CN1827045A - True three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam - Google Patents
True three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN1827045A CN1827045A CN 200610001796 CN200610001796A CN1827045A CN 1827045 A CN1827045 A CN 1827045A CN 200610001796 CN200610001796 CN 200610001796 CN 200610001796 A CN200610001796 A CN 200610001796A CN 1827045 A CN1827045 A CN 1827045A
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Abstract
This invention is about a dienergetic hard electron (whose energy range is 10-1400keV) three-dimension volume spectrum image-forming device, which contains removable dienergetic X-ray source or gamma-radioisotope sources inside the system and the suited X-ray plate detector. The light source and the detector have a mobile linkage on a rotatable bracket, and between them there is a space for monitoring substance. The source move track can be a closed curve composed of two parallel arcs and two parallel beelines separately linking both ends of the two arcs. Its radial beam is a prick beam that always covers the whole monitoring substance, and faces to detecting side of the detector and forms monitoring substance projection on the detecting side. By using this invention, the high-resolution and isotropical three-dimension data set of soft and hard tissue on inspection personnel's unusual position can be obtained, and do image rebuilding image processing through computer system to form the three-dimension volume image. It can be used to physic examine flesh or inspect inner structure of industrial goods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digitized medical diagnosis and treatment device that tissue is carried out true three-dimensional volume imaging that is mainly used in.
Background technology
In the medical imaging field, X ray (gamma-radiation that contains the radiosiotope emission) imaging device is in occupation of crucial status, it is to use the imaging device the most extensive, that picking rate is the fastest, spatial resolution is the highest in everyone the volume imaging device at present, also is one of imaging device of each hospital's indispensability.Existing x-ray imaging device is divided into X ray planar imaging device and tomography three-dimensional image forming apparatus two big classes, and its interrupting layer three-dimensional imaging (CT, computed tomography) is the main method that realizes the three dimensions imaging at present.What this CT technology adopted is multi-layer helical data acquisition and algorithm for reconstructing, on direction (being defined as the Z direction), formed the bed thickness notion in the imaging perpendicular to human body, human body information is averaged within bed thickness, lost the organizational structure details in the bed thickness scope, therefore its much smaller than the resolution at X-Y plane, minimal disease is missed easily in the resolution of Z direction.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned defective of prior art, the present invention is according to the x-ray imaging theory, on the basis of existing CT technology, a kind of true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam is provided, this device can obtain high-resolution isotropic true 3-D data set that detected personnel's low-density and high density two groups knit, and then, form the true three-dimensional volume imaging at detected position by image reconstruction and image processing techniques.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of above-mentioned purpose is: a kind of true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam, be included in the system dual intensity spectrum X ray light source movably and with the X ray flat panel detector of its coupling, leave the space that holds detected body between described light source and the detector, the beam direction of described light source is towards the test surface of described detector.
The beam form of described light source can be cone-beam, and this cone-beam is laterally covering whole detected body.
The motion track of described light source can be that track, semicircle that equidistant helix track, circumference track that adds a line segment, two circumference intersect vertically adds line segment or the like, as long as guarantee for any point above the detected body, can be on track find 2 points, make the line segment that is connecting through detected intravital point at 2.
Operation principle of the present invention is: under the control of computer system, light source moves on the setting track, its light beam is laterally covering detected body all the time, detector links with described light source by the mechanical linkage mode or under computer system control, make its test surface all the time towards light source and receive the beam that light source sends, gather the drop shadow intensity after X-ray beam penetrates detected body, in moving process, form the isotropic true 3-D data set of resolution, this data set generates the true 3-D view of detected body through computer system processor.The beam of used dual intensity spectrum light emitted has high and low two X-ray energy spectrums, wherein low power spectrum X ray mainly is a photoelectric effect by the mechanism of action between the imaging substance together, its cross section and be directly proportional by 4 powers of the average atom coefficient of imaging substance, be mainly used in the tissue lower to density, soft-tissue imaging such as blood vessel, N﹠M for example, in the small volume that with the voxel is unit, the minute differences of the average atom coefficient of material forms extraordinary contrast and spatial resolution after amplifying through 4 powers; The X ray of high power spectrum is with being comprised photoelectric effect and Kang Pudun scattering by the mechanism of action between the imaging substance, the latter occupies significant proportion, the cross section of Kang Pudun scattering and be directly proportional by 1 power of the average atom coefficient of imaging substance, resolution capability to material density decreases, but because energy height, its penetrating power increases greatly, can be to density than higher tissue, for example sclerous tissues such as skeleton, tooth (having comprised compact bone and spongy bone part) forms extraordinary contrast and spatial resolution.To the data for projection under the different power spectrums of detector collection, through after the computer system processor, both can form image at the tissue formation of low and high two class different densities, also these two images can be integrated into as a whole image in same coordinate system, recover the true colours of object.
Because the present invention has adopted the cone-beam light source, and employing light source and the synchronization-moving mode of detector, utilize detector to gather the projection value of X ray process tissue under the different angles, formed the data set of the 3-D view that is used to rebuild the detected position of human body, the true 3-D view that forms all has identical resolution in all directions, avoided the defective that Z direction detail data is lost under the prior art, improved diagnosis effect, eliminated because the defective of imaging technique itself causes the probability of failing to pinpoint a disease in diagnosis to disease; Because the present invention has adopted the X ray of two power spectrums of height to survey, the soft or hard of human body is organized all good imaging effect, is adapted to the imaging requirements of the various tissues of human body; Because the present invention can be under the support of computer software, do not need to carry out 360 ° of complete scannings and just can obtain required three-dimensional imaging data, and can be according to the human body that specifically is detected, at the X ray sensitive part that being provided with of light source track avoided human body, reduced the infringement that x-ray bombardment brings for detected personnel to greatest extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an operation principle sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of a kind of motion track of light source of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the floor map of a kind of motion track of light source of the present invention and range of exposures;
Fig. 5 is the sketch map of light beam coverage of the present invention and angle.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam provided by the invention comprise in the system dual intensity spectrum X ray light source 1 movably and with the X ray flat panel detector 7 of its coupling, leave the space that can hold detected body 8 between described light source and the detector, the beam direction of described light source is towards the test surface of described detector.
The preferred cone-beam of beam form of described light source, this cone-beam covers whole detected body, to form the projection of detected body at detector.
Described light source can adopt the X ray principle of luminosity under the prior art, be furnished with high tension generator 2 and filtering colimated light system, the energy spectrum width of the X-ray beam that it sends and scope can be regulated by the parameter of change high tension generator and the parameter of optical filter etc. according to actual needs, the meansigma methods of two energy spectrum energies is advisable to keep the energy bite about 20keV, for example the energy bite is more than the 20keV, the energy range of low power spectrum is 20-60keV, the energy range of high power spectrum is 80-1400keV, and the horizontal angle of beam and vertical angle α should guarantee that beam can both cover whole detected body (or surveyed area) in whole scanning process.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the motion track 9 of described light source is preferred by two parallel circle camber lines and two closed curves that parallel lines constitutes that are connected these two circular arc line two ends respectively, and the each several part of this closed curve is positioned on the same face of cylinder.Under the support of computer software, do not carrying out just can obtaining the required data set of three-dimensional imaging under 360 ° of complete scan condition, help reducing dosage, help simplified apparatus mechanism, also help the direct irradiation of avoiding the human body sensitive part, reduce the infringement of x-ray bombardment human body.
The motion track of described light source also can adopt the form of other any suitable, it for example can be the equidistant helix track, a circumference adds the track of a line segment, two tracks that circumference intersects vertically, a semicircle adds line segment or the like, as long as guarantee for any point above the detected body, can on track, find 2 points, make and connecting this line segment of 2 through the point above the detected body, that is to say, the qualifications of the motion track of described light source is for any point above the detected body, can on track, find 2 points, make the line segment that is connecting at 2 through the corresponding point of object to be detected.
Described light source and detector can be installed on the same runing rest, so that keep the relative bearing between them, the direction of X-ray beam that makes light emitted is all the time over against the test surface of flat panel detector, can also rotate synchronously by the rotation drive light source and the detector of runing rest simultaneously, initial distance between light source and the detector or average distance can be set according to the purposes (situation of detected body) of this device.Under this frame mode, the rotation of control runing rest is the rotation of may command light source and detector, forms the circular arc motion track of light source.Therefore, light source is moved along track shown in Figure 3, as long as the movable connection method that light source adopts light source to move along the direction perpendicular to Plane of rotation with the connected mode between the runing rest.For this light source that can move along direction perpendicular to Plane of rotation, can adopt dual mode to make detector receive the X ray that sends with probe source effectively: the one, make the test surface of detector enough big, under the motionless situation of detector, just can receive light source effectively in each locational beam (projection after penetrating detected body), the 2nd, detector adopts the mode that flexibly connects to connect runing rest, it can equally be done with light source move along the direction perpendicular to Plane of rotation accordingly.
As a kind of improvement project, can adopt the movable connection method that can move radially to connect between described detector and the runing rest.By moving radially of detector, can regulate detector at any time with the distance that is detected between body (human body) surface, make detector close all the time detected surface in testing process, to improve data acquisition efficiency and system sensitivity, can reduce simultaneously the size of flat panel detector, reduce cost.Described detector can be provided with range sensor, and this pick off passes to computer system with detector to the distance signal that is detected between body (human body) surface, with moving radially of control detector.The identical connected mode that also can adopt described light source realizes moving radially.These vertical (perpendicular to directions of Plane of rotation), radially wait movable connection method all can adopt corresponding prior art, and multiple different movable connection method can be used in combination, move with the multiple degrees of freedom of realizing connected piece.The rotation of described runing rest can be adopted existing techniques in realizing, and rotary drive motor and the rotation of drive mechanism drive support thereof can be set.
The present invention can be provided with the fixture at the detected position that is used for fixing detected personnel, with carrying out smoothly of guaranteeing to detect.Be imaged as example with the incidence human body: described fixture can be made up of two parts, first is the navigation system that is provided with the mutually perpendicular laser beam of two bundles, before detected personnel check, open two bundle laser, adjust detected personnel position, make the coordinate system of two bundle the laser beams coordinate system of forming and detected personnel's faces of presetting overlap, locate to head; Second portion is the tooth fixture, this tooth fixture is fixedly connected on detected personnel's the seat, and be provided with the fixture that extends out, detected personnel are in whole checking process, all the time bite the fixture of fixture with tooth, to prevent detected person person's unconscious motion, simultaneously also can be the position relative fixed of different personnel's imagings.
The present invention generally should be furnished with computer system, to move control and data acquisition and imaging processing.Described computer system comprises central control system 3, operating board and image display system 4, image reconstruction, processing system 5 and data store transmission system 6, wherein data store transmission system and receive and store exercise data and the data for projection that detector transmits, and divide and give central controller and image reconstruction, processing system, image reconstruction, processing system is under the coordination of central control system, the data for projection of sending here is carried out image reconstruction process, generate image information, and the display that image information one road is delivered in operating board and the image display system shows, one the tunnel delivers to the view data library storage that data store transmission system through central control system, central control system is coordinated the work of other each systems, receive the heat transfer agent that manual command that operating board and image display system send here and pick off are sent here, according to the working procedure of setting to high tension generator, light source, swinging mounting and detector send work order.
Described image reconstruction, after processing system is handled data for projection, the image information that generates is two different image-forming informations at low-density (soft tissue) and high density (sclerous tissues), or these two imagings are synthesized the image-forming information of a complete object, the image that demonstrates of display can be two different imagings of soft tissue and sclerous tissues like this, it also can be the general image of soft or hard organizational composition, according to artificial input instruction, can arbitrarily switch this three kinds of different images, perhaps show any two kinds of images wherein simultaneously, perhaps show this three kinds of images simultaneously.
The operation of computer system of the present invention can be adopted prior art and other various suitable technology, for example can carry out the power on/off of motor drive mechanism according to setting program, manual command and heat transfer agent etc. to the control of each mechanical mechanism.The design of software such as date processing and image reconstruction aspect also can be adopted existing date processing and imaging technique, wherein the exact reconstruction algorithm of three-dimensional imaging can be preferably the most advanced in the world at present three-dimensional exact reconstruction algorithm based on the PI line segment, the maximum characteristics of this algorithm are to utilize the data for projection accurate reconstruction that produces under the specific light source track to go out isotropic three-dimensional data, do not carrying out under 360 ° of complete scan condition, can realize accurate reconstruction, thereby reduce the irradiation dose that human body receives and when scanning, avoid tissue the X ray sensitivity to detected volume image.
According to imaging theory, the spatial resolution of true three-dimensional volume imaging (Volume CT is called for short VCT) is subjected to the restriction of dimension of light source and flat panel detector pixel size, spatial resolution that therefore can be different for the present invention designs according to user's needs.Under the prior art background, the minimum dimension of light source has reached 50 microns, and it is matched with the flat panel detector of corresponding pixel, can make high intrinsic spatial resolution reach 0.001mm
3, under this resolution, can see the pathological changes of the most tiny bone splits, nerve and blood vessel.Native system also can be used for the industrial goods internal microstructure imaging of different densities.
The present invention adopts the technology path at the same position of high and low power spectrum X-ray scanning human body, can decompose soft, the sclerous tissues of human body privileged sites well by mathematical calculation, makes it to reach respectively the optimal imaging condition.The image that can generate soft tissue and sclerous tissues is simultaneously observed separately, also can integrate these two kinds of images again, forms a complete image.In the process of integrating, adopt the post processing of image technology, reduce noise as far as possible, remove pseudo-shadow, image information is realized cutting apart, dispose, merge and showing of three-dimension space image on high-resolution and ultrahigh resolution basis.
The present invention passes through computer technology, particularly adopt with the algorithm for reconstructing is the software design of core, can utilize detector to collect the projection value of the cone-beam X-ray of different angles through tissue, reconstruct the 3-D view that is detected personnel's privileged sites, and reach the resolution of design in advance and the requirement of contrast; Can cut apart the image that two power spectrums rebuild out, registration, fusion and demonstration, obtain the complete isotropic true 3-D view of detected personnel's privileged sites tissue; Can overturn at any angle to rebuilding the 3-D view that comes out, carry out the local segmentation and the amplification of image, watch the two-dimensional ct image that obtains after the arbitrary plane cutting 3-D view, so that compare with existing tomography CT image; The image that can show particular tissues according to the track or the automatic track that generates of doctor's manual drawing; Can require to carry out the range finding between any 2 and the measurement of angle on the image according to the doctor; The view data that generates meets international form (for example DICOM3.0) standard, and the input that sets up standard on computer system, output interface, carrying out the transmission of image, and carries out the comparison between the different images.
For operating, the manually-operated facility of two aspects can be set: the one, be fixed on various switches and switching device on the equipment body, comprising location laser beam switch, detected personnel's position regulator, equipment total power switch and emergency cutoff switch or the like, the 2nd, human computer conversation's device of computer system, for example keyboard and mouse system, by artificial output function instruction, overall process to scanning and data acquisition and processing is operated and is controlled, under the support of computer software, realize the reconstruction of data acquisition and image, handle, analyze and demonstration.
Claims (10)
1. a dual intensity is composed very three-dimensional high-energy photon (energy range 10-14000keV) volume imaging device, it is characterized in that comprising in the system movably dual intensity spectrum X ray light source or gamma-radiation isotope light source, with with the X ray flat panel detector of its coupling, leave the space that can hold detected body between described light source and the detector, the beam direction of described light source is towards the test surface of described detector.
2. true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam as claimed in claim 1, the beam form that it is characterized in that described light source is a cone-beam, this cone-beam is laterally covering whole detected body.
3. true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described light source is furnished with high tension generator and filtering colimated light system, the meansigma methods of two energy spectrum energies depends mainly on wave filter at interval the continuous spectrum energy photon is divided into the ability of two groups of energy, but the interval between two groups of energy will remain on the 20keV level.
4. true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the energy range of the low power spectrum of described X-ray or gamma-radiation light source is set in 10-60keV, and the energy range of high power spectrum is set in 80-1400keV.
5. as claim 1,2,3 or 4 described true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam, the qualifications that it is characterized in that the motion track of described light source is for any point above the detected body, can on track, find 2 points, make the line segment that is connecting at 2 through the intravital point of detected material.
6. true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described light source and detector are installed on the same runing rest, described light source and detector can be along being connected with movable connection method that the vertical direction of Plane of rotation direction moves with adopting between the runing rest, described detector is with adopting the movable connection method that can move radially to connect between the runing rest, described detector is provided with range sensor.
7. true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that also being provided with the fixture that is used for fixing detected personnel or the detected position of production piece.
8. as claim 1,2,3 or 4 described true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam, it is characterized in that also being furnished with computer system, described computer system comprises central control system, operating board and image display system, image reconstruction, according to and data for projection, and divide and give central controller and image reconstruction, processing system, described image reconstruction, processing system is under the coordination of central control system, the data for projection of sending here is carried out image reconstruction process, generate image information, image information is further handled, and the display that image information one road is delivered in operating board and the image display system shows, one the tunnel delivers to the view data library storage that data store transmission system through central control system, described central control system is coordinated the work of other each systems, receive the heat transfer agent that manual command that operating board and image display system send here and pick off are sent here, according to the working procedure of setting to high tension generator, light source, swinging mounting and detector send work order.
9. as claim 3 described true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam, after it is characterized in that described image reconstruction, processing system are handled data for projection, the image information that generates is two image-forming informations at materials of low density and high-density matter, or these two imagings is synthesized the image-forming information of the expressed intact object to be imaged.
10. true three-dimensional volume imaging device with dual energy spectrum X-ray beam as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that the three-dimensional exact reconstruction algorithm of the exact reconstruction algorithm employing of its three-dimensional imaging based on the PI line segment.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213683A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-10-12 | 精工电子纳米科技有限公司 | X-ray transmission inspection apparatus and X-ray transmission inspection method |
| CN102384924A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-21 | 精工电子纳米科技有限公司 | X-ray fluorescence analyzer and X-ray fluorescence analysis method |
| CN113361632A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-07 | 西门子数字医疗科技(上海)有限公司 | Method, apparatus, computer device and medium for determining biological tissue class in image |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI661812B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-06-11 | 行政院原子能委員會核能硏究所 | Tomography system and method thereof |
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| US5115394A (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1992-05-19 | Technicare Corporation | Dual energy computerized tomography system |
| US4872191A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1989-10-03 | Bio-Imaging Research, Inc. | Cam-controlled automatic dynamic focusing for computed tomography |
| US6052433A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 2000-04-18 | Advanced Optical Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for dual-energy x-ray imaging |
| US6898263B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2005-05-24 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Method and apparatus for soft-tissue volume visualization |
| EP1676126A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2006-07-05 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH | Fan-beam coherent-scatter computed tomography |
| CN2907545Y (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-06-06 | 北京海思威科技有限公司 | Double-energy spectrum and real three-D volume imaging apparatus |
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- 2006-01-26 CN CNB2006100017968A patent/CN100427035C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213683A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-10-12 | 精工电子纳米科技有限公司 | X-ray transmission inspection apparatus and X-ray transmission inspection method |
| CN102213683B (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2016-01-20 | 日本株式会社日立高新技术科学 | X-ray transmission testing fixture and X-ray transmission inspection method |
| CN102384924A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-21 | 精工电子纳米科技有限公司 | X-ray fluorescence analyzer and X-ray fluorescence analysis method |
| CN102384924B (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2015-08-12 | 日本株式会社日立高新技术科学 | Fluorescent x-ray analyzer and fluorescent x-ray analysis method |
| CN113361632A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-07 | 西门子数字医疗科技(上海)有限公司 | Method, apparatus, computer device and medium for determining biological tissue class in image |
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