CN1819935A

CN1819935A - Vehicle shifter

Info

Publication number: CN1819935A
Application number: CN 200480001967
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗伯特·A·德琼; 丹尼斯·M·霍弗; 戴维·M·米蒂尔; 爱德华·J·布拉特科夫斯基; 埃里克·W·布赖恩特; 丹尼尔·J·费希尔; 克雷格·A·沃尔菲斯; 马克·A·莫斯
Original assignee: GHSP Inc
Current assignee: GHSP Inc
Priority date: 2003-10-13
Filing date: 2004-06-16
Publication date: 2006-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 2024-06-16
Also published as: CN100400328C

Abstract

A shifter includes a powered pawl mechanism that selectively engages a shift gate. The powered pawl mechanism may include an electrically operated solenoid or the like, and may be mounted to the base of the shifter or to the shift lever. The pawl engages a shift gate that is mounted on the other of the shift lever and the base. A mechanical override may be utilized to disengage the pawl. The shifter includes an electrically operated push button or the like on the shift knob, and may utilize sensors that determine the shift lever position for controlling a transmission.

Description

Vehicle shifter

Background technology

Developed various types of gearshifts be used in the controlling machine motor-car manually and automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter, the gearshift of control automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter generally comprises the shifter bar that is movable to diverse location such as park, neutral gear, D Drive or the like.The mechanical release mechanism that comprises the button in the gear shifting handle generally is used for discharging a pawl, and this pawl remains on gearshift in the selected shift pattern.This pawl mechanism may be very complicated, need many parts, and shifter bar and handle must constitute and hold mechanical links, so that retrained the design of shifter bar and handle.

Summary of the invention

One aspect of the present invention is a kind of gearshift assembly that is used for controlling vehicle transmission, the gearshift assembly comprises that constitutes a base portion of being installed on the self-propelled vehicle, shifter bar is installed to base portion movably, and shifter bar is movable to a plurality of considerate positions, at least comprise park position and reverse gear position and gear such as D Drive forward, the output that is used for controlling change-speed box is provided with the position according to shifter bar, gear shift positioning groove (shift gate) is fixed in base portion and the shifter bar on selected one, and has park at least, reverse gear and gear forward.The gearshift assembly also comprises electrically operated pawl mechanism, this pawl mechanism is fixed in base portion and the shifter bar another, pawl mechanism has the pawl member that can move between disengaging configuration and engage position, in engage position, pawl member engages in the gear of gear shift positioning groove selected one, and forbids moving of shifter bar at least in part.

Another aspect of the present invention is a kind of gearshift assembly that is used for controlling change-speed box, the gearshift assembly comprises that is configured as a base portion of being installed in the vehicle, shifter bar is pivotally mounted to base portion, and shifter bar comprise have park at least, the gear shift positioning groove of reverse gear and D Drive gear, the gear shift positioning groove is along with shifter bar moves.The gearshift assembly also comprises pawl mechanism, this pawl mechanism comprises actuator and the pawl mechanism that produces power, described pawl mechanism can move between engage position and disengaging configuration by the power that actuator produces, in engage position, pawl member is forbidden moving of shifter bar at least in part, allows moving between the gear at disengaging configuration.

Another aspect of the present invention is a kind of gearshift that is used for controlling vehicle transmission, gearshift comprises base portion and is installed to the shifter bar of base portion movably, the gear shift positioning groove is installed in base portion and the shifter bar on selected one, the gear shift positioning groove has a plurality of change-speed boxs control position, gearshift comprises the pawl with powered, it is installed in and is used for selectively joined speed variator control position in base portion and the shifter bar another, with moving of restriction shifter bar.

By reference following specification sheets, claim and accompanying drawing, those skilled in the art will understand and understand these and other feature of the present invention, advantage and purpose more.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the local incomplete transparent view according to the gearshift of one aspect of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the incomplete cross sectional drawing of the gearshift of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the local exemplary cross sectional drawing of the gearshift of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the cross sectional drawing of the gearshift of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the imperfect figure of pawl mechanism of the gearshift of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the imperfect transparent view according to another embodiment of gearshift of the present invention, and wherein pawl is installed in the shifter bar;

Fig. 7 is the lateral plan of another embodiment of gearshift, and wherein pawl is installed in the shifter bar;

Fig. 8 is the end elevation of the gearshift of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is an imperfect transparent view, and expression is used for making the manual release mechanism of pawl disengaging;

Figure 10 is imperfect figure, expression pawl and gear shift positioning groove;

Figure 11 is incomplete decomposition diagram, expression gear shifting handle and the assembling of handling knob;

Figure 12 is incomplete transparent view, represents another embodiment of gearshift of the present invention, Wherein gearshift comprises and manually upgrades and lower category gear;

Figure 13 is the exemplary illustrated according to the gear shift pattern of one aspect of the invention;

Figure 14 is the exemplary illustrated of gear shift pattern according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 15 is the exemplary illustrated of gear shift pattern according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the exemplary illustrated of gear shift pattern according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 16 A is the exemplary illustrated of gear shift pattern according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 17 is the partial schematic diagram of mechanical parking shelves locking cam;

Figure 18 is the partial schematic diagram of the mechanical parking shelves locking cam of Figure 17;

Figure 19 is the partial schematic diagram according to another embodiment of gearshift of the present invention;

Figure 20 is the incomplete enlarged view of a part of the gearshift of Figure 19;

Figure 21 is the imperfect figure of gear lever assembly according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 22 be according to of the present invention can with the partial schematic diagram of the common crank mechanism that uses of electronics pawl;

Figure 23 is the local imperfect transparent view of the gearshift with electronics pawl according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 24 is the transparent view of internal part of the gearshift of Figure 23;

Figure 25 is the transparent view of internal part of the gearshift of Figure 23;

Figure 26 is the local exemplary cross-sectional view of gearshift according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 27 is the figure of top board of the gearshift of Figure 26;

Figure 28 is the planar view of upper casing of the gearshift of Figure 26;

Figure 29 is the cross sectional drawing along the upper casing of Figure 28 of the line XXIX-XXIX acquisition of Figure 28;

Figure 30 is the imperfect cross sectional drawing of another embodiment of spherical using of the gearshift with type shown in Figure 26;

Figure 31 is spherical the imperfect cross sectional drawing of Figure 30 of XXXI-XXXI acquisition along the line;

Figure 32 is spherical the backplan of Figure 31;

Figure 33 is the local imperfect transparent view of gearshift according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 34 is the local imperfect transparent view of the gearshift of Figure 33;

Figure 35 is the exploded drawings of magnet coil according to a further aspect of the present invention;

Figure 36 is the planar view of the magnet coil of Figure 35;

Figure 37 is the cross sectional drawing of the magnet coil of XXXVII-XXXVII acquisition along the line; With

Figure 38 is the lateral plan of the magnet coil of Figure 35.

The specific embodiment

At this for illustrative purposes, term " on ", D score, " right side ", " left side ", " back ", " preceding ", " vertically ", " level " and its derivative should be related to the present invention as the direction of indication among Fig. 1, yet, should understand, except pointing out expressly the opposite place that the present invention can take various possible orientation and step sequence.Also should understand, specific device in the accompanying drawings and that describe in the following description and method only are the exemplary embodiment of the invention idea that defines in the appended claims, therefore, specific dimensions and other physical features about embodiment disclosed here should not be considered to restriction, unless claims are clearly otherwise stated.

The name that the application relates on January 22nd, 2004 application is called the application 10/762837 common co-pending of " magnet coil with noise-decreasing device ", the name that the invention still further relates on March 12nd, 2004 application is called the application 10/799111 common co-pending of " gearshift with shift tower ", and their full contents of two are incorporated herein by reference at this.

Figure 1 illustrates the gearshift assembly 1 according to one aspect of the invention, gearshift assembly 1 comprises a base portion 2 that constitutes the inside 3 of being installed to self-propelled vehicle.Shifter bar 4 is installed to base portion movably, and comprise a pair of downward extension 5, each downward extension all comprises a hub portion 6 that rotatably engages with pin 7, pin 7 has a non-circular cross sections that has a plane 9, align by pin 7 is rotated into opening 8 in the hub portion 6, plane 9 allows the assembling or the dismounting of shifter bars 4.

Further with reference to figure 2, shifter bar 4 comprises gear shift positioning groove 10, and it is integrally formed on the downside of bottom 11 of shifter bar 4.Pawl mechanism 14 with powered comprises actuator such as the magnet coil 12 that produces power, and the maintaining part 13 by base portion 2 is installed to this actuator on the base portion 2.Magnet coil 12 comprises spring, and this spring makes it engage with gear shift positioning groove 10 to upper offset pawl member 15 usually.In addition, as discussed in greater detail below, also can in magnet coil, utilize a magnet individually or unite a spring, pawl is setovered/remain in the engage position.The actuator that produces power can also comprise that electrical motor and linear driving mechanism or other produce the actuator of power, the actuator of this generation power can be used for controlling the distance of the stroke of pawl member 15, for example, can come the distance of control travel with the electric power that leads to magnet coil.In addition, if use electrical motor, then can control the distance of the stroke of pawl member 15 with the revolution of electrical motor.

When electricity consumption was started, magnet coil 12 moved down pawl 15, and disengaging engages with gear shift positioning groove 10, so that the user can turn to shifter bar 4 a new gear.The button 16 that operator input device such as gear shift are handled knob on 19 is electrically connected to controller 20, so that the user presses the button 16, controller 20 produces signals to magnet coil 12, thereby mobile pawl 15 breaks away from and the engaging of gear shift positioning groove 10 it, allows the mobile of shifter bar 4.In addition, switch 16 and drg and key circuit can be connected in series, be depressed and when starting magnet coil, button is connected circuit with convenient button.And, can with other operator input device such as little bar, slidably/rotatable element, switch, sensor or the like replace button 16 to import so that the user to be provided.Traditional mechanical cables 22 can be connected to transmission for vehicles 21, change with the mobile Transmission gear that provides according to shifter bar 4.In addition, can by the sensor in the gearshift assembly 1 40 produce with the position of shifter bar 4 (for example, park, neutral gear, D Drive or the like) cooresponding electric signal, and by electric wire 23 with this electric signal transmission to controller 20, so that controller 20 then produces the signal via electric wire 24 control change-speed boxs 21.This electric signal can be individually or combine cable 22 ground control vehicle change-speed boxs.

Further with reference to figure 3, spring 27 biasing pawls 15 in the pawl mechanism 14 make it engage with the pin 41 of magnet coil 12, another spring 27A in the magnet coil 12 makes it engage with pawl member 15 to biases pin 41, spring 27A is harder than spring 27, so that the pawl member 15 of setovering makes it engage with gear shift positioning groove 10.Spring 27 guarantees that pawl breaks away from positioning groove 10 when starting magnet coil 12 makes pin 41 withdrawals, also guarantees when pin 41 is contracted, and the dish type head 18 of pin 15 keeps contacting with pin 41.

When if pawl 15 is in the park position, sensor or switch 28 produces signals, and if when depressing brake pedal 29 and key also in ignition device tube 30 and when being in the running position, sensor produces signals to controller 20.

Controller (or circuit) and electrically operated pawl device are not only selectively controlled moving of shifter bar, and under the situation that does not need extra means/mechanism relevant with drg speed-change and gearshift device interlocking (" BTSI ") device/mechanism and extra cost, provide stop locking and BTSI function with independent parking locking.The park position 31 of gear shift positioning groove 10 so constitutes, and promptly pawl 15 prevents that shifter bar 4 from shifting out park position 31, unless starting magnet coil 12 moves to disengaging configuration with pawl 15.When shifter bar 4 was in the park position, controller 20 prevented the starting of pawl 15, unless brake pedal 29 is depressed and key is in the running position in ignition device.As described in more detail below, utilize electricity or mechanical lock mechanism, allow gearshift 1 to be locked in the park position with the pawl of powered.Controller 20 is gone back network type electron device tube 30 in case stop fire key moves, unless gearshift is in the park position.If below in conjunction with Fig. 9 in greater detail vehicle do not have power, machinery discharges or artificial preferential shop 25 allows the manual releasing of pawls in all gears.The device of this uniqueness has been eliminated the shortcoming in the previous mechanically actuated pawl.Depress the pawl release-push by key is taken out from ignition device, this mechanical pawl is energy " being deceived " (that is, being avoided) usually, thereby allow shifter bar to shift out park.If the main battery of vehicle lost efficacy, also can make magnet coil 12 startings with accessory feed such as battery 26.

If specific application need, controller 20 can also provide the neutral gear locking.For example, Neutral Position on the positioning groove 10 can have and similar " locking " configuration of park positioning groove that needs the starting pawl, to allow shifter bar 4 to shift out neutral gear, if and shifter bar 4 is in the Neutral Position and vehicle does not move in as 5 seconds at a predetermined amount of time, then controller 20 can make pawl 15 engage.Then, if brake pedal is depressed and key is in the running position in ignition device tube 30, controller 20 only makes pawl 15 withdrawals.

Reverse gear position 32 can comprise " end " face 33 (Fig. 3) and sidewall 34, thereby, when shifter bar is in the reverse gear position and pawl 15 when engaging with reverse gear gear 32, pawl 15 prevents that shifter bar from moving in the park position, unless magnet coil 12 is started, but allow to start under the situation of magnet coil 12, move to Neutral Position 35 and forward position 36 in press push button 16 not.Yet, because the sidewall 38 of forward position 36, thus must starting magnet coil 12 with (that is, lower D Drive) position 37 from forward position 36 gear shift to " 3 ".Similarly, the sidewall 39 of Neutral Position 35 prevents that shifter bar from moving to reverse gear position 32 from Neutral Position 35, unless start magnet coil 12 by pressing the button 16.If gearshift is electronics (that is, determining gear with sensor 40), then by neutral gear and park position can being combined for controller 20 programmings, to prevent from the reverse gear gear shift to D Drive, unless satisfy certain vehicle operating standard.For example, can give controller 20 programmings with have only when vehicle falling back respectively and working direction on when being lower than previously selected speed such as 5mph and travelling, just permission is changed to D Drive and is changed to reverse gear from D Drive from reverse gear.In this structure, park and the shared identical gear of neutral gear.

Further with reference to Figure 4 and 5, elastic buffering pad 43 can be positioned at the integrally formed cylinder retainer 42 with pin 15A, so that the pin of magnet coil 12 41 contact damper elements 43 are reducing noise, otherwise will cause noise owing to magnet coil contacts with the bottom surface 62 of pawl pin 15A.And in embodiment shown in Figure 5, the end 44 of pawl 15A does not contact the surface 45 of pallet positioning groove 46, so that can not produce noise owing to the contact between pawl 15A and the pallet positioning groove 46.Similarly, in layout shown in Figure 3, pawl 15A can so constitute, and promptly pawl 15A does not contact the bottom surface of neutral gear positioning groove 35 or D Drive positioning groove 36, thereby abate the noise, otherwise will owing to for example from reverse gear position 32 gear shift to Neutral Position 35 and/or forward position 36 cause noise.

And the layout of Fig. 5 will react in the base portion 2 via the load that bar 4 is applied to positioning groove 10, rather than in magnet coil 12.If applied the load that trends towards running fix groove 10, pawl 15A just will contact the sidewall 47A of the opening 46A that pawl 15A extends through.Pin 41 external diameter is less than the internal diameter of retainer 42, thereby forms a gap 41A, and this gap 41A allows pin 15A and retainer 42 to carry out some with respect to pin 41 to move.Cushion 43 can extend among the 41A of gap with respect to pin 41 location pawl 15A, also allows some relevant moving under the situation that sizable power is not delivered to magnet coil 12 from pawl 15A.Like this, magnet coil 12 does not need the whole loads that are applied to positioning groove 10 via bar 4 are made counteraction.Understand easily, for this purpose can be utilized various elastic connecting devices.Except gear shift positioning groove 10, gearshift 1 can also comprise pallet, and being used for shifter bar 4 remained in the required gear and to the operator provides tactile feedback.For example, as shown in fig. 1, catch element 49 can be installed on spring installation 50 or the like, so that biasing pallet 49 makes it contact with the recess/pallet 48 that forms on gear shifting handle 4.In addition, also can use traditional " cock crown form " detent means, an example of this pallet is illustrated in US Patent 5775166, and its full content is incorporated herein by reference.Thereby the position of pallet decision shifter bar 4 does not need to start in the gear such as neutral gear and D Drive (Fig. 3) of pawl so that shifter bar is remained on, and pallet also provides " sensation " (tactile feedback) to the operator, and pawl 15 is locked in bar 4 in the selected location.Discuss in conjunction with Figure 19 and 20 as following, gear shift positioning groove and pawl can constitute provides a pallet, so that do not need cock crown form detent means.

With reference to figure 6, magnet coil 12A can be installed among the shifter bar structure 4A, and gear shift positioning groove 10A is installed to gearshift base portion 2A.Except positioning groove 10A being fixed to base portion 2A and magnet coil 12A is fixed to shifter bar 4A and moves with it, gear shift arm, magnet coil 12A and gear shift positioning groove 10A are to work with the substantially the same mode of describing in detail above.

Further with reference to figure 7 and 8, magnet coil 12B can be installed among the handle 4B of gearshift 1B, pawl member 15B is parallel to rotation axis 17 ground parallel motions usually, and pawl 15B engages gear shift positioning groove 10B, and to work with the substantially the same mode of describing in detail above.

Further with reference to figure 9, gearshift 1 can comprise manual preferential releasing mechanism 52, is used for losing efficacy and manually breaking away from pawl 15 can not be with electric power operation magnet coil 12 time at for example Vehicular battery.Artificial preferential releasing mechanism 52 comprises elongated displaceable member 53, and it is installed to base portion 2 slidably.Element 53 comprises button 54 in the top, and the operator can promote button 54 downwards so that arm 55 contact pawls 15 and mobile pawl 15 break away from and the engaging of gear shift positioning groove 10 it with hand.Because pawl mechanism 14, pawl 15 and displaceable member 53 are installed to base portion 2, so when gear shift positioning groove 10 moves to each gear along with shifter bar 4, arm 55 keeps aliging with pawl 15, thereby, because the contact between pawl 15 and the arm 55, magnet coil 12 is biased to also biasing element 53 upwards of spring in the engage position.In addition, also can come upwards biasing element 53 with disc spring 63 or the like.And, owing to arm 55 adheres to aliging with pawl 15, so can with manual priority releasing mechanism 52 pawl 15 be moved in the disengaging configuration in any position of shifter bar 4 (for example, park, reverse gear, neutral gear, D Drive or the like).And, as mentioned above,, preventing pawl 15 startings by in being in park the time except the situation of depressing brake pedal 29, controller 20 can constitute providing the locking of stopping.For the hand starting that prevents pawl 15 gets around the locking of stopping, can utilize one will discharge manual override mechanism 52 with cover or other mechanical lock (not shown) of key.And vehicle can comprise backup power, and as the boosting battery (not shown), even main battery lost efficacy, backup power can be used for starting magnet coil 12.Thereby even main car battery does not have enough electric charges to operate magnet coil 12, backup power also can allow the release of pawl 15.

Further with reference to Figure 10, can arrange magnet coil 12 like this, promptly the end 44 of pawl 15 does not engage the lower surface of Neutral Position 35 and forward position 36, thereby reduces noise, otherwise will cause noise owing to pawl 15 collision gear shift positioning grooves 10.In the example shown, the end 44 of pawl 15 has the range by line " A " expression, gap " B " is formed between the surface of the end 44 of pawl 15 and neutral gear positioning groove 35 and D Drive positioning groove 36, thereby, if shifter bar 4 moves to Neutral Position 35 from reverse gear position 32, pawl 15 can not collide gear shift positioning groove 10.

Preferably, the button 16 that is used for starting magnet coil 12 is electric switches.Because switch is electric, so shifter bar 4 and 19 the shape and size of handling knob can not suffer restraints as previous mechanical trip.And, can provide various functions with input to the controller programming based on button 16, for example, promote (" pressing ") with the single that only needs button 16 can for controller 20 programmings comes from the park gear shift to reverse gear, but may be in very little time gap promote that button 16 starts pawl 14 for the second time and from the reverse gear gear shift to park, thereby prevent that by mistake gear shift is in park.And, the distance that can also utilize button 16 to move is controlled magnet coil 12 pro rata, for example, as shown in Figure 10, may need pawl 15 to be withdrawn into and move to " R " or move to " 3 " from " N " from " D " to allow bar 4 by the primary importance shown in the line " C ".The position that pawl 15 may need to move to line " E " moves to " P " or moves to " R " from " P " from " R " to allow bar 4.Can give controller 20 programmings, with when button 16 is pressed next first apart from the time, pawl 15 moved to position C and when the time with the next second distance of button 16 pressures, pawl 15 is moved to the position E of common bigger second distance.Gear shift positioning groove 10 can constitute and comprise other gear bands, and as 2 and 1 (L), these gears need pawl 15 to be withdrawn into position F and G in addition.Can give controller 20 programmings, pawl 15 is withdrawn into these positions based on further pressing down of button 16.Button 16 can comprise pallet and/or audible signal in each position, so that the operator can determine how far button 16 is supressed.And, can give controller 20 programmings, control the distance that pawl 15 moves at least in part to control, for example based on the number of times of press push button 16, if press push button 16 once, pawl 15 can be withdrawn into position " C ", if depress twice, is withdrawn into position E, if depress three times, be withdrawn into position F,, be withdrawn into position G if depress four times.Further, can use the speed of button 16 and the starting of Acceleration Control pawl.

And as shown in fig. 1, gearshift can not comprise that being used for the operator imports to control the button 16 of magnet coil 12 and pawl 15.If do not use button 16, then only determine the control of magnet coil 12 based on vehicle operating parameters by controller 20.For example, when the operator entered vehicle at first, controller 20 can start magnet coil 12, pawl 15 is broken away from depressing.Then, the operator moves to required gear with shifter bar, and controller 20 arrives required gear with change-speed box 20 gear shift.Can give controller 20 programmings to prevent moving based on vehicle operating parameters to some gear, for example, with reference to Figure 10, can give controller 20 programmings, if pawl is in the forward position, and, then prevent the withdrawal of pawl 15 when vehicle moves forward as 10mph and operator attempt when shifter bar 4 is moved to reverse gear position just at a predetermined velocity.And, as following in conjunction with the gearshift as shown in Figure 33 and 34 in greater detail, shifter bar 4 can be attached to the simulation rotational position sensor, so that controller 20 can be determined the position of shifter bar 4 and the moving direction of shifter bar 4, even shifter bar is between the gear.Thereby, if vehicle just moves forward with for example 10mph, and when operator's attempt moves to " 3 " gear with shifter bar 4, then controller 20 can start magnet coil 12, but (for example based on the moving direction of shifter bar 4 and vehicle operating parameters, the speed of a motor vehicle), controller 20 can not start magnet coil 12 and moves to reverse gear position allowing.

And gear shift positioning groove 10 can comprise the different gear recesses of differing heights, so that can be based on the shift position of vehicle operating parameters and/or shifter bar 4, selected distance of magnet coil 12 startings allowing some gear shift, but be prevented other shift.Gear shift positioning groove 10 can comprise the lip 33A (Figure 10) on the reverse gear recess, controller 20 can make the bigger distance of pawl 15 withdrawal allowing the lower gear that lowers category step by step when the speed of a motor vehicle reduces, and these are the recess of the low-grade location pawl 15 of need withdrawing more more.Lip 33A can have a height, and this highly needs low-down speed, and (for example, 5mph) allowing gear shift to swap out in reverse gear or from reverse gear, the height of lip 33A can be identical with the height of the recess of the minimum gear that advances.Lug boss 33B between park and the reverse gear gear can have a height, and this highly needs pawl 15 to withdraw fully, only determines that at controller vehicle does not have just can take place under the mobile situation withdrawal fully of pawl 15.Controller 20 can also utilize other vehicle operating parameters, as driving engine per minute rotating speed or the like, with the withdrawal degree of control pawl 15.And controller 20 can so constitute, and promptly swapping out from park needs pedal to be depressed and key is in the running position ignition device.

And, controller 20 can constitute when the operator depresses brake pedal at first and ignition device moved to the running position, starting magnet coil 12 is so that pawl 15 disengagings, then, magnet coil 12 will remain on retracted mode to allow moving of shifter bar, once more shifter bar be moved to the park position up to the operator.If satisfy some vehicle operating parameters, starting magnet coil 12 when then controller 20 is only in being in the park position, for example, just previously selected speed is travelled and/or if brake pedal is depressed to be lower than if controller 20 can constitute vehicle, then start magnet coil 12 so that pawl 15 is bonded in the park position, yet, during operation, when shifter bar be in other gear such as reverse gear, neutral gear, D Drive, 3 or other gear in the time, pawl 15 will remain on retracted mode.Though when vehicle on working direction with previously selected speed such as 10mph travels or when travelling greater than this speed, the operator for example can move to reverse gear from D Drive with shifter bar, but controller 20 can not change over reverse gear with the gear of change-speed box, unless vehicle just (for example, 10mph) travels and/or other vehicle operating parameters is within the allowed band of required gear shift to be lower than previously selected speed.If the operator moves to a gear with shifter bar 4, show and wish that gear shift to a controller determines not allow in the gear of gear shift, then shifter bar 4 will can be not synchronous with change-speed box, indicating device will glisten to send signal to chaufeur as the indicating device 202 in conjunction with the more detailed argumentation of gearshift of Figure 26 below, illustrate that required gear shift does not take place.

In addition, can change the design of button 16 to provide tactile feedback to the user.For example, button 16 can constitute provides one to provide " ratchet " and/or the pallet of tactile sensation to the user, to have shown with button down required distance.In addition, provide proportional control if button 16 constitutes the distance that is depressed based on button 16, then button 16 can constitute provides a series of pallets, and each pallet is all corresponding with the distance that button 16 is depressed.In addition, promote the required power of button to provide the tactile feedback except changing, the cooresponding sound of distance that provides one to be depressed with button 16 can also be provided button 16, to provide feedback to the user.

Further, can make gearshift 4 in the mode of cost economy with reference to Figure 11.More specifically, the elongate portion 54 of handle can be inserted the opening 57 of protecgulum 58, then, can will handle knob 19 plastic core 59 joinings, bonding or otherwise be attached to the end 60 of bar 4, then, can load onto leather sheath 61 or the like.The multiple gear shift that this layout permission will have difformity and/or outward appearance is handled knob and easily is attached on the shifter bar 4, thereby, can easily gearshift " customization " be matched with the indoor design with particular vehicle, and not need brand new shifter bar and associated components.In addition, electric gear shift button 16 eliminated to handle knob and shifter bar in the mechanical release mechanism and the needs of fitting that are associated, so can change the design and/or the outward appearance of handling knob, and do not need to carry out a large amount of effort, otherwise provide new connector and associated components needs.And, gear shift can be handled knob and rod becomes single-piece, monomeric unit, this has saved expense considerably, and single-piece, monomer are handled knob and can be used in the gear shift dust protecting cap and be comprised in the application in the assembly.And, because shifter bar and handle knob and do not need to hold the internal mechanical connector that is used for operating pawl,, and can comprise that single-piece handles knob so shifter bar can be injection moulded and make (rather than steel pipe system).

Further with reference to Figure 12, comprise according to another embodiment of gearshift of the present invention have park, " automatically " gear shift road 65 of reverse gear, neutral gear and D Drive gear.Gearshift also comprises hand shift road 66, hand shift road 66 have upgrade or "+" position 67 and gear shift to or "-" position 68.When shifter bar 4 was in the autoshift road 65, magnet coil 12 and pawl 15 engaged gear shift positioning groove 10 in mode same as described above basically.Gear shift positioning groove 10 comprises shifter bar acceptance division 69, it receives the base portion 70 of shifter bar 4 when shifter bar 4 is in the autoshift road 65, thereby, shifter bar 4 makes gear shift positioning groove 10 move with respect to pawl 15 along gear shift road 65 around the pivot of first axle 71, allows to control change-speed box with the same way as that the gearshift that combines Fig. 2 is in the above described in detail basically.Yet shifter bar 4 also can pivot to move in the hand shift road 66 around second axis 72.When shifter bar 4 was moved to hand shift road 66, the base portion 70 of shifter bar 4 shifted out, not with the engaging of the acceptance division 69 of gear shift location slotware 73.When shifter bar 4 was moved to hand shift road 66, pawl 15 engaged the D Drive recess position 36 of positioning groove 10, remains in the correct position thereby slotware 73 is located in gear shift.Recess 36 can must be enough to comprise D Drive and neutral gear gear greatly, in this case, shifter bar 4 moves to the hand shift road, thereby, pawl 15 keeps engaging with positioning groove 10, thereby keep positioning groove 10, make when shifter bar moves between hand shift road and the autoshift road, do not need independent lock piece or the like to come holding member.And cable 77 still is connected to gear shift positioning groove 10, makes cable 77 without any need for separating/connecting device again.When shifter bar 4 is in the hand shift road 66, it can be pivoted in "+" or "-" position around axis 71.When in the position 67 that upgrading, bar 4 contact pickups 74, when in downshift position 68, bar 4 contact pickups 75.Sensor 74 and 75 is operably connected to controller 20 by line 76, and controller 20 produces signal to change-speed box 21, makes 21 liters one grade of change-speed box or falls one grade.In a preferred embodiment, in the time of in being in autoshift road 65, bar 4 control cables 77 are with control change-speed box 21.Yet, in autoshift road 65, also can use sensor 40, then, provide input with electric wire 76 to vehicle control device 20, thereby when bar 4 was in the gear shift road 65, mechanical cables 77 can be used separately or use with control change-speed box 21 with sensor 40 and controller 20.In addition, can cancel cable 77, can control change-speed boxs 21 with sensor 40 and controller 20.Gearshift can also comprise autoshift road 65 is connected to sensor 51 in the horizontal road 79 in hand shift road 66, to provide signal to controller 20, shows that shifter bar 4 65 moves to 66 from the road, or 66 moves to 65 from the road.In addition, can determine the position of bar 4 with the simulation rotational position sensor around axis 71 and/or axis 72, and, can keep gear shift location slotware 73 and/or shifter bar 4 with traditional cock crown form or other suitable detent means, and when it rotates around axis 71 and/or axis 72, provide tactile feedback to the operator.Can determine the position of shifter bar in automatic and hand shift road with single rotational position sensor.

Referring to figs. 13 through 16A, can use different gear shift patterns about gearshift of the present invention.For example, Figure 13 represents " tradition " autoshift road 65, and Figure 14 exemplarily represents the gear shift pattern of the gearshift of Figure 12.Autoshift road 66 is also can be as shown in Figure 15 directed like that, also can adopt first one 78, second ones 79 and the 3rd ones 80 " snakelike " gear shift pattern of having as shown in Figure 16, can also adopt "+" gear shift pattern as shown in Figure 16 A.

Gearshift of the present invention can use with electric park locking piece or mechanical parking shelves locking piece.With reference to figure 3, electric park locking piece is used to the input of spontaneous ignition switch tube 30, brake pedal 29 or park indicating device sensor/switch 28.Give controller 20 programmings, if in ignition lock tube 30, there not be the key of lighting a fire, if or key be not in " running " position, then prevent the starting (i.e. " locking ") of pawl mechanism 14.If key in ignition lock tube 30 and it rotate to " running " position, pawl mechanism 14 " release " then.When pawl 14 releases, if vehicle operators promotes button 16 and shifter bar 4 is in the park position and brake pedal 29 is depressed, then controller 20 will start pawl.And, if pawl 14 releases (promptly, key is in the ignition device, ignition device is in the running position), if button 16 is depressed and shifter bar 4 is in reverse gear, neutral gear, D Drive or other gear that advances, then no matter whether brake pedal 29 is depressed, controller 20 all will start pawl 14.And, give controller 20 programmings, if shifter bar 4 is in reverse gear, neutral gear, D Drive or the like the position (that is, any position except park), then prevent from from ignition device tube 30, to take out key.Can expect, controller 20 can be based on other vehicle operating parameters control pawl 14, for example, when shifter bar 4 be in the reverse gear position and vehicle with previously selected speed when mobile backward, pawl 14 can be " locked " to prevent that gear shift unexpectedly is in park when vehicle moves.The formation of reverse gear positioning groove 32 (Fig. 3) still allows bar 4 to move to neutral gear and forward position.

With reference to Figure 17 and 18, mechanical parking shelves locking piece 84 comprises park locking cam 85, and it remains on shifter bar 4 in the park position, is in the lock tube 30, as shown in Figure 3 unless depress brake pedal 29 and key.Park locking cam 85 is installed to base portion 2 by pivot 86, and pivot 86 is above shifter bar pivot axis 71.Cam 85 is connected to mechanical key lock tube 30A by traditional park locking cable 87, groove or track 89 in park locking cam locating dowel pin 88 engagement cam 85 on the shifter bar 4, and this groove or track 89 are formed by the wall on the cam 85 90.Torsion spring 91 is offset cam 85 in the clockwise direction, and the conventional springs (not shown) in the cable 87 works between the overcoat (not shown) of " ground (ground) " and cable 87 with tension cable 87.So select the geometric configuration of groove 89, promptly when with shifter bar 4 when park moves to reverse gear position because pin 88 is mobile in groove 89, cam 85 will rotate in the counterclockwise direction around pivot 86.The left-hand revolution of cam 85 makes cable 87 (for example move (" elongated ") scheduled volume on the direction of arrow " C ", 10mm), the mobile key cylinder 30A that locked of cable 87, so that when shifter bar 4 is not in the park, ignition key can not be taken out from tube 30A.The geometric configuration of groove 89 guarantees that cable 87 remains in the elongated state, thereby has locked tube 30A and prevent to take out ignition key when shifter bar 4 is in all positions (for example, reverse gear, neutral gear and D Drive or the like) except park.

In identical with above-mentioned tube 30 basically mode, a lock tube 30A comprises sensor, and this sensor produces signals to controller 20, shows whether key exists to be in the off-position with ignition device or to be in " running " position.When using mechanical parking shelves locking piece 84, to give controller 20 programmings with the identical mode that the electric park locking piece of top combination (Fig. 3) is described in detail basically, start pawl mechanism 14 and swap out preventing, be in the running position and promote button 16 unless depress brake pedal 29 and ignition key from park.

Controller 20 is operably connected to the master controller in the vehicle, so that can be based on other vehicle input control magnet coil 12.For example, a sensor can determine whether to have used seatbelt, and prevents that shifter bar 4 from shifting out the park position, unless used seatbelt.In addition, can give controller 20 programmings, to control magnet coil 12 as engine speed, the speed of a motor vehicle or acceleration/accel and lateral acceleration or the like on rectilinear direction based on other vehicle input.Thereby, can give controller 20 programmings, if there is previously selected engine speed, then prevent to lower category, or can programme to control gear shift in other mode based on speed of a motor vehicle or the like.

As above in conjunction with Figure 3, can form positioning groove to allow under the situation that does not have press push button 16, moving to neutral gear and D Drive from reverse gear.In addition, each gear (for example, reverse gear, neutral gear, D Drive or the like) can have " locking " positioning groove configuration, shown in Fig. 5,19 or 22, " locking " positioning groove configuration has sidewall, and this sidewall prevents that pawl from shifting out gear in any one direction, unless pawl mechanism 14 is started.In this structure, must promote button 16 so that shifter bar 4 is shifted out all gears, and change-speed box is automatically controlled (that is, not using cable 22).And, keep synchronously for controller 20 programmings to guarantee gearshift 1 and change-speed box.For example, if vehicle just travels on astern direction with 10mph, if then gearshift is moved to forward position, vehicle electronics (for example, controller 20) can prevent that also shifting of transmission is to D Drive.In this case, gearshift and change-speed box are with asynchronous, and gearshift is in D Drive and change-speed box is in reverse gear.In order to prevent this situation, even actuation button 16 does not allow gearshift gear shift from any gear yet, unless controller 20 approvals.Like this, if car just moves with previously selected speed such as 10mph, vehicle operators can not physically shift out reverse gear with gearshift, thereby, each gear all is a latched position, do not move to any grade freedom, unless controller 20 determines to allow to carry out gear shift based on selected vehicle operating parameters, and starting magnet coil or actuator.By this way, controller 20 is kept synchronism.

And controller 20 can also constitute the distance that moves by control pawl 15 and keep synchronism, and wherein the miles of relative movement of pawl is determined by controller 20 rather than vehicle operators.(for example, Figure 10), controller 20 can be by guaranteeing synchronism with very little distance of pawl 15 withdrawals, and this is apart from the gear shift that allows from the D Drive to D2, but be not enough to from the gear shift that advances to reverse gear for gear shift positioning groove by a suitable construction is provided.

And, controller 20 can constitute with basically with the identical mode described in US Patent 6209408 and 6405611, determine position, direction, speed and/or the acceleration/accel of shifter bar 4, the full content of these two pieces of patents is incorporated herein by reference at this.Controller 20 can constitute the starting that allows pawl 15 at least in part based on position, direction, speed and/or the acceleration/accel of shifter bar 4.For example, if vehicle just moves on working direction with 30mph, then controller 20 can allow shifter bar 4 to move to D2 from D Drive, but does not allow to move to reverse gear from D Drive.After promoting button 16 starting pawls 15, if controller 20 determines that shifter bars 4 begin to move to reverse gear and vehicle just at a predetermined velocity to overtake from D Drive, controller 20 just promptly pawl 15 is engaged again in case being moved further of stopping bar 4, if but shifter bar 4 begins to move to D2 from D Drive, just pawl 15 is engaged again.In addition, controller 20 also can be at starting magnet coil 12 and pawl 15 determining the position and the speed of shifter bar 4 before allowing the moving of shifter bar 4, thereby, controller 20 will " preferentially " in operator's input to prevent the mobile of shifter bar based on vehicle operating parameters.

In addition, controller 20 can provide the limited starting (that is, limited stroke) of pawl 15 and the Position And Velocity of definite shifter bar 4 together with the gear shift positioning groove 10 of suitable configuration, to keep the synchronism of shifter bar 4 and change-speed box.For example, if vehicle moves forward with the speed that is higher than predetermined value, if bar 4 is moving to reverse gear from D Drive, then controller 20 can make pawl 15 engage a little distance again, to prevent that it from moving to reverse gear position, if but vehicle do not move forward with being higher than predetermined speed, then allow pawl break away from fully, so that shifter bar 4 can be moved to reverse gear from D Drive.

In another embodiment, by the gear shift positioning groove that uses a kind of wherein each gear all to be " locked ", when press push button 16, gearshift will be only from a gear gear shift to another gear.In this structure, bar 4 moves when only it leaves that position in controller 20 approvals, and only engages next gear when release-push, and therefore, in some sense, button works as power-transfer clutch.When bar moves to park and maintenance when pressing the button from low D Drive, when giving controller 20 programmings with each position of convenient bar process, change-speed box not each the gear place between low gear and park is engaged, and only described change-speed box will engage when button 16 is released to new gear.

Preferably, the magnet coil 12 that comprises the electricity operation with the pawl mechanism 14 of powered, yet other driver train such as electrical motor and gear system such as gear/tooth bar or helical wheel, hydraulic actuating cylinder, air-actuator or the like also can be used to provide the power starting of pawl.In addition, up to now, pawl is described as being biased in the engage position, and is provided with power and makes its disengaging, also can use other device, engage and disconnecting gear as power; Also can use the bistable electro magnetic coil.In addition, the pawl of setovering is disengaged it, and can start pawl to engage the gear shift positioning groove.And, can also with other can manually operated shift member such as dial, with basically with on regard to the described identical mode of shifter bar and control change-speed box, rather than use shifter bar.An example of the gearshift of rotating disk type discloses in the US Patent 6295887 in October 2 calendar year 2001, and its full content is incorporated herein by reference at this.

Further with reference to Figure 19 and 20, in another embodiment, gear shift positioning groove 100 and magnet coil 12 are constituted as the pallet function are provided, and do not use independent " cock crown form detent means (roostercomb) ".Magnet coil 12 comprises pipe link 102, and pipe link 102 operationally links to each other with spring 101, and roller 103 is installed on the end of bar 102, and constitutes joint P, R, N, D, 3, positioning groove position 104.As shown in Figure 20, when not starting magnet coil 12, the spring 105 that roller 103 will be positioned in the magnet coil 12 is biased to by in the position shown in the line " H ", and when magnet coil 12 startings, roller 103 moves to by the position shown in the line " I ".When mobile shifter bar 4, roller 103 will contact the angled end face 106 of extension 107 and move to by the line shown in the letter " J ".When roller 103 when angled surperficial 106 move, exterior spring 101 is further compressed, thereby provides the pallet function between each gear P, R or the like.Yet, when roller 103 is among the complete extended position H in positioning groove position 104, owing to contact with the sidewall 108 of extension 107, roller 103 is forbidden moving of shifter bar 4, thereby, gear shift positioning groove 100 provides the pallet function, otherwise needs independent " cock crown form detent means " to realize this function.

Further with reference to Figure 21, shifter bar 4 can be made by moulding material such as polymer material or the like, and metallic conductor 109 and 110 is molded in the shifter bar 4.Electric-conductor 109 and 110 is connected to electric wire 111 and 112, electric wire 111 and 112 is molded in the shifter bar 4 and near the base portion 113 of bar 4 and withdraws from, electric-conductor 114 and 115 is molded into gear shift and handles knob in 119, and be electrically connected to button 16 by electric wire 116 and 117 or the like, handling knob 19 comprises cavity 18, and the shape of cavity 18 is tight corresponding with the end 119 of shifter bar 4.In fitting process, handling knob 19 slides on the end 119 of bar 4, so that the electric contact 114 and 115 of handling knob in 19 is electrically connected to electric-conductor 109 and 110 respectively in shifter bar 4.This layout can realize cost very economical and rapidly the assembling, the failure-free electrical connection also is provided simultaneously.As required, electric wire 111 and 112 externally the as prescribed route lead to other electronic unit in controller 20 or the vehicle.In addition, can use light emitter and detector to replacing electrical connector 109,110 and 114,115, and, electric wire 111 and 112 can be electrically connected to the electrical connector 121 of slip, to transmit electric signal from the shifter bar 4 around the pivot fitting 120.

In the present invention is aspect another, controller 20 can be connected to radio transmitter/receptor, this emitter/receptor will transmit and/or receive the signal of key chain of carrying from vehicle user or the like, so that the security personnel of no key vehicle to be provided.Prevent the starting of pawl when being in park or other position at shifter bar can for controller 20 programmings, show the signal that has correct car key chain unless controller 20 receives one.Key chain is a transponder, and it produces unique signal/coding, and controller 20 will prevent the starting of magnet coil 12, unless identify the correct coding of particular vehicle.By this way, the application's electric switch pawl provides extra security level.

As mentioned above, pawl 15 can be directly connected to magnet coil 12, so that pawl 15 is along with magnet coil 12 moves.In addition, also can magnet coil 12 and gear shift positioning groove 123 operationally be connected to each other, as shown in Figure 22 with crank mechanism 122.In an example shown, P, R, N, D and 3 positioning groove position are formed by recess 124, and the shape of recess 124 is corresponding with pawl 125.The bar 126 of pawl 125 is connected to fulcrum 131, and fulcrum 131 and first and second connecting rods 127 and 128 rotatably are connected to each other.Guiding piece on sliding part 130 neutral lines guiding second connecting rod 128 such as pin or the like 132, third connecting rod 129 is at the 132 pivotable second connecting rods 128 that are connected to.Crank mechanism 122 and magnet coil 12 can be installed to shifter bar, and positioning groove 123 is maintained fixed.In addition, magnet coil and crank mechanism 122 can be installed to the base portion of gearshift, and gear shift positioning groove 123 can be formed on the shifter bar.Crank mechanism disclosure in US Patent 5775166 as shown in Figure 22, its full content is incorporated herein by reference.Crank mechanism 122 has been stipulated the transmission by the power of connector, rather than by magnet coil 12.And crank mechanism 122 can constitute provides sizable mechanical advantage, and it can produce the bigger power that pawl 125 is joined in the recess 124.When pawl 125 full engagements were in recess 124, connecting rod 127 and 128 was " locked " and forms straight line, so that pass through axially counteraction of connecting rod 127 and 128 in the power that acts on the direction of sliding part 130 on the pawl 125.And when starting magnet coil 12, crank mechanism 122 produces the very big power that pawl 125 is broken away from, thereby even the operator applies a power to shifter bar when button 16 is pressed, also can guarantee to break away from.For example, 10,25 or 50 newton's power is applied to shifter bar 4, also can guarantees the disengaging of pawl 125 by magnet coil 12 even magnet coil 12, pawl 125, gear shift positioning groove 124 and crank mechanism 122 can constitute the operator.The crank mechanism 122 of Figure 22 can easily merge in the gearshift, the gearshift as shown in Fig. 7 and 8 of the application.

An angle [alpha] has been determined with the front surface 134 of gear shift positioning groove 123 in the side 133 of recess 124, and preferably, the surface 135 of pawl 125 is parallel to surface 133.Angle [alpha] influences the quantity of the required power of mobile shifter bar, although pawl 125 engages with recess 124.For example,, then be administered to load on the shifter bar and will trend towards making surface 135 on surface 133, to slide owing to the interaction of wedge shape, thereby pawl 125 is released and the engaging of recess 124 if angle [alpha] is very little.In addition, if α is 90 degree or near 90 degree, then the less power on the shifter bar will produce bigger friction force between the surface 135 of the surface 133 of recess 124 and pawl 125, thereby need bigger power that pawl 125 is broken away from.Except angle [alpha], the friction coefficient between the surface 133 and 135 is also influential to these power.Usually, though with gearshift be designed to will be for example 50,100 or 150 pounds predetermined force be applied to and handle knob, also can allow the release of pawl 125, starting magnet coil 12 breaks away from pawl 125.On the contrary, if magnet coil 12 starting is made under pawl 125 and the situation that recess 124 engages, even will be for example 50,100 or 150 pounds external force be applied to handling knob of shifter bar, also can selected angle α and frictional behavior engage with recess 124 maintenances to guarantee pawl 125.The frictional behavior that depends on pawl 125 and recess 124, preferably, angle is in about 50 and spends in the scope of about 85 degree, more preferably, is in about 60 and spends in the scope of about 80 degree.The US Patent of authorizing people such as Osborn 5775166 that incorporates has above disclosed magnet coil and crank connecting link spare is arranged.Yet, the recess of the gearshift of the patent 5775166 of Osborn all is not a same depth, so crank connecting link spare is not in some gears in " locking " structure, the power on the shifter bar in the patent 5775166 be applied to Osborn that makes will make crank connecting link spare crush, even it is quite little to be applied to the power of shifter bar, also allow shifter bar to move.Understand easily, the principle of Miao Shuing was applicable to some designs just now, and these designs do not comprise crank mechanism 122, but had the pawl 125 of the actuator that is directly connected to magnet coil 12 or other generation power, with from recess 124 direct connects/disengaging pawl 125.Thereby, can be based on frictional behavior selected angle α, when pawl 125 engages with recess 124, to provide mobile shifter bar required bigger power, and allow by less magnet coil 12 or other actuator that produces power pawl 125 to be broken away from from recess 124, even a power is applied to shifter bar.

Another embodiment according to the application's gearshift is shown in Figure 23, and gearshift 140 comprises shifter bar 4D, handles knob or handle 19D and button 16D.Further with reference to Figure 24, gearshift 4D rotatably is installed to base portion 2D around traditional pivot 141, and magnet coil 12D is installed to base portion 2D, and starting pawl 15D engages with the gear shift positioning groove 10D that forms in the base portion 142 of shifter bar 4D.Further with reference to Figure 25, gear shift positioning groove 10 comprises and cooresponding first cavity 143 in park position, and wall portion 144 separates park cavity 143 and adjacent cavity 145, and cavity 145 is corresponding with reverse gear position, when engaging cavity 145 with convenient pawl, gearshift arrives reverse gear with shifting of transmission.Wedge portion or slope 146 separate reverse gear cavity 145 and adjacent cavity 147, and wedge portion 146 comprises first skew wall 148 in the face of cavity 145, also comprise the straight wall 149 adjacent with cavity 147.The non-press push button 16D if when pawl is in the cavity 145, promote shifter bar 4D forward, then pawl 15D will 148 slide surfacewise, thereby make pawl 15D withdrawal and make the operator can mobile shifter bar 4D, up to pawl 15D till Neutral Position engages cavity 147.Yet if catch bar 4D and non-press push button 16D backward, straight wall 149 will prevent that shifter bar from moving to reverse gear position from Neutral Position.Cavity 147 had both comprised that Neutral Position also comprised forward position, thus vehicle operators can be with bar 4D from the Neutral Position gear shift to forward position with from the forward position gear shift to Neutral Position, and need not start pawl by press push button 16D.Gearshift 140 comprises traditional cock crown form detent means 150, cock crown form detent means 150 comprises a plurality of teeth 151 and the fastener 152 on the base portion 142 of bar 4D, fastener 152 is engaged with pallet 151 by spring 153 biasings, thereby, though afterwards when pawl 15D is in the cavity 147, moving to forward position and move to Neutral Position from forward position from neutral gear does not need to start pawl 15D, but cock crown form detent means 150 provides the pallet function, thereby shifter bar 4D is remained in the desired location.Wall 145 separates cavity 147 and adjacent cavity 155, the cavity 155 of gear shift positioning groove 10D is corresponding with lower forward position D3, D2 and D1, thereby, must be by press push button 16D starting pawl 15D moving to control 155 from cavity 147 and to move to cavity 147 from cavity 155, but the operator can be between D3, D2 and D1 position gear shift and need not be by button 16D starting pawl 15D.Traditional adaptor union 156 and bracing wire 157 are operably connected to transmission for vehicles, with the mobile control change-speed box based on shifter bar 4D.

Gearshift according to a further aspect of the present invention is shown in Figure 26 and 27.Gearshift 160 comprises shifter bar 4E, and it can move in "+" shown in Figure 27 161.Gear shift pattern 161 comprises forward position 162, reverse gear position 163, Neutral Position 164 and park position 165, shifter bar 4E comprises ball-shaped ball 166 in its lower end, ball 166 has and receives the recessed 167 of pawl 168, and pawl 168 is connected to magnet coil 170 by damping connection 169.Thereby withdrawal pawl 168 shifts out center 176 with shifter bar 4E needs starting magnet coil 170.Carry out the spring biasing by 174 pairs of a plurality of plungers 173 of spring, thereby bar 4E is biased in the center 176.Plunger 173 and spring 174 are arranged on each place in gear D Drive 162, reverse gear 163, neutral gear 164 and the park 165, so that shifter bar 4E is biased in the center.Elastic damping O shape ring 175 on the plunger 174 contact shifter bar 4E, ball 166 are received in the top loop 171 and bottom ring 172 that is kept by upper case 177, intermediate case part 178 and lower case 179 slidably.The pin 180 and 181 stretch out from ball 166, and be accommodated in the opposite direction groove 182 and 183 and lower case 179 in.Pin 180 and 181 prevents handle 4E around its axis 184 rotations, but allows bar 4E to rotate in the position of D Drive 162, reverse gear 163, neutral gear 164 and park 165.

Guiding piece 185 is fixed to lower case 79, and keeps pawl 168, and also in pawl 168 and ball 166 recessed 167 when engaging, reception is input to the load of handle 4E by the operator.Pawl 168 has the shape of spike, and it comprises pin portion 186 and single-piece flat circular head 187.Similarly, the bar 188 that stretches out from magnet coil 170 comprises the flat circular head 189 that contacts with the head 187 of pawl 168, and the elastic component 190 of ring-type extends around head 187 and 189, thereby pawl 168 and bar 188 are connected to each other.Yet, elastic component 190 has necessarily flexible, thereby when pawl 168 is locked, when a power is applied to shifter bar 4E, allow pawl 168 a little on even keel move, so that head 187 moves with respect to head 189, and sizable power can be delivered to magnet coil 170.Because the pin portion 186 of pawl 168 closely is received in the guiding piece 185, thereby the power that is delivered to pawl 168 is passed in the guiding piece 185 rather than is delivered in the magnet coil 170.Whole embodiments of the gearshift described in the application can comprise and arrange similar guiding piece and adaptor union shown in Figure 26, guaranteeing that with pawl the load that is applied on the gear shifting handle when locked is delivered in the base portion of gearshift, rather than be delivered in the magnet coil.Yet, if used the crank mechanism shown in Figure 22, do not need this guiding piece and adaptor union usually, because crank mechanism itself is delivered to power the base portion of gearshift.Further with reference to Figure 28 and 29, upper case 177 comprises very big opening 191, opening 191 have with D Drive gear 162 cooresponding to forward extension 194 and with the reverse gear gear 163 cooresponding portions 195 that extend back, the part 196 and 197 of opening 191 is extended in the opposite direction to form Neutral Position 164 and park position 165 respectively.Four passages 192 receive plunger 173 and spring 174 (Figure 26), and form the opening 193 of faces aperture 191.

With reference to Figure 26, gearshift 160 can comprise or not comprise by the button of operator's hand starting or other device so that the pawl by magnet coil 170 startings is disengaged.Controller 20 is operably connected to the sensor 203 in the vehicle, sensor 203 determine vehicles advance and/or reverse direction on speed.Switch or sensor 198 are operably connected to controller 20 and produce and the residing gear of shifter bar 4E (P, R, N, D) cooresponding signal.Whether whether controller 20 also is operably connected to a sensor, and this sensor determines whether brake pedal 199 is depressed, also determine to exist in ignition device tube 200 key in key and the ignition device 200 to be in the running position.Controller 20 also is electrically connected to automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 201 and visual detector 202, and visual detector 202 provides visual presentation, and as luminous D, R, P or N, its expression change-speed box 201 is in gear wherein at present.

In the course of the work, if do not depress brake pedal 199, and there is not key in ignition device 200, to be in the running position, controller 20 locking pawls 168 then, thereby, when the operator entered vehicle at first, bar 4E can not move, when the operator depresses brake pedal 199 and key be in the running position in ignition device 200 till.If satisfy these conditions, controller 20 just starts magnet coil 170 so that pawl 168 withdrawals.In the normal course of operation of vehicle, pawl 168 is stayed in the retracted position, so as vehicle operators can make shifter bar 4E forward, oppositely or left-to-rightly move (" touching ").When vehicle stopped once more, by making change-speed box 201 enter park in the position of bar 4E being touched park 165, when taking out key from ignition device 200, controller 20 engaged pawl 168.In addition, also can fully phase out pawl 168, so that shifter bar 4E always moves freely.

If the operator makes it be in the running position pawl 168 is broken away from by depressing brake pedal 199 and key being put into ignition device 200, the operator can select required gear by touch shifter bar 4E on required direction so.If chaufeur touches shifter bar 4E in the D Drive gear 162, change-speed box 201 will move to D Drive.In addition, if touch shifter bar 4E towards reverse gear position 163, then change-speed box 201 arrives reverse gear position with gear shift.Similarly, if move shifter bar 4E towards neutral gear gear 164, then change-speed box 201 arrives Neutral Position with gear shift.

Controller 20 is connected on the sensor, these sensors determine to advance and/or reverse direction on the speed of a motor vehicle.Controller 20 can also be connected to the sensor 203 of determining other vehicle operating parameters, as the displacement of the Das Gaspedal in the vehicle, engine speed, steering wheel angle, vehicle acceleration, vehicle lateral acceleration or other vehicle operating parameters on the direction forward or backward.For example, when the operator touched shifter bar 4E in the reverse gear position 163, controller 20 can so constitute, and promptly change-speed box 201 arrives the reverse gear gear based on not gear shift of vehicle operating parameters.For example, when if vehicle is just moving forward with previously selected speed such as 10mph or more speed, the operator touches shifter bar towards reverse gear gear 163, and then controller 20 does not change to reverse gear position with the gear of change-speed box 201, and this is because of vehicle just with the speed more than the preset limit value to overtake.Similarly, travel if vehicle is just falling back with previously selected speed or more speed, even then the operator touches shifter bar 4E towards forward position 162, controller 20 can be with change-speed box 201 gear shift to forward position yet.And, can give controller 20 programmings, if so that vehicle just be higher than previously selected speed advance and/or reverse direction on travel and/or do not depress brake pedal, then when shifter bar 4E moves in the park chosen position 165, not with change-speed box 201 gear shift in the park position.Similarly, controller 20 can also change based on the gear in other operational factor limiting transmission 201.For example, if change-speed box 201 is in the Neutral Position and engine speed greater than previously selected speed, 3000rpm for example, if then the operator touches shifter bar 4E towards reverse gear or forward position, controller 20 can be with change-speed box 201 gear shift in reverse gear or D Drive yet.If the operator attempts to change gear and controller 20 and determines that these gears change and be not allowed to, then indicating device 202 luminous, too cry, or provide other appropriate signal to the operator, illustrate that the gear of request changes not generation.

Further, in another embodiment of gearshift shown in Figure 26, can provide and park 165 cooresponding other recessed or cavitys 206, so that can start pawl so that shifter bar 4E is locked in the park position with reference to Figure 30 and 31.And groove 207 can be arranged in the spheroid 205, and it allows moving between forward position 162 and Neutral Position 164 under the situation of inoperative pawl 168.Groove 207 comprise with D Drive gear 162 cooresponding ends 208 and with neutral gear gear 164 cooresponding another ends 209, and, groove 207 can comprise slope 211, itself and recessed 206 joining of being used for the park gear, so that pawl 168 can slide in the situation lower edge of inoperative magnet coil 170 ramped surfaces 211, with under the situation of inoperative magnet coil 170, allow from the center 176 to move to park position 164.Yet, if used slope 211, need to start magnet coil 170 with from recessed 206 joint pawls, shifter bar 4E is shifted out park position 165.Can also provide opening 212 so that shifter bar 4E is locked in the reverse gear position 163.If use spheroid 205, then shifter bar 4E will comprise that button 16 is to allow vehicle operators starting pawl 168.

Further with reference to Figure 33 and 34, gearshift 215 comprises the base portion 216 that has bearing 218, bearing 218 rotatably mounted shells 217, and shell 217 pivots around axis 219 on base portion 216 in left-to-right mode, shown in arrow " A ".Shifter bar 4F is connected to saddle carriage 220 rigidly, and saddle carriage 220 is pivotally mounted to shell 217 by lug boss 222, and pivots around axis 223 on forward and backward directions.Cover plate 225 (Figure 34) comprises the opening 224 of " H " shape, in the time of in being in the position that assembles, shifter bar 4F extends through opening 224, thereby, opening 224 constraint shifter bar 4F move, and provide 226, the first gear shift roads 226, the first gear shift road to comprise park, reverse gear, neutral gear and D Drive gear.The second gear shift road 227 is connected to 226, the second gear shift roads 227, gear shift road by lateral cross road 228 and comprises "+" and "-" gear.In the course of the work, shifter bar 4F is biased in the central authorities 229 in gear shift road 227, and by shifter bar is touched "+" position or "-" position respectively forward, vehicle operators can rise one grade or fall one grade.

Magnet coil 230 is installed in the shell 217, and the opening 232,233 and 234 that is in the sidewall 235 of pawl 231 and saddle carriage 220 of form of pin engages, thereby opening 232,233 and 234 forms gear shift positioning grooves 236.Opening 232 corresponding park gears, opening 233 corresponding reverse gear gears.Opening 234 is elongated, first end, the 237 corresponding D Drive gears of opening 234, second end, the 238 corresponding neutral gear gears of opening 234.Cock crown form detent means 239 is installed on the lower surface of last cross wall 242 of saddle carriage 220, cock crown form detent means 239 comprises a plurality of recesses 240, fastener 241 is biased with cock crown form detent means 239 and engages, thereby when pawl 231 is positioned at opening 234, shifter bar 4F is remained in D Drive or the neutral gear gear.And, when pawl 231 withdrawal and shifter bar 4F between gear when mobile, cock crown form detent means 239 provides tactile feedback to the operator.The second cock crown form detent means 244 is installed to the lower surface of cover plate 225, with with shifter bar 4F when the first gear shift road 226 moves to the second gear shift road 227, with with shifter bar 4F when the second gear shift road 227 moves to the first gear shift road 226, control shifter bar 4F is around the left-to-right rotation of axis 219.Second fastener 243 is engaged with the second cock crown form detent means 244 to upper offset, and when engaging first recess 245, shifter bar 4F remained in the first gear shift road 226 and when engaging second recess 246 shifter bar 4F is remained in the second gear shift road 227.

With reference to Figure 34, extension or button 247 are with pawl or sell on the 231 opposite directions and stretch out from magnet coil 230, button 247 is mechanically connected to the center link and the pawl 231 of magnet coil 230, thereby, button 247 provides the manual releasing of pawl 231, to lose under the situation of electric power, allow manual mobile pawl 231 that it is broken away from and the engaging of opening 232,233 or 234 at vehicle.Thereby the manually artificial priority device that button 247 provides can be used for gear (that is, D Drive, neutral gear, reverse gear or park) pawl 231 being broken away from.

Gearshift 215 is the gearshifts by the electric wire gear shift, makes the position of shifter bar 4F be determined by sensor (or switch), is sent to controller 20 with the cooresponding electric signal of the gear of shifter bar 4F.Shell 217 comprises lug boss 250 (Figure 33), it rotatably is contained in the opening 251 of saddle carriage 220, extension or tab 252 stretch out from the end of lug boss 250, and simulation rotational position sensor 253 is fixed to saddle carriage 220 by construction opening 254.Shifter bar 4F makes saddle carriage 220 and contiguous sensor 253 rotate with respect to tab 252 around the pivot of axis 223, thereby simulation rotational position sensor 253 is determined the position, angle of saddle carriages 220.Thereby, when shifter bar 4F is in the first gear shift road 226, simulation rotational position sensor 253 offers controller 20 with a signal, this signal is corresponding with the position corresponding to the shifter bar 4F of park, reverse gear, neutral gear and forward position, and when shifter bar 4F is in the second gear shift road 227, also will offer controller 20 with the position of "+" and "-" (that is, upgrade and lower category) cooresponding shifter bar 4F in position.Switch or sensor 255 are installed on the flange 256 of base portion 218, when shifter bar 4F and saddle carriage 220 between the first gear shift road 226 and the second gear shift road 227 around axis 218 when mobile left-to-rightly, in the time of in being in the second gear shift road 227, tab 257 contact switches 255, thereby provide signal to controller 20, show that shifter bar 4F is in the first gear shift road 226 or is in the second gear shift road 227.Thereby controller can determine all the time what gear shifter bar is in.Button 16F on the shifter bar 4F offers controller 20 with starting pawl 231 with operator's input.

Can give controller 20 programmings overheated to prevent magnet coil 12, the operator promotes 16 a very long times of button continuously else if, this overheated will generation.Controller 20 can comprise time meter, if so that button has been held a schedule time (for example, 1 minute), controller 20 just makes magnet coil 12 quit work, so pawl will engage gear shift positioning groove 10 once more and lock gearshift, unless press push button once more.Can come setting-up time length according to the needs of application-specific, for example, after 1 minute to 24 hours the time, after 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 45 minutes or one, two or three hours, can magnet coil be failure to actuate in scope that button 16 is depressed continuously by controller 20.In addition, also can use the continuous working formula magnet coil that can be started for a long time.Also can provide the pulse duration modulation (PWM) of electric power to prevent the overheated of magnet coil 12, be subjected to the use of the electromagnetic coil drive of PWM control to eliminate the demand of being failure to actuate for continuous working formula magnet coil and/or magnet coil by controller 20 being constituted to magnet coil 12.In addition, for the overload that prevents magnet coil or actuator or overheated, can use continuous working formula magnet coil.

As mentioned above, various magnet coils can use with top gearshift in greater detail.Magnet coil 260 according to one aspect of the invention has been shown in Figure 35-38.Magnet coil 260 comprises spring 261, center link assembly 262, bar 263, coil-winding tube assembly 264 and shell 265.Bar 263 has the permanent magnet 268 that is connected thereto, and owing to the magnetic-drag of magnet 268 for the end 269 of center link assembly 262, permanent magnet 268 attracted to the end 269 of center link assembly 262 usually.When electric current being applied to coil 266 on correct direction and being provided with to produce the polarity opposite with permanent magnet 268, bar 263 will move (Figure 37) on the direction of arrow " C ".When the electric current of coil 266 is led in disconnection, because the attraction of the end 269 of 268 pairs of center link assemblies 262 of magnet, bar 263 will move on the direction opposite with arrow " C ", thereby magnet coil 260 usefulness permanent magnets 268 rather than pull back spring conduct are at the device that stretches out direction upper offset bar 263.Spring 261 is lighter springs, it is arranged in the gap 267, by guaranteeing that the attraction zone that permanent magnet 268 in the bar 263 turns back to the end 269 of center link assembly 262 turns back to extended position to guarantee bar 263 when coil 266 outages, increases the operating distance of magnet coil.Usually, spring 261 does not produce the power that acts on the bar 263 in the gamut that bar 263 moves, but only be used for guaranteeing outside the attraction zone of the end 269 of center link assembly 262, have enough bias forces that returns that magnet 268 is back into the attraction zone of the end 269 of center link assembly 262, it will make bar 263 return.Can the end 270 that be installed to bar 263 with the suitable pawl of gear shift detent engagement will be constituted.

Magnet coil 260 has many advantages that are better than using the traditional electrical magnetic coil of pull back spring.Magnet 268 provides more powerful power when contacting with the end 269 of center link assembly 262, thereby guarantees that bar 263 and pawl can not be given a shock or be moved out of joint owing to the vibration of suffering and bump in the vehicle operating process.In addition, with respect to use pull back spring and have equal stroke, confining force and draw in the traditional electrical magnetic coil of power, make bar 263 and the pawl withdrawal of installing only needs less current in the coil 266.Can be according to the different aspect of above-mentioned gearshift with magnet coil 260 levels or vertical orientation.In a this layout, magnet coil 260 is orientated has horizontally extending end 270, so that gravity and be not factor on the solenoid actuation direction in the power on the bar 263, can not break away from owing to vibration or bump further to guarantee pawl about the main directive effect of vehicle vibrations.By the suitable direction and the geometric configuration of these internal parts, the design magnet coil can make the function optimization so that favourable force-displacement relationship can be provided for the independent demand in this application.

Should be appreciated that pawl and the control arrangement with powered of the present invention also can be used for controlling the vehicle that does not have " tradition " automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter.For example, electric car or the like comprises input component, and this input component can be moved with the control vehicle direction by vehicle operators, and this input control piece can comprise the position that moves forward and backward, and closes and/or stop position.Except prevent control piece from stop or parking lock-in feature that off position moves, in mode same as described above basically, can be used for selectively controlling moving of input component based on Vehicular behavior according to the magnet coil of generation power of the present invention.For example, if control piece comprises the closing control position and the control position that moves forward and backward, then pawl can be operably connected to controller, with when vehicle just under situation about moving with the speed that is higher than predetermined speed on the working direction, prevent the moving of control position of drawing back from the power supply position of advancing that the operator does.Similarly, can programme,, prevent that then control piece from moving to progressive position from going-back position if vehicle just travels backward with the speed that is higher than the chosen in advance amount to controller.And, can programme to controller, if do not depress brake pedal and/or in " ignition device ", do not have safety device such as traditional key, if or " no key " safety system does not have to be activated owing to the appearance of suitable safety signal, then prevent the starting of pawl, thus prevent to import control piece from close stop position move to advance or retreat the power supply position.

In the above description, those skilled in the art should understand easily, under the situation that does not deviate from principle disclosed here, can make a change the present invention, this change is contemplated as falling with in the following claim, unless these claims otherwise clearly are illustrated with their language.

Claims

1. gearshift that is used to control change-speed box comprises:

Base portion;

Be installed to the shift member of described base portion movably, this shift member is movable to a plurality of gears;

Pawl mechanism, it constitutes and selectively limits described shift member moving with respect to described base portion, this pawl mechanism comprises the magnet coil with displaceable member, starting according to described magnet coil, described displaceable member moves to the starting position from the stop place, and this magnet coil comprises described displaceable member is biased to magnet in the described stop place.

2. gearshift as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

Described magnet coil comprises spring, and this spring is biased to described displaceable member in the described stop place.

3. gearshift as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

Described magnet defines one and attracts the zone, and in this attracts the zone, described magnet will make described displaceable member turn back to described stop place, and described spring constitutes described displaceable member is biased in this attraction zone.

4. gearshift as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

Described displaceable member is removable by a moving range and wherein said spring configuration like this in described attraction zone, and promptly it is not the described displaceable member of setovering all the time at least a portion of described moving range.

5. gearshift as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

Displaceable member moves in the horizontal direction.

6. gearshift as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

Described pawl mechanism comprises pawl member, and this pawl member flexibly is connected to described displaceable member makes this pawl member to move with respect to described displaceable member.

7. gearshift as claimed in claim 1 comprises:

Controller, it is operably connected to described magnet coil and based on the starting to the described magnet coil of small part vehicle operating parameters ground control.

8. gearshift as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

Described controller is based on the starting of controlling described magnet coil movably to the described shift member of small part.

9. gearshift as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

Based on the moving direction and the car speed of described shift member, described controller starts described magnet coil to prevent moving of described shift member.

10. gearshift as claimed in claim 9, wherein:

Described shift member is movable to a park position and a gear;

If described shifter bar begins to move towards described park position and vehicle just travels with the speed that is higher than chosen in advance quantity, then described controller starts described magnet coil to prevent being moved further of described shift member.

11. a gearshift that is used to control change-speed box comprises:

Base portion;

Be installed to the shift member of described base portion movably, this shift member is movable to a plurality of gears, and this shift member is biased in the position of non-gear;

With the pawl mechanism of powered, it constitutes when described pawl with powered is engaged, and prevents that described shift member from shifting out described non-gear position;

Controller, it is operably connected to described pawl mechanism with powered, and selectively starts described pawl mechanism with powered to allow the mobile of described shift member.

12. gearshift as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

Described gear comprises reverse gear, D Drive and park gear, described controller constitute based on selected vehicle operating parameters starting described with powered pawl mechanism and prevent that shift member from moving in the park gear.

13. gearshift as claimed in claim 12, wherein:

Described vehicle operating parameters comprises the speed of a motor vehicle.

14. gearshift as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

Described gear comprises park, neutral gear, reverse gear and forward position.

15. gearshift as claimed in claim 14, wherein:

Described park is connected by a horizontal expansion road with the neutral gear gear, is connected by a road that intersects with described horizontal expansion road with reverse gear position with described D Drive.

16. gearshift as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

Described base portion comprises stacker; With

Described shift member comprises shifter bar, and shifter bar has spherical that is contained in pivotly in the described stacker, and this spherical comprises that at least one is recessed, and this is recessed to be engaged to limit the mobile of described shifter bar by described pawl mechanism.

17. gearshift as claimed in claim 16, wherein:

The female comprises groove, and this groove limits the rotation of described shifter bar.

18. gearshift as claimed in claim 17, wherein:

Described groove comprises the transverse part of the described shifter bar of restriction around the rotation of two different axis.

19. gearshift as claimed in claim 11 comprises:

Sensor, if this sensor at least with described gear in a selected relevant and described shift member be in one selected in the described gear, this sensor is to described controller generation signal.

20. gearshift as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

Described shift member is movable to the park position, and described controller constitutes shift member is locked in the park position, unless controller determines that the vehicle braked pedal is depressed and ignition device is in the operative condition.

21. gearshift as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

Described pawl mechanism comprises guiding piece, pawl member and linear actuators, and linear actuators has the removable output that flexibly is connected to this pawl member, makes to react on the power that is applied on the shift member by described guiding piece.

22. a gearshift that is used for vehicle transmission comprises:

Base portion;

Relevant with described base portion movably shift member is used for moving to a plurality of gears;

With the pawl mechanism of powered, it constitutes and selectively limits moving of described shift member; With

Controller, it constitutes except the position and vehicle ignition of brake pedal, at least in part based at least one described pawl mechanism with powered of vehicle operating parameters control.

23. gearshift as claimed in claim 22, wherein:

Described pawl mechanism with powered comprises pawl member and gear shift positioning groove and wherein selectively moves described pawl member makes itself and gear shift detent engagement.

24. gearshift as claimed in claim 22 comprises:

Input media, it allows the operator that signal is offered described controller, and controller is at least in part based on the described pawl with powered of this signal control.

25. gearshift as claimed in claim 24, wherein:

Described shift member comprises shifter bar;

Described input media comprises the displaceable member that is installed on the shifter bar.

26. gearshift as claimed in claim 25, wherein:

Described displaceable member comprises the button of linear translation.

27. gearshift as claimed in claim 25, wherein:

Described controller is at least in part based on the described pawl with powered of a control selected in position, speed and the acceleration/accel of described displaceable member.

28. gearshift as claimed in claim 25, wherein:

Described displaceable member moves between first and second positions; The described pawl of number of times quantity control that described controller moves between first and second positions based on described displaceable member at least in part with powered.

29. gearshift as claimed in claim 22 comprises:

Releasing mechanism, it allows the manually described pawl mechanism with powered of control of operator.

30. gearshift as claimed in claim 22 comprises:

Described controller is determined selected in position, speed and the acceleration/accel of described shift member one at least, and at least in part based on the described pawl mechanism with powered of a control selected in described position, speed and the acceleration/accel.

31. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

Be installed to the shift member of described base portion movably, be used for moving to a plurality of gears;

Gear shift positioning groove on one of described base portion and shift member, described gear shift positioning groove have the cooresponding recess of a plurality of and described gear;

Electronic pawl in described base portion and shift member another, wherein said electronic pawl are movable to the engage position that engages described gear shift positioning groove, to limit described shift member moving with respect to base portion at least in part; With

Can manually operated releasing mechanism, it is adapted at not having electric power to supply under the situation of electronic pawl, and described pawl is shifted out engage position.

32. gearshift as claimed in claim 31, wherein:

Described gear shift positioning groove is the part of described shift member; With

Described electronic pawl is installed to described base portion.

33. gearshift as claimed in claim 31, wherein:

Described electronic pawl comprises magnet coil.

34. gearshift as claimed in claim 31, wherein:

Described shift member comprises shifter bar.

35. gearshift as claimed in claim 31 comprises:

At least one device, it constitutes a selected cooresponding signal in controller generation and described a plurality of gears.

36. gearshift as claimed in claim 31, wherein:

Described can manually operated releasing mechanism be exercisable in each of described a plurality of gears, to discharge described pawl.

37. gearshift as claimed in claim 31, wherein:

Described a plurality of gear comprises park, reverse gear, neutral gear and D Drive gear at least.

38. gearshift as claimed in claim 31 comprises:

Be connected to the mechanical links that described shift member is used for controlling change-speed box.

39. gearshift as claimed in claim 32, wherein:

Described base portion comprises the stop surface; With

Described pawl with powered comprise along an axis move can linearly moving output and be elastically connected to the fastener of this output, so that when described pawl is in the engage position, along with shift member is applied power, described fastener engages with gear shift positioning groove and stop surface, thereby power is delivered in the base portion.

40. gearshift as claimed in claim 32, wherein:

Described pawl is biased in the engage position, described releasing mechanism comprises the release member that can vertically move between stop place and releasing position, this release member engages with pawl, and when described release member moves, release member moves described pawl from engage position, and wherein release member is biased in the stop place.

41. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

The pawl of the usefulness powered on another in described base portion and shift member, wherein said pawl with powered are movable to the engage position that engages described gear shift positioning groove, to limit described shift member moving with respect to base portion at least in part;

Described pawl with powered comprises magnet coil, and it has shell and is installed in the interior bar of this shell movably, and described bar comprises magnet, and wherein said magnet is encapsulated to form the single-piece damper by elastic component, reduces noise.

42. gearshift as claimed in claim 41, wherein:

Described magnet has the shape of ring-type, and it has parallel substantially side.

43. gearshift as claimed in claim 42, wherein:

Described bar is made by being molded in described magnet polymeric material on every side at least in part.

44. gearshift as claimed in claim 43, wherein:

Described elastomeric material has been determined melt temperature; With

Described polymeric material has a melt temperature, and this melt temperature is higher than the melt temperature of described elastomeric material.

45. gearshift as claimed in claim 44, wherein:

Described polymeric material extends to keep described magnet along at least a portion of described magnet side.

46. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

Wherein said pawl with powered comprises the magnet coil with output, and this output can move between stop place and starting position, and described magnet coil comprises the magnet of magnet coil towards the stop place biasing.

47. gearshift as claimed in claim 46 comprises:

With the spring of described output towards the stop place biasing.

48. gearshift as claimed in claim 47, wherein:

Described output comprises the bar of being made by polymeric material.

49. gearshift as claimed in claim 47, wherein:

Described shift member comprises the shifter bar that rotatably is installed to described base portion.

50. gearshift as claimed in claim 49, wherein:

Described a plurality of gear comprises park, neutral gear and D Drive gear at least.

51. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

The pawl of the usefulness powered on another in described base portion and shift member, wherein said pawl with powered are movable to the engage position that engages described gear shift positioning groove, to limit described shift member moving with respect to base portion at least in part; Wherein

Described base portion comprises a stop surface; And

52. gearshift as claimed in claim 51, wherein:

Described pawl with powered is installed to described base portion.

53. gearshift as claimed in claim 52, wherein:

Described pawl with powered comprises magnet coil.

54. gearshift as claimed in claim 51, wherein:

Described fastener is connected to described output by elastomer element.

55. gearshift as claimed in claim 54, wherein:

Described elastomer element constitutes and allows described fastener to be on the horizontal direction mobile with respect to output in a direction that moves with described output.

56. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

Shifter bar with end, wherein said shifter bar is installed to described base portion movably, is used for moving to a plurality of gears;

The pawl of the usefulness powered on another in described base portion and shift member, wherein said pawl with powered comprises magnet coil, this magnet coil moves to fastener the engage position that engages described gear shift positioning groove, move to the disengaging configuration that allows described shift member to move with respect to the mobile of base portion with fastener to limit described shift member at least with respect to base portion;

With described fastener and the interconnected crank connecting link spare of magnet coil, this crank connecting link spare is the described fastener of locking in engage position basically, described fastener and recess have face of joint, although described face of joint constitutes the end that the first predetermined power is applied to described shifter bar, also allow fastener when solenoid actuation, to move to disengaging configuration from engage position, if also constituting, face of joint do not start magnet coil and an end that is applied to described shifter bar basically greater than second power of described first power, prevent that then described release member from moving to disengaging configuration and wherein from engage position:

Described fastener comprises first relative contact that extends with an angle with respect to first direction, this angle is between about 50 degree and 85 degree, in the described recess at least one has the second relative contact surface, it is arranged essentially parallel to described first relative contact, wherein each recess has all been determined a degree of depth, and each degree of depth all equates so that described crank connecting link spare all is in the substantially the same structure when engaging with each recess.

57. gearshift as claimed in claim 56, wherein:

Described crank connecting link spare comprises first connecting rod and second connecting rod, first connecting rod has the first end that is pivotably connected to described fastener, second connecting rod has first end that is pivotably connected to the first connecting rod the second end and the second end that is pivotably connected to described base portion, wherein said fastener moves up in first party, described magnet coil has output, this output is pivotably connected to the second end of described first connecting rod and the first end of described second connecting rod, and this output is laterally mobile with described first direction basically.

58. gearshift as claimed in claim 57, wherein:

Described angle is between about 60 degree and 80 degree.

59. gearshift as claimed in claim 58, wherein:

Described first power is about 5 pounds or still less, and described second power is about 100 pounds or bigger.

60. gearshift as claimed in claim 58, wherein:

The first end of described first connecting rod is connected to linear guide spare, and this linear guide spare limits first end the moving towards first direction of described first connecting rod.

61. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

Be installed to the shifter bar of described base portion movably, be used for moving to a plurality of gears;

Gear shift positioning groove on one of described base portion and shifter bar, described gear shift positioning groove have the cooresponding recess of a plurality of and described gear;

The pawl of the usefulness powered on another in described base portion and shifter bar, wherein said pawl with powered are movable to the engage position that engages described gear shift positioning groove, to limit described shifter bar moving with respect to base portion at least in part; With

Be installed in handling knob on the described shifter bar, on handling knob, this has button, this button can be moved to provide signal to discharge described pawl with powered by the operator, wherein saidly handle knob and shifter bar is connected to each other by integrated form machinery and electrical connector, the mechanical and electrical connector of this integrated form makes handles knob and shifter bar mates.

62. gearshift as claimed in claim 61, wherein:

The quick attaching parts of the described first no screw thread machinery comprises the end of described shifter bar; With

Described second no screw thread machinery attaching parts fast comprises described cavity in handling knob.

63. gearshift as claimed in claim 61, wherein:

Described pawl with powered comprises magnet coil.

64. gearshift as claimed in claim 61 comprises:

Described shifter bar comprises the slender conductor that extends along shifter bar;

Described shifter bar is included in first electrical connector at end of selection connection rod place, and it is electrically connected to described slender conductor; Wherein:

Described handle knob comprise second electrical connector that is electrically connected to described first electrical connector.

65. gearshift as claimed in claim 61, wherein:

66. a gearshift system that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

Main Vehicle Power;

Backup power, it provides electric power under the situation of main Vehicle Power fault;

Electronic pawl in described base portion and shift member another wherein uses the electric power from described backup power can start described electronic pawl described pawl is moved to the releasing position that allows described shift member to move with respect to described base portion.

67. as the described gearshift of claim 66 system, wherein:

Described electronic pawl is installed to described base portion.

68. as the described gearshift of claim 66 system, wherein:

Described electronic pawl comprises magnet coil.

69. as the described gearshift of claim 66 system, wherein:

Described shift member comprises shifter bar.

70., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 66 system:

71., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 66 system:

72. as the described gearshift of claim 71 system, wherein:

73., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 66 system:

74. as the described gearshift of claim 67 system, wherein:

Described base portion comprises the stop surface; With

Described electronic pawl comprise along an axis move can linearly moving output and be elastically connected to the fastener of this output, so that when described pawl is in the engage position, along with shift member is applied power, described fastener engages with gear shift positioning groove and stop surface, thereby power is delivered in the base portion.

75., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 66 system:

Switch on the described shift member, it can be by operator's operation to control described electronic pawl.

76. a gearshift that is used for vehicle comprises:

Base portion;

Be operably connected to the controller of described power operated magnet coil, described controller constitutes at least in part based on the described pawl with powered of the signal control of being received by the parts of keyless ignition system.

77. as the described gearshift of claim 76, wherein:

Described pawl with powered is installed to described base portion.

78. as the described gearshift of claim 77, wherein:

Described pawl with powered comprises magnet coil.

79. as the described gearshift of claim 78, wherein:

Described shift member comprises shifter bar.

80. as the described gearshift of claim 79, wherein:

81. a gearshift that is used for the control vehicle change-speed box comprises:

Controller;

Base portion;

Be installed to the shift member of described base portion movably, this shift member can move towards a plurality of gears;

Can with the pawl of selected a usefulness powered that engages in described base portion and the shift member, to limit described shift member mobile with respect to base portion;

Be operably connected to the device of described shift member, this device offers described controller with operational factor; Wherein:

Described shift member does not comprise the input media that is used to start pawl, so that the described pawl with powered of at least one operational factor control that described controller provides based on described device.

82. as the described gearshift of claim 81, wherein:

Described operational factor comprises the speed of a motor vehicle.

83., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 82:

The gear shift positioning groove, it can be engaged selectively to limit shift member moving with respect to described base portion by described pawl with powered, wherein said gear shift positioning groove comprises first gear and second gear, if wherein the speed of a motor vehicle is on predetermined value, then controller is controlled described pawl to prevent moving from first gear to second gear.

84. as the described gearshift of claim 83, wherein:

Described first gear comprises the D Drive gear, and described second gear comprises the park gear.

85. as the described gearshift of claim 84, wherein:

Described predetermined value comprises the speed of advance of vehicle.

86. as the described gearshift of claim 81, wherein:

Described pawl with powered comprises removable pawl member;

Described gearshift comprises the gear shift positioning groove, and it has a plurality of gears that can be engaged by described removable pawl member;

Described controller is controlled the miles of relative movement of removable pawl member at least in part based at least one operational factor.

87. as the described gearshift of claim 86, wherein:

Described removable pawl member is determined a partially retracted position and a complete retracted position, determine first, second and third gear with wherein said gear shift positioning groove, constitute permission shift member moving when described pawl member is partially retracted with wherein said gear shift positioning groove from first gear to second gear, described gear shift positioning groove constitutes and prevents to move and allow described shift member moving from second gear to third gear from second gear to third gear when described pawl member is withdrawn fully when described pawl member is partially retracted.

88. as the described gearshift of claim 87, wherein:

Described first gear comprises the neutral gear gear;

Described second gear comprises the reverse gear gear; With

Described third gear comprises the park gear.

89. as the described gearshift of claim 88, wherein:

Described operational factor comprises the speed of a motor vehicle.

90. as the described gearshift of claim 89, wherein:

When removable pawl member was in the park gear, described controller was not withdrawn described removable pawl member fully, unless the speed of a motor vehicle is lower than scheduled volume.

91. as the described gearshift of claim 90, wherein:

When displaceable member was in the park gear, described controller was not withdrawn described displaceable member fully, unless depress brake pedal.

92. as the described gearshift of claim 81, wherein:

Described pawl with powered comprises magnet coil.

93. as the described gearshift of claim 81, wherein:

Described operational factor comprises pressing down of brake pedal.

94., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 81:

Sensor, it constitutes the position of described shift member and at least one in the speed is offered controller; With

Described controller is at least in part based on the position of described shift member and the described pawl with powered of a control in the speed.

95. a gearshift that is used for the control vehicle change-speed box comprises:

Controller;

Base portion;

Can with the pawl of selected a usefulness powered that engages in described base portion and the shift member, to limit described shift member mobile with respect to base portion; Described pawl with powered comprises removable pawl member, and it determines first, second and the 3rd diverse location, wherein:

Described controller constitutes the position of selectively controlling described removable pawl member and selectively described pawl member is moved towards first, second and the 3rd position.

96. as the described gearshift of claim 95, wherein:

Described shift member comprises input media, and it can be by user's operation to produce a signal to controller;

Described controller moves described removable pawl member based on the signal from input media at least in part.

97. as the described gearshift of claim 96, wherein:

Described input media comprises button.

98. as the described gearshift of claim 97, wherein:

The described removable pawl member of distance control that described controller is moved based on button.

99. as the described gearshift of claim 95, wherein:

Described controller is controlled described removable pawl member based on the number of times quantity that button was depressed in the interval in seclected time.

100. as the described gearshift of claim 95, wherein:

The described removable pawl member of speed control that described controller is depressed based on button.

101., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 95:

Vehicle operating parameters is offered the input media of described controller; Wherein:

Described controller moves described removable pawl member based on vehicle operating parameters at least in part.

102. as the described gearshift of claim 101, wherein:

Described vehicle operating parameters comprises the speed of a motor vehicle.

103. as the described gearshift of claim 102, wherein:

Described primary importance comprises retracted position;

The described second place comprises midway location; With

Described the 3rd position comprises extended position.

104., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 95:

105., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 95:

106. a gearshift that is used to control change-speed box comprises:

Base portion;

Shift member that can be mobile relatively with described base portion is used for moving towards a plurality of gears;

With the pawl of powered, constitute and selectively limit described shift member moving with respect to base portion;

Controller;

Produce the mancarried device of safety signal, in the time of near this mancarried device is positioned at described controller, controller can be received described safety signal; Wherein:

Described controller is at least in part based on the described described pawl with powered of safety signal control from mancarried device.

107. as the described gearshift of claim 106, wherein:

Described a plurality of gear comprises the park gear, and described pawl with powered selectively remains on shift member in the park gear, unless controller is received described safety signal.

108. as the described gearshift of claim 106, wherein:

Described safety signal comprises that the controller requirement receives selected code order so that start described pawl with powered.

109. as the described gearshift of claim 106, wherein:

Described shift member comprises shifter bar;

Described pawl with powered comprises magnet coil.

110. a gearshift that is used to control change-speed box comprises:

Base portion;

Be installed to the gear shift location slotware of described base portion movably, this gear shift location slotware has determined to have the gear shift positioning groove of a plurality of gears;

Selectively limit the pawl that move of described gear shift location slotware with respect to described base portion;

Shifter bar, it is installed to described base portion movably and can moves along the autoshift road, and this autoshift road has the D Drive gear at least, and described shifter bar also can move in the hand shift road, and this hand shift road has and upgrades and lower category gear; Wherein:

Described shifter bar engages with gear shift location slotware, and described gear shift location slotware is moved, when shifter bar is in the described hand shift road, described shifter bar and gear shift location slotware break away from, and make that shifter bar does not make gear shift location slotware move when shifter bar is in the hand shift road.

111., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 110:

Produce the actuator of power, it is operably connected to described pawl, and mobile described pawl makes pawl and gear shift detent engagement or disengaging.

112. as the described gearshift of claim 111, wherein:

Described gear shift location slotware rotatably is installed to base portion, and described gear shift positioning groove comprises the recess of definite park, reverse gear and D Drive gear.

113. as the described gearshift of claim 112, wherein:

Described hand shift road is parallel to the autoshift road substantially, and a horizontal road extends between described hand shift road and autoshift road.

114. as the described gearshift of claim 113, wherein:

Described gear shift location slotware is determined an attaching parts portion, when described shifter bar when described hand shift road moves to the autoshift road, shifter bar engages this attaching parts portion.

115. as the described gearshift of claim 114, wherein:

Described attaching parts portion comprises parallel substantially surface element, wherein said shifter bar in being in the autoshift road time between described surface element.

116. as the described gearshift of claim 114, wherein:

Described shifter bar rotates around axis of pitch; With comprise:

Rotational position sensor, it determines the position of described shifter bar around axis of pitch.

117., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 116:

Controller, the signal that it is operably connected to described rotational position sensor and produces the control change-speed box.

118., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 114:

Be connected to the cable of described gear shift location slotware, be used for being mechanically connected to change-speed box with the control change-speed box.

119., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 118:

One the device, its when described shifter bar is in the hand shift road, produces with shifter bar upgrade and the cooresponding electric signal of downshift position.

120. be used for the controller of power car, comprise:

Base portion;

Input control device, it can the person of being operated move to a plurality of control positions, and described a plurality of control positions comprise progressive position and going-back position;

With the pawl of powered, it selectively limits moving between described input control device and the base portion based on vehicle operating parameters at least in part.

121., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 120:

Be operably connected to the controller of described input control device, the position that this controller constitutes at least in part based on described input control device produces signal to electro-motor.

122. a gearshift that is used to control change-speed box comprises:

Base portion;

Be installed to the shifter bar of described base portion movably, it is movable to other gear of park position and at least one;

The pawl of the usefulness powered on another in described base portion and shifter bar, wherein said pawl with powered are movable to the engage position that engages described gear shift positioning groove, to limit described shifter bar moving with respect to base portion at least in part;

Mechanical key locking tube, it selectively locks to prevent to take out key; With

Mechanical links, it operationally makes described shifter bar and key lock safety barrel be connected to each other, and locks described key lock safety barrel to prevent to take out key when described shifter bar is not in the park position.

123. as the described gearshift of claim 122, wherein:

Described mechanical links comprises the cam member that is connected to described shifter bar movably and makes described cam member and the interconnected cable of mechanical key locking tube.

124. as the described gearshift of claim 123, wherein:

Described shifter bar has top and bottom, and described lower end is pivotally mounted to described base portion at first pivot;

Described cam member is pivotally mounted to described shifter bar at second, and this second between the top and bottom of shifter bar.

125. as the described gearshift of claim 124, wherein:

Described cam member comprises crooked camming surface; With comprise:

Cam follower, it engages the camming surface of described bending and controls the rotation of described cam member around second pivot.

126., comprising as the described gearshift of claim 122:

Controller, it is operably connected to described key lock safety barrel and described pawl with powered, this controller prevents to start described pawl with powered to allow the shifting out park position, unless described controller determines that ignition device is in the running position and brake pedal is depressed.