CN1843960A - High-efficiency energy-saving water purification process and apparatus - Google Patents
High-efficiency energy-saving water purification process and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1843960A CN1843960A CNA2006100261168A CN200610026116A CN1843960A CN 1843960 A CN1843960 A CN 1843960A CN A2006100261168 A CNA2006100261168 A CN A2006100261168A CN 200610026116 A CN200610026116 A CN 200610026116A CN 1843960 A CN1843960 A CN 1843960A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technique field of water disposal, in particular relates to a process and an apparatus of feedwater treatment, effluent treatment or water purification. The purification process comprises the following steps: getting water with one-level diving pump, by coagulant and highly effective mixing reaction apparatus, reacting in mesh highly effective volume flocculation system with air-float function, then adding the water in a contact flocculation bed for filtering and in inclined-tube for depositing, then filtering the water in graded deep-bed with water in its bottom, then exhausting water and sanitizing with sterilization device, lodging water in a clear-water basin, finally pumping water with one-level diving pump into feed pipe net. Wherein the procedures such as flocculation system with air-float function, contact flocculation bed, inclined-tube deposition, are finished in a highly effective clarifier tank, and graded deep-bed filtration and water-distribution apparatus are carried out in a gravity graded filter tank. Compared with traditional process, the process has the following merits: small accommodation area and investment, good water quality in yielding water, it is convient to realize automatic control of water plant, so maintenance cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-treatment technology field, be specifically related to a kind of technology and device of handling for water treatment, sewage disposal or purification of water quality.The dynamic inertia effect of the abundant applicating fluid of technology of the present invention; in flocculation process, form the conversion of gesture, kinetic energy; and form highly effective reaction, flocculation zone; and with solid particulate activation adsorption adhesion theoretical and shallow pool principle is guidance; in system, form efficient adsorption zone and solid-liquid displacement zone; flow into all grain filter tanks of efficient gravity through the work in-process water behind the flocculate and clarify, through behind the deep-bed filtration, effluent quality is less than 1NTU.
This technology not only plays the removal effect to opacity in the water and colourity, and the organism in the water and algae had remove function preferably, be applicable to fields such as cities and towns tap water, industrial water supply, middle water reuse and waste water recycling advanced treatment, be specially adapted to raw water turbidity 10～3000mg/L, sediment concentration 0.01～1.00kg/m3, and rich algae high luminance relay water quality is as the middle samll cities and towns clean water treatment of tap water.
Background technology
Along with high development of social economy, living standards of the people improve constantly, and the town and country water consumption increases gradually.Yet,, influence the water supply security of tap water owing to a large amount of dischargings of industrial and agricultural wastewater cause the little pollution situation of drinking water source water quality to be on the rise.At above-mentioned situation, the water quality standard for drinking water that various countries formulate is also strict day by day.In order to guarantee people's health, build a Harmonious Society, China also has higher requirement to the town and country water supply quality.Thereby, further improve the town and country water supply quality, strengthen emphasis and focus that water quality safety production has become current water treatment field research both at home and abroad.
Over nearly more than 100 years, the treatment process of water factory is coagulating sedimentation, filtration and sterilization basically.But, promoted technological design and handled the variation of structures form because of giving improving constantly and developing of water theory.The urban water demand that the deterioration of source quality and people are growing objectively requires traditional water supply process is carried out innovating reform, perhaps original technology is carried out advanced treatment, to satisfy the requirement of people to water supply quality.
The water intake engineering of the surface water in the waterworks, cities and towns, is the difficult problem that investment is big, reliability is difficult to guarantee always.Along with the silt of dashing in the riverbank transition of rivers and lakes and riverbed, make the planner often because the hydrology and rivers and creeks hydrogeology are judged not clearly, cause the waste of investment.For this reason, people have to drop into a large amount of fund and material on water intake engineering for many years, to guarantee safe and reliable water supply.Therefore, be necessary to reform mentality of designing, in the input that reduces water intake engineering, strengthen the security of water intaking.
Utilize the contact flocculation principle to remove the settling pond of suspended substance in the water, just begin in the world to use, become one of main precipitation means in water factory's design so far as far back as the thirties in 20th century.China begins to adopt settling pond from early 1960s.Because the settling pond simple structure, invest for a short time, need not complicated electromechanical equipment, thereby in China, use extensive in the water factory of samll cities and towns.But there is following problem in this pond type: reaction chamber volume is little, reaction times is short, the body refuse quantity of reflux is difficult to control, make the contact of backflow body refuse, throwing out performance be affected, deposition efficiency is low in addition, thereby poor processing effect, it is limited to handle the water yield, can not adapt to the increase of cities and towns water requirement and the needs that water quality standard improves.
The filter tank is that solid-liquid separates in the handling technology of water supply, removes the critical stage of suspended particle, mainly removes particle diameter 1～2 μ m with interior impurity particle.What siphon filter and valveless filtering pool adopted is varying head constant rate filtration mode, simple in structure because of it, convenient management, working stability is reliable, can move automatically, do not need special-purpose washing equipment, can not occur advantages such as negative head in the filtration procedure in the filtering layer, in the medium and small water factory of China, obtained using widely.Filtering layer is the core of filtration process, and it is the whether good key of filter effect that filtering layer constitutes, and the individual layer quartz sand filter media is adopted in above-mentioned filter tank more, exists particle diameter of filter medium thin partially, uniformity ratio K
80Bigger than normal, shortcoming such as the filter tank work period is short, and sand is easily run in back flushing, and the filter tank water production rate is low.Adopt double-layer filter material or multilayer filtrate can improve holding filth capacity and filtering velocity, but have the back flushing difficulty, mix shortcomings such as layer easily.Wherein more in use there is the water inlet system complexity in valveless filtering pool, and the easy gas enclosure of water inlet process and influencing filters and shortcomings such as back flushing.Novel V-type filter tank has characteristics such as effluent quality is good, and filtration cycle is long, but exists automatic control complexity, shortcomings such as the maintenance cost height of equipment, thereby be difficult in middle-size and small-size water factory, apply.
The feedwater workers are at above-mentioned situation, respectively siphon filter and gravity valveless filter are improved, adopt individual layer all grain quartz sand filter media, improvement small resistance water wiring system and gas and water separator measures such as (gravity valveless filters), obtained effect preferably.But above-mentioned improvement requires further improvement the characteristic of filtering layer, to improve the aquifer yield in filter tank, improves the effluent quality in filter tank.
Country " 95 " key research projects have been classified in the automatic monitoring and the control of water factory's production technique as.Usually, the water plant automatic control system, should comprise the optimal control of coagulant charging quantity for water purification technology, the automatic mud removing control of settling pond (settling tank), the automatic water inlet in filter tank and back flushing control, compositions such as the constant pressure water supply control of two stage pump and the collection of water factory's operating parameter and feedback system, but the present equal more complicated of said system, and there is control to the structures operating parameter---need magnetic valve (or pneumavalve, fluid-valve) switch motion of valve such as, Be Controlled terminal accident rate height, thereby the maintenance expense of system is higher, and the serviceability of water factory is poor, thereby can not adapt to the needs of middle-size and small-size cities and towns water plant automation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-efficiency energy-saving water purification process and device thereof, with solve traditional coagulating sedimentation (clarification), filtered water treatment process floor space is big, unit water outlet cost height is to problems such as the low and automatic control complexity of organism processing power.
Technical scheme of the present invention is not to simplify technical process, but utilizes system optimization and the combination to each operation of systems engineering and value engineering.
The water-purifying process that the present invention proposes, mainly comprise following operation: one-level submersible pump water intake system a water intaking, by automatic optimal amount dosing coagulant and high efficient mixed reaction unit b, the efficient volume flocculation c of system of mesh that enters band air supporting function carries out flocculation reaction, the contact flocculation layer d that enters high volumetric concentration body refuse again filters and inclined tube e precipitation, the dark bed of the equal grain f that enters the bottom water distribution filters, water outlet is through the sterilization viral device g disinfection of going out, the clean water basin h that enters band thimerosal mixing tank again deposits, and by secondary submersible pump waterworks j water is pumped into water supply network k then; Wherein, filtration, inclined tube e precipitation operation among flocculation reaction among the efficient volume flocculation c of system of mesh of band air supporting function, the contact flocculation layer d of high volumetric concentration body refuse are finished in the efficient settling pond M of specific equipment, all the dark bed of grain f filtration and water-distributing device thereof are all realized in the grain filter tank N at the efficient gravity of specific equipment, as shown in Figure 1.
Technical process of the present invention is: by one-level submersible pump water intaking, behind the automatic optimal amount dosing coagulant, enter efficient settling pond M, through the grid flocculation reaction, slime layer is filtered and tube settling, with muddy water separations of drifting along, formation work in-process water; Enter the equal grain of an efficient gravity filter tank N then and carry out deep-bed filtration; After the filtration, water outlet sterile-processed (sterilization is adopted high-pure chlorinedioxide as sterilizing agent), water turbidity injects clear-water reservoir less than 1NTU; Use the secondary submersible pump according to the requirement of user again, constant-pressure variable water is sent into the distribution system of water supply the water yield.The deslagging of structures starts siphonic system by automatic control system timely and appropriately and discharges automatically outside the pond and need not valve event.
Corresponding to above-mentioned water-purifying process, device of the present invention is made up of following part: the automatic throwing device b of coagulating agent, one-level submersible pump water intake system a, efficient settling pond M, efficient gravity equal grain filter tank N and secondary submersible pump waterworks j are connected to form by pipeline successively.The frequency conversion of I and II submersible pump, clean water basin water level and rising pipe pressure closed loop interlock mode are adopted in system's operation, can reduce the clean water basin regulating pondage and the residence time of finished product water in water factory.All built the sealing building in grain top, filter tank at efficient settling pond and efficient gravity, reducing environmental contaminants to handling the influence of back water quality recontaminate, and played winter protection and prevent effects such as algae that the light radiation of the sun causes grows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a water supply purification process motion pattern of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that one-level pump and two stage pump link and each integral part closed loop is controlled synoptic diagram automatically.
The efficient settling pond M of Fig. 3 synoptic diagram.
The efficient gravity of Fig. 4 is grain filter tank N synoptic diagram all.
Number in the figure: a is an one-level submersible pump water intake system, b is automatic dosing coagulant and mixing device, c is the mesh volume flocculation system of gradually varied flow pipe reaction and band air supporting function, d is a water conservancy diversion water distribution body refuse contact flocculation layer, and e is an inclined tube, and f is the dark bed of equal grain of bottom water distribution, g is the sterilization viral device that goes out, h is the clean water basin of band thimerosal mixing tank, and j is a secondary submersible pump waterworks, and k is a water supply network; R is the ductwork pressure meter, and p1 is the frequency-changing control system of one-level pump, and o is an automatic regulating valve, and p2 is the frequency conversion system of two stage pump, and q is the liquid level instrument; The 1st, volume flocculation chamber, the 2nd, mesh disturbing flow device, the 3rd, active sludge suspended layer, the 4th, inclined tube (being e), the 5th, water gathering system, the 6th, spoil disposal chamber, bottom, the 7th, the concentration compartments, the 8th, gradient tube, the 9th, scum pipe, the 10th, sealing building, the 11st, the preliminary sedimentation chamber, the 12nd, the volume flocculation chamber, the 13rd, ash pit, the 14th, force rising pipe; The 15th, advance the water siphon pipe, the 16th, vertical shaft distributing flue, the 17th, cruciform overflow weir braiding channel, the 18th, equal grain filtrate, the 19th, supporting layer, the 20th, small resistance water wiring system, the 21st, the water distribution space, the 22nd, filtered water tank, the 23rd, the total canal of water outlet, the 24th, siphon pipe, the 25th, dividing plate, 26, the 27th, the auxiliary siphon tube system, the 28th, be communicated with canal, the 29th, braiding channel.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described in detail.
1, water intake system and waterworks
Water intake system and waterworks all adopt submersible pump.It is little that submersible pump has a volume, compact construction, and the efficient height, energy-saving effect is remarkable, engineering repair worksization, start and stop need not valve, can multi-functional automatic controls, and have automatic safety device, many pumps use can standby each other automatic switchover, thereby has unique effects.
In this technology, the closed autocontrol mode of associating that adopts when one-level submersible pump water intake system a and secondary submersible pump waterworks j operation, specifically be achieved in that as shown in Figure 2, the service discharge of two stage pump is by measuring ductwork pressure r, pass the signal to the frequency conversion system p2 of two stage pump, two stage pump is realized that program frequency-changing pressure stabilizing variable supplies water, i.e. ductwork pressure r constant (can set) makes fitting between the water-supply quantity of grade pump and the user's water yield.The variation of two stage pump service discharge causes the water level of clean water basin h to change, this variation is measured by the liquid level instrument q of clean water basin, signal is sent to the frequency-changing control system p1 of one-level pump, frequency conversion and automatic regulating valve o coordination flooding quantity by the one-level pump replenish in good time, thereby regulate the capacity of clear-water reservoir h in the water purification plant, increase the reliability and the security of supplying water.
The beneficial effect that this coordinated operation Controlling System is reached is: reduced the residence time of purifying waste water in water factory, increased the reliability and the security of supplying water.
2, efficient settling pond
Efficient settling pond M is made up of volume flocculation chamber 1 and 12, mesh disturbing flow device 2, active sludge suspended layer 3, inclined tube 4, water gathering system 5, spoil disposal chamber, bottom 6, concentration compartments 7, gradient tube 8, scum pipe 9, preliminary sedimentation chamber 11, ash pit 13, siphon pipe 24 and sealing building 10, as shown in Figure 3; Wherein volume flocculation chamber 1 and 12 is positioned at middle part, settling pond ground, and mesh disturbing flow device 2 is arranged in volume flocculation chamber 1 and 12, and mesh by-pass means 2 is divided into three sections, and every section is 2～6 layers.1 bottom, volume flocculation chamber is preliminary sedimentation chamber 11; Gradient tube 8 is arranged on the settling pond downside, is communicated with preliminary sedimentation chamber 11; Active sludge suspended layer 3 is around the volume flocculation outside, and scum pipe 9 evenly is arranged in the active sludge suspended layer 3, and quantity is 4～12; The top of active sludge suspended layer 3 is provided with inclined tube 4, and the below is provided with concentration compartments 7; It above inclined tube 4 water gathering system 5; The bottom of settling pond is spoil disposal chamber 6, in the settling pond arranged outside siphon pipe 24 is arranged, and is communicated with spoil disposal chamber 6 by pipeline; Around the top of volume flocculation chamber, be provided with ash pit 13.
When former water after dispensing adds coagulating agent, high-speed mixing is even in the vortex street mixing tank, enter gradually varied flow waterpower state and finish colloidal and take off surely, and enter preliminary sedimentation chamber 11 in the settling pond from the settling pond bottom through gradient tube 8, the flow rate of water flow in the pipe is controlled to be 0.1～0.3m/s by 0.6～1.3m/s gradual change; In preliminary sedimentation chamber 11, oarse-grained silt generation sedimentation; Current enter efficient volume mesh flocculating chamber 1 and 12 after cushioning, ascending current is behind mesh disturbing flow device 2, the inertial effect of changing because of action potential produces the microvovtex whirlpool, probability of collision between the particle is increased, the initiating particle generation volume flocculation that further forms behind the elimination of colloid stability, and form the flocculation particle through thixotroping repeatedly and be referred to as secondary particle; And the microbubble that gas dissolved water and the effect of one-level pump cavitation produce produces the air supporting effect because of decompression to partial organic substances in the water and part algae, makes alumen ustum, organism and the part algae etc. that are lighter than water proportion remove by air supporting; The scum silica frost that air supporting produces is collected back discharging in good time by top periphery ash pit 13 under the radiation current promote.
Mesh by-pass means 2 in volume flocculation chamber 1 and 12 is divided into three sections, flocculation requires to be set to different mesh and spacing to every section mesh layer according to initiating particle, flow velocity is controlled to be 0.05 ~ 0.40m/s in the mesh, the indoor upflow velocity of volume flocculation is controlled to be 0.02 ~ 0.15m/s, and the ratio of the flow velocity that flow velocity in the mesh and volume flocculation are indoor is controlled to be 1: 2～between 1: 8; The water body that has secondary particle enters in the high volumetric concentration active sludge suspension zone 3 equably by the waterpower flow, further comes in contact flocculation, grows into the flco of certain particle size, and a part sedimentation takes place concentrates, and enters the concentration compartments by the water conservancy diversion scum pipe; A part is along with current are rising, therebetween with under the friction and extruding turning effort of the downslide active sludge after the inclined tube mud-water separation in pump around circuit up and down, form the active caking flocculation spheroid of densification, and partial organic substances and trace toxic heavy metal element in the continuous planar water, when the negative area of inclined tube 4, because the proportion of flco increases, muddy water is well separated, and the work in-process clear water enters the catchment area and enter the filter tank by total canal that catchments after water gathering system 5 is collected.And body refuse divides three parts to get rid of: a. volume flocculation chamber 1 bottom silt particle bucket silt preliminary sedimentation, get rid of in good time; B. the top scum silica frost is got rid of by ash pit 13 in good time; C. the unnecessary body refuse in the top of body refuse suspension zone 3, under the effect of forcing water outlet, enter concentration compartments's 7 precipitations by scum pipe 9, discharged outside the pond by siphon pipe by settling pond bottom sludge discharging area 6, the eliminating of these three kinds of body refuses is patrolled and examined body refuse concentration interface control row instrument control timely and appropriate discovery by computer and is got rid of automatically again; Scum pipe 9 is evenly distributed in the active sludge suspended layer 3, and quantity is 4～12; The gradient of concentration compartments 7 and horizontal angular range are beneficial to the downslide sedimentation of mud between 30 ~ 65 degree, be equipped with in it to force rising pipe 14 supernatant water in the concentration compartments 7 can be imported the water production rate that water gathering system increases system.Above-mentioned working procedure systems has been guaranteed the settling pond effluent quality, and has realized the full-automatic normal operation of system.
For reducing of the influence of extraneous weather conditions to water quality, have sealing building 10 on settling pond top, reducing environmental contaminants to handling the influence of back water quality recontaminate, and play winter protection and prevent effects such as algae that the light radiation of the sun causes grows.
Compare with conventional water conservancy Circulation clarifying pool, this efficient settling pond has following characteristics:
(1) at the import and export of water, current are along the uniformly distributing of settling pond cross section;
(2) compare with original circulatior clarifier, adopted large-diameter pipe directly to intake from the settling pond bottom, the flow rate of water flow in the water inlet gradient tube fades to 0.1～0.3m/s by 0.6～1.3m/s, has saved the head loss of spray jet 5～7m;
(3) microbubble of gas dissolved water and the effect of one-level pump cavitation generation makes alumen ustum, organism and the part algae etc. that are lighter than water proportion remove by air supporting because of decompression produces the air supporting effect to partial organic substances in the water and part algae;
(4) particle of contact medium has the enough settling velocity and the surface-area of stretching, extension because form best geometrical dimension and density through the mesh flocculation, has prevented the finely divided and peptization of suspended substance; The slime layer that forms has adsorptivity and adhesive activity, can remove partial organic substances and trace toxic heavy metal effectively;
(5) be provided with the body refuse concentration compartments, the body refuse of generation obtains concentrating to greatest extent, and superfluous suspended substance is got rid of equably along the cross section of settling pond effectively, and can carry out automatic or manual to it and regulate;
(6) have sealing building 10 on efficient settling pond top, with isolated or reduce the influence of external environment to water treatment procedure.
3, the equal grain of efficient gravity filter tank
Efficient gravity all grain filter tank compiles the upper, middle and lower-ranking combination structures that system forms by water distribution system, screening system, clear water, it has the characteristics and the advantage of rapid filters such as siphon filter, valveless filtering pool, V-type filter tank, simultaneously, the water distribution in filter tank and structure are unique.Specifically, efficient gravity all is made up of catchment area 29, water inlet siphon pipe 15, vertical shaft distributing flue 16, cruciform overflow weir braiding channel 17, equal grain filtrate 18, supporting layer 19, small resistance water wiring system 20, water distribution space 21, filtered water tank 22, the total canal 23 of water outlet, siphon pipe 24, dividing plate 25 and auxiliary siphon tube system 26,27 in the grain filter tank.Its structure as shown in Figure 4.Wherein catchment area 29 is at the filter tank upper area, and siphon pipe 15 1 ends feed catchment area 29, and the other end feeds vertical shaft distributing flue 16; The upper end of vertical shaft distributing flue 16 lower ends and umbrella shape dividing plate 25 is connected as a single entity, cruciform overflow weir braiding channel 17 is located at the umbrella shape dividing plate 25 times, the below of equal grain filtrate 18 braiding channels 17, above supporting layer 19, the below of supporting layer 19 is small resistance water wiring systems 20, and small resistance water wiring system 20 belows are water distribution spaces 21; Filtered water tank 22 is communicated with by being communicated with canal 28 with water distribution space 21, and the total canal 23 of water outlet is positioned at the filtered water tank 22 of dividing plate 25 tops, and an end of siphon pipe 24 feeds " ten " word center of cruciform overflow weir braiding channel 17 in the umbrella shape dividing plate 25; Auxiliary siphon tube system 26 links to each other with siphon pipe 15, and auxiliary siphon tube system 27 links to each other with siphon pipe 24.Its workflow is as follows: former water is by after efficiently clarifying, residual turbidity in its water below 10mg/L (generally 3～5NTU), the size of flocs unit generally is not more than 40～60 μ m, is entered the vertical shaft distributing flue 16 in filter tank by water inlet siphon pipe 15 by braiding channel 29; Body middle part, pond, filter tank is divided into two parts up and down by dividing plate 25 with the pond body, and the bottom is a filtered water section, and top is clear water zone, and the zone, top and the bottom links to each other by vertical shaft distributing flue 16 and connection canal 28; Water inlet enters dividing plate 25 bottom filtration zones by vertical shaft distributing flue 16, from top to bottom by equal grain filtrate 18, filtered water enters filtered water tank 22 through supporting layer 19, small resistance water wiring system 20 and water distribution space 21 through being communicated with canal 28, and drains into clear-water reservoir through the total canal 23 of water outlet.Be provided with the braiding channel 17 of cruciform control overflow in dividing plate 25 bottoms.When being in backwashing period, because of increasing, filtration resistance makes that water levels raise in the vertical shaft distributing flue 16, siphon pipe 24 is to form big siphon under 27 the effect at auxiliary siphon tube, and cross braiding channel 17 is produced suction functions; Cleaning filtrate in the high-order filtered water tank 22 by be communicated with canal 28 through water distribution space 21, small resistance water wiring system 20 and supporting layer 19 enter equal grain quartz sand filtering layer and carry out back flushing, make filtrate be suspension and clean sand grains, its elutive power of back washing strength design assurance can be removed mud and keep sand surface filter membrane, backwashing water constantly flows into cruciform overflow braiding channel 17, is discharged outside the pond by the big siphon pipe 24 that gos deep in the canal.Water level in the vertical shaft distributing flue 16 reduces because of big siphon suction, and water inlet siphon pipe 15 stops into water under the effect of auxiliary siphon tube system 26, thereby has guaranteed the washed-out sand effect, has saved water resources again, has reduced discharged waste water.
The combination of filtering unit is according to being divided into two lattice, four lattice or many lattice on the spot, and shape can be divided into rectangle or square.Every filter grid forms and independently filters and wash the unit, adopts low water head self to supply with filter back water during flushing.The filtrate 18 in filter tank is equal grain filtrate, and its particle diameter is 0.8 ~ 1.2mm, and nonuniformity coefficient K80 is 1.1 ~ 1.4, and the filtrate voidage is (50 ± 1) %; Filtrate 18 highly is 1.0 ~ 1.5m, and water distribution system 20 adopts the slight drag form.Clear water after each filter grid is filtered enters water tank 22 on the dividing plate by being communicated with canal 28, water tank is located at filtering layer top (being isolated by plate) to guarantee enough flushing heads, the flooding quantity in its each lattice filter tank is by little siphon of water inlet and flow measurement weir control, back flushing by the control of the quantifier in the water tank, all is the siphoning hydraulic automatic control then.The filter tank work period is for this reason: (1) water inlet is filtered; (2) back flushing begins to stop into water filtration; (3) back flushing stops, and water inlet is filtered.Cycle has kept non-stop run in order.
Efficient gravity all has the following advantages in the grain filter tank:
(1) adopted the top and the bottom of vertical shaft distributing flue and dividing plate to form two portions, thoroughly improved the disadvantage of traditional gravity valveless filter tank water inlet gas enclosure, and had good water distribution hydraulics;
(2) siphon is all adopted in water inlet and back flushing, and both stop into water by the control of waterpower program function in backwash process, guaranteed that the useful effect of back flushing has reduced discharged waste water again, have saved the water source;
(3) backwash waste is collected by cross weir flow water leg, makes the uniformly distributing of backwash planar strength, and the effect of back flushing is fully guaranteed;
(4) adopted all grain filtrates of dark bed, had bigger voidage and good filtration hydraulics and contain dirty ability;
(5) compact construction, cost is low, and the specific yield less investment moves self hydraulics function automatic control, and is convenient and simple.
4, sterilization, clean water basin and secondary submersible pump waterworks
(1) the sterilization viral facility that goes out
The physical and chemical index of filter back water is up to standard, but still has bacterium and virus in the water, needs further sterilization.At present many with liquid chlorine as disinfectant, but produce more by product, unfavorable to HUMAN HEALTH, for this reason, this process using high-pure chlorinedioxide sterilization virus of going out is to improve the microbial safety and the materialization security of drinking-water.The composition of equipment supplies the medicine metering system mainly by the drug storage system, reactive system, and the blended absorbent system, automation control system and security protection system are formed, and it adds a little is located at clean water basin, the ingress of filter back water.
(2) clean water basin
Main plaing a part stores certain water and regulating pondage, and satisfies sterilizing agent and sterilize the needed residence time.For this reason, this process using I and II submersible pump coordinated operation, the volume in pond is greatly optimized.In this technology, for satisfying the requirement of thimerosal disinfectant, mixing tank a little is set adding, make thimerosal and filter back water thorough mixing, guarantee after thimerosal and the filter that water contacts effectively and not volatilized.
(3) the secondary submersible pump supplies water
The secondary submersible pump is to send into pipe network with handling the qualified water in back with the pressure and the water yield that the user needs.In order to adapt to the variation requirement of the water yield, adopt the speed control by frequency variation operation, and implement interlock with the one-level submersible pump.The frequency conversion scope of secondary submersible pump is controlled between 0.6～0.9 in this technology, ac motor speed control by variable frequency VVVF adopts the wide synthetic computer control system of microcomputer control sinusoidal wave pulse, adopt digitized PID setter control techniques, the life-span of motor is prolonged, increased the reliability that supplies water.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
(1) this technology is compared with traditional technology, has that floor space is few, the characteristics of reduced investment, and floor space and investment only are about about 50%～70% of traditional technology;
(2) this technology water consumption only is equivalent to 50% of conventional art, thereby has saved water resources.
(3) operation of one-level submersible pump of this technology and secondary submersible pump has realized the closed loop coordinated operation, has reduced the probability of the in-plant secondary pollution of finished product water.
(4) device of this technology adopts the automatic control of waterpower function to realize fully automatic operation, and the terminal in the control process there is not valve event, thereby can conveniently realize the automatic control of water factory, and maintenance cost is lower;
(5) have protective construction on the structures of this technology, reducing environmental contaminants to handling the influence of back water pollution once again, and work the light radiation that prevents the sun and cause effects such as the interior algae of structures grows.
Embodiment 1 is used for this technology the transformation of certain waterworks, the original technology of water factory is that 125 tons/hour circulatior clarifier and gravity valveless filter polyphone is the water technology of core, under the situation of influent turbidity at 0 ~ 60NTU, water outlet is generally about 3～5NTU, by transforming, original settling pond has been installed additional mesh flocculation plant, slime layer filtration, tube settling, increased and built efficient all depth filtration, deep bed filtration systems, water outlet enters pipe network through behind the disinfection by chlorine dioxide.The parameter that adopts in the design is as follows: flocculation time is 5.8 minutes, and mesh is three sections, and the mesh size of employing is respectively 25 * 25mm, 35 * 35mm and 50 * 50mm, and the filtration filtering velocity is 20m/h.
Through after the above-mentioned improvement, under the situation of influent turbidity at 0 ~ 60NTU, delivery turbidity is in 0.5～1NTU, and circulatior clarifier aquifer yield hourly is increased to 480 tons/hour from original 125 tons/hour, save the head loss of 5～7 meters at original settling pond nozzle, reduced energy consumption; The floor space in filter tank is about 30 squares, is 50% of traditional technology, and the water consumption rate in filter tank is below 1%, has realized that waterpower moves automatically.
Embodiment 2
One newly-built waterworks, scale is 30,000 ton per days, adopts water supply process of the present invention: adopt the submersible pump water intaking, after dosing before the pump, enter efficient settling pond, efficient gravity is the grain filter tank all, after the sterilization, adopt submersible pump to give pipe network water supply as two stage pump, its main design parameters is as follows:
Flow velocity: 0.3m/s in the inlet channel
The mesh by-pass means: three layers, flow velocity is 0.18m/s in the mesh, and the upflow velocity in the reaction chamber is 0.03m/s, and the ratio of the flow velocity that the flow velocity in the mesh and volume flocculation are indoor is 1: 6
The filter tank: filtrate is equal grain quartz sand filter media, and its particle diameter is 0.9 ~ 1.1mm, and nonuniformity coefficient K80 is 1.2, and the filtrate height is 1.2m.
In the time of in influent turbidity is 0～150NTU scope, (be generally 0.2～0.4NTU), water factory's net site area is 2.0 mu below 1.0NTU in water outlet, it is automatic to move whole waterpower, and working cost is that 0.35 yuan of/ton water (contains manually medicament, the electricity charge etc. do not contain equipment amortization).
Claims (7)
1, a kind of high-efficiency energy-saving water purification process, it is characterized in that comprising following operation: one-level submersible pump water intake system (a) water intaking, by automatic optimal amount dosing coagulant and high efficient mixed reaction unit (b), the efficient volume flocculation of the mesh system (c) that enters band air supporting function carries out flocculation reaction, the contact flocculation layer (d) that enters high volumetric concentration body refuse again filters and inclined tube (e) precipitation, the equal dark bed of grain (f) that enters the bottom water distribution filters, water outlet is through sterilization viral device (g) disinfection of going out, the clean water basin (h) that enter band thimerosal mixing tank are again deposited, and by secondary submersible pump waterworks (j) water are pumped into water supply network (k) then; Wherein, filtration, inclined tube (e) precipitation operation in flocculation reaction in the efficient volume flocculation of the mesh system (c) of band air supporting function, the contact flocculation layer (d) of high volumetric concentration body refuse are finished in the efficient settling pond of specific equipment (M), and the equal dark bed of grain (f) filters and water-distributing device is all realized in the filter tank (N) at the efficient gravity of specific equipment.
2, high-efficiency energy-saving water purification process according to claim 1, the closed autocontrol mode of the associating of adopting when it is characterized in that the operation of one-level submersible pump water intake system (a) and secondary submersible pump waterworks (j), specifically: the service discharge of two stage pump is by measuring ductwork pressure (r), pass the signal to the frequency conversion system (p2) of two stage pump, two stage pump is realized that program frequency-changing pressure stabilizing variable supplies water, the variation of two stage pump service discharge causes the water level of clean water basin (h) to change, this variation is measured by the liquid level instrument (q) of clean water basin, signal is sent to the frequency-changing control system (p1) of one-level pump, frequency conversion and automatic regulating valve (o) coordination flooding quantity by the one-level pump replenish in good time, thereby regulate the capacity of clear-water reservoir (h) in the water purification plant, increase the reliability and the security of supplying water.
3, high-efficiency energy-saving water purification process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that efficient settling pond (M) is by volume flocculation chamber (1) and (12), mesh disturbing flow device (2), active sludge suspended layer (3), inclined tube (4), water gathering system (5), spoil disposal chamber (6), bottom, concentration compartments (7), gradient tube (8), scum pipe (9), preliminary sedimentation chamber (11), ash pit (13), siphon pipe (24) and sealing building (10) are formed, wherein volume flocculation chamber (1) and (12) are positioned at middle part, settling pond ground, mesh disturbing flow device (2) is arranged in volume flocculation chamber (1) and (12), mesh by-pass means (2) is divided into three sections, and every section is 2～6 layers; Bottom, volume flocculation chamber (1) is preliminary sedimentation chamber (11); Gradient tube (8) is arranged on the settling pond downside, is communicated with preliminary sedimentation chamber (11); Active sludge suspended layer (3) is around the volume flocculation outside, and scum pipe (9) evenly is arranged in the active sludge suspended layer (3), and quantity is 4～12; The top of active sludge suspended layer (3) is provided with inclined tube (4), and the below is provided with concentration compartments (7); In the top of inclined tube (4) is water gathering system (5); The bottom of settling pond is spoil disposal chamber (6), in the settling pond arranged outside siphon pipe (24) is arranged, and is communicated with spoil disposal chamber (6) by pipeline; Around the top of volume flocculation chamber, be provided with ash pit (13).
4, high-efficiency energy-saving water purification process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when former water after dispensing adds coagulating agent and hybrid reaction, enter preliminary sedimentation chamber (11) in the settling pond from the settling pond bottom through gradient tube (8), the flow rate of water flow in the pipe is controlled to be 0.1～0.3M/s by 0.6～1.3M/s gradual change; In preliminary sedimentation chamber (11), oarse-grained silt generation sedimentation; Current enter efficient volume mesh flocculating chamber (1) and (12) after cushioning, ascending current is through mesh disturbing flow device (2); Flow velocity is controlled to be 0.05 ~ 0.40M/s in the mesh, and the indoor upflow velocity of volume flocculation is controlled to be 0.02 ~ 0.15M/s, and the ratio of the flow velocity that flow velocity in the mesh and volume flocculation are indoor is controlled to be 1: 2～between 1: 8.
5, high-efficiency energy-saving water purification process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the equal grain of efficient gravity filter tank is by catchment area (29), water inlet siphon pipe (15), vertical shaft distributing flue (16), cruciform overflow weir braiding channel (17), equal grain filtrate (18), supporting layer (19), small resistance water wiring system (20), water distribution space (21), filtered water tank (22), the total canal of water outlet (23), siphon pipe (24), dividing plate (25) and auxiliary siphon tube system (26), (27) form, wherein catchment area (29) are at the filter tank upper area, siphon pipe (15) one ends feed catchment area (29), and the other end feeds vertical shaft distributing flue (16); The upper end of vertical shaft distributing flue (16) lower end and umbrella shape dividing plate (25) is connected as a single entity, cruciform overflow weir braiding channel (17) is located under the umbrella shape dividing plate (25), all grain filtrate (18) is in the below of braiding channel (17), top in supporting layer (19), the below of supporting layer (19) is small resistance water wiring system (20), and small resistance water wiring system (20) below is water distribution space (21); Filtered water tank (22) is communicated with by being communicated with canal (28) with water distribution space (21), the total canal of water outlet (23) is positioned at the filtered water tank (22) of dividing plate (25) top, and an end of siphon pipe (24) feeds " ten " word center of umbrella shape dividing plate (25) interior cruciform overflow weir braiding channel (17); Auxiliary siphon tube system (26) links to each other with siphon pipe (15), and auxiliary siphon tube system (27) links to each other with siphon pipe (24).
6, a kind of high-efficiency energy-saving water purification device, it is characterized in that the automatic throwing device of coagulating agent (b), one-level submersible pump water intake system (a), efficient settling pond (M), efficient gravity equal grain filter tank (N) and secondary submersible pump waterworks (j) are connected to form by pipeline successively, wherein efficient settling pond (M) is by volume flocculation chamber (1) and (12), mesh disturbing flow device (2), active sludge suspended layer (3), inclined tube (4), water gathering system (5), spoil disposal chamber (6), bottom, concentration compartments (7), gradient tube (8), scum pipe (9), preliminary sedimentation chamber (11), ash pit (13), siphon pipe (24) and sealing building (10) are formed, wherein volume flocculation chamber (1) and (12) are positioned at middle part, settling pond ground, mesh disturbing flow device (2) is arranged in volume flocculation chamber (1) and (12), mesh by-pass means (2) is divided into three sections, and every section is 2～6 layers; Bottom, volume flocculation chamber (1) is preliminary sedimentation chamber (11); Gradient tube (8) is arranged on the settling pond downside, is communicated with preliminary sedimentation chamber (11); Active sludge suspended layer (3) is around the volume flocculation outside, and scum pipe (9) evenly is arranged in the active sludge suspended layer (3), and quantity is 4～12; The top of active sludge suspended layer (3) is provided with inclined tube (4), and the below is provided with concentration compartments (7); In the top of inclined tube (4) is water gathering system (5); The bottom of settling pond is spoil disposal chamber (6), in the settling pond arranged outside siphon pipe (24) is arranged, and is communicated with spoil disposal chamber (6) by pipeline; Around the top of volume flocculation chamber, be provided with ash pit (13); Efficient gravity all grain filter tank is made up of catchment area (29), water inlet siphon pipe (15), vertical shaft distributing flue (16), cruciform overflow weir braiding channel (17), equal grain filtrate (18), supporting layer (19), small resistance water wiring system (20), water distribution space (21), filtered water tank (22), the total canal of water outlet (23), siphon pipe (24), dividing plate (25) and auxiliary siphon tube system (26), (27), wherein catchment area (29) are at the filter tank upper area, siphon pipe (15) one ends feed catchment area (29), and the other end feeds vertical shaft distributing flue (16); The upper end of vertical shaft distributing flue (16) lower end and umbrella shape dividing plate (25) is connected as a single entity, cruciform overflow weir braiding channel (17) is located under the umbrella shape dividing plate (25), all grain filtrate (18) is in the below of braiding channel (17), top in supporting layer (19), the below of supporting layer (19) is small resistance water wiring system (20), and small resistance water wiring system (20) below is water distribution space (21); Filtered water tank (22) is communicated with by being communicated with canal (28) with water distribution space (21), the total canal of water outlet (23) is positioned at the filtered water tank (22) of dividing plate (25) top, and an end of siphon pipe (24) feeds " ten " word center of umbrella shape dividing plate (25) interior cruciform overflow weir braiding channel (17); Auxiliary siphon tube system (26) links to each other with siphon pipe (15), and auxiliary siphon tube system (27) links to each other with siphon pipe (24).
7, energy saving water purifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that described equal grain filtrate directly is 0.8～1.2mm, and nonuniformity coefficient K80 is 1.1～1.4, and the filtrate voidage is (50 ± 1) %; Filtrate (18) highly is 1.0～1.5m.
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| CN100415338C (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-09-03 | 华电水处理技术工程有限公司 | Method and equipment for purifying recirculated cooling water or town B-grade sewage |
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| CN102167456A (en) * | 2011-03-06 | 2011-08-31 | 姚家泰 | Low-carbon, environment-friendly, economical and reasonable water treatment process flow and method for water treatment plant |
| CN102167456B (en) * | 2011-03-06 | 2012-11-21 | 姚家泰 | Low-carbon, environment-friendly, economical and reasonable water treatment process flow and method for water treatment plant |
| CN103739116A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 广东汇众环境科技股份有限公司 | Membrane-technology-based integrated water purification process |
| CN104355453A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 青岛嘉华环境工程有限公司 | Full-automatic control system and method for water purification plant |
| CN104556474A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-29 | 山东齐盛机电工程有限公司 | Water purification process and device of water supply plant |
| CN104743740A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 长沙攀力科技开发有限公司 | Small integrated water treatment boosting pump station equipment |
| CN109313416A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-02-05 | 苏伊士集团 | Method, computer program product and the system of dynamic control are carried out to fluid network |
| CN108911354A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-30 | 甘肃优源环保工程科技有限公司 | Portable water purification processing unit |
| CN110330148A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-15 | 无锡泽钜环保科技有限公司 | A kind of full automatic high efficiency multi-stage sewage purification device |
| CN114368818A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | Preparation system and preparation method of circulating cooling water make-up water of power plant |
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Effective date of registration: 20170503 Address after: 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, No. 200433 Co-patentee after: JIANGSU RUI JI DING ZHOU TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Patentee after: Fudan University Address before: 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, No. 200433 Co-patentee before: Taixing Ruiji Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Fudan University |
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