CN1820482A - 产生并管理局域网的方法 - Google Patents

产生并管理局域网的方法 Download PDF

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CN1820482A
CN1820482A CNA2004800197809A CN200480019780A CN1820482A CN 1820482 A CN1820482 A CN 1820482A CN A2004800197809 A CNA2004800197809 A CN A2004800197809A CN 200480019780 A CN200480019780 A CN 200480019780A CN 1820482 A CN1820482 A CN 1820482A
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居伊·莫雷龙
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Nagravision SARL
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
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    • H04L63/0272—Virtual private networks
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H04L63/0435—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply symmetric encryption, i.e. same key used for encryption and decryption
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
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    • H04L63/0464—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload using hop-by-hop encryption, i.e. wherein an intermediate entity decrypts the information and re-encrypts it before forwarding it
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于生成和管理局域网的一种方法，局域网包括至少一个用于再生加密数据流的装置和用于传输并再加密所有或部分所述加密数据的装置，这些装置包括安全模块。该方法包括以下步骤，即在与局域网连接的装置之一中连接所谓主安全模块，通过主安全模块产生网络密钥，向一个或多个所谓用户安全模块安全传输网络密钥，通过传输和再加密装置解密加密的数据，使用所述装置借助于本地密钥再加密该数据，向再生装置传输再加密的数据，并保持再加密装置使用与其相关并装有用于定位本地密钥的装置的用户安全模块进行解密。

Description

产生并管理局域网的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及局域网生成和管理领域，特别涉及连接到通向条件访问数据流的访问点的局域网。
背景技术
访问条件数据的管理是周知的，并从很长时间以来特别在付费电视领域中实行。
用户具有一个解码器，用来借助于与预订或权限相关的密钥解密已被加密的流。这些密钥一般最好存储在可拆卸的安全模块中，以允许所提供的功能以及安全性的演变。
许多解码器，一旦数据流已被解密，把这一数据转换为模拟形式，以便由可视装置诸如电视屏幕处理。
数字屏幕的出现已破坏了这一方案。实际上，由于解码器向显示器输出是数字化的，这一输出能够以欺骗的方式用来产生非法拷贝。
因此，在广泛使用数字显示器及更一般的任何以数字形式处理这种类型数据的设备诸如数字录像机之前，已经提出以防止条件访问数据的传播为目的的解决方案。
这样，已经提出端到端的内容保护以便维护内容处于加密形式，直到其到达复原装置(例如电视机)为止。
只要条件被满足，诸如解码器或DVD读取器的源处理加密的内容并授权访问(例如根据用户的预订)。内容在发送到用户的本地网络之前，再次根据与这一网络相关的密钥被加密，使其只能在这一网络中访问。如果该密钥对于每一家庭网络是唯一的，则任何在这一网络之外使用是不可能的。
家庭网络的概念虽然是相对于一个用户定义的，但可能是模糊的，因为邻居能够易于连接到同一网络这样就出让了同一网络密钥。因此，最简单的解决方案是限制形成本地网的人数。
为了使用这一类型的安全的本地网，每一装置必须具有包含与这一网络相关的秘密的安全模块。这些模块一般是直接安装在设备中的可移除智能卡或安全模块的形式。
根据一个第一已知的解决方案，这一限制的概念已通过传输属于网络的母体能力实现。对于本地网的安装，一个第一模块包含或能够产生作为这一网络共同点的密钥。一旦这一模块已产生一个第一密钥，它就变为一个母体模块并能够对其本身起作用。如果同一网络中出现了另一模块，则这一母体能力传输到这一第二模块，允许后者作为同一网络的一部分。第一模块就失去其母体能力，且这一能力转移到第二模块。当然，其它参数诸如未来参与这一网络的模块数也会被缩减，并存储在新的生成者模块中。
母体能力的移动满足了安全准则，因为一个模块只能引入一个其它的模块。然而这一解决方案存在一定的问题，因为在用户分开正好已成为母体模块的元件之一的情形下，链条可能通过原理的无知(ignorance of the principle)被中断。此外，如果有这一模块的设备被损坏，用户会送到销售点并换为另一设备，其结果是延伸这一网络的可能性中断。
文献WO01/67705描述了用于在因特网上数据的安全转移和数据管理的一种系统，其在用户单元中包括一个数据转移和加密模块，并在服务器单元中包含一个数据管理模块。通过数据从与用户单元相关的屏幕上显示的一个窗口移动往来于与服务器单元相关的一个窗口的移动，进行数据转移。每一窗口与一个口令相关联，使得数据从一个窗口向另一窗口的移动引起从一个相关口令到另一相关口令的加密或再加密。该系统使用与文件传输协议配合的对称密钥加密，并允许大小达100兆字节或更大的大数据文件的安全转移。从服务器单元向用户单元或相反方向的这一数据转移可无限次进行，而与网络及网络上单元位置无关。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提出一种可防止上述缺陷而生成并管理本地网的一种方法。
这一目的是通过用于生成并管理局域网的一种方法实现的，这一网络包括至少一个用于加密数据流的恢复装置，以及用于所述所有或部分加密的数据的传播和再加密装置，所述装置包括安全模块，这一方法包括以下步骤：
-在连接到本地网的装置之一中称为“主”安全模块的连接，
-本地网密钥通过主安全模块的建立，
-这一网络密钥向称为“用户”的一个或多个安全模块的安全传输，
-通过传播和再加密装置被加密的数据的解密，
-使用本地密钥通过所述装置数据的再加密，
-再加密数据向恢复装置的传输，
-由于有包括定位本地密钥的装置的相关用户安全模块，通过所述恢复装置解密。
恢复装置是这样的一个装置，其中以音频、视频件其它形式诸如证券交易数据或游戏机程序，强制数据对这一用户解密。最具特色的例子是电视机。
关于数据所有其余的步骤对于加密的数据进行。
对话密钥是随机产生的密钥，然后使用网络密钥对其加密。加密的数据伴以由网络密钥加密的这一对话密钥。这样，知道网络密钥就允许获得对话密钥，并允许该数据被访问。
当然，能够想象网络密钥的直接使用并只传输再加密的数据。在以下的说明中，本地密钥包括两种概念：即对话密钥或网络密钥。
对于数据的加密有两种原理。第一种是指通过本地密钥对数据集的加密。称为“转换器模块”的安全模块，只要权限存在，包括通过本地密钥解密数据并再加密所述数据的装置。根据流率和数据大小，这一操作所需的容量可能是非常重要的。
第二个原理是基于称为“控制字”的一个密钥文件。数据不被修改而保持由密钥集加密；只是密钥文件由转换器模块解密并由本地密钥再加密。
应当注意，密钥集可被缩减为每事件只是一个密钥，并能够按先前所述处理，即包括这一密钥的消息通过转换器模块解密并由本地密钥再加密。
例如，传播和再加密装置是连接到网络的一种解码器，该网络提供条件访问数据或加密数据阅读器，诸如DVD阅读器。
在本地网络上这一装置在传播所述数据之前，其检验解密数据的权限是否存在。如果权限存在，所述数据在由本地密钥解密阶段之后被再加密。
因而这一数据只能在本地网络上处理。
这样被再加密的数据可存储在硬盘上或刻录到DVD上。本地网络的兴趣在于这样的事实，即这一数据不能在这一本地网络之外被处理。在这一数据处理期间，存储装置在网络中传播该数据，这数据包括一个加密的有用部分(例如音频和视频)，以及一个管理部分，管理部分包括由网络密钥加密的对话密钥。
主安全模块将负责初始化希望参与这一网络的每一用户的安全模块。因而对于用户显而易见，这一第一模块具有一种特别的功能，并且重要的是其不能丢失。
这种主模块还包括一个计数器，用于定义可被初始化的最大模块数，以及表明这一模块对这一本地网络系统成员身份的证书。
这样就解决了分开在其中找到主模块的设备的问题。由于实际的原因，主模块相对于其它模块将具有可视的标记。
网络密钥的建立可按两种方式进行。第一种在于在本地网络第一初始化期间随机产生这一密钥。
第二种在于使用在主模块私人化过程期间被加载的一个密钥。这样事先通过发出授权知道这些密钥。
主模块作为第一个任务必须初始化网络。用户模块是这一网络的被动部分，并接收由主模块建立的网络密钥。实际上，能够把用户模块集成到包含主模块的物理模块中。这允许网络中只使用一个模块操作，初始化在于向同一物理模块的用户部分转移主部分的网络密钥。
附图说明
由于以下详细说明将能够更好地理解本发明，这一说明参照了作为非限制性例子给出并描绘了本地网物理配置的附图。
图1中，本地网络标识为LNT。其链接例如在房屋中连接的不同的元件。
有两种类型的装置，即恢复装置，诸如电视机DV1及计算机DV2。其它的装置是传播和解密装置，诸如解码器MD1或磁盘阅读器MD2。
加密的数据流STE进入解码器MD1被处理。这一解码器具有一个安全模块CC1，其包含与加密的数据内容相关联的权限。模块CC1检验允许访问这一加密数据的权限，并在由控制字CW加密的数据传输的情形下，其解密这些控制字并使用本地密钥再加密控制字。
根据该操作方式，本地密钥是由转换器模块MD1产生并由网络密钥加密的对话密钥。本地密钥的这一加密步骤不在转换器模块MD1中进行，而是在只配置网络密钥的用户模块TC中进行。
在初始化步骤期间，转换器模块产生随机对话密钥。所述模块与解码器合作传输一个请求，以确定本地网络的存在。恢复装置，例如电视机DV1，反应并传输其用户模块TC1的公共密钥。
这一密钥将由转换器模块使用用于加密对话密钥MD1，并向电视机的用户模块传输这一加密的集合。
用户模块TC1由于其私有密钥解密这一消息，并抽取对话密钥。然后其借助于网络密钥加密这一对话密钥，并向转换器模块传输这一新的消息。
当转换器模块接收包含来源于条件访问数据流STE的控制字的一个消息时，其检验包含在这一消息中的权限，并如果权限存在，则解密该控制字并借助于对话密钥对控制字再加密。新的消息包含由对话密钥再加密的控制字，以及由网络密钥加密的对话密钥。
诸如DVD阅读器装置的功能显而易见是类似的。这一装置还包含转换器模块CC2，该模块包括用来访问包含在盘上的加密数据的装置。
在我们的例子中，将假设数据由根据一种算法而属于内容的一个密钥，和/或在转换器模块中的内容密钥被加密。
这一转换器模块CC2检验模块的所有者是否有权解密并在本地网上广播盘CDE。如果权限存在，则可以有两种可能：
-转换器模块CC2解密盘上的内容并借助于网络密钥再加密这一内容，再加密的数据和网络密钥被传输到恢复装置。
-转换器模块借助于网络密钥只加密盘的密钥，并传输初始数据及由网络密钥加密的盘的密钥。这一方法假设每一内容具有对应的的盘密钥；反之，对内容的访问打开访问所有内容的可能性。
根据本发明的一种方式，主模块MC位于电视机DV1中。这一主模块允许产生本地网络并配有网络密钥NK。在一个实施例中，这一模块还包括用户模块的功能，并这样能够解密由诸如解码器MD1这样的装置传输的被加密的数据。
当第二空白用户模块TC2这种情形下是连接到计算机DV2时，在主模块MC与这一空白模块之间建立了通信。在相互鉴别之后，主模块向用户模块TC2传输网络密钥NK，该模块从现在起能够接收并解密这一本地网络的数据。此后，主密钥MC的存在对于访问由本地密钥加密的数据不再是必须的，因为其具有网络密钥NK。
限制本地网络的基本原则是可能的用户模块数。这一功能用于主模块，每当用户模块接收网络密钥时使计数器减量。
如果希望清楚地区分网络生成功能与用于访问加密数据的功能，则能够在主模块MC中只包含网络管理功能。一旦初始化用户模块TC2，主模块MC被去除并引入先前配置的用户模块TC1。
本发明还用于对于本地网络一致性的检验方法。在终端模块TC与转换器模块CC之间协商期间，终端模块基于这一网络的形成传输属于主模块MC的数据。其可能是一个标识符，一个签字或一个证书(例如X509)。
由于只有主模块MC能够产生本地网络这样的事实，因而只考虑这类模块，其数目大大低于工作中的用户模块的数目。
转换器模块CC存储这条称为本地网络标识符的信息。
在付费电视解码器的情形下，后者应当连接到管理中心以便更新，为了统计的原因或为了对本地消费记清单。
在这点转换器模块CC与通常的数据一同传输与这一解码器相关联的本地网络标识符。
管理中心有一个未授权从转换器模块接收解密数据的本地网络标识符的列表，并把这一信息传送给所述模块。
因而转换器模块能够接受或拒绝与这样的网络操作。
应当注意，转换器模块能够与几个本地模块相互作用，例如如果第三方希望连接其电视机DV1中的终端模块。这一配置中，转换器模块能够在其存储器中保持几个网络标识符。
在一个实施例中，加密的数据特别是含有一个解密密钥或多个密钥的消息，能够包含这样的条件，使得对于给定的本地网络并在任何再加密之前强制作出这类检验。
然后解码器执行一个检验操作，以便验证其连接的本地网络的标识符。如果在本地密钥协商期间，出现另一网络的标识符，则对于该本地网络将不允许控制字的解密。
因而，能够向加密的数据或向伴随所述数据的密钥引入条件，以便定义一个安全级。
应当注意，本实施例特别适用于具有直接安装在打印上的安全模块的恢复装置。这一模块以电子电路的形式(最终被焊接)包括用户安全模块的所有功能。只有主模块将是可拆卸的，并将只是为了初始化网络并向这一电子电路加载网络密钥而被连接。如果这一装置移动到另一网络，就需要授权删除对先前网络的成员身份并授权进入新的网络。
为了重新使用已存储的并由网络密钥加密的数据，主模块使用其自身的网络密钥再次起到用户模块的作用。

Claims (11)

1.用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，这一网络包括至少一个用于加密的数据流的恢复装置，以及用于所有或部分的所述加密数据的传播与再加密的装置，所述装置包括安全模块，该方法包括以下步骤：
-在连接到本地网的装置之一中主安全模块的连接，
-通过主安全模块建立网络密钥，
-向一个或几个用户安全模块安全传输这一网络密钥，
-通过传播和再加密装置解密已被加密的数据，
-通过所述装置使用本地密钥对所述数据再加密，
-向恢复装置传输再加密数据，
-由于配有找出本地密钥的装置的相关用户安全模块，通过所述恢复装置解密。
2.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，本地密钥是随机产生的由网络密钥加密的对话密钥。
3.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，本地密钥是网络密钥。
4.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，网络密钥的建立是通过本地网络初始化期间密钥的伪随机产生获得的。
5.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，网络密钥的建立是在主模块初始化步骤期间进行的。
6.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，主模块放置在可拆卸的安全模块中。
7.根据权利要求6用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，所述可拆卸安全模块包括形成由主模块管理的网络一部分的一个用户模块。
8.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，用户安全模块是在恢复装置制造期间安装的电子电路的形式。
9.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，用户安全模块是可拆卸的安全模块形式。
10.根据权利要求1用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，传播和再加密装置包括称为转换器模块的一个安全模块，所述模块接收并保存建立该网络的主模块的标识符，转换器模块对于所述网络再加密数据。
11.根据权利要求10用于生成和管理本地网络的方法，其特征在于，在向所述管理中心连接期间所述主模块标识符被传输到管理中心。
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US7725720B2 (en) 2010-05-25
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