CN1827349A - Method for manufacturing strengthening ring of commutator - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing strengthening ring of commutator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1827349A CN1827349A CN 200610050356 CN200610050356A CN1827349A CN 1827349 A CN1827349 A CN 1827349A CN 200610050356 CN200610050356 CN 200610050356 CN 200610050356 A CN200610050356 A CN 200610050356A CN 1827349 A CN1827349 A CN 1827349A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- commutator
- manufacture method
- resin
- organic solvent
- phenolic resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing reinforced ring of commutator. The invention uses pnenolic aldehyde resin solidifying agent to replace acid anhydride agent used in present reinforced ring, to realize more safe solidifying reaction with the epoxy resin, and avoid the resin-leakage defect in high temperature and improve the resistant temperature of product above 350Deg. C. In addition, it uses blast drying technique and pre-coiling technique to improve the stability of each property of product, reduce the disqualification rate and reduce the producing cost 10-20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electronic apparatus insulating materials and make the field, especially, the manufacture method that relates to a kind of strengthening ring for commutator, strengthening ring for commutator by this method manufacturing, can be at the reinforcement effect of still keeping more than 350 ℃ commutator, stop " strike-through " phenomenon in the commutator sintering procedure and " film flying " phenomenon in the use.
Background technology
The commutator of motor is generally formed alternately by commutator segment and mica sheet, and the structure of itself is more loose.For motor can be worked under high rotational speed, necessarily require commutator to have excellent mechanical intensity, to bear the huge centrifugal force that motor is produced when running up.Therefore, must use suitable material that commutator is carried out consolidation process; Otherwise, in use produce " film flying " phenomenon of commutator segment explosion easily, cause whole motor to be scrapped.
Commutator is carried out consolidation process, and common way is in the axial inboard of commutator reinforcing ring to be set.What adopt previously is steel material reinforcing ring (Chinese invention patent application number 99103798.7), though mechanical strength is good, on-insulated, phenomenon easily is short-circuited; Invented the combined type reinforcing ring system (Chinese invention patent application number 96180521.8) that dead ring matches with becket subsequently again, mechanical strength and insulating properties are all fine, but this patent only provides the structure of each reinforcing ring, can be for using for reference and there is not manufacture method.Chinese invention patent application number 02112020.X and 200410032030.7 adopts the epoxy resin composite glass fiber to make strengthening ring for commutator, and insulating properties are fine, and mechanical strength and heat resistance also can meet the demands basically; Simultaneously, at adopt " flake rod die methods " make the existing technology of reinforcing ring loaded down with trivial details, be awkward the defective low with production efficiency, Chinese invention patent application number 200510023210.3 has been done further improvement again, adopt " rod iron die methods " replacement " flake rod die methods ", production technology has been simplified much, and properties of product have also obtained certain raising.From current market both domestic and external, this class adopts the reinforcing ring product of epoxy resin composite glass fiber material manufacturing progressively to become leading.
Yet the strengthening ring for commutator product except mechanical strength and insulating properties requirement, also must require to have heat resistance, simultaneously to bear the work high temperature that the motor high speed rotating is produced.At present, the working speed of some motor Related products is more and more higher, and the high temperature that is produced is also constantly soaring thereupon, this just require the also corresponding thereupon raising of heat resistance of supporting strengthening ring for commutator.For example, present popular dust catcher series products on the market, the working speed of its motor are promoted to 60,000 rev/mins from previous 20,000 rev/mins, and the work high temperature that is produced in the commutator is also brought up to about 350 ℃ from previous about 250 ℃.Therefore, for being complementary of the motor product that keeps having improved, must develop strengthening ring for commutator product with better heat resistance with working speed.
Meanwhile, above-mentioned three Chinese invention patents (application number is respectively 02112020.X, 200410032030.7 and 200510023210.3) technology has all adopted acid anhydride type curing agent 304 or 504, as the curing agent of epoxy resin F46 or F51.Even adopt the back to solidify means such as processing or interpolation promoter, it is complete that the curing reaction between acid anhydride type curing agent and the epoxy resin also is difficult to reach but as everyone knows; Simultaneously because the composition of raw material that the hygroscopicity (particularly plum rain season) of acid anhydride type curing agent causes variation causes the performance difference between the reinforcing ring product batches that has adopted anhydride curing agent very big, low when high during product rejection rate.More serious is, when adding inserts high temperature (250～350 ℃) is fired commutator, uncured acid anhydride type curing agent completely in the reinforcing ring product, also can and the inserts of some commutator such as phenolic moulding powder between chemical reaction takes place, produce so-called " strike-through " phenomenon, cause commutator even whole motor to be scrapped.In fact, because main use is acid anhydride type curing agent, the heat resistance of strengthening ring for commutator product is difficult to really reach 300～350 ℃, " strike-through " phenomenon that is easy to produce when temperature surpasses 300 ℃.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is " strike-through " phenomenon and the not good defective of heat resistance that are easy to generate at existing strengthening ring for commutator, the manufacture method of the better strengthening ring for commutator of a kind of hear resistance of having stopped " strike-through " phenomenon is provided.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of manufacture method of strengthening ring for commutator comprises the steps:
(1) phenolic resin curative is dissolved among the organic solvent, proportionally adds epoxy resin then, make resin glue after mixing;
(2) with glass fibre preimpregnation process resin glue, be introduced into blast drier subsequently, by drier the time, the organic solvent volatilization eliminated;
(3) will twine from the glass fibre that is soaked with resin glue that blast drier comes out on the online tube, make compound tube yarn;
(4) by coner compound tube yarn is untied, be wrapped in again on the metal bar that uses as mould, put into the baking oven intensification and solidify;
(5) use grinding machine to grind external diameter and afterwards metal bar is extracted out, make epoxy resin/glass fibre composite hollow pipe;
(6) use numerical control cutting machine that hollow pipe is downcut piecewise, further the curing of heating back is handled, and promptly makes the strengthening ring for commutator product after the polishing.
Further, in the described step (1), the molecular weight ranges of described phenolic resin curative is 500～1000 dalton; The phenolic resin curative weight of described adding is 25%～65% of weight epoxy; Described organic solvent is methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone; The weight that described organic solvent adds is 0.5～2 times of phenolic resin curative weight; In the described step (2), the leaving air temp of described blast drier is controlled between 80～150 ℃.
Compare with the manufacturing technology of existing strengthening ring for commutator product, have following advantage by manufacturing technology provided by the present invention: 1) prescription is more reasonable, replace acid anhydride type curing agent owing to use phenolic resin curative instead, curing reaction can be more complete, improve the product heat resistance, stopped product " strike-through " defective at high temperature; 2) technology is more advanced, by adopting forced air drying technology and winding technology in advance, both guaranteed the good infiltration of glass fibre, during postscript, removed organic solvent up hill and dale to resin glue, increase substantially the stability of the every performance of product, thereby reduced the disqualification rate of product; 3) production cost is lower, and phenolic resin curative is generally than acid anhydride type curing agent low price, thus the working life of Pei Zhi resin glue also longer, the wastage of material that technological improvement in addition reduced, production cost has reduced by 10%～20%.
The specific embodiment
The acid anhydride type curing agent that patented technology was generally used before the present invention replaced with phenolic resin curative is mixed with resin glue with epoxy resin, and is compound with glass fibre again, twine, solidify, make the strengthening ring for commutator product after the cutting.Because the curing reaction between phenolic resins and the epoxy resin can reach fully, therefore can stop " strike-through " phenomenon of strengthening ring for commutator product, thereby improve the heat resistance of product, do not reduce the mechanical strength and the insulating properties of product simultaneously.
Commutator of the present invention comprises the steps: that with the manufacture method of heat-resisting reinforcing ring (1) earlier is dissolved in phenolic resin curative among the organic solvent, proportionally adds epoxy resin then, makes resin glue after mixing; (2) with glass fibre preimpregnation process resin glue, be introduced into blast drier subsequently, by drier the time, the organic solvent volatilization eliminated; (3) will twine from the glass fibre that is soaked with resin glue that blast drier comes out on the online tube, make compound tube yarn; (4) by coner compound tube yarn is untied, be wrapped in again on the metal bar that uses as mould, put into the baking oven intensification and solidify; (5) use grinding machine to grind external diameter and afterwards metal bar is extracted out, make epoxy resin/glass fibre composite hollow pipe; (6) use numerical control cutting machine that hollow pipe is downcut piecewise, further heating, back curing are handled, and promptly make the strengthening ring for commutator product after the polishing.
The epoxy resin that is adopted is common line style phenol formaldehyde (PF) epoxy resin (abbreviating novolac epoxy resin as) or its modified product, its epoxide number should be controlled at 0.40～0.80 mole of epoxide equivalent of every 100g resin, preferably is controlled at 0.50～0.60 mole of epoxide equivalent of every 100g resin; Can consider to select for use model is the epoxy resin of the industrial trades mark such as F44, F46, F48, F51, F54 or F76, preferentially selects F51 and F54 epoxy resin for use.In order to reach preferable curing reaction effect, the weight ratio of employed epoxy resin and phenolic resin curative should be controlled between 1: 0.25～1: 0.65, is preferably 1: 0.35～1: 0.45.
The phenolic resin curative that is adopted can be a thermosetting phenolic resin, also can be novolac resin (being called linear phenol-aldehyde resin again); In order to prevent from when heating removes organic solvent, to cause the curing reaction between epoxy resin and the curing agent, pay the utmost attention to and select for use novolac resin to make curing agent.Simultaneously, in order to increase the viscosity of the solubility of curing agent in organic solvent and reduction resin glue, the molecular weight ranges of the phenolic resin curative that is adopted should be 500～1000 dalton, is preferably 500～700 dalton.
Phenolic resin curative is solid-state at normal temperatures, in order to mix and reduce the viscosity of mixture with epoxy resin, should use appropriate organic solvent to dissolve phenolic resin curative.The boiling point of the organic solvent of employed dissolving phenolic resin curative is no more than 100 ℃ (under normal pressures), is preferably in below 80 ℃; Can consider to select for use industrial organic solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, pay the utmost attention to and select industry anhydrous ethanol for use, dissolve phenolic resin curative, but the moisture in these organic solvents should be controlled at below 1%, muddiness and solid insoluble occur to prevent solution.The selected organic solvent and the weight ratio of phenolic resin curative should be controlled between 1: 2～2: 1, are preferably 1: 1.Can not be dissolved in fully among the organic solvent as phenolic resin curative at normal temperatures, can be heated to the organic solvent reflux temperature, and promote phenolic resin curative to dissolve fully by stirring.
In order to guarantee the flowability of resin glue, to satisfy the effect of impregnation may to glass fibre, glass fibre should be selected non-twist glass fiber yarn for use, and the temperature of described resin glue should be controlled at 35～75 ℃, is preferably 55～65 ℃.
The power of the blast drier that is adopted should be regulated, so that realize the accurate control to intake and leaving air temp.Blast drier should be selected for use and be tubular structure, and its efficient drying length is 2～6 meters, is preferably 4～5 meters; The leaving air temp of blast drier should be controlled between 80～150 ℃, is preferably 100～120 ℃.Described line tube drives by controlled speed motor, should control its rotating speed, and the time of staying of glass fiber yarn in blast drier that is soaked with resin glue in advance was not less than 5 seconds.
The described metal bar that uses as mould can be stainless steel bar or copper rod, and its external diameter is identical with the internal diameter of the reinforcing ring product of manufacturing; And outer surface has solidified the metal bar of resin glue/glassfiber composite, its external diameter accurately is milled to identical with the external diameter of reinforcing ring product by grinding machine.
Described outer surface is wound with the intensification curing process of the metal bar of resin glue/glassfiber composite, and solidification temperature is 120～250 ℃, and be 5～12 hours hardening time; The back curing process of the described reinforcing ring product that downcuts by cutting machine, solidification temperature is 200～350 ℃, be 3～10 hours hardening time.
Below by the specific embodiment the present invention is further explained explanation.
Embodiment 1: adopt the novolac resin curing agent
Getting molecular weight distribution is 1.8 kilograms of 500～700 daltonian thermoplastic novolac phenolic resin, adds 2.0 kilograms of industry anhydrous ethanols, is heated to about 60 ℃, stirs 2 hours, and solid dissolves fully; Add 4.0 kilograms of the F54 epoxy resin of preheating again, still in about 60 ℃, mixed 2 hours, make resin glue; Drive the running of line tube by motor, make non-twist glass fiber yarn successively through filling the hopper and the tubular type blast drier of resin glue, and twine on the online tube, turn to compound tube yarn in advance; The temperature of hopper is 60 ℃, and the linear velocity that the line tube rotates is 0.6 meter per second, and the efficient drying length of drier is 4.2 meters, and the leaving air temp of drier is 140 ℃; Prepared compound tube yarn used within 24 hours, by coner compound yarn was untied, and was wrapped in overall diameter again and was on 20.7 millimeters the polishing stainless steel bar, and the length of stainless steel bar is 1.2 meters, and its outer surface is coated with releasing agent in advance; The stainless steel bar that twines compound tube yarn is put into the baking oven internal heating curing, and 140 ℃ are incubated 2 hours, and 180 ℃ are incubated 6 hours, and 220 ℃ are incubated 2 hours; Allow rod iron cool off naturally in baking oven, take out the back and by precision grinder its overall diameter is milled to 24.7 millimeters, take out stainless steel bar after the demoulding, obtain hollow pipe, use numerical control cutting machine that hollow pipe is downcut piecewise, every thickness is 2.0 millimeters; The gained section is collected in together, put into baking oven heating, back curing processing once more, 250 ℃ are incubated 4 hours, 280 insulations 2 hours, cooling after washing polishing naturally in baking oven, promptly getting specification is the strengthening ring for commutator product of 23.6 * 20.7 * 2 millimeters (external diameter * internal diameters * width).
Product was fired 10 hours for 350 ℃ among inserts is inserted commutator, tested 200 reinforcing ring products simultaneously, did not find " strike-through " phenomenon.The tensile property test result shows that the tension load of product is 8500 ± 500 newton, and arithmetic average tension load is about 8400 newton, concrete test result (probe temperature is 25 ℃) as shown in the table:
| The sample sequence number | Tension load (newton) |
| 1 | 8230.72 |
| 2 | 8948.93 |
| 3 | 8689.67 |
| 4 | 8034.65 |
| 5 | 8068.42 |
| 6 | 8008.93 |
| 7 | 8645.32 |
| 8 | 8356.74 |
| 9 | 8879.61 |
The comparative example 1: adopt acid anhydride type curing agent
With reference to the described reinforcing ring manufacture method of Chinese invention patent (application number 200410032030.7), take by weighing 4.0 kilograms of the F51 epoxy resin of preheating, add 3.4 kilograms of 504 anhydride curing agents again, stirred 2 hours about 45 ℃, make resin glue; Select non-twist glass fiber yarn same as the previously described embodiments for use, immerse among the glue groove of the ring winding machine that is added with resin glue, motor drives ring winding machine, has the glass fiber yarn of resin glue to be wound on the flake rod infiltration; Again the flake rod that winds is put into the baking oven internal heating curing, 140 ℃ are incubated 2 hours, and 180 ℃ are incubated 6 hours, and 220 ℃ are incubated 2 hours; Allow flake rod cooling naturally in baking oven, unclamp flake rod, the ring crude product that strengthened after the demoulding is collected crude product, uses fine turning lathe with its overall diameter car to 24.7 millimeter; To put among the baking oven through the crude product that machined into is crossed once more, the back curing that heats up is handled, 240 ℃ are incubated 6 hours, cooling after washing polishing naturally in baking oven, promptly getting specification is the strengthening ring for commutator product of 23.6 * 20.7 * 2 millimeters (external diameter * internal diameters * width), and its outward appearance and embodiment products obtained therefrom are as good as.
Product was fired 10 hours for 300 ℃ among inserts is inserted commutator, tested 200 reinforcing ring products simultaneously, found 13 examples " strike-through " phenomenon; Fired 10 hours for 350 ℃, test 200 reinforcing ring products simultaneously, find 37 examples " strike-through " phenomenon.The tensile property test result shows that the tension load of product is 7300 ± 550 newton, and arithmetic average tension load is about 7300 newton, concrete test result such as following table listed (probe temperature is 25 ℃):
| The sample sequence number | Tension load (newton) |
| 1 | 7608.94 |
| 2 | 7137.89 |
| 3 | 7543.21 |
| 4 | 7238.78 |
| 5 | 6859.02 |
| 6 | 6754.68 |
| 7 | 7834.67 |
| 8 | 7523.90 |
| 9 | 7456.81 |
| 10 | 7102.49 |
The foregoing description is to be used for explaining and to illustrate of the present invention, rather than limits the invention, and within the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention has done all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the manufacture method of a strengthening ring for commutator is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) phenolic resin curative is dissolved among the organic solvent, proportionally adds epoxy resin then, make resin glue after mixing.
(2) with glass fibre preimpregnation process resin glue, be introduced into blast drier subsequently, by drier the time, the organic solvent volatilization eliminated.
(3) will twine from the glass fibre that is soaked with resin glue that blast drier comes out on the online tube, make compound tube yarn.
(4) by coner compound tube yarn is untied, be wrapped in again on the metal bar that uses as mould, put into the baking oven intensification and solidify.
(5) use grinding machine to grind external diameter and afterwards metal bar is extracted out, make epoxy resin/glass fibre composite hollow pipe.
(6) use numerical control cutting machine that hollow pipe is downcut piecewise, further the curing of heating back is handled, and promptly makes the strengthening ring for commutator product after the polishing.
2. manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the molecular weight ranges of described phenolic resin curative is 500～1000 dalton.
3. manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the phenolic resin curative weight of described adding is 25%～65% of weight epoxy.
4. manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (1), described organic solvent is methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone.
5. manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the weight that described organic solvent adds is 0.5～2 times of phenolic resin curative weight.
6. manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (2), the leaving air temp of described blast drier is controlled between 80～150 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100503561A CN100453299C (en) | 2006-04-14 | 2006-04-14 | Method for manufacturing strengthening ring of commutator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100503561A CN100453299C (en) | 2006-04-14 | 2006-04-14 | Method for manufacturing strengthening ring of commutator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1827349A true CN1827349A (en) | 2006-09-06 |
| CN100453299C CN100453299C (en) | 2009-01-21 |
Family
ID=36945993
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100503561A Expired - Fee Related CN100453299C (en) | 2006-04-14 | 2006-04-14 | Method for manufacturing strengthening ring of commutator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100453299C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601988A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-25 | 宁波市江北宏菱绝缘材料厂 | Manufacturing method for strengthening ring for reverser |
| CN102924873A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 宁波市江北宏菱绝缘材料厂（普通合伙） | High-strength reverser reinforcing ring |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1207401A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-02-10 | 无锡市化工研究设计院 | Process for preparing reinforced epoxy molding compound for commutator |
| JP2003292723A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Phenol resin molding material for commutator |
| CN1238932C (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2006-01-25 | 孙马玉 | Method for manufacturing high-strength stiffening ring of commutator |
| JP3762914B2 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2006-04-05 | 俊光 小林 | Manufacturing method of resin ring |
| CN1585212A (en) * | 2004-03-28 | 2005-02-23 | 叶云弟 | Manufacturing method for high-temperature resistant reinforced ring of commutator |
| CN100484741C (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2009-05-06 | 孙马玉 | Method for manufacturing strengthening ring for commutator |
-
2006
- 2006-04-14 CN CNB2006100503561A patent/CN100453299C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601988A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-25 | 宁波市江北宏菱绝缘材料厂 | Manufacturing method for strengthening ring for reverser |
| CN102924873A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 宁波市江北宏菱绝缘材料厂（普通合伙） | High-strength reverser reinforcing ring |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100453299C (en) | 2009-01-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104672782B (en) | A kind of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material core and its manufacture method | |
| CN104559066B (en) | Hot melt prepreg intermediate temperature setting composition epoxy resin and preparation method thereof | |
| CN100564448C (en) | A kind of method for preparing molded epoxy resin sheet and products thereof | |
| CN103497484B (en) | Gao Mo, high-strength, high heat-resisting polyformaldehyde composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105419229B (en) | A kind of hollow combined insulator winding pipe and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104558526B (en) | The preparation method of hot melt prepreg medium temperature fast-curing epoxy resin composition | |
| CN102899738B (en) | Method for preparing superfine phenolic fibre | |
| CN1778490A (en) | Bed die of large thermal-pressure mould and its production thereof | |
| CN106158170A (en) | The preparation method of core rod of insulator | |
| CN113232384A (en) | Continuous long fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite board and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN100453299C (en) | Method for manufacturing strengthening ring of commutator | |
| CN107415286A (en) | It is a kind of can on-line tuning tension force fibre reinforced composites melt impregnation device and preparation method | |
| CN112852133B (en) | Anti-droplet PLA/PVA composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN100481652C (en) | Method for processing commutator strengthening ring | |
| CN112048151A (en) | Resin composition for preparing aramid composite core by pultrusion process | |
| CN104497304A (en) | High-liquidity and high-temperature nylon resin, fiber-reinforced nylon and preparation method of nylon resin | |
| WO2023126391A1 (en) | Reinforced composite filament for an additive manufacturing application and method for manufacturing thereof | |
| WO2023126395A1 (en) | Reinforced composite filament for an additive manufacturing application and method for manufacturing thereof | |
| CN108396402B (en) | High-toughness polyester staple fiber and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113185801B (en) | Polyether-ether-ketone composite material 3D printing wire material applicable to space environment and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105694390A (en) | Carbon fiber composite | |
| CN1640652A (en) | Method for manufacturing strengthening ring for commutator | |
| CN1819369A (en) | Production of high-temperature-resisting reinforced ring of commutator and producer thereof | |
| CN101696303B (en) | Novel compatibilized polypropylene/glass fiber composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103497349B (en) | A kind of pre-cured fiberglass cloth impregnant and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090121 Termination date: 20210414 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |