CN1843330A - Slow release agent containing aminoglycosides antibiotic and its uses - Google Patents
Slow release agent containing aminoglycosides antibiotic and its uses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1843330A CN1843330A CN 200610200484 CN200610200484A CN1843330A CN 1843330 A CN1843330 A CN 1843330A CN 200610200484 CN200610200484 CN 200610200484 CN 200610200484 A CN200610200484 A CN 200610200484A CN 1843330 A CN1843330 A CN 1843330A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- sustained
- release
- copolymer
- polylactic acid
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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- 229940126575 aminoglycoside Drugs 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 title 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002647 aminoglycoside antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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Landscapes
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a slow-releasing agent of antibiotics containing aminoglycoside, comprising slow-releasing micro-sphere containing slow-releasing findings and aminoglycoside antibiotics, and special dissolvent containing suspending adjuvant agent such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the adhesive degree being 100cp-3000cp (at 20-30 Deg. C). The slow-releasing findings comprises EVAc, polyphenyl, PLA, PLGA, decanedioic acid copolymer, albumen glue and gelatin; the slow-releasing micro-sphere can be produced to slow-releasing implanting agent and unguent agent. When the slow-releasing implanting agent and injection is placed or injected into bacteria, the medicine can be released slowly for more than 5-30 days, and toxicity is dramatically reduced at the same time when effective medicine concentration is got and maintained. The said slow-releasing agent is specially effective for chronic medullitis, bedsore, intractable ulcer on skin, diabetes femoral head necrosis and other abscessus, which are caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus, acne Propionibacteriaceae, Enterobacter, Enterobacter, gonotoxin or parameningococcus.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to a sustained release agent containing aminoglycoside antibiotics and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of medicaments. Specifically, the invention provides a sustained-release injection and a sustained-release implant containing aminoglycoside antibiotics. The sustained release preparation is mainly applied locally, and can obtain and maintain effective drug concentration locally in bacterial infection.
(II) background of the invention
With the advent of antibiotics, bacterial infection became a treatable disease. However, the treatment is not standard, the treatment time is long, and a patient forgets to take the medicine quantitatively in time, so that the drug resistance is generated. Many of the bacterial infections cured by the method repeatedly attack to become chronic lesions. The treatment of drug-resistant patients or recurrent chronic lesions will, on the one hand, prolong the treatment time and, on the other hand, lead to the development and application or combined application of a variety of potent aminoglycoside antibiotics and other antibiotics, with the result that the costs are high, new drug-resistant strains are continuously cultivated, the effective dose is continuously increased, and a vicious circle is formed. Therefore, research and development of new effective agents or methods for treating drug-resistant strains and chronic persistent infections have become an urgent problem worldwide.
At present, a plurality of new antibacterial drugs, in particular aminoglycoside antibiotics, have shown good curative effect, but for a plurality of chronic focuses, in particular local focuses, effective bactericidal concentration is difficult to obtain by conventional therapy administration. There are many side effects caused by increasing dosage or taking the medicine for a long time.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention provides a sustained-release agent containing aminoglycoside antibiotics and an application thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art, in particular to a sustained-release injection and a sustained-release implant.
Antibiotics, including aminoglycoside antibiotics, are mainly oral preparations and cannot achieve effective drug concentration at the focus. Even a general injection is not ideal enough. Due to the factors of insufficient dosage, single administration, irregular administration and the like, the traditional Chinese medicine composition can not reach effective blood concentration and can not thoroughly kill bacteria, and can induce drug-resistant bacteria to survive or promote bacterial variation. Increasing the dose alone can be limited by systemic toxic effects.
The invention discovers that the aminoglycoside antibiotics are prepared into the sustained-release preparation (mainly a sustained-release injection and a sustained-release implant) to be locally placed or injected, so that the local drug concentration can be greatly improved, the concentration of the drugs in a circulatory system can be reduced, the toxicity of the drugs to normal tissues can be reduced, the drug application can be greatly facilitated, the treatment course can be reduced, the treatment time can be shortened, the complications of the drugs can be reduced, the cost of patients can be reduced, the single drug dosage can be reduced, the treatment effect can be enhanced, and the drug tolerance can be reduced. Has obvious and unique treatment effect on drug-resistant bacteria, particularly on local focus or chronic infection caused by combined bacterial infection, and effectively overcomes the limitation of systemic medication.
In the case of chronic abscesses, antibacterial drugs applied by conventional routes (oral or intramuscular injection or drip) are difficult to penetrate into the lesions due to the barrier effect of their peripheral inflammatory reactions. The concentration of the drug in pus is very low, which can not play the role of sterilization or bacteriostasis, but can cause the generation of drug-resistant bacteria. The slow-release medicine is placed or injected through skin puncture under the assistance of imaging technologies such as ultrasonic waves and/or CT and the like, so that the medicine can be accurately injected into a focus, and the medicine can be limited in the focus for days to tens of days through a slow-release mechanism, so that bacteria in the focus can be directly and effectively killed; in addition, due to the erosion effect of the released medicine on the periphery of the focus, the necrotic substances of the focus can be promoted to fall off and be discharged; local lesions can also be cleared during local procedures by means of a puncture needle or corresponding instrument (such as, but not limited to, bronchoscope, cystoscope, laparoscope, arthroscope, etc.). Moreover, repeated partial punctures can also weaken the barrier function of the wall of the cooktop. Therefore, the medicine in the blood can enter the focus, and the proliferation of granulation tissue and the purification of local focus are facilitated. The same cases include, but are not limited to, chronic osteomyelitis, deep abscess, celiac abscess, arthritis, pleural abscess, etc.
In addition, the existing aminoglycoside antibiotics are various in types, not all aminoglycoside antibiotics can be prepared into a sustained-release preparation, and different aminoglycoside antibiotics need to select proper sustained-release auxiliary materials when being prepared into the sustained-release preparation. Therefore, based on the above unexpected findings, the present invention successfully screens out an effective antibacterial component, aminoglycoside antibiotics, which can be suitable for sustained release from hundreds of antibacterial drugs through subsequent extensive studies, and successfully screens out a sustained release component, which can be suitable for sustained release of aminoglycoside antibiotics, from hundreds of sustained release excipients. Finally, the effective combination is screened out by in-vitro release measurement of the organism. Thus constituting the main subject of the present invention.
One form of the drug sustained release preparation is sustained release injection, which consists of sustained release microspheres and a solvent. Specifically, the sustained-release injection consists of the following components:
(a) the sustained-release particles comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
1-70% of antibacterial active ingredient
Sustained release auxiliary materials 30-99%
0.0 to 30 percent of suspending agent
The above are weight percentages
And
(b) the solvent is common solvent or special solvent containing suspending agent.
Wherein,
the viscosity range IV (dl/g) of the sustained-release auxiliary material is 0.1-0.9, and the sustained-release auxiliary material is selected from racemic polylactic acid (D, L-PLA), racemic polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer (D, L-PLGA), monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid (MPEG-PLA), monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer (MPEG-PLGA), polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid (PLA-PEG-PLA), polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer (PLGA-PEG-PLGA), carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid (PLA-COOH), carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer (PLGA-COOH), polifeprosan, difatty fatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer (PFAD-SA), poly (erucic acid dimer-sebacic acid) [ P (EAD-SA) ], poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid) [ P (FA-SA) ], poly (FA-sebacic acid) ], and the like, Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc), polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, albumin glue or a combination thereof; the suspending agent is selected from one or more of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, (iodine) glycerol, dimethicone, propylene glycol, carbomer, mannitol, sorbitol, surfactant, Tween 20, Tween 40 and Tween 80.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics useful in the invention are selected from the group consisting of arbekacin, amikacin sulfate, astemicin sulfate, paromomycin sulfate, dibekacin, ribostamin, kanamycin B, amikacin B sulfate, bisdeoxykanamycin B, kanamycin sulfate, aminobutylkanamycin, livinomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin sulfate, tobramycin sulfate, sisomicin sulfate, etimicin sulfate, lividin A, gentamicin sulfate, veneamicin (1-N-ethylvedamycin), Doxycycline (doxycline), Doxycycline hydrochloride, tobramycin, micronomicin sulfate, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin (losin), Tylosin tartrate (Tylosin tartrate), virginiamycin, sulomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, Tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, sisomicin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin, daptomycin or a combination thereof.
The aminoglycoside antibiotics useful in the present invention are also selected from the group consisting of salts and esters of the above drugs, such as, but not limited to, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, thiopamoic acid, phosphoric acid, azathionic acid, sulfinic acid, formic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, kurtonic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, azaiodic acid, alkanoic acids, fluorenylmethyl ester, pivaloyl ester, ester salts, and the like. Salts tend to be more soluble in the aqueous or other protic solvents of the corresponding free base form. Non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts include salts with bases such as sodium, potassium, calcium, amines, and the like. Those skilled in the art are aware of many non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts. Preferred antibacterial agents are: arbekacin, amikacin, astemicin, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, livinomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, livinomycin A, gentamicin, wittigcin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, griseofulvin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, fusomycin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin, daptomycin.
The proportion of the antibacterial agent in the sustained-release agent is determined by specific conditions, and can be 1-70%, preferably 2-50%, and most preferably 5-40%.
The weight percentages of the effective components and the sustained-release auxiliary materials in the antibacterial sustained-release microspheres are preferably as follows:
2 to 50 percent of antibacterial active ingredient
Sustained release auxiliary materials 50-98%
0.0 to 30 percent of suspending agent
The slow release auxiliary material is selected from one or the combination of racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer, polifeprosan, difatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer, poly (erucic acid dimmer-sebacic acid), poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid copolymer, xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin and albumin glue.
The most preferable sustained-release auxiliary materials in the sustained-release microspheres and the weight percentage thereof are as follows:
(1) 55-90% PLA;
(2) 50-90% PLGA;
(3) 50-85% of polifeprosan;
(4) 55-90% of a copolymer of di-fatty acid and sebacic acid;
(5) 55-90% EVAc;
(6) 40-95% of xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin or albumin glue; or
(7) 40-95% of racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid or carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer.
The sustained-release microspheres and a solvent containing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, (iodine) glycerol, simethicone, propylene glycol, carbomer, mannitol, sorbitol, a surface active substance, Tween 20, Tween 40 or Tween 80 suspending agent are prepared into the sustained-release injection. The concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the solvent may be 0.1-5%, but is preferably 0.5-3%, and most preferably 1-2%.
Among the various polymers, preferred are polylactic acid, sebacic acid, and a mixture or copolymer of polylactic acid and sebacic acid, and the mixture or copolymer can be selected from, but not limited to, PLA, PLGA, a mixture of glycolic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid, and a mixture or copolymer of sebacic acid and an aromatic polyanhydride or an aliphatic polyanhydride. The blending ratio of glycolic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid is 10/90-90/10 (by weight), preferably 25/75-75/25 (by weight). The method of blending is arbitrary. The contents of glycolic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid in copolymerization are 10-90 wt% and 90-10 wt%, respectively. Representative of aromatic polyanhydrides are polifeprosan [ poly (1, 3-di (P-carboxyphenoxy) propane-sebacic acid) (P (CPP-SA)), di-fatty acid-sebacic acid copolymer (PFAD-SA) ], poly (erucic acid dimer-sebacic acid) [ P (EAD-SA) ], and poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid) [ P (FA-SA) ], and the like. The content of p-carboxyphenoxy propane (p-CPP) and sebacic acid in copolymerization is 10-60 wt% and 20-90 wt%, respectively, and the blending weight ratio is 10-40: 50-90, preferably 15-30: 65-85.
The molecular weight peak of polylactic acid may be, but is not limited to, 5000-100,000, but is preferably 20,000-60,000, and most preferably 5,000-30,000; the molecular weight of polyglycolic acid may be, but is not limited to, 5000-; the polyhydroxy acids can be selected singly or in multiple ways. When selected alone, polylactic acid (PLA) or a copolymer of hydroxycarboxylic acid and glycolic acid (PLGA) is preferred, and the molecular weight of the copolymer may be, but is not limited to, 5000-100,000, but is preferably 20,000-60,000, and is most preferably 30,000-50,000; when more than one choice is selected, the polymer or the composite polymer or copolymer of different polymers is preferred, and the composite polymer or copolymer of polylactic acid or sebacic acid with different molecular weight is most preferred, such as, but not limited to, polylactic acid with molecular weight of 1000 to 30000 mixed with polylactic acid with molecular weight of 20000 to 50000, polylactic acid with molecular weight of 10000 to 30000 mixed with PLGA with molecular weight of 30000 to 80000, polylactic acid with molecular weight of 20000 to 30000 mixed with sebacic acid, PLGA with molecular weight of 30000 to 80000 mixed with sebacic acid. The polylactic acid used is preferably L-polylactic acid (L-PLA). The viscosity range IV (dl/g) of the L-polylactic acid (L-PLA) is 0.2-0.8, the glass transition temperature range is 55-65 ℃, and the melting point is 175-185 ℃.
In addition to the above-mentioned adjuvants, other substances can be selected and used as described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4757128, 4857311, 4888176 and 4789724 and "pharmaceutical adjuvants" in general (p. 123, published by Sichuan scientific and technical Press 1993, compiled by Luoming and high-tech). In addition, Chinese patent (application No. 96115937.5; 91109723.6; 9710703.3; 01803562.0) and U.S. patent No. 5,651,986) also list some pharmaceutical excipients, including fillers, solubilizers, absorption promoters, film-forming agents, gelling agents, pore-forming agents, excipients or retarders.
In order to adjust the drug release rate or change other characteristics of the present invention, the monomer component or molecular weight of the polymer can be changed, and the composition and ratio of the pharmaceutical excipients can be added or adjusted, and water-soluble low molecular compounds such as, but not limited to, various sugars or salts can be added. The sugar can be, but is not limited to, xylitol, oligosaccharide, (chondroitin sulfate), chitin, etc., and the salt can be, but is not limited to, potassium salt, sodium salt, etc.
In the slow release injection, the drug slow release system can be prepared into microspheres, submicron spheres, micro emulsion, nanospheres, granules or spherical pellets, and then the injection is prepared after the drug slow release system is mixed with an injection solvent. The suspension type sustained-release injection is preferably selected from various sustained-release injections, the suspension type sustained-release injection is a preparation obtained by suspending a drug sustained-release system containing an antibacterial component in an injection, the used auxiliary materials are one or the combination of the sustained-release auxiliary materials, and the used solvent is a common solvent or a special solvent containing a suspending agent. Common solvents are, but not limited to, distilled water, water for injection, physiological saline, absolute ethanol or buffers formulated with various salts. The suspending agent is intended to effectively suspend the microspheres containing the drug, thereby facilitating injection.
The suspending agent is selected from one or more of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, (iodine) glycerol, dimethicone, propylene glycol, carbomer, mannitol, sorbitol, surfactant, Tween 20, Tween 40 and Tween 80.
The content of the suspending agent in the common solvent depends on the characteristics of the suspending agent, and can be 0.1-30% according to the specific situation. Preferably, the suspending agent consists of:
A) 0.5-5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.1-0.5% of Tween 80; or
B) 5-20% of mannitol and 0.1-0.5% of Tween 80; or (b).
C)0.5 to 5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 5 to 20 percent of sorbitol and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Tween 80.
The method of preparation of the sustained release injection is arbitrary and can be prepared by several methods: such as, but not limited to, mixing, melting, dissolving, spray drying to prepare microspheres, dissolving in combination with freezing (drying) and pulverizing to form fine powders, liposome-encapsulating, and emulsifying. Among them, a dissolving method (i.e., solvent evaporation method), a drying method, a spray drying method and an emulsification method are preferable. The microspheres can be used for preparing the various sustained-release injections, and the method is arbitrary. The microspheres used may have a particle size in the range of 5-400um, preferably 10-300um, most preferably 20-200 um.
The microspheres can also be used for preparing other sustained-release injections, such as gel injections, gel sustained-release injections and block copolymer micelle injections. The block copolymer micelle is formed by a hydrophobic-hydrophilic block copolymer in an aqueous solution and has a spherical core-shell structure, wherein the hydrophobic block forms a core, and the hydrophilic block forms a shell. The drug-loaded micelle is injected into the body to achieve the purpose of controlling the release of the drug or targeting therapy. The drug carrier is any one of the above or the combination thereof. Of these, polyethylene glycol (PEG) having a molecular weight of 1000-15000 is preferable as the hydrophilic block of the micelle copolymer, and biodegradable polymers such as PLA, polylactide, polycaprolactone and copolymers thereof (molecular weight 1500-25000) are preferable as the hydrophobic block of the micelle copolymer. The block copolymer micelles may have a particle size in the range of 10 to 300um, preferably 20 to 200 um. The gel injection is prepared by dissolving biodegradable polymer (such as PLA, PLGA or DL-LA and epsilon-caprolactone copolymer) in certain amphiphilic solvent, adding the medicine, mixing (or suspending) with the solvent to form gel with good fluidity, and can be locally injected. Once injected, the amphiphilic solvent diffuses into the body fluid quickly, and the water in the body fluid permeates into the gel, so that the polymer is solidified and the drug is released slowly. The method for preparing the gel injection is arbitrary.
The invention discovers that the key factor influencing the suspension and/or injection of the medicament and/or the sustained-release microspheres is the viscosity of the solvent, and the higher the viscosity is, the better the suspension effect is and the stronger the injectability is. This unexpected finding constitutes one of the main exponential features of the present invention. The viscosity of the solvent depends on the viscosity of the suspending agent, and the viscosity of the suspending agent is 100cp-3000cp (at 20-30 ℃), preferably 1000cp-3000cp (at 20-30 ℃), and most preferably 1500cp-3000cp (at 20-30 ℃). The viscosity of the solvent prepared according to the condition is 10cp-650cp (at 20-30 ℃), preferably 20cp-650cp (at 20-30 ℃), and most preferably 60cp-650cp (at 20-30 ℃).
The preparation of injection has several methods, one is that the slow release particles (A) whose suspending agent is '0' are directly mixed in special solvent to obtain correspondent slow release particle injection; the other is that the slow release particles (A) of which the suspending agent is not 0 are mixed in a special solvent or a common solvent to obtain the corresponding slow release particle injection; and the other one is that the slow release particles (A) are mixed in common dissolvent, then suspending agent is added and mixed evenly, and the corresponding slow release particle injection is obtained. Besides, the sustained-release particles (A) can be mixed in special solvent to prepare corresponding suspension, then the water in the suspension is removed by methods such as vacuum drying, and then the suspension is suspended by special solvent or common solvent to obtain the corresponding sustained-release particle injection. The above methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the invention. It is noted that the concentration of the suspended drug or the sustained release microspheres (or microcapsules) in the injection may be, but is not limited to, 10-400mg/ml, but is preferably 30-300mg/ml, and most preferably 50-200mg/ml, depending on the particular need. The viscosity of the injection is 50-1000 cp (at 20-30 deg C), preferably 100-1000 cp (at 20-30 deg C), and most preferably 200-650 cp (at 20-30 deg C). This viscosity is suitable for 18-22 gauge needles and specially made needles with larger (to 3 mm) inside diameters.
The sustained-release microspheres can also be used for preparing sustained-release implants, the used pharmaceutical excipients can be any one or more of the above pharmaceutical excipients, but water-soluble high molecular polymers are taken as the main choice, and in various high molecular polymers, polylactic acid, sebacic acid, a mixture or copolymer of high molecular polymers containing polylactic acid or sebacic acid are taken as the first choice, and the mixture and copolymer can be selected from, but are not limited to, PLA, PLGA, a mixture of PLA and PLGA, and a mixture or copolymer of sebacic acid and aromatic polyanhydride or aliphatic polyanhydride. The blending ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) to polyglycolic acid is 10/90 to 90/10 (by weight), preferably 25/75 to 75/25 (by weight). The method of blending is arbitrary. The contents of glycolic acid and lactic acid in copolymerization are respectively 10-90% and 90-10% by weight. The aromatic polyanhydride is represented by p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP), the content of the p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP) and sebacic acid in copolymerization is respectively 10-60% and 20-90% by weight, and the blending weight ratio is 10-40: 50-90, preferably 15-30: 65-85.
Another form of the sustained-release agent of the present invention is a sustained-release implant. The effective components of the antibacterial implant can be uniformly packaged in the whole pharmaceutic adjuvant, and also can be packaged in the center of a carrier support or on the surface of the carrier support; the active principle can be released by direct diffusion and/or by degradation via polymers.
The slow release implant is characterized in that the slow release auxiliary material contains any one or more of the other auxiliary materials besides the high molecular polymer. The added pharmaceutic adjuvants are collectively called as additives. The additives can be classified into fillers, pore-forming agents, excipients, dispersants, isotonic agents, preservatives, retarding agents, solubilizers, absorption enhancers, film-forming agents, gelling agents, etc. according to their functions.
The main components of the sustained-release implant can be prepared into various dosage forms. Such as, but not limited to, capsules, sustained release formulations, implants, sustained release implants, and the like; in various shapes such as, but not limited to, granules, pills, tablets, powders, spheres, chunks, needles, rods, columns, and films. Among various dosage forms, slow release implants in vivo are preferred. The size of the volume depends on the location and size of the lesion. It can be in the form of rod of 0.1-5mm (thick) × 1-10mm (long), or in the form of sheet.
The optimal dosage form of the sustained-release implant is biocompatible, degradable and absorbable sustained-release implant, and can be prepared into various shapes and various dosage forms according to different clinical requirements. The packaging method and procedure for its main ingredients are described in detail in US patent (US5651986) and include several methods for preparing sustained release formulations: such as, but not limited to, (i) mixing a carrier support powder with a drug and then compressing into an implant, a so-called mixing process; (ii) melting the carrier support, mixing with the drug to be packaged, and then cooling the solid, the so-called melt process; (iii) dissolving the carrier support in a solvent, dissolving or dispersing the drug to be packaged in a polymer solution, and then evaporating the solvent and drying, the so-called dissolution method; (iv) spray drying; and (v) freeze-drying method.
The active ingredients and the weight percentage of the slow release implant are preferably as follows:
2 to 50 percent of antibacterial active ingredient
Sustained release auxiliary materials 50-98%
0.0 to 30 percent of suspending agent
The weight percentage of the antibacterial effective component in the sustained-release implant is 1-50%, preferably 2-50%, and most preferably 5-40%.
The antibacterial active ingredients in the sustained-release implant are preferably: arbekacin, amikacin, astemicin, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, livinomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, livinomycin A, gentamicin, wittigcin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, griseofulvin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, fusomycin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin, daptomycin.
The sustained-release auxiliary materials in the sustained-release implant and the weight percentage thereof are most preferably as follows:
(1) 55-90% PLA;
(2) 50-90% PLGA;
(3) 50-85% of polifeprosan;
(4) 55-90% of a copolymer of di-fatty acid and sebacic acid;
(5) 55-90% EVAc;
(6) 40-95% of xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin or albumin glue;
(7) 40-95% of racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid or carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer. .
In addition, the selected adjuvants can be a combination of any one or more of the above.
The invention can be used for preparing pharmaceutical preparations for treating various bacterial infections of human and animals, and is mainly a sustained-release injection or a sustained-release implant. The prepared medicinal preparation can be used for treating infection of various bacteria, but the preferred pathogenic bacteria are gram-positive bacteria, such as staphylococcus, streptococcus and the like; gram-negative bacteria, such as neisseria species; filamentous bacteria, including fungi of the defensive line and streptomyces species; bacilli, including bacilli, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Corynebacterium and Clostridium, Escherichia, Shigella, Yersinia, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Aquifex, Haemophilus, Pasteurella, Pseudomonas, Bupleurum, Phyllomastosis, Bordetella, and Streptobacterium; spirochetes, campylobacter species, vibrio species; and intracellular bacteria including rickettsia and chlamydia. The most preferred pathogenic bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus of the genus Staphylococcus; streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus pneumoniae of the streptococcus genus; digesting streptococcus; pseudomonas aeruginosa; escherichia coli of the genus Enterobacter; bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella pneumophila, Escherichia coli, Yersinia pestis, Haemophilus influenzae, helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter fetus, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Treponema pallidum, Actinomyces chlamydiae, Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia rickettsii, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia psittaci, Brucella abortus, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Moraxella catarrhalis, Propionibacterium acnes, Proteus (Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris), Morganella, providencia, Bacteroides, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, infections caused thereby. Infection caused by sensitive bacteria, such as, but not limited to, folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle, infective impetigo, erysipelas, cellulitis, lymphangitis, suppurative paronychia, subcutaneous abscess, hidradenitis, infective atheroma, chronic abscess, intraperitoneal abscess, intrathoracic abscess, appendicitis, mastitis, mammary abscess, perianal abscess, secondary infection such as trauma or surgical wound, pharyngolaryngitis, laryngopharyngeal abscess, acute and chronic bronchitis, tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, bronchiectasis (when infected), secondary infection of chronic respiratory system disease, pneumonia, lung suppuration, otitis media, sinusitis, renal abscess, perianal abscess, pyelonephritis, cystitis, cholecystitis, hepatic abscess, adnexitis, intrauterine infection, bartholinitis, blepharitis, hordeolum, blepharitis, dacryocystitis, abscess, and abscess, Meibomitis, periodontitis, pericoronitis, maxitis, arthritis, joint abscess, osteomyelitis, tuberculosis abscess, and suppurative meningitis. The formulations of the invention may be used for the treatment of systemic infections, but treatment of local lesions is preferred. Common local lesions also include chronic lesions caused by or combined with chronic diseases such as: but are not limited to, chronic osteomyelitis, severe bedsores, refractory skin ulcers, diabetic foot, femoral head necrosis, and senile prostate diseases.
The route of administration depends on a variety of factors. To achieve an effective concentration at the site of the lesion, the drug may be administered by a variety of routes, such as oral, rectal, transmucosal, transdermal, or enteral administration; parenteral delivery includes intramuscular, subcutaneous, intramedullary injections, as well as intrathecal, direct intraventricular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intranasal, intraocular injections, intracavitary (e.g., intraperitoneal, thoracic, and intravertebral), peri-or intralesional injections or placements, intranodal, and intramedullary. But is preferably locally injected (slow release injection) or placed (slow release implant) on the lesion. Can be injected or placed during or before surgery; can be used for interventional therapy via bronchofiberscope and other instruments, such as lung abscess treatment; or percutaneous puncture intralesional administration intervention treatment; injection or placement in joint cavities; can be applied simultaneously with or separately from systemic chemotherapy, but preferably several days before and after topical application.
The dosage of the drug varies with the drug composition, but the total amount of one drug may vary from 10% to 200% of the daily dose of the conventional route, or 1-1000mg/kg, which may be administered once or several times. For example, the daily dose of netilmicin in the conventional route is 3-4 mg/kg for 1 adult, and the dosage is divided into 2 times; intramuscular injection or intravenous drip, 0.1-0.2 g for 1 adult and 0.2-0.4 g for one day; the injection is 4-8 mg/kg daily for children in 1-2 times. If the lesion is not completely cleared or improved, it is considered that the sustained-release preparation is placed or injected again after 10 to 20 days. In order to prevent bacterial dissemination in the focus, systemic administration should be properly matched before and after each local administration.
Other medicinal components such as, but not limited to, hormones, analgesic drugs, anticoagulant drugs, hemostatic drugs and the like can also be added into the sustained-release injection or the sustained-release implant prepared by the invention.
The sustained release microspheres can also be used to prepare other formulations such as, but not limited to, tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, ointments, suspensions and the like.
The technical process of the invention is further described by the following tests and examples:
test 1 comparison of local drug concentrations after different modes of application of antibacterial drug (Venetimicin)
White rats were used as test subjects, and were divided into groups and received equivalent amounts of miltipramine (30 mg) in the following different ways: group 1, common venemicin injection was injected intraperitoneally; group 2, common venemicin injections were injected subcutaneously by the quaternary rib; group 3, venetian subcutaneous injections; group 4, slow release implant of miltemicin placed subcutaneously in the quaternary costal area. The drug concentration at the local administration site was measured after one week, two weeks, and three weeks, respectively. The results show that the difference of the local drug concentration is obvious after different modes of application, the local administration can be obviously improved, and the effective drug concentration of the administration part can be effectively maintained. Wherein the effect of local placement of the sustained-release implant and injection of the sustained-release injection is the best. However, local injection of sustained release injections is most convenient and easy to handle.
Experiment 2 comparison of in vivo antibacterial Effect of different modes of application of antibacterial drugs
Using white rat as test object, 2X 105One staphylococcus aureus was injected into the femoral bone marrow cavity and one week later an equivalent amount of tobramycin treatment was given to test 1 in groups (10/group). Inflammation changes such as local redness and swelling were then examined and thirty days later animals were sacrificed and local bone marrow was examined for bacteria. The results show that the group injected with the tobramycin sustained-release injection and placed with the tobramycin sustained-release implant has the best effect, the local red and swollen part begins to obviously shrink in the first week after treatment, and all animals do not die. In the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection group of the common tobramycin, 60% of animals die within 20 days; in the group of local injections of the general tobramycin injection, 30% of the animals died within 20 days, but 70% of the animals died within 30 days. The comparison of antibacterial effects shows that the difference of the effects after different modes of application is obvious, the effective drug concentration of the part where the sustained-release implant is placed can be obviously improved and effectively maintained by local administration, and the effect of locally placing the sustained-release implant and injecting the sustained-release injection is the best. However, the operation of injecting the sustained-release injection is most convenient and easy. Not only has good curative effect, but also has little toxic and side effect.
The results show that the tobramycin has different bacteriostatic effects when being administered by different routes, and has good local application effect (P is less than 0.01), wherein the local tobramycin sustained-release injection and the local sustained-release implant have better effects. This finding constitutes an important feature of the present invention. This is further confirmed by the following correlation tests.
Test 3 comparison of in vivo antibacterial Effect of drugs
Using white rat as test object, 2X 105Several staphylococcus aureus bacteria were injected into their femoral bone marrow cavities, grouped (10/group) one week later and treated with slow release implants containing different drugs. Inflammation changes such as local redness and swelling were then examined and thirty days later animals were sacrificed and local bone marrow was examined for bacteria. The results show that compared with the control group and the systemic administration group, the sustained-release implant containing the Venetian has better treatment effect (P is less than 0.01).
The slow release auxiliary material used in the experiment is polifeprosan (p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP) and Sebacic Acid (SA) copolymer, wherein the ratio of p-CPP to SA is 30: 70). The result of measuring the residual antibiotics in vivo shows that: about 15% is released on day 1, about 40% on day 3, and 80-90% on day 5.
Test 4 comparison of in vivo antibacterial Effect of drugs
Using white rat as test object, 2X 105The individual bacilli are injected into the bone marrow cavity of femur, and divided into groups (10 per group) one week later and treated with slow-release injection containing different drugs. Inflammation changes such as local redness and swelling were then examined and thirty days later animals were sacrificed and local bone marrow was examined for bacteria. The results show that compared with the control group and the systemic administration group, the sustained-release injection containing arbekacin, amikacin, astemicin, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, dideoxynomycin B, aminoxybutylkanamycin, lividycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividomycin A, gentamicin or witemicin has better treatment effect (P is less than 0.01). Wherein the sustained release adjuvant is polifeprosan (p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP)) and sebacic acidAcid (SA) copolymer, p-CPP: SA 20: 80). The results indicate that the ratio of para-carboxyphenylpropane to sebacic acid in polifeprosan affects the rate of drug release.
The same results are seen with doxycycline, tobramycin, micronomicin, ispamixin, isoproxacin, tylosin, virginiamycin, sulomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, sisomicin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Experiment 5 comparison of in vivo antibacterial action of cefpirome sustained-release implant prepared from polylactic acid with different molecular weights
Using white rat as test object, 2X 105Several staphylococcus aureus bacteria were injected into their femoral bone marrow cavities, grouped after one week (10/group) and treated with sustained release implants containing equal amounts of micronomicin carried by polylactic acid (PLA) of different Molecular Weights (MW). Inflammation changes such as local redness and swelling were then examined and thirty days later animals were sacrificed and local bone marrow was examined for bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial inhibition increased with increasing polylactic acid molecular weight, as compared to the systemic group, by 68% (MW: 5000), 76% (MW: 15000), 84% (MW: 25000), 90% (MW: 40000) and 94% (MW: 60000), all with a P value of less than 0.01.
The same results are seen in doxycycline, tobramycin, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, virginiamycin, sulomycin, flavomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, fusidamycin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin sustained release formulations prepared with polylactic acid as an adjuvant.
Experiment 6, comparison of antibacterial action in vivo of sustained-release implants of amoxicillin antibiotics made of polylactic acid with different molecular weights
Using white rat as test object, 2X 105Staphylococcus aureus was injected into the bone marrow cavity of femur, divided into groups (10/group) one week later and administered with a composition containing polylactic acid (PLA, molecular weight peak 20000) of different Molecular Weights (MW)The loaded equivalent isopalmixin sustained-release implant is used for treatment. Inflammation changes such as local redness and swelling were then examined and thirty days later animals were sacrificed and local bone marrow was examined for bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial inhibition increased with increasing polylactic acid molecular weight, as compared to the systemic group, by 68% (MW: 5000), 76% (MW: 15000), 84% (MW: 25000), 90% (MW: 40000) and 94% (MW: 60000), all with a P value of less than 0.01.
Similar results are seen in sustained release formulations of arbekacin, amikacin, astemicin, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, aminoxybutylkanamycin, lividycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividomycin A, gentamicin or witemicin, prepared using polylactic acid as an adjuvant.
Experiment 7, comparison of in vivo antibacterial action of tilmicosin sustained-release injection prepared from polylactic acid with different molecular weights
Using white rat as test object, 2X 105Staphylococcus aureus was injected into the femoral bone marrow cavity and grouped (10/group) one week later and treated with a sustained release injection containing equal amounts of tilmicosin (viscosity 600cp (20 ℃ -30 ℃)) carried by polylactic acid (PLA) of different Molecular Weights (MW). Inflammation changes such as local redness and swelling were then examined and thirty days later animals were sacrificed and local bone marrow was examined for bacteria. The results show that the bacterial inhibition rate is 80-100% (P < 0.01) compared with the systemic administration group. The same effect can be seen in doxycycline, tobramycin, micronomicin, ispamixin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vejimycin, sulomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, sisomicin, lidamycin, rifaximin or daptomycin sustained release injection.
Particularly, the sustained-release preparation, particularly the sustained-release injection, has simple and convenient operation and good repeatability. Not only has good curative effect, but also has little toxic and side effect.
Further research finds that the most suitable sustained-release auxiliary materials are one of or a combination of racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer, polifeprosan, di-fatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer, poly (erucic acid dimer-sebacic acid), poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid, and chitin, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin and albumin glue; the most suitable suspending agent is one or more of methylcellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, (iodine) glycerol, dimethicone, propylene glycol, carbomer, mannitol, sorbitol, surfactant, Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 80, or their combination.
In a word, the single antibacterial drug sustained-release preparation placed or injected locally has obvious inhibition effect on the growth of bacteria, the combination of two or more than two drugs has obvious synergy, and the shown treatment effect and the synergy are related to the effective drug concentration obtained locally. In the existing aminoglycoside antibiotics, not all aminoglycoside antibiotics can be prepared into a sustained-release preparation, and proper sustained-release auxiliary materials are required to be selected when different aminoglycoside antibiotics are prepared into the sustained-release preparation. Therefore, the effective component of the sustained-release agent is the combination of one or more than one medicine. The medicine containing the above effective components can be made into sustained release microsphere, and further made into sustained release injection and implant, wherein the (suspension) injection (including gel injection) formed by combining with special solvent containing suspending agent is preferred.
The sustained-release injection or sustained-release implant can be further explained by the following embodiments. The above examples and the following examples are only for further illustration of the present invention and are not intended to limit the contents and uses thereof in any way.
(IV) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Example 1.
90, 90 and 80mg of polifeprosan (p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP): Sebacic Acid (SA) is 20: 80) copolymer is respectively placed into three containers of (A), (B) and (C), then 100 ml of dichloromethane is added into each of the copolymer, after the mixture is dissolved and mixed uniformly, 10mg of arbekacin, 10mg of amikacin and 20mg of amikacin are respectively added, after the mixture is shaken uniformly again, the microspheres for injection containing 10% of arbekacin, 10% of amikacin and 20% of amikacin are prepared by a spray drying method. Then suspending the microspheres in physiological saline containing 15 percent of mannitol to prepare the corresponding suspension type sustained-release injection. The viscosity of the injection is 350-550 cp (at 20-30 deg C). The slow release injection has the release time in vitro physiological saline of 7-14 days and the release time under the skin of a mouse of about 15-25 days.
Example 2.
The steps of the method for processing the sustained-release injection are the same as the example 1, but the difference is that the contained antibacterial active ingredients and the weight percentage thereof are as follows: 2-50% of paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, livinomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividycin A, gentamicin, wittigcin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vejing, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 3.
70mg of polylactic acid (PLGA, 75: 25) with the molecular weight peak value of 10000 is respectively put into three containers of (A), (B) and (C), then 100 ml of dichloromethane is added into each container, after dissolving and mixing evenly, 30mg of paromomycin, 30mg of dibekacin and 30mg of ribostamycin are respectively added into the three containers, after shaking up again, the microspheres for injection containing 30% of paromomycin, 30% of dibekacin and 30% of ribostamycin are prepared by a spray drying method. Suspending the dried microspheres in physiological saline containing 1.5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose to prepare the corresponding suspension type sustained-release injection. The viscosity of the injection is 500-650 cp (at 20-30 deg C). The slow release injection has the release time in vitro physiological saline of 7-15 days and the release time under the skin of a mouse of about 15-25 days.
Example 4
The steps of the method for processing the sustained-release injection are the same as the example 3, but the difference is that the contained antibacterial active ingredients and the weight percentage thereof are as follows: 2-50% of arbekacin, amikacin, aspartame, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, lividomycin, ribostamycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividomycin A, gentamicin, venemicin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vejimycin, sulomycin, flavomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, fusomycin, fusidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 5.
70mg of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc) is put into a container, 100 ml of dichloromethane is added to dissolve and mix evenly, 20mg of kanamycin and 10mg of livyimycin are added, and after shaking up again, the microspheres for injection containing 20% of kanamycin and 10% of livyimycin are prepared by a spray drying method. Then suspending the microspheres in injection containing 5-15% of sorbitol to prepare the corresponding suspension type sustained-release injection. The slow release injection has the release time in vitro physiological saline of 5-12 days and the release time under the skin of a mouse of about 14-22 days.
Example 6.
The procedure of the process for preparing a sustained-release injection is the same as in example 5, except that the antibacterial active ingredient contained therein is: 2-50% of arbekacin, amikacin, aspartame, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividycin A, gentamicin, venemicin, doxycycline, tobramycin, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vjinomycin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 7.
70mg of polifeprosan (p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP): Sebacic Acid (SA) 30: 70) copolymer is put into a container, 100 ml of dichloromethane is added, after the mixture is dissolved and mixed evenly, 30mg of tilmicosin or 30mg of netilmicin are added, after the mixture is shaken again, the microspheres for injection containing 30% of tilmicosin or 30% of netilmicin are prepared by a spray drying method. Then suspending the microspheres in physiological saline containing 1.5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5 percent of Tween 80 to prepare the corresponding suspension type sustained-release injection. The slow release injection has the release time in vitro physiological saline of 5-10 days and the release time under the skin of a mouse of about 10-20 days.
Example 8.
The procedure of the process for preparing a sustained-release injection is the same as in example 7, except that the antibacterial active ingredient contained therein is: 2-50% of arbekacin, amikacin, aspartame, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, lividomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividomycin A, gentamicin, wittigcin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vekyomycin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, clarithromycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 9
70mg of polifeprosan (p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP): Sebacic Acid (SA) 20: 80) copolymer is put into a container, 100 ml of dichloromethane is added, after dissolving and mixing uniformly, 15mg of tobramycin and 15mg of sisomicin are added, after shaking uniformly again, microspheres containing 15% of tobramycin and 15% of sisomicin for injection are prepared by a spray drying method. Then suspending the microspheres in physiological saline containing 1.5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 15 percent of sorbitol and 0.2 percent of Tween 80 to prepare the corresponding suspension type sustained-release injection. The slow release injection has a release time of 7-15 days in vitro physiological saline and a release time of about 20-30 days under the skin of a mouse.
Example 10
The procedure of the process for preparing a sustained-release injection is the same as in example 9, except that the antibacterial active ingredient contained therein is: 2-50% of arbekacin, amikacin, aspartame, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, lividomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividomycin A, gentamicin, wittigcin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vekyomycin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, clarithromycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 11
70mg of polifeprosan (p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP): Sebacic Acid (SA) 40: 60) copolymer is put into a container, 100 ml of dichloromethane is added, 30mg of etimicin is added after the mixture is dissolved and mixed evenly, and the mixture is shaken again and evenly to prepare the microspheres for injection containing 30% of etimicin by a spray drying method. Then the microspheres are prepared into the corresponding sustained-release implant by a tabletting method. The sustained-release implant has the drug release time of 7-15 days in-vitro physiological saline and the drug release time of about 20-30 days under the skin of a mouse.
Example 12
The procedure for preparing a sustained-release implant was the same as in example 11, except that the antibacterial active ingredient contained therein was: 10-30% of arbekacin, amikacin, aspartame, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, lividomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, lividycin A, gentamicin, netilmicin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, griseofulvin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, fusomycin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 13
Putting 85mg of polylactic acid (PLGA, 25: 75) with the molecular weight peak value of 15000 into a container, adding 100 ml of dichloromethane, dissolving and uniformly mixing, adding 15mg of Venetian, shaking up again, and preparing the microsphere for injection containing 15% of Venetian by using a spray drying method. Then the microspheres are prepared into the corresponding sustained-release implant by a tabletting method. The slow release implant has the release time of 10-15 days in vitro physiological saline and the release time of 15-20 days under the skin of a mouse.
Example 14
The steps of the method for processing the sustained-release implant are the same as those of the examples 11 and 13, but the difference is that the sustained-release implant comprises the following antibacterial active ingredients in percentage by weight: 20% of arbekacin, amikacin, aspartame, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, amikacin, lividomycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividomycin A, gentamicin, netilmicin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vjinomycin, salinomycin, flavomycin, tylomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, daunomycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or daptomycin.
Example 15
The procedure of processing into sustained release preparation is the same as that of examples 1-14, except that the sustained release excipient is one or a combination of the following:
a) polylactic acid (PLA) with the molecular weight peak value of 5000-10000, 10000-30000, 30000-60000, 60000-100000 or 100000-150000;
b) a copolymer (PLGA) of polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid with a peak molecular weight of 5000-10000, 10000-30000, 30000-60000, 60000-100000 or 100000-150000, wherein the ratio of the polyglycolic acid to the glycolic acid is 50-95: 50-50;
c) ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc);
d) p-carboxyphenylpropane (p-CPP) to Sebacic Acid (SA) copolymer (polifeprosan) 10: 90, 20: 80, 30: 70, 40: 60, 50: 50 or 60: 40;
e) a di-fatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer;
f) poly (erucic acid dimer-sebacic acid) copolymer;
g) poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid) copolymer;
h) xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, potassium salt, sodium salt, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin or albumin glue;
i) racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid or carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer.
Example 16
The procedure for preparing a sustained release injection is the same as in examples 1 to 10, except that the suspending agent used is one or a combination of the following:
a) 0.5-3.0% carboxymethylcellulose (sodium);
b) 5-15% mannitol;
c) 5-15% sorbitol;
d) 0.1-1.5% of surface active substances;
e) 0.1-0.5% tween 20;
f) (iodine) glycerol, dimethicone, propylene glycol or carbomer;
g) 0.5-5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.1-0.5% of Tween 80;
h) 5-20% of mannitol and 0.1-0.5% of Tween 80; or
i)0.5 to 5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 5 to 20 percent of sorbitol and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Tween 80.
The above examples are intended to illustrate, but not limit, the application of the invention.
The invention is disclosed and claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A sustained release preparation containing aminoglycoside antibiotics and its application are characterized in that the sustained release preparation is a sustained release injection and comprises the following components:
(A) a sustained release microsphere comprising:
aminoglycoside antibiotics 1-70%
Sustained release auxiliary materials 30-99%
0.0 to 30 percent of suspending agent
The above are weight percentages
And
(B) the solvent is common solvent or special solvent containing suspending agent.
Wherein,
the slow release auxiliary material is selected from one or the combination of the following materials:
a) polylactic acid;
b) copolymers of polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid;
c) polifeprosan;
d) ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers;
e) a di-fatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer;
f) poly (erucic acid dimer-sebacic acid) copolymer;
g) poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid) copolymer;
h) xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin or protein glue; or
i) Racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid or carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer.
The suspending agent has viscosity of 100-3000 cp (at 20-30 deg C), and is selected from one or more of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, iodoglycerol, simethicone, propylene glycol, carbomer, mannitol, sorbitol, surfactant, Tween-20, Tween-40, and Tween-80.
2. The sustained-release injection according to claim 1, wherein the sustained-release injection is used for effectively obtaining and maintaining the local effective drug concentration of the lesion while reducing the systemic distribution of the drug, and is used for treating acute and chronic infections of humans and animals caused by sensitive bacteria.
3. The sustained-release injection according to claim 1, wherein the aminoglycoside antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of arbekacin, amikacin, astemicin, paromomycin, dibekacin, ribostamycin, kanamycin B, amikacin B, bisdeoxykanamycin B, aminobutylkanamycin, lividycin, tilmicosin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, etimicin, lividycin A, gentamicin, wittigcin, doxycycline, micronomicin, isepamicin, isoproxacin, tylosin, vejimycin, sulomycin, flavomycin, tylosin, virginiamycin, saprolimus, fusidamycin, lidamycin, florfenicol, rifaximin or a salt or ester thereof.
4. The sustained-release injection according to claim 1, wherein the sustained-release excipient comprises:
a) the molecular weight peak value of the polylactic acid is selected from 5000-10000, 10000-30000, 300000-60000, 60000-100000 or 100000-150000;
b) in the copolymer of polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid, the ratio of polyglycolic acid to glycolic acid is 50-95: 50-50, and the peak value of molecular weight is 5000-10000, 10000-30000, 300000-60000, 60000-100000 or 100000-150000;
c) in polifeprosan, the ratio of p-carboxyphenylpropane to sebacic acid is 10: 90, 20: 80, 30: 70, 40: 60, 50: 50 or 60: 40.
5. A sustained-release injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the suspending agents used are each one of the following:
a) 0.5-3.0% carboxymethylcellulose (sodium);
b) 5-15% mannitol;
c) 5-15% sorbitol;
d) 0.1-1.5% of surface active substances;
e) 0.1-0.5% tween 20;
f) (iodine) glycerol, dimethicone, propylene glycol or carbomer;
g) 0.5-5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.1-0.5% of Tween 80;
h) 5-20% of mannitol and 0.1-0.5% of Tween 80; or
i)0.5 to 5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 5 to 20 percent of sorbitol and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Tween 80.
6. The sustained-release injection of claim 1, wherein the sustained-release microspheres in the sustained-release injection are used to prepare a sustained-release implant for reducing the systemic distribution of the drug while effectively obtaining and maintaining the local effective drug concentration at the lesion site, and for treating acute and chronic infections in humans and animals caused by sensitive bacteria.
7. The antibacterial sustained-release implant according to claim 6, wherein the weight percentage of the antibacterial active ingredient in the antibacterial sustained-release implant is 2-50%.
8. The antibacterial sustained-release implant according to claim 6, wherein the sustained-release excipient is selected from one or a combination of the following:
a) polylactic acid;
b) copolymers of polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid;
c) polifeprosan;
d) ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers;
e) a di-fatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer;
f) poly (erucic acid dimer-sebacic acid) copolymer;
g) poly (fumaric acid-sebacic acid) copolymer;
h) xylitol, oligosaccharide, chondroitin, chitin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin or protein glue;
i) 40-95% of racemic polylactic acid, racemic polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer, monomethyl polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid or carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid/glycollic acid copolymer.
9. The antibacterial sustained-release implant according to claim 8, wherein the sustained-release excipient comprises:
(1) the molecular weight peak value of the polylactic acid is selected from 5000-10000, 10000-30000, 300000-60000, 60000-100000 or 100000-150000;
(2) in the copolymer of polyglycolic acid and glycolic acid, the ratio of polyglycolic acid to glycolic acid is 50-95: 50-50, and the peak value of molecular weight is 5000-10000, 10000-30000, 300000-60000, 60000-100000 or 100000-150000;
(3) in polifeprosan, the ratio of p-carboxyphenylpropane to sebacic acid is 10: 90, 20: 80, 30: 70, 40: 60, 50: 50 or 60: 40.
10. The susceptible bacteria of claims 2 and 6 being staphylococcus, streptococcus, peptostreptococcus, propionibacterium acnes, escherichia coli, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, proteus, morganella, providencia, haemophilus influenzae, bacteroides, tubercle bacillus, gonococcus or meningococcus; the acute and chronic infection is folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle, infective impetigo herpetifomis, erysipelas, cellulitis, lymphangitis, suppurative paronychia, subcutaneous abscess, hidradenitis, infective atheroma, chronic abscess, intraperitoneal abscess, intrathoracic abscess, appendicitis, mastitis, mammary abscess, perianal abscess, secondary infection such as trauma or operative wound, pharyngolaryngitis, laryngopharyngeal abscess, acute and chronic bronchitis, tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, bronchiectasis complicated infection, chronic respiratory system disease secondary infection, pneumonia, lung suppuration, otitis media, sinusitis, renal abscess, perivisceral abscess, pyelonephritis, cystitis, cholecystitis, hepatic abscess, adnexitis, intrauterine infection, bartholinitis, blepharitis, hordeolum, dacryocystitis, blepharitis, lymphadenitis, lymp, Periodontitis, pericoronitis, maxinitis, arthritis, joint abscess, osteomyelitis, tuberculous abscess, suppurative meningitis, chronic osteomyelitis, severe decubital ulcer, intractable skin ulcer, diabetic foot, femoral head necrosis and senile prostatitis.
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CN102464682A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | 北京大学 | Aminoglycoside compound, and synthesis method and application thereof |
CN102740860A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2012-10-17 | 公益财团法人微生物化学研究会 | Read through inducer, and therapeutic agent for nonsense-mutation-type genetic diseases |
WO2013071456A3 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-08-01 | Universidad De Santiago De Chile | Injectable veterinary composition for sustained release of ceftiofur and florfenicol in animal species, which comprises poly(lacticcoglycolic acid) (plga) microparticles, and the method for the preparation thereof |
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CN102740860A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2012-10-17 | 公益财团法人微生物化学研究会 | Read through inducer, and therapeutic agent for nonsense-mutation-type genetic diseases |
CN102740860B (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2014-11-19 | 公益财团法人微生物化学研究会 | Read through inducer, and therapeutic agent for nonsense-mutation-type genetic diseases |
US9358246B2 (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2016-06-07 | Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation | Readthrough inducing agent and drug for treating genetic disease caused by nonsense mutation |
CN102464682A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | 北京大学 | Aminoglycoside compound, and synthesis method and application thereof |
WO2013071456A3 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-08-01 | Universidad De Santiago De Chile | Injectable veterinary composition for sustained release of ceftiofur and florfenicol in animal species, which comprises poly(lacticcoglycolic acid) (plga) microparticles, and the method for the preparation thereof |
CN106974926A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-25 | 牡丹江医学院 | It is a kind of to be used to treat pharmaceutical composition of pressure sore and its production and use |
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