and decoding compression unit 9; If do not have, the model data that then adopts model file administrative unit 2 to read in is played up according to the view information that the user sends, and with the image data transmission that generates to image coding and decoding compression unit 9;
(4) image coding and decoding compression unit 9 selects compression mechanism that the view data that receives is compressed, and selects corresponding transmission mode to give client with the image data transmission of compression by Network Transmission unit 10; Compression mechanism comprises the compression mechanism of JPEG+LZO, JPEG+BZIP and three kinds of different demands of correspondence of JPEG2000, jpeg format balance comparatively on compressibility and compression time, simultaneously because it is comparatively popular, client can utilize the JPEG decoding API in the J2SE standard to realize function comparatively easily, the LZO/BZIP algorithm has encoding and decoding speed faster, can improve simultaneously the compressibility of jpeg file, JPEG2000 can realize gradual transmission.
Corresponding three kinds of different compressors systems, the Network Transmission unit is provided with two kinds of different Network Transmission modes of conventional transmission mode and progressive transmission mode, wherein, the conventional transmission mode is responsible for transmitting the data of JPEG+LZO scrambler 6 and 7 generations of JPEG+BZIP scrambler, and the progressive transmission mode is responsible for transmitting the data that JPEG2000 scrambler 8 generates.
The view data that client network transmission unit 11 can utilize the partial data of receiving just can generate low resolution in the progressive transmission mode is used for the displaying of multiresolution (along with increasing that data arrive, it is clear that resolution becomes).The input parameter that the user interactions event data of receiving in the server end Network Transmission unit 10 can be used as 3 d rendering engine unit 4 is used to control the generation of view data.
(5) client shows by user interface after with the compressing image data decompress(ion) that receives;
(6) client is imported user action fallout predictor 12 and user in the user interaction unit 14 in conjunction with the user interactions incident that generates and is sent to server end by network communication unit 11, it is mutual fast to judge whether the user produces, if user interaction unit 14 is used for showing by the low precision view data that the low accuracy model of playing up this locality obtains pilot process; If not or the user stop alternately, then again by sending the high precision image data presentation that alternative events are come the request server end, judge whether alternative events meet the historical viewpoint in the local view data buffer memory 13, if the view data of then directly calling local view data buffer memory 13 shows and does not send interactive request; If not, then the user interactions event data is sent to server end, play up again by 3 d rendering engine unit 4, generate the view data of viewpoint correspondence, compression is sent to the client decoding and displaying.
Claims (6)
1. three-dimensional remote rendering system based on image transmission, it is characterized in that: comprise can be mutual server end and client, server end is provided with the model file administrative unit, the 3 d rendering engine unit, image coding and decoding compression unit and Network Transmission unit, client is provided with Network Transmission unit and user interaction unit, client sends browse request by the Network Transmission unit to server end, behind the server end reception request command, the model file of browsing by model file administrative unit reading requirement, play up the generation view data through the 3 d rendering engine unit, the view data that generates sends to client through the compression of image coding and decoding compression unit by the Network Transmission unit, client is decoded to compressing image data and is shown by user interface, the user interaction unit prediction, receive alternative events, send interactive request to server end.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described image coding and decoding compression unit is provided with JPEG+LZO scrambler, JPEG+BZIP scrambler and JPEG2000 scrambler.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described user interaction unit is provided with the user action fallout predictor.
One kind as claim 1-3 arbitrary as described in system remote play up the method for 3-D view, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) the server end model file administrative unit model file that reads some is in advance deposited in the model file buffer memory;
(2) client sends the browse request order by the Network Transmission unit to server end, whether has corresponding document in server end reception, resolve command and the judgment models file cache, if having, then directly it is given the 3 d rendering engine unit; If do not have, then from model bank, read model file, the model data that will read in internal memory is then given the 3 d rendering engine unit;
(3) the 3 d rendering engine unit is played up the part of the model file that reads in advance and is generated view data and deposit in the view data buffer memory, whether the rendering result image of judging the viewpoint correspondence of request is present in the view data buffer memory, if have, then directly transmit these data to the image coding and decoding compression unit; If do not have, the model data that then adopts the model file administrative unit to read in is played up according to the view information that the user sends, and with the image data transmission that generates to the image coding and decoding compression unit;
(4) the image coding and decoding compression unit selects compression mechanism that the view data that receives is compressed, and selects corresponding transmission mode to give client with the image data transmission of compression by the Network Transmission unit;
(5) client shows by user interface after with the compressing image data decompress(ion) that receives;
(6) client is imported user action fallout predictor and user in the user interaction unit in conjunction with the user interactions incident that generates and is sent to server end by network communication unit, it is mutual fast to judge whether the user produces, if user interaction unit is used for showing by the low precision view data that the low accuracy model of playing up this locality obtains pilot process; If not or the user stop alternately, then again by sending the high precision image data presentation that alternative events are come the request server end, judge whether alternative events meet the historical viewpoint in the local view data buffer memory, if the view data of then directly calling local view data buffer memory shows and does not send interactive request; If not, then the user interactions event data is sent to server end, play up again by the 3 d rendering engine unit, generate the view data of viewpoint correspondence, compression is sent to the client decoding and displaying.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the compression mechanism of described image coding and decoding compression unit comprises JPEG+LZO, JPEG+BZIP, JPEG2000.
6. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the compression mechanism of described Network Transmission unit correspondence image encoding and decoding compression unit is provided with conventional transmission mode and progressive transmission mode.
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2006
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