CN1819430A - Single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor - Google Patents

Single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1819430A
CN1819430A CN 200610049527 CN200610049527A CN1819430A CN 1819430 A CN1819430 A CN 1819430A CN 200610049527 CN200610049527 CN 200610049527 CN 200610049527 A CN200610049527 A CN 200610049527A CN 1819430 A CN1819430 A CN 1819430A
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resistance
diode
join
power supply
photoelectrical coupler
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CN 200610049527
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CN100423436C (en
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屈稳太
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention consists of a main circuit, a synchronous circuit, an insulating and triggering circuit, a PWM control circuit and a load. The input of main circuit is connected to AC network, and its output is connected to the load. The input of synchronous circuit is connected to AC network, and its output is connected to the insulating and triggering circuit. The PWM control circuit is connected to the insulating and triggering circuit. The advantages of the invention is: PWM method is used to adjust output voltage to ensure the input current close to sine wave and to make the input power factor close to 1; with the photoelectric coupler the separation between the main control circuit and the control circuit is implemented without insulation power and pulse transformer in traditional rectifier.

Description

A kind of single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics, transformation of electrical energy technology, relate in particular to a kind of single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor.
Background technology
At present, the rectifier power source of nearly all practicality mostly or adopt diode rectification, output voltage is uncontrollable, Harmonics of Input is big, power factor is poor; Or adopt the controllable silicon phase shifting control, though realized that output voltage is controlled, along with moving behind the phase-shift pulse, its power factor becomes worse and worse, and needs to isolate and synchro source the circuit relative complex.
The rectifier power source that traditional BOOST rectifier power source and patent CN1336717A are announced also can be realized the rectification effect near unity power factor, but four full control switching devices that the former full-bridge BOOST rectifier power source needs, and output dc voltage will be higher than the peak value of alternating voltage, increase the voltage stress of rearmounted load.The latter needs two rectifier bridges, thereby power device that need be more (six diodes, a full control switching device), and when full control switching device was worked, load current need be through three power devices, and loss is bigger, and the corresponding complexity of control circuit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor.
It is made up of main circuit, synchronous circuit, isolation and circuits for triggering, pwm control circuit, load, and synchronous circuit joins with isolation and circuits for triggering, main circuit, load successively, and pwm control circuit and isolation and circuits for triggering join.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1) two main switching devices of the common anode of main circuit rectifier bridge replace with two full control switching device IGBT by uncontrollable diode commonly used or controllable silicon.2) regulate output voltage by the PWM mode, output voltage range reaches 0~0.9U 2(U 2Be the supply voltage effective value).3) regulate output voltage by the PWM mode, guarantee that input current approaches sine wave.4) regulate output voltage by the PWM mode, eliminated the hysteresis of electric current, make the input power factor unit of approaching 1.5) realize the isolation of main circuit and control circuit by photoelectrical coupler, saved insulating power supply and pulse transformer in the conventional rectifier.6) by halfwave rectifier and voltage stabilizing, both obtained synchronizing signal and also obtained insulating power supply, saved synchrotrans supply voltage.7) rectification and PWM are controlled at same Power Conversion unit and finish, and line construction is simple, and be reliable, can be widely used in the various products.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a main circuit diagram of the present invention, and institute's bringing onto load is a pure resistor load;
Fig. 3 (a) is an inductive load circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 (b) is a capacity load circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is synchro source of the present invention, isolation and circuits for triggering figure;
Fig. 5 is pwm control circuit figure of the present invention;
Fig. 6 (a) is a power supply input current waveform of the present invention;
Fig. 6 (b) is an output voltage waveforms of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor is made up of main circuit, synchronous circuit, isolation and circuits for triggering, pwm control circuit, load, synchronous circuit joins with isolation and circuits for triggering, main circuit, load successively, and pwm control circuit and isolation and circuits for triggering join.Vs is a grid ac voltage, through the main circuit controlled rectification, alternating current is transformed into variable direct current gives load.The rectification principle below will be introduced in detail.The pwm pulse of pwm control circuit output is controlled opening and turn-offing of main circuit switch pipe through insulation triggering circuit, and the power supply of insulation triggering circuit is provided by synchronous circuit, and the power supply of synchro source is from the grid alternating current source.
As shown in Figure 2, its rectifier bridge of main circuit is total to anode main switching device Q1 and Q2 is two full control device IGBT, and common cathode main switching device D1 and D2 are two diodes, and load is an ohmic load.When supply voltage during at positive half cycle, A point current potential is being for just, and B point current potential is for negative, and diode D1 and switching tube Q2 conducting (require the switching tube can not backward diode in parallel,) diode D2 and switching tube Q1 turn-off because of bearing back-pressure, regulates output voltage by the PWM working method of switching tube Q2; When supply voltage during at negative half period, A point current potential is for negative, and B point current potential is being for just, diode D2 and switching tube Q1 conducting, and diode D1 and switching tube Q2 turn-off because of bearing back-pressure, by the PWM working method adjusting output voltage of switching tube Q1;
Shown in Fig. 3 (a), when load is inductive load, the sustained diode in parallel at the load two ends L, for inductive load provides the afterflow path.When switching tube was in conducting state under the PWM working method, electrical network provided electric current to load, simultaneously to the inductance energy that magnetizes.When switching tube was in off state under the PWM working method, electrical network no longer provided electric current to load, and inductance is by the fly-wheel diode afterflow, releasing magnetic energy, the continuity of the electric current of proof load simultaneously.Shown in Fig. 3 (b), when load is capacity load, behind load end series inductance L, sustained diode in parallel again L, series inductance L purpose is to reduce the impact of charging current, enlarges the conducting scope of switching tube simultaneously.When not connecing inductance, when having only line voltage to be higher than capacitance voltage, just can make the switch pipeline logical, limited the scope of open pipe conducting, instantaneous because the impedance of electric capacity is less in addition in the switching tube conducting, will cause bigger rush of current.
As shown in Figure 4, synchronous circuit, isolation and circuits for triggering are made up of diode D11, resistance R 10, resistance R 11, voltage-stabiliser tube DW1, photoelectrical coupler U1, resistance R 12, resistance R 13, diode D12, diode D21, resistance R 20, resistance R 21, voltage-stabiliser tube DW2, photoelectrical coupler U2, resistance R 22, resistance R 23, diode D22; Diode D11 anode and power supply B end join, and D11 negative electrode and resistance R 11 1 ends join, and form half-wave rectifying circuit, and the voltage-stabiliser tube diode DW1 negative electrode and resistance R 11 other ends join, and DW1 anode and power supply A end join, and constitute No. one synchronous circuit; Diode D21 anode and power supply A end join, and D21 negative electrode and resistance R 21 1 ends join, and form half-wave rectifying circuit, and the voltage-stabiliser tube diode DW2 negative electrode and resistance R 21 other ends join, and DW2 anode and power supply B end join, and constitute another road synchronous circuit; Photoelectrical coupler U1 collector electrode and DW1 negative electrode join, photoelectrical coupler U1 emitter and resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 13 1 ends, diode D12 negative electrode join, resistance R 12 other ends and diode D12 anode join, receive main switch Q1 grid, resistance R 13 other ends and power supply one end A join, receive main switch Q1 emitter, constitute one the tunnel and isolate and circuits for triggering; Photoelectrical coupler U2 collector electrode and DW2 negative electrode join, photoelectrical coupler U2 emitter and resistance R 22 1 ends, resistance R 23 1 ends, diode D22 negative electrode join, the R22 other end and D22 anode join, receive main switch Q2 grid, resistance R 23 other ends and power supply one end B join, receive main switch Q2 emitter, constitute another road and isolate and circuits for triggering; The two-way synchronous circuit is isolated with circuits for triggering to two-way respectively provides synchronizing signal and power supply.
Synchronous circuit is by D11, DW1, and R10, R11 and D21, DW2, R20, R21 forms.When supply voltage was in positive half cycle, A point current potential had been for just, and B point current potential is for negative, diode D21 conducting, and the electric current D21 that flows through, R21, DW2 through the voltage stabilizing (the voltage stabilizing value is 15V) of voltage stabilizing didoe DW2, forms the triggering power supply of switching tube Q2; And diode D11 turn-offs because of bearing reverse voltage, and voltage-stabiliser tube DW1 bears forward voltage, forward conduction, the electric current DW1 that flows through, and R11, R10 is because voltage-stabiliser tube DW1 forward conduction makes the triggering power supply of switching tube Q1 become-0.7V, thereby can not produce trigger impulse.Here, two conditions of switching tube Q1 conducting (bear forward voltage, obtain suitable trigger impulse) all can not satisfy, so guaranteed the shutoff of switching tube Q1; And two conditions of switching tube Q2 conducting all can satisfy, so switching tube Q2 can not turn-off when having trigger impulse in that conducting under the condition of trigger impulse is arranged, work in the PWM mode.When supply voltage was in negative half period, A point current potential was for negative, and B point current potential is being for just, the condition of satisfied two conductings of switching tube Q1, so Q1 works in the PWM mode, and switching tube Q2 shutoff.Photoelectrical coupler U1, U2 have cut off control loop and major loop getting in touch on electric.When U1 (or U2) input lumination of light emitting diode, the output transistor turns through resistance R 12 (or R22), produces the trigger impulse of main switch Q1 (or Q2).When U1 (or U2) input light-emitting diode was not luminous, the output transistor turn-offed by, main switch Q1 (or Q2).
As shown in Figure 5, pwm control circuit is made up of pwm pulse production part U0, regulator potentiometer RP, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, triode VT1, triode VT2 and two photoelectrical coupler U1, photoelectrical coupler U2; Pwm pulse production part U0 produces two-way and recommends pwm pulse, drive photoelectrical coupler U1 and photoelectrical coupler U2 through the pulse amplifying circuit that is made of resistance R 1, triode VT1 and resistance R 2, triode VT2, resistance R 3 respectively, photoelectrical coupler U1 and photoelectrical coupler U2 input side are connected in series; Regulator potentiometer RP intermediate ends is received the input of pwm pulse production part U0, two outputs of pwm pulse production part U0 are received an end of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 respectively, the other end of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 is received the base stage of triode VT1 and triode VT2 respectively, the emitter of triode VT1 and triode VT2 is received the ground of control power supply, the collector electrode of triode VT1 and triode VT2 joins, receive the negative electrode of photoelectrical coupler U1 input side light-emitting diode, the negative electrode of the anode of photoelectrical coupler U1 input side and photoelectrical coupler U2 input side joins, the anode of photoelectrical coupler U2 input side and resistance R 3 one ends join, and resistance R 3 other ends are received the positive pole of control power supply.Change the input voltage of U0 by regulator potentiometer RP, thereby change the width of output pwm pulse, and then reach the purpose that changes the rectifier power source output voltage.
The present invention is for the load that is rated for 2kW/220VDC, and its rated current is about 10A, and main switch Q1 and Q2 select 600V for use, the IGBT of 30A, and main diode D1 and D2 select 600V for use, the rectifier diode of 25A.IGBT can not have the reverse parallel connection diode, when the IGBT endophyte has the inverse parallel diode, must prevent the refluence of electric current at diode of collector electrode forward series connection of IGBT, and the selection of this diode is identical with the D2 model with main diode D1.For the connection of load, when load was pure resistor load, the rectifier power source output can be directly received in load, as shown in Figure 2.For polarity of voltage the load of requirement is arranged, as the direct current machine load, the rechargeable battery load should be noted the polarity of rectifier power source, and the N point is a negative pole, and the P point is anodal.When load is inductive load, shown in Fig. 3 (a), as the electromagnet load, should be in power output end sustained diode in parallel L, D LModel also should be identical with D2 with main diode D1.When load is capacity load, shown in Fig. 3 (b), as inverter load, the inductance L of should in load, connecting, and then sustained diode in parallel L, D LModel also should be identical with D2 with main diode D1, the inductance value of inductance L is chosen by following formula:
L = ( 2 ~ 3 ) R L 2 C 1 + 4 π 2 f c 2 R L 2 C 2
F wherein cBe the carrier frequency of pwm pulse, the capacitance of C capacity load.
Diode D11 among Fig. 4, resistance R 10, resistance R 11, voltage stabilizing is closed DW1 and synchronizing signal is provided and triggers power supply for main switch Q1, D11 selects the common rectifier diode of 600V/1A, and as 1N4007, resistance R 11 is selected 51k Ω/1W, DW1 selection 15V/0.5W is closed in voltage stabilizing, and resistance R 10 is selected 51k Ω/0.5W.Accordingly, diode D21, resistance R 20, resistance R 21, voltage stabilizing is closed DW2 and synchronizing signal is provided and triggers power supply for main switch Q2, and its parameter is selected and D11, R10, R11, DW1 is identical.Photoelectrical coupler U1, resistance R 12, resistance R 13, diode D12 provide trigger impulse for main switch Q1, and pwm control circuit and main circuit have been carried out electrical isolation.U1 selects quick photoelectrical coupler, input stage electric current<20mA, and output stage>30V/25mA is as HCPL-4504.Resistance R 12, resistance R 13 are chosen as 100 Ω/0.25W and 10k Ω/0.25W respectively, and diode D12 selector switch diode is as 1N4148.Accordingly, photoelectrical coupler U2, resistance R 22, resistance R 23, diode D22 provide trigger impulse for main switch Q2, and its parameter selection and U1, R12, R13, D12 are identical.When PCB made, synchronous circuit, isolation and circuits for triggering should be tried one's best close.
The generation of pwm pulse can be by generations such as special chip such as TL494 or UC3525 among Fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, adopt special chip UC3525 to produce, output at UC3525, obtain the pwm pulse row that two-way is recommended, behind this two-way pwm pulse process triode VT1 and VT2 logic OR, drive two photoelectrical coupler U1, U2, through delivering to circuits for triggering after U1, the U2 isolation, trigger main switch Q1 or main switch Q2 respectively.Triode VT1 and VT2 select the HF switch pipe, as 9014.Resistance R 1, resistance R 2 are selected 51k Ω/0.25W, and resistance R 3 is selected 2.4k Ω/0.5W.The carrier frequency f of pwm pulse cBe chosen as 5kHz-25kHz, in an embodiment of the present invention, f cBe chosen as 10kHz.

Claims (4)

1. single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor, it is characterized in that: it is made up of main circuit, synchronous circuit, isolation and circuits for triggering, pwm control circuit, load; The main circuit input side is received AC network, and load is received in output, and the synchronous circuit input side is received AC network, and output is received and isolated and circuits for triggering, and pwm control circuit is received and isolated and circuits for triggering.
2. a kind of single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: its rectifier bridge of described main circuit is anode main switching device (Q1) and (Q2) be two and control device IGBT entirely altogether, and the common cathode main switching device is two diodes (D1) and (D2); Main switching device (Q1) emitter and diode (D1) anode join, receive the A end of electrical network, main switching device (Q2) emitter and diode (D2) anode join, receive the B end of electrical network, the negative electrode of the negative electrode of diode (D1) and diode (D2) joins, as the anodal P output of this rectifier power source, receive the positive terminal of load; The collector electrode of main switching device (Q1) and switching device (Q2) collector electrode join, and as the negative pole N output of this rectifier power source, receive the negative pole end of load.
3. a kind of single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described synchronous circuit, isolation and circuits for triggering are made up of diode (D11), resistance (R10), resistance (R11), voltage-stabiliser tube (DW1), photoelectrical coupler (U1), resistance (R12), resistance (R13), diode (D12), diode (D21), resistance (R20), resistance (R21), voltage-stabiliser tube (DW2), photoelectrical coupler (U2), resistance (R22), resistance (R23), diode (D22); Diode (D11) anode and power supply B end join, diode (D11) negative electrode and resistance (R11) end join, and form half-wave rectifying circuit, and voltage stabilizing didoe (DW1) negative electrode and resistance (R11) other end join, voltage stabilizing didoe (DW1) anode and power supply A end join, and constitute No. one synchronous circuit; Diode (D21) anode and power supply A end join, diode (D21) negative electrode and resistance (R21) end join, form half-wave rectifying circuit, voltage stabilizing didoe (DW2) negative electrode and resistance (R21) other end join, voltage stabilizing didoe (DW2) anode and power supply B end join, and constitute another road synchronous circuit; Transistorized collector electrode of photoelectrical coupler (U1) outlet side and voltage stabilizing didoe (DW1) negative electrode join, a transistorized emitter of photoelectrical coupler (U1) outlet side and resistance (R12) end, resistance (R13) end, diode (D12) negative electrode join, resistance (R12) other end and diode (D12) anode join, receive main switch (Q1) grid, resistance (R13) other end and power supply A end join, receive main switch (Q1) emitter, constitute one the tunnel and isolate and circuits for triggering; Transistorized collector electrode of photoelectrical coupler (U2) outlet side and voltage stabilizing didoe (DW2) negative electrode join, a transistorized emitter of photoelectrical coupler (U2) outlet side and resistance (R22) end, resistance (R23) end, diode (D22) negative electrode join, resistance (R22) other end and diode (D22) anode join, receive main switch (Q2) grid, resistance (R23) other end and power supply one end B join, receive main switch (Q2) emitter, constitute another road and isolate and circuits for triggering; The two-way synchronous circuit is isolated with circuits for triggering to two-way respectively provides synchronizing signal and power supply.
4. a kind of single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pwm control circuit is made up of pwm pulse production part (U0), regulator potentiometer (RP), resistance (R1), resistance (R2), resistance (R3), triode (VT1), triode (VT2) and two photoelectrical couplers (U1), photoelectrical coupler (U2); Pwm pulse production part (U0) produces two-way and recommends pwm pulse, pass through the pulse amplifying circuit that is made of resistance (R1), triode (VT1) and resistance (R2), triode (VT2), resistance (R3) respectively and drive photoelectrical coupler (U1) and photoelectrical coupler (U2), photoelectrical coupler (U1) and photoelectrical coupler (U2) input side are connected in series; Regulator potentiometer (RP) intermediate ends is received the input of pwm pulse production part (U0), two ends are received control positive source and ground respectively in addition, two outputs of pwm pulse production part (U0) are received an end of resistance (R1) and resistance (R2) respectively, the other end of resistance (R1) and resistance (R2) is received the base stage of triode (VT1) and triode (VT2) respectively, the emitter of triode (VT1) and triode (VT2) is received the ground of control power supply, the collector electrode of triode (VT1) and triode (VT2) joins, receive the negative electrode of photoelectrical coupler (U1) input side light-emitting diode, the negative electrode of the anode of photoelectrical coupler (U1) input side light-emitting diode and photoelectrical coupler (U2) input side light-emitting diode joins, the anode and resistance (R3) end of photoelectrical coupler (U2) input side light-emitting diode join, and resistance (R3) other end is received the positive pole of control power supply.
CNB2006100495279A 2006-02-17 2006-02-17 Single-phase controllable rectifying power supply with high power factor Expired - Fee Related CN100423436C (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105659486A (en) * 2013-08-22 2016-06-08 亚德诺半导体集团 Power conversion apparatus
CN106685248A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-05-17 湖南工业大学 Adjustable single-phase optocoupler double current step-down rectifier suitable for high voltage current expansion structure
CN107070266A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-08-18 湖南工业大学 Suitable for the single-phase optocoupler times flow pattern buck rectifier of high companding flow structure
CN107070265A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-08-18 湖南工业大学 The adjustable single-phase optocoupler times flow pattern buck rectifier for expanding flow structure

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2187808Y (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-01-18 长春地质学院地物系 Large power dc current stabilizing power supply
CN2684462Y (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-03-09 黄瑞火 Motorcycle voltage regulator with common anode connected controllable silicon
CN1671034A (en) * 2005-04-01 2005-09-21 谭启仁 Single-chip microcomputer constant current device for single-phase bridge type semi-control electroplating DC source

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105659486A (en) * 2013-08-22 2016-06-08 亚德诺半导体集团 Power conversion apparatus
CN105659486B (en) * 2013-08-22 2019-05-31 亚德诺半导体集团 Power converter
CN106685248A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-05-17 湖南工业大学 Adjustable single-phase optocoupler double current step-down rectifier suitable for high voltage current expansion structure
CN107070266A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-08-18 湖南工业大学 Suitable for the single-phase optocoupler times flow pattern buck rectifier of high companding flow structure
CN107070265A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-08-18 湖南工业大学 The adjustable single-phase optocoupler times flow pattern buck rectifier for expanding flow structure

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