CN1828084A - Axial precompression method for combined ball hinged rubber elastic element and product obtained thereby - Google Patents
Axial precompression method for combined ball hinged rubber elastic element and product obtained thereby Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a axial pre-compress method of integrated ball hinged rubber flexible element and relative product, which comprises a metallic sheath, a flexible rubber element, a metallic inner sheath and a core axle. It is characterize in that: metallic sheath, flexible rubber element and the metallic inner sheath are independent two-section integrated structures, which are connected along the axle on the core axle; the flexible rubber pre-compress stress is realized by adjusting the axial position between the metallic sheath and the metallic inner sheath. And said stress can be formed by the axial separated two sections axially compress the metallic inner sheath and adjust the axial position of metallic inner sheath on the core pin.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of assembling method of damping means, be meant the assembling method of ball hinged rubber elastic element product especially, be mainly used in the rubber elastic element that the bogie of various kinds of vehicles vehicle uses, also go for the position that any damping elastomer such as engineering machinery connects simultaneously.The invention still further relates to the product of this kind method.
Background technique
Ball hinged rubber elastic element is the compound damping element of using always of a kind of rubber-metal, can be widely used in various vibration dampings place, especially uses very general in the bogie of rolling stock.When ball hinged rubber elastic element is installed, in order to improve the usability of ball hinged rubber elastic element, artificial some the precompression stress of making of many elastic element parts to ball hinged rubber elastic element.Existing ball hinged rubber elastic element all is to adopt the overcoat radial compression to increase the precompression stress of elastic element, but the overcoat of existing ball hinged rubber elastic element all is the rigidity overcoat, if complete overcoat, wanting distortion by the rigidity overcoat, to come for elastomer provides precompression stress be the comparison difficulty.So just there are scientific and technical personnel to propose the integrated type outer steel sleeve is used instead the shell of split, though to compress be easily to overcoat like this, can will occur again because of the non-full circle of overcoat, and it is inconsistent to produce stress, and be prone to the problem of decentraction after press-fiting, to both cause being difficult to the control pressure assembling force like this, again can stress inconsistent and be created in the phenomenon of local fatigue in service.Therefore existing split rubber-metal spherical hinge still can not reach satisfied effect.In addition, owing to be subjected to the restriction of conditions such as bogie system, node cover product structure, the ball hinged rubber elastic element product of domestic original exploitation, desirable Rigidity Matching can not be provided, especially the boundary dimension when product is bigger, and radial rigidity requires when very little, satisfy these and require just more difficult.These show through loading operation result for many years, existing ball hinged rubber elastic element product exists quality problems really, it is destroyed that product does not reach driving working life of 800,000 kilometers, Guangzhou-Shenzhen railway joint-stock company presentation package in 2003: wide dark vehicle division department begins to adopt the passenger vehicle that CW-2 type bogie is housed to take on operations task between one Shenzhen, Yueyang from October calendar year 2001, over 1 year, 14 spring fracture faults have taken place in this batch vehicle altogether, be to cause by analysis owing to its rubber-metal spherical hinge is of serious failure, wherein precompression Stress Control is inaccurate, the vulcanization of rubber is irregular to be maximum problem, this has caused bad hidden danger to traffic safety, has had a strong impact on the riding quality of passenger train.In order to improve this product, the researcher has carried out repeatedly improving, but all consider from whole ball pivot, its precompression is all considered from the rigidity overcoat, especially to the rubber part of rubber-metal spherical hinge, mainly just consider the structure shape that it is whole, whole rubber layer once vulcanizes and becomes one, but the rubber layer of this integrative-structure is because the rubber layer axial dimension is big, be difficult to so guarantee to vulcanize fully evenly, often be prone to the inner rubber non-uniform phenomenon, this just must stay bad hidden danger to product, so the utmost point is waited to improve.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency at existing ball hinged rubber elastic element, provide a kind of ball hinged rubber elastic element precompression convenient, the unbalanced stress that produces is even little, and the concentricity height is easy to control the assembling method of the new-typed ball bearing rubber elastic element of pre compressed magnitude again.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of product of implementing according to said method.This product has that the vulcanization of rubber is more even, and Rigidity Matching is better, the characteristics of longer service life.
According to purpose of the present invention, the technology implementation scheme that is proposed is: a kind of ball hinged rubber elastic element, comprise metal-coating, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve and mandrel, its characteristics are the metal-coating of ball hinged rubber elastic element, elastic rubbery body and inner metal sleeve are separate two section type composite structure, whole ball hinged rubber elastic element is by two metal-coatings independently, elastic rubbery body, the elastomer that inner metal sleeve constitutes axially combines on mandrel, and the elastic rubbery body precompression stress of ball hinged rubber elastic element is realized by adjusting the mutual axial position of metal-coating and inner metal sleeve.Elastic rubbery body precompression stress can be that inner metal sleeve is two sections of axial separation, by the axial compression inner metal sleeve, adjusts the axial position of inner metal sleeve on mandrel and produces elastic rubbery body precompression stress.
The structure of its product is: ball hinged rubber elastic element comprises metal-coating, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve and mandrel, elastic rubbery body is between metal-coating and inner metal sleeve, and the outer surface and the metal-coating of elastic rubbery body bond together, the internal surface and the inner metal sleeve of elastic rubbery body bond together, inner metal sleeve tightly is enclosed within on the mandrel, its characteristics are the metal-coating of ball hinged rubber elastic element, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve all is axial two section type structure, metal-coating, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve all is divided into independently two halves, constitute the two halves elastomer, and two halves elastic rubbery body and inner metal sleeve are axially discontinuous two segment structures, between elastic rubbery body and inner metal sleeve two sections the air insulated section are arranged.And every section curved arc shape or kink shape that elastic rubbery body can be non axial straight line shape, the curvature of its curved arc or bending angle can be according to the requirement adjustment of the required diameter of axle to ratio of rigidity, and arc angle or bending angle are 90 °-160 °.The footpath of ball hinged rubber elastic element, axle ratio of rigidity are 1: 1-5: about 1.In addition, match for " rim of the mouth " at two segment interface places of metal-coating, it is step-like that mandrel can become where necessary, bears the ability of thrust load with raising.
Ball hinged rubber elastic element of the present invention is formed by two separate elastomer combinations, at axial direction rubber is discontinuous (tangible cleaved facet is arranged), and non-integral, whole ball pivot has four rubber free surface, thereby can more effective reduction radial rigidity.And ball pivot is mainly adjusted the size and the ratio of radial and axial rigidity by the angle of cover and overcoat inside in regulating.Can regulate in bigger scope, can design very for a short time in case of necessity, thereby can obtain less radial rigidity and bigger axial rigidity, practice shows, this structure can realize 5: 1 even little footpath, axle ratio of rigidity by 1: 1 easily.And conventional construction often is subjected to the restriction in space, and following footpath, axle ratio of rigidity almost were inconceivable in 3: 1.To obtain precompressed approach also more special for rubber part in this ball pivot: each elastomeric inside and outside axial design that is enclosed within has a height difference Δ, after two elastomers are pressed into mandrel, this height difference can be eliminated (Δ=0), this just means and between this inside and outside cover relative movement can take place, thereby make rubber obtain precompression, because the modulus of compression of rubber is three times in shear modulus, will further realize bigger axial rigidity and less radial rigidity like this.Even realized 5: 1 or littler footpath, axle ratio of rigidity in, ball pivot also has extraordinary fatigue behaviour, reason is that the rubber profile of new structure can design relatively more smoothly, thickness is even, avoided conventional construction in order to realize little footpath, axle ratio of rigidity the time, very large overcoat of the abrupt change of cross-section of being adopted and mandrel structure and the serious stress concentration that causes.
Accompanying drawing and explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the preceding structural representation of one embodiment of the invention combination;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
Among the figure: 1, ball hinged rubber elastic element; 2, metal-coating; 3, elastic rubbery body; 4, inner metal sleeve; 5, mandrel; 6, air insulated section; 7, interface; 8, elastomer; 9, elastomer.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment one
From accompanying drawing as can be seen, ball hinged rubber elastic element 1 comprises metal-coating 2, elastic rubbery body 3, inner metal sleeve 4 and mandrel 5, elastic rubbery body 3 is between metal-coating 2 and inner metal sleeve 4, and the outer surface of elastic rubbery body 3 and metal-coating 2 bond together, the internal surface of elastic rubbery body 3 and inner metal sleeve 4 bond together, inner metal sleeve 4 tightly is enclosed within on the mandrel 5 by interference fit, its characteristics are that the elastic rubbery body 3 precompression stress of ball hinged rubber elastic element 1 are to adopt a kind of axial compression that precompression stress is provided, the metal-coating 2 of ball hinged rubber elastic element 1, elastic rubbery body 3, inner metal sleeve 4 is separate two section type composite structure, earlier with inner metal sleeve 4, two elastomers 8 and 9 about metal-coating 2 and elastic rubbery body 3 overall sulfur change into, again two elasticity 8 and 9 are pressed into mandrel 5 by interference fit, thereby form a complete ball pivot.Elastic rubbery body precompression stress was axial compression inner metal sleeve 4, adjusted inner metal sleeve 4 and produced elastic rubbery body precompression stress at the axial position of mandrel 5.Simultaneously, the metal-coating 2 of ball hinged rubber elastic element 1 and elastic rubbery body 3 also all are axial two section type structure, and elastic rubbery body 3 is axially discontinuous two segment structures with inner metal sleeve 4, between elastic rubbery body 3 and inner metal sleeve 4 two sections air insulated section 6 is arranged.In addition, every section curved arc shape or kink shape that elastic rubbery body can be non axial straight line shape, the arc angle of its curved arc or bending angle A or B are 90 °.Can obtain like this than higher axial rigidity, the footpath of ball hinged rubber elastic element, axle ratio of rigidity can reach about 1: 1.In addition, match for " rim of the mouth " at two segment interfaces, 7 places of metal-coating 2, it is step-like that mandrel 5 can become where necessary, bears the ability of thrust load with raising.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two is the same with embodiment one structure, be every section elastic rubbery body can be the curved arc shape or the kink shape of non axial straight line shape, the arc angle of its curved arc or bending angle A or B are 160 °, and the footpath of ball hinged rubber elastic element, axle ratio of rigidity can reach about 5: 1.Can obtain than higher radial rigidity like this.
Embodiment three
Embodiment three is the same with embodiment one structure, be every section elastic rubbery body can be the curved arc shape or the kink shape of non axial straight line shape, the arc angle of its curved arc or bending angle A or B are 120 °, and the footpath of ball hinged rubber elastic element, axle ratio of rigidity are for reaching about 3: 1.Can obtain more uniform radial and axial rigidity like this.
Claims (8)
1, the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element, belong to ball hinged rubber elastic element, comprise metal-coating, elastic rubbery body, inner metal sleeve and mandrel, the metal-coating that it is characterized in that ball hinged rubber elastic element, elastic rubbery body and inner metal sleeve are separate two section type composite structure, whole ball hinged rubber elastic element is by two metal-coatings independently, elastic rubbery body, the elastomer that inner metal sleeve constitutes axially combines on mandrel, and the elastic rubbery body precompression stress of ball hinged rubber elastic element is realized by adjusting the mutual axial position of metal-coating and inner metal sleeve.
2, the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that elastic rubbery body precompression stress is two elastomers (8) and (9) about elder generation changes into inner metal sleeve (4), metal-coating (2) and elastic rubbery body (3) overall sulfur, again two elasticity (8) and (9) are pressed into mandrel (5) by interference fit, by the axial compression inner metal sleeve, adjust the axial position of inner metal sleeve on mandrel and produce elastic rubbery body precompression stress.
3, the product of the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 1, comprise metal-coating (2), elastic rubbery body (3), inner metal sleeve (4) and mandrel (5), elastic rubbery body (3) is positioned between metal-coating (2) and the inner metal sleeve (4), and the outer surface of elastic rubbery body (3) and metal-coating (2) bond together, the internal surface of elastic rubbery body (3) and inner metal sleeve (4) bond together, inner metal sleeve (4) tightly is enclosed within on the mandrel (5) by interference fit, it is characterized in that: metal-coating (2), elastic rubbery body (3), inner metal sleeve (4) is the two section type composite structure, inner metal sleeve (4), two elastomers independently about metal-coating (2) and elastic rubbery body (3) overall sulfur change into, two elastomers and mandrel (5) tighten together by interference fit.
4, the product of the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described elastic rubbery body (3) is axially discontinuous two segment structures with inner metal sleeve (4), between elastic rubbery body (3) and inner metal sleeve (4) two sections air insulated section (6) is arranged.
5, the product of the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: every section elastic rubbery body of described elastic rubbery body (3) is the curved arc shape or the kink shape of non axial straight line shape, and the footpath of ball hinged rubber elastic element, axle ratio of rigidity are 5: 1-1: 1.
6, the product of the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the arc angle of described elastic rubbery body (3) curved arc or bending angle (A, B) are 90 °-160 °.
7, the product of the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: two segment interfaces (7) of described metal-coating (2) are located to match for " rim of the mouth ".
8, the product of the axial precompression method of a kind of combined ball hinged rubber elastic element as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described mandrel (5) is being step-like.
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| CN101852263A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2010-10-06 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Spherical hinge rubber elastic element rigidity changing method, and rubber elastic element and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106627638A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting thickness of rubber layers to prevent axle box bearing from being abraded and tumbler joints |
| CN107606052A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-19 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Vibration damping support device |
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