CN1844954A - Pulse discharge electrode - Google Patents
Pulse discharge electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN1844954A CN1844954A CN 200510011528 CN200510011528A CN1844954A CN 1844954 A CN1844954 A CN 1844954A CN 200510011528 CN200510011528 CN 200510011528 CN 200510011528 A CN200510011528 A CN 200510011528A CN 1844954 A CN1844954 A CN 1844954A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an impulse discharge electrode, which comprises a high-voltage electrode (1), a low-voltage electrode (2), an insulated sleeve (3), and a reflector (4). Wherein, said four parts both use coaxial structures; the high-voltage electrode (1) is a round rod, whose outer part is mounted with an insulated sleeve; the high-voltage electrode (1) and the insulated sleeve are connected by screw or fixed together; the outer left section of insulated sleeve is sheathed with a tube low-voltage electrode (2) while the right section is sheathed with a cylinder reflector (4) with central hole; the insulated sleeves have outer screws; the low-voltage electrode (2) and the central hole of cylinder reflector (4) have inner screws; the left end surface of cylinder reflector (4) is a inward concave semi-ellipsoid; the cylinder reflector (4) is connected to the insulated sleeve; the end of high-voltage electrode (1) is at the focus of semi-ellipsoid. The invention has simple structure, better discharge stability and repeated property, with long service life and high electric sound transform efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electro-acoustic conversion device, particularly the high pressure pulse discharge field converts electrical energy into the device of pulse acoustic energy.
Background technology
Electrohydraulic effect is a new subject that grows up nineteen fifties, by You Tejin (Л. А. Ю Т К И Н .) propose and at first be applied to aspects such as punching press, fragmentation and cast cleaning in " electrohydraulic effect " (Science Press, 1962).The general name of physical influences such as the heat that it produces when being the pulsed discharge of liquid medium mesohigh, light, power, acoustics, its physical essence is the high-speed transitions of energy, promptly electric energy is directly changed into other forms of energy such as heat, light, power, sound by discharge mode.
Electrohydraulic effect has a wide range of applications in many fields of national economy, as (Qin Cengyan etc.: " High Voltage pulsed discharge and application thereof " such as electrohydraulic forming, oil seismic exploration, extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL), liquid electricity sand removal and snakings, publishing house of Beijing University of Technology, 2000,12).In above-mentioned application, form tangible arc channel in the discharge process between the high-low pressure electrode, can produce powerful pulsed pressure wave.This discharge mode general work voltage higher (generally at 8-50kV), electrode distance less (between several millimeters-tens millimeters), electrode erosion speed is very fast, during especially for seismic prospecting, has only hundreds of the serviceable life of sparking electrode.Sparking electrode is coaxial form in the Chinese patent 85103629,15 kilovolts of operating voltage, sparking electrode is coaxial or coaxial to polar form in the patent 96249134,10 kilovolts of operating voltage, sparking electrode is a parallel construction in the Chinese patent 01233188,10 kilovolts of operating voltage, the high-low pressure interelectrode distance mostly is the 6-10 millimeter.Chinese patent 90110035,90101266,00204843 is the extra chock wave lithotriptor sparking electrode, and operating voltage is the 6-18 kilovolt, and electrode distance is several millimeters.Because above-mentioned applying charge is an arc discharge, thereby insulating material is ablated comparatively fast between electrode and electrode, the stability of influence discharge and the serviceable life of electrode.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the stable and repeated of discharge, the present invention proposes a kind of big gap discharge electrode.The present invention only forms discharge in the high-field electrode end, can under the low voltage grade, (below the 3kV) work, electrode distance big (more than the 100mm), can not form arc channel between the electrode, discharge stability and good reproducibility, solved the ablation problem of electrode and insulating material, prolonged electrode life.Interelectrode semielliptical reflecting body can make the present invention have higher electro-acoustic conversion efficiency.
The present invention includes four ingredients: high-field electrode, low-field electrode, insulating sleeve and reflecting body.Four parts adopt coaxial configuration, the outside insulating sleeve of installing of pole shape high-field electrode, between high-field electrode and the insulating sleeve with being threaded or being solidified into one with insulating sleeve, insulating sleeve external left section suit tubulose low-field electrode, right section suit is equipped with the cylindrical reflector of center pit.The outer cutting thread of insulating sleeve, cutting thread in low-field electrode and the cylindrical reflector center pit.Cylindrical reflector adopts insulating material to make, and its right side is the indent half ellipsoidal surface.Cylindrical reflector is connected with insulating sleeve.The high-field electrode end is positioned at the first focus place of half ellipsoidal surface.Electric energy is directly changed into other forms of energy such as heat, light, power, sound by discharge mode, the acousto-optic that sends at the first focus place converges after the half ellipsoidal surface reflection and focuses on the half ellipsoidal surface second focus place.Suppose that elliptical center is (0,0), major axis summit (a, 0), the minor axis summit (0, b), then its first focus is (c, 0),
First focus is a-c apart from the distance on major axis summit, and second focus is a+c apart from the distance on major axis summit, and bifocal is all on major axis.
The energy that is stored in the impulse capacitor is discharged in having the liquid medium of certain conductivity fast by discharge switch, sparking electrode, form powerful pulse, this effect is called " electrohydraulic effect ".The present invention places sparking electrode the liquid medium with certain conductivity, connect outer member and discharge switch, trigger discharge switch, the energy that is stored in the impulse capacitor just forms pulsed discharge by discharge switch in sparking electrode high-field electrode end, the shock wave that discharge forms produces after by cylindrical reflector and converges, obtain higher pressure pulse at the second focus place, have higher electro-acoustic conversion efficiency.
The conductivity of liquid medium of the present invention is higher, generally in tens to tens milli west/centimetre.Cone structure can be adopted in the high-field electrode end that contacts with liquid medium, to improve the field intensity of high-field electrode end.The interelectrode distance of high-low pressure is generally greater than 50 millimeters, and (high field intensity district) formed the localized hyperthermia high-pressure area in the high-field electrode end in the discharge back, and current density is also higher, bigger electrode distance, make this zone can not be communicated with two electrodes, do not puncture, form arc discharge.
Good effect of the present invention is:
1. high-field electrode and low tension anode-cathode distance are long, and discharge only takes place in the high-field electrode end, can not form the arc discharge that runs through two electrodes.
2. electrode structure is simple, long service life, discharge stability and good reproducibility.
3. reflecting body as discharge back acoustic energy converging device, makes sparking electrode have high conversion rate again both as two interelectrode insulation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a pulse discharge electrode structural representation of the present invention, among the figure: 1 high-field electrode, 2 low-field electrodes, 3 insulating sleeves, 4 reflecting bodys.
Fig. 2 is a reflector structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.5 semielliptical reflectings surface, 17 first focuses, 16 second focuses.
Fig. 3 is a principle of work synoptic diagram of the present invention.Among the figure: 6 high-voltage DC power supplies, 7 impulse capacitors, 8 discharge switches, 9 trigger circuit, 10 liquid mediums.
Fig. 4 is the trigger circuit schematic diagram, 11 diodes, 12 current-limiting resistances, 13 ignition capacitors, 14 switches, 15 pulse transformers.
Embodiment
Describe content of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1: the present invention includes high-field electrode 1, low-field electrode 2, insulating sleeve 3 and reflecting body 4.High-field electrode 1 adopts metal material, and for example stainless steel or copper become, and insulating sleeve 3 is equipped with in its outside.Insulating sleeve 3 employing insulating material for example epoxy are made.With being threaded or being solidified into one with insulating sleeve 3, insulating sleeve 3 outside left ends are installed low-field electrodes 2 between high-field electrode 1 and the insulating sleeve 3.Low-field electrode 2 adopts metal material, and for example stainless-steel tube or copper pipe are made, and right-hand member is installed reflecting body 4, insulating sleeve 3 outer cutting threads, cutting thread in low-field electrode 2 and reflecting body 4 center pits.Reflecting body 4 adopts insulating material for example epoxy or teflon, and an end is the indent half ellipsoidal surface, and reflecting body 4 is connected with insulating sleeve 3, and the end of high-field electrode 1 is positioned at the first focus place 17 of half ellipsoidal surface reflecting body 4.
Fig. 2 is a reflector structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.Reflecting body 4 is made by insulating material, and profile is a right cylinder.There is endoporus at the center.One end is processed into the indent half ellipsoidal surface, and center pit is processed with internal thread, is connected with the external thread of insulating sleeve 3.17 is first focus, and 16 is second focus.
Fig. 4 is a trigger circuit schematic diagram of the present invention, forms trigger circuit of the present invention by diode 11, current-limiting resistance 12, ignition capacitor 13, pushbutton switch 14 and pulse transformer 15.Diode 11 1 termination powers, another termination current-limiting resistance 12, the other end of current-limiting resistance 12 links to each other with an end of ignition capacitor 13 and pushbutton switch 14 simultaneously, one end of another termination pulse transformer 15 of pushbutton switch 14, the other end of pulse transformer 15 and the other end of receiving power supply after the other end of ignition capacitor 13 links to each other.Exchange 220 volts of power supplys behind diode 11, current-limiting resistance 12 at the direct current that can obtain on the ignition capacitor 13 about 270 volts, this direct current is by 15 discharges of pushbutton switch 14 pulse transformer, can obtain high voltage pulse about 25 kilovolts at the secondary of pulse transformer 15, this pulse is removed to trigger discharge switch 8 and is made its conducting.
The high-field electrode 1 of the specific embodiment of the invention is become by stainless steel or copper, diameter 1-3 millimeter, and insulating sleeve 3 is made by the insulating material epoxy, 2 millimeters of wall thickness.Low-field electrode 2 is made by stainless-steel tube or copper pipe, internal diameter 5-7 millimeter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, long 300 millimeters of electrode.When discharge energy less than 100 joules, sparking voltage 1-3 kilovolt, but liquid electric conductivity greater than 15 milli west/centimetre the time long-term stable operation, the impulse of pressure wave width of generation is less than 10 microseconds.
The course of work of the present invention places the liquid medium 10 with certain conductivity with pulse discharge electrode as shown in Figure 3, and high-field electrode 1 only discharge end parts contacts with liquid.High-field electrode 1 links to each other with discharge switch 8, and low-field electrode 2 links to each other with impulse capacitor 7, and high-voltage DC power supply 6 gives impulse capacitor 7 chargings.After being charged to the 2-3 kilovolt, provide trigger pulse by trigger circuit 9, trigger discharge switch 8 conductings, the energy that is stored in the impulse capacitor 7 just passes through discharge switch 8, end at sparking electrode high-field electrode 1 forms pulsed discharge, is directly changed into other forms of energy such as heat, light, power, sound.The acousto-optic that sends at half ellipsoidal surface first focus 17 places, remittance focuses on half ellipsoidal surface second focus 16 places after the half ellipsoidal surface reflection of reflecting body 4, obtains higher pressure pulse.Electro-acoustic conversion efficiency can improve 3-5 doubly.
The present invention need to can be applicable to pulsed sound to explore place with Non-Destructive Testing.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of pulse discharge electrode, comprise high-field electrode [1], low-field electrode [2], insulating sleeve [3] and reflecting body [4] is characterized in that: high-field electrode [1], low-field electrode [2], insulating sleeve [3] and reflecting body [4] four parts adopt coaxial configuration, high-field electrode [1] is the pole shape, between the outside insulating sleeve of installing, high-field electrode [1] and insulating sleeve [3] with being threaded or being solidified into one with insulating sleeve; Insulating sleeve [3] external left section suit tubulose low-field electrode [2], right section is set with the cylindrical reflector [4] of center pit; Cutting thread in the outer cutting thread of insulating sleeve [3], low-field electrode [2] and cylindrical reflector [4] center pit; The right side of cylindrical reflector [4] is the indent half ellipsoidal surface; Cylindrical reflector [4] is connected with insulating sleeve [3]; High-field electrode [1] end is positioned at first focus [17] of half ellipsoidal surface and locates; End at high-field electrode [1] forms pulsed discharge, focuses on half ellipsoidal surface second focus [16] in acousto-optic remittance after the half ellipsoidal surface reflection of reflecting body [4] that first focus [17] is located to send and locates.
2, pulse discharge electrode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: first, second focus of said half ellipsoidal surface [17 and 16] is so determined: suppose that elliptical center is (0,0), major axis summit (a, 0), and the minor axis summit (0,6b), then its first focus is (c, 0)
First focus is a-c apart from the distance on major axis summit, and second focus is a+c apart from the distance on major axis summit.
3, pulse discharge electrode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said cylindrical reflector [4] is made with insulating material, and cone structure can be adopted in the end.
4, pulse discharge electrode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance between said high-field electrode [1] and low-field electrode [2] is generally greater than 50 millimeters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510011528 CN1844954A (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | Pulse discharge electrode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510011528 CN1844954A (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | Pulse discharge electrode |
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| CN1844954A true CN1844954A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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| CN 200510011528 Pending CN1844954A (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | Pulse discharge electrode |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221247B (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2011-07-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Discharge electrode |
| CN103134391A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-06-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High frequency multi-pulse detonation initiation igniter |
| CN103236649A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-08-07 | 西北工业大学 | Preparation method of discharge electrode high-strength insulation structure |
| CN105676293A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Plasma epicenter emission array based on micropore electrode structure |
| CN105911583A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-31 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Piston type transduction electrode |
-
2005
- 2005-04-06 CN CN 200510011528 patent/CN1844954A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221247B (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2011-07-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Discharge electrode |
| CN103134391A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-06-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High frequency multi-pulse detonation initiation igniter |
| CN103236649A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-08-07 | 西北工业大学 | Preparation method of discharge electrode high-strength insulation structure |
| CN105676293A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Plasma epicenter emission array based on micropore electrode structure |
| CN105911583A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-31 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Piston type transduction electrode |
| CN105911583B (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2018-01-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of piston type transducing electrode |
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Open date: 20061011 |