CN1818842A - Touch sensor, display with touch sensor, and method for generating position data - Google Patents

Touch sensor, display with touch sensor, and method for generating position data Download PDF

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CN1818842A
CN1818842A CN200610004489.5A CN200610004489A CN1818842A CN 1818842 A CN1818842 A CN 1818842A CN 200610004489 A CN200610004489 A CN 200610004489A CN 1818842 A CN1818842 A CN 1818842A
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nesa coating
position probing
touch sensor
electrode
circuit
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CN100429609C (en
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宫本三郎
中野敏刚
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Sharp Corp
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Sharp Corp
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Abstract

A display device with a touch sensor according to the present invention includes an active matrix substrate 4A and a transparent counter electrode 7. On a first surface of the active matrix substrate, multiple pixel electrodes are arranged in matrix. The transparent counter electrode is opposed to the first surface of the active matrix substrate. The display device further includes a first circuit, a second circuit and a switching circuit. The first circuit supplies a voltage or a current to the transparent counter electrode for display purposes. The second circuit detects currents flowing from a number of points on the transparent counter electrode. And the switching circuit selectively connects electrically one of the first and second circuits to the transparent counter electrode.

Description

The display device and the method for generating position data of touch sensor, band touch sensor
The application be the applicant on July 18th, 2002 submit to, application number for " 02812843.5 ", denomination of invention divides an application for the application for a patent for invention of " display device and the method for generating position data of touch sensor, band touch sensor ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to detect on the display surface with the touch sensor of position contacting such as pen and finger, the display device and the method for generating position data of band touch sensor.
Background technology
Touch sensor be to implement finger and etc. the position that contacts carry out the input media that position probing is used.As the mode of position probing, known static capacity coupling scheme, resistive film mode, infrared mode, ultrasound wave mode and electromagnetic induction/coupling scheme.Wherein, resistive film mode or static capacity coupling scheme are subjected to extensive employing.
The following describes the touch sensor of resistive film mode.As shown in figure 22, the touch sensor of analog resistance film method have the opposition side of the air layer 13 that separates air layer 13 opposed 2 transparent resistance films 12 and 14, is arranged on transparent resistance film 12 PET film 11, be separately positioned on the glass-film 15 of opposition side of the air layer 13 of transparent resistance film 14.Transparent resistance film 12 in 2 transparent resistance films 12 and 14 is provided with a pair of conductive part that separates 16 in Y direction, and another transparent resistance film 14 is provided with a pair of conductive part that separates 17 at directions X.Also can conductive part 17 be set, conductive part 16 be set at transparent resistance film 14 at transparent resistance film 12.
When the touch sensor of this resistive film mode waited the operating of contacts face at finger, transparent resistance film 12 all contacted on this contact point (press points) with transparent resistance film 14, thus conducting.Utilize this point, ask the coordinate of contact point.
Apply voltage between the pair of conductive portion (conductive part 16) of the either party in transparent resistance film 12 and transparent resistance film 14 (for example the transparent resistance film 12) correspondence.At this moment, resistive film 12 is in contact with one another with resistive film 14, and resistive film 12 and resistive film 14 make resistive film 14 circulating currents with regard to conducting.If detect the voltage of transparent resistance film 14,, can detect the Y coordinate of contact point then according to this voltage.
The following describes concrete example.For example, the side in the conductive part 16 of transparent resistance film 12 is applied 0V, another conductive part applies 5V, sets up electric potential gradient on transparent resistance film 12.Transparent resistance film 14 does not apply voltage in advance.At this moment, for example contact the center of transparent resistance film 14, then on transparent resistance film 14, detect 1/2 the 2.5V of 5V.When contact applies near the conductive part of 5V point, detect voltage near 5V.Contact applies near the point of conductive part of 0V (applying voltage 0), then detects the voltage near 0V on transparent resistance film 4.From like this on transparent resistance film 14 detected voltage can detect the Y coordinate of contact point.
Identical with the detection of Y coordinate, the X coordinate time of detection contact point is set up potential difference (PD) between the pair of conductive portion 17 of transparent resistance film 14, and transparent resistance film 12 does not apply voltage in advance, is detected the voltage of contact point by transparent resistance film 12.The detection of implementing the X coordinate by hocketing and the detection of Y coordinate detect the XY coordinate, thereby carry out the position probing of press points.
The touch sensor of this analog resistance film method is in order to make 12,14 conductings of 2 transparent resistance films, configuration air layer 13 between 2 transparent resistance films 12,14 at press points.There is air layer 13, then, causes reflection at the interface of transparent resistance film 12,14 and air layer 13 because transparent resistance film 12,14 is different with the refractive index of air layer 13.Therefore, the dark problem of image display device existence demonstration of the touch sensor of analog resistance film method is housed.Japan opens the touch sensor that flat 5-4256 communique discloses above-mentioned analog resistance film method in fact.
In contrast, the typical structure of touch sensor of simulation static capacity mode is made and is adopted 1 position probing nesa coating.For example, disclose as the clear 56-500230 communique of Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication, the touch sensor of simulation static capacity mode applies homophase, idiostatic alternating current from position probing with the electrode of four jiaos of nesa coatings, thereby applies roughly uniform electric field in whole position probing with nesa coating.
Provide contact point to position probing with a certain position of nesa coating, then position probing is with four angular flux galvanizations of conducting film.By measuring this electric current of four jiaos respectively, can detect the X coordinate and the Y coordinate of contact point.
The touch sensor of resistive film mode and the touch sensor of static capacity mode are compared, then because as indicated above, the touch sensor of resistive film mode needs air layer, and the touch sensor of static capacity mode that does not need air layer is than the touch sensor transmissivity height of resistive film mode.And the touch sensor of static capacity mode is compared with the touch sensor of resistive film mode, has that impact resistance and dustproof effect are good, an antipollution, long advantage of life-span.
Yet, even the touch sensor of static capacity mode for comprehensive for using integratedly with display screen, also requires touch sensor can further suppress reducing of display screen light transmission.In addition, also require touch sensor comprehensively is the further miniaturization of display screen and the weight reduction of one.
Again, the touch sensor of the simulation static capacity mode that the clear 56-500230 communique of Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication discloses goes out contact point for high Precision Detection, need be at the end configuration Figure 23 such complicated segmentation pattern 19 of position probing with nesa coating 18.The conductive pattern complexity, then existence can not reduce the problem of the non-effective range increasing of position probing, thereby requirement has the touch sensor of the static capacity mode of the better simply circuit of structure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes in view of above-mentioned problem, an object of the present invention is to provide miniaturization in light weight, suitable and can not cause the touch sensor of display characteristic variation, the display device and the method for generating position data of band touch sensor.
Another purpose of the present invention provides the touch sensor with the simple before circuit of texture ratio, the display device and the method for generating position data of band touch sensor.
The display device of the band touch sensor of the present invention's one example, comprise contain the rectangular active matrix substrate that is arranged in a plurality of pixel electrodes on the 1st and with the 1st opposed transparent opposite electrode of described active matrix substrate, also comprise to described transparent opposite electrode supply with the voltage that shows usefulness or electric current the 1st circuit, detect described transparent opposite electrode the circulation of a plurality of positions electric current the 2nd circuit and make described the 1st circuit and described the 2nd circuit in either party and the on-off circuit that conducts of described transparent opposite electrode.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
Described on-off circuit can respond to control signal, periodically switches being electrically connected of described the 1st circuit or the 2nd circuit and described transparent opposite electrode.
At least a portion of at least a portion of described the 1st circuit, described the 2nd circuit and described on-off circuit can have the thin film transistor (TFT) that is formed on the described active matrix substrate respectively.
Described thin film transistor (TFT) can have the polysilicon that is deposited on the described active matrix substrate.
Described transparent opposite electrode can have a plurality of districts of division, and by the electric current of the described a plurality of districts of described the 2nd electric circuit inspection two ends circulation separately.
Also can have the liquid crystal layer that is arranged between described a plurality of pixel electrode and the described transparent opposite electrode.
Described transparent opposite electrode can be formed on opposed another substrate of described substrate on, and between two substrates, enclose described liquid crystal layer.
Also can have the organic EL layer that is arranged between described a plurality of pixel electrode and the described transparent opposite electrode.
The display device of the band touch sensor of another example of the present invention, comprise containing the 1st substrate that is arranged in a plurality of scan electrodes on the 1st and containing the 2nd substrate with described the 1st opposed a plurality of data electrodes of described the 1st substrate, also comprise to each data electrode supply with the voltage that shows usefulness or electric current the 1st circuit, detect each data electrode the circulation of a plurality of positions electric current the 2nd circuit and make described the 1st circuit and described the 2nd circuit in either party and the on-off circuit that conducts of described data electrode.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
The display device of the band touch sensor of other example of the present invention, comprise containing the 1st substrate that is arranged in a plurality of the 1st electrodes on the 1st and containing the 2nd substrate with described the 1st opposed a plurality of the 2nd electrodes of described the 1st substrate, also comprise to each the 1st electrode supply with the voltage that shows usefulness or electric current the 1st circuit, detect each the 1st electricity the circulation of a plurality of positions electric current the 2nd circuit and make described the 1st circuit and described the 2nd circuit in the on-off circuit that leads to of either party and the 1st electrode conductance.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
At least a portion of at least a portion of described the 1st circuit, described the 2nd circuit and described on-off circuit can have respectively and be formed on the described thin film transistor (TFT) that has on the source base station substrate.
Described thin film transistor (TFT) can have the polysilicon that is deposited on the described active matrix substrate.
Also can have the liquid crystal layer that is arranged between described the 1st substrate and described the 2nd substrate.
The shown device of band touch sensor of other example of the present invention, have the display surface of 2 dimension expansions display media, form the drive unit of electric field and utilize the static capacity coupling scheme to detect the position detecting device of the outside contact point in the face parallel in the selection district of described display media with described display surface, described position detecting device has transparency electrode, described position detecting device is electrically connected a plurality of parts of described transparency electrode, detects the electric current corresponding with described contact point.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
The touch sensor of other example of the present invention, utilize the static capacity coupling scheme to detect outside input point in the operating surface of directions X and Y direction expansion, have and be configured to parallel and be electrically connected Y coordinate that the coordinate of the described Y direction that detects described input point uses detect the 1st position probing nesa coating with conductive part with described operating surface, being configured to the X coordinate of coordinate opposed with nesa coating with described the 1st position probing and that be electrically connected to detect the described directions X of described input point detects the 2nd position with conductive part and contacts and use nesa coating, be arranged on the dielectric layer between described the 1st position probing usefulness nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing usefulness nesa coating, and the on-off circuit that described the 1st position probing is applied assigned voltage with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing with a selected side in the nesa coating.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
Can be by mutual described the 1st position probing of switching of described on-off circuit conducting and described the 2nd position probing conducting with nesa coating with nesa coating.
Also can have testing circuit, detect the coordinate of asking the described Y direction of described input point with the size of the electric current that circulates between the conductive part according to described input point and described Y coordinate, detect the coordinate of asking the described directions X of described input point with the size of the electric current that circulates between the conductive part according to described input point and described X coordinate.
Described Y coordinate detects can be arranged on described the 1st position probing with on the nesa coating with conductive part, and have at least 2 conductive parts that separate in described Y direction, described X coordinate detects and is arranged on described the 2nd position probing with on the nesa coating with conductive part, and has at least 2 conductive parts that separate at described directions X.
Described dielectric layer can be made up of dimethyl ester.
Described dielectric layer can be made up of glass.
Can with the described dielectric layer side of nesa coating or phase negative side's interarea glass be set with nesa coating or described the 2nd position probing in described the 1st position probing, supply with described input point by described glass.
The display device of the band touch sensor of other example of the present invention has the display screen that above-mentioned touch sensor and display surface are provided with described touch sensor.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
Described display screen can have display medium layer, be configured in the observer side of described display medium layer and drive described display medium layer electrode of using and the insulation course that is configured in the observer side of described electrode, it is intermediary and described electrode contraposition that described the 1st position probing is configured to described insulation course with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing with the either party in the nesa coating, make described either party's position probing produce induced voltage by described electrode being applied periodically variable oscillating voltage with nesa coating, form electric field in described either party's position probing on nesa coating, form described electric current variation that contact point produce with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing with nesa coating according to described the 1st position probing, produce the position data of described contact point.
The display device of the band touch sensor of the present invention's example, have above-mentioned touch sensor, and have that to be configured to the display medium layer be intermediary and described the 1st position probing with nesa coating and the 2nd position probing with the opposed active matrix substrate of either party in the nesa coating, provide the voltage that shows usefulness or the display circuit of electric current in the cycle that described either party's position probing is not applied described assigned voltage with nesa coating, detect the testing circuit of described either party's position probing with the electric current of a plurality of positions circulation in the nesa coating, and another on-off circuit of conducting with nesa coating of the position probing that makes described display circuit or described testing circuit and described either party.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
The display device of the band touch sensor of the present invention's example, comprise display medium layer and be configured in the observer side of described display medium layer and be used to drive the electrode of described display medium layer and the display screen of the insulation course of the observer side that is configured in described electrode, be configured to described insulation course is the position probing nesa coating of intermediary and described electrode contraposition, and the testing circuit that detects the electric current variation of a plurality of positions circulation in the described position probing usefulness nesa coating, by described electrode is applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, make described position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating, form electric field in described position probing with nesa coating, form the described electric current variation that contact point produces according to described position probing with nesa coating, produce the position data of described contact point.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
Described induced voltage can be the pulsating wave that periodically has maximal value and/or minimum value.
Described oscillating voltage can be to drive the voltage that described display medium layer is used.
Also can have to described electrode supply with the display circuit that drives voltage that described display medium layer uses or electric current and make described display circuit and described testing circuit in the on-off circuit that leads to of either party and described electrode conductance.
Described display screen can be a liquid crystal board, and described oscillating voltage can be the anti-phase voltage of polar cycle.
Described liquid crystal board can be the active array type liquid crystal board, and described electrode can be transparent opposite electrode.
Described electrode and described position probing can be below about 1mm with the distance between the nesa coating.
Described pulse wave frequency can be about 40kHz.
The method for generating position data of the present invention's example, generation is the position data of the position probing of intermediary and electrode contraposition with the contact point of nesa coating with respect to being configured to the insulation course, it comprises 2 following steps: by described electrode is applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, make described position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating, form the step of electric field with nesa coating in described position probing, form the described electric current variation that contact point produces according to described position probing with nesa coating, produce the step of the position data of described contact point.Utilize this point, solve at least one problem in the above-mentioned problem.
As described electrode, the electrode that the display medium layer that can use the driving display screen to have is used.
Described oscillating voltage can be to drive the voltage that display medium layer that display screen has is used.
The following describes effect of the present invention.
The display device of the band touch sensor of the invention process form 1, comprise contain the rectangular active matrix substrate that is arranged in a plurality of pixel electrodes on the 1st and with the 1st opposed transparent opposite electrode of described active matrix substrate, also comprise to described transparent opposite electrode supply with the voltage that shows usefulness or electric current the 1st circuit, detect described transparent opposite electrode the circulation of a plurality of positions electric current the 2nd circuit and make described the 1st circuit and described the 2nd electrode in either party and the on-off circuit that conducts of described transparent opposite electrode.
The display device of above-mentioned band touch sensor is not added the required nesa coating of contact position that utilizes the static capacity coupling scheme to detect finger and pen etc. on the display surface in addition, by either party and transparent opposite electrode in the 1st circuit and the 2nd circuit are conducted, transparent opposite electrode with time division way utilization demonstration usefulness carries out the detection of contact position.Therefore, the display quality deterioration that produces in the time of avoiding separately nesa coating being set in the front side of display device.And, can realize the miniaturization and the weight saving of the display device of band touch sensor.
Make said switching circuit with drive circuit for display and position detecting circuit, all form, then can realize switching at a high speed, thereby the display voltage that can suppress can produce when switch switches applies delay with the thin film transistor (TFT) that forms on the substrate.
The touch sensor of the invention process form 2, utilize the static capacity coupling scheme to detect outside input point in the operating surface of directions X and Y direction expansion, have and be configured to parallel and be electrically connected Y coordinate that the coordinate of the described Y direction that detects described input point uses detect the 1st position probing nesa coating with conductive part with described operating surface, being configured to the X coordinate of coordinate opposed with nesa coating with described the 1st position probing and that be electrically connected to detect the described directions X of described input point detects the 2nd position with conductive part and contacts and use nesa coating, be arranged on the dielectric layer between described the 1st position probing usefulness nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing usefulness nesa coating, and the on-off circuit that described the 1st position probing is applied assigned voltage with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing with a selected side in the nesa coating.
The Y coordinate of above-mentioned touch sensor detects with conductive part and the detection of X coordinate and is electrically connected the 1st position probing respectively with nesa coating and the 2nd position probing nesa coating with conductive part.Therefore, compare with having only 1 nesa coating and the existing touch sensor that this 1 nesa coating is detected the conductive part of Y-axis and X-axis position using is set, coordinate is detected with the pattern of conductive part simplify.Thus, can reduce to form on the nesa coating coordinate and detect the zone of using conductive part, thereby can enlarge the area of the operating surface that can detect contact point.
Conduct independent detection Y coordinate position and X coordinate position with nesa coating and the 2nd position probing with nesa coating by mutual the 1st position probing of switching of on-off circuit again,, therefore, when detecting a coordinate position, do not influence another coordinate position detection, can high Precision Detection go out position coordinates.
The display device of the band touch sensor of the invention process form 3, the display screen, position probing that comprises electrode is with nesa coating and testing circuit.The display device of this band touch sensor, it is characterized in that, by electrode being applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, make position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating, form electric field in position probing on nesa coating, and form the electric current that contact point produces according to position probing with conducting film and change, produce the position data of contact point.
The display device of above-mentioned band touch sensor is actively utilized the induced voltage of being commonly considered as noise, produces the position data of position probing with the contact point of nesa coating.Particularly,, make position probing produce induced voltage, form electric field on conducting film in position probing with nesa coating by to the periodically variable oscillating voltage of electrode data.Form the electric current variation that contact point produces according to position probing with nesa coating, produce the position data of contact point.
Therefore, do not need position probing is got greatly with the interval of nesa coating and electrode.Need between display screen and position probing are with nesa coating, screen layer be set yet.As a result, but the display device of the little band touch sensor of slimming and parallax can be provided.Moreover, in order to detect contact position, not to use the voltage that position probing is applied specially with nesa coating, but use electrode is applied the induced voltage that periodically variable oscillating voltage produces, thereby do not need complicated circuit, do not strengthen power consumption.As this oscillating voltage, can utilize display screen for driving the voltage that display media itself has.And, owing to do not need position probing is applied alternating voltage separately with nesa coating, but thereby power saving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map that the display device example basic composition of example 1 is shown.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the principle of work (during 1 dimension) of explanation static capacity coupling scheme touch sensor.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view that the electrode that the quadrangle at opposed conducting film becomes is shown in the example 1.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the principle of work (during 2 dimensions) of explanation static capacity coupling scheme touch sensor.
Fig. 5 (a) illustrates a kind of vertical view of implementing the active matrix substrate that state uses in the example 1, (b) is the figure that the composition of on-off circuit is shown, and (c) is that the voltage oscillogram over time that applies on the opposed conducting film is shown.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the position detecting circuit of employing in the example 1.
Fig. 7 is the vertical view that the electrode configuration example of the opposed conducting film of using in the conversion example of example 1 is shown.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view that utilizes electrode configuration example that opposed conducting film is shown.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view that the utilization composition of opposed conducting film is shown.
Figure 10 is the stereographic map of forming that the display device of being moved by pure matrix driving is shown.
Figure 11 (a) is the sectional view that the basic composition of organic EL display is shown, and (b) is its stereographic map.
Figure 12 is the stereographic map of structure that the touch sensor of example 2 schematically is shown.
Figure 13 is the vertical view that the 1st nesa coating and the 2nd nesa coating among Figure 12 schematically are shown.
Figure 14 is the block diagram of the position detecting circuit that adopts in the touch sensor of example 2.
Figure 15 (a) and (b) be the vertical view that the conversion example of nesa coating is shown.
Figure 16 is the mode chart of display device with touch sensor of example 2.
Figure 17 is the figure of composition of display device that the band touch sensor of example 3 schematically is shown.
Figure 18 (a) illustrates the common voltage figure over time that applies on the transparent opposite electrode of a routine display screen, the induced voltage figure over time that position probing when applying common voltage shown in Fig. 2 (a) on the transparent opposite electrode produces with nesa coating is shown (b), (c) is that the voltage figure over time that common voltage that an example applies transparent opposite electrode applies on the transparent opposite electrode when constant is shown.
Figure 19 is the block diagram that a routine testing circuit is shown.
Figure 20 is the figure that the amplifying circuit that eliminated noise direct current circuit comprises is shown.
Figure 21 (a) illustrates the signal figure over time that a routine eliminated noise DC circuit is received from the detection filtering circuit, (b) is that the DC voltage figure over time that an example adds to the A/D transducer is shown.
Figure 22 is the stereographic map that common simulation resistive film mode touch sensor schematically is shown.
Figure 23 is the vertical view of transparent resistance film that the simulation static capacity mode touch sensor of prior art schematically is shown.
The best mode that carries out an invention
Example 1～3 of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.In the following description, illustrate and pass through for example to face the situation that touch sensor is supplied with input point (contact point), but input method of the present invention is not limited thereto with operatings of contacts such as finger and conductive stylus.Can not have the device of contact by infrared ray, ultrasound wave, way of electromagnetic induction etc. by using operating of contacts faces such as finger and conductive stylus yet, import.
Example 1
At first, with reference to the example of the display device of a kind of band touch sensor of the present invention of description of drawings.Formation when the display device that Fig. 1 schematically illustrates band touch sensor of the present invention is used for liquid crystal indicator.Among the figure, from the below, back-lighting 1, diffusion sheet the 2, the 1st polaroid 3, substrate (the 1st substrate) 4, TFT battle array 5, liquid crystal layer 6, transparent opposite electrode 7, color filter 8, opposed substrate (the 2nd substrate) the 9 and the 2nd polaroid 10 be lamination successively.
Below, specifically describe the display device of the band touch sensor of this example 1.
On the 1st of substrate 4 that transparent insulation materials such as glass or plastics form, form TFT battle array 5, and rectangular arrangement pixel electrode (not shown).Drive pixel electrode in the active matrix mode, thereby the substrate 4 that in this instructions the surface of substrate 4 is formed the state of TFT battle array 5 etc. is called " active matrix substrate ".
TFT battle array 5 on the substrate 4 is arranged the thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) with semiconductor lamellas such as amorphous silicon and polysilicons.Actual substrate 4 has the zone in the outside of expanding the viewing area periphery to, forms driving circuit (gate drivers or source electrode driver) in this district, is used to drive the pixel TFT in the viewing area, and the electric charge of requirement is provided to pixel electrode.In the preferable form, by with constitute the viewing area in the identical TFT of the transistor of TFT battle array form the transistor that constitutes driving circuit.At this moment, in order to improve the responsiveness of driving circuit, preferably use the TFT that makes with polysilicon film to constitute driving circuit and TFT battle array.In order to improve the responsiveness of TFT as far as possible, wish to reduce as far as possible the potential barrier that perceives when charge carrier in the polysilicon film crosses crystal boundary, wish film production TFT with CGS (continuous grain crystal silicon).
The pixel that constitutes the TFT battle array is connected driving circuit with TFT by not shown wiring (grid wiring and data line).On active matrix substrate 4A, not shown diaphragm and alignment films are set, cover TFT battle array 5.
With liquid crystal layer 6 sides' of the opposed substrate 9 of active matrix substrate 4A face on the transparent opposite electrode 7 that forms of color filter 8, nesa coating (for example ITO film) lamination successively.
By transparent opposite electrode 7 and pixel electrode (not shown) each one that is arranged on the liquid crystal layer 6 between active matrix substrate 4A and the opposed substrate 9 is applied required voltage.Utilize this voltage application, liquid crystal molecule is changed, to modulate the light that back-lighting 1 sends.
Basic composition shown in Figure 1 extensively adopts in existing LCD panel.This example 1 not only is used as the public electrode that shows usefulness with the transparent opposite electrode 7 of Fig. 1, but also used as position probing nesa coating (transparent resistance film).
As indicated above, LCD panel point of addition in the past detects when using nesa coating, and not only display quality reduces, and the signal that liquid crystal display is used may become the noise of position probing with signal.In order to prevent this point, between polaroid 10 and position probing layer, be provided with when reducing the insulation course (screen layer) of noise, display quality is further reduced.Yet in this example, the transparent opposite electrode 7 of mutual dividually switching uses the situation of public electrode and this electrode 7 to be used as the situation of nesa coating as demonstration on the time, thereby can solve the problem of above-mentioned display quality variation.
The electrode that the quadrangle of the transparent opposite electrode 7 that this example is used becomes position probing to use.These electrodes are applied alternating voltage, in transparent opposite electrode 7, roughly be formed uniformly the little electric field of gradient.
During with pen or finger contact polaroid 10 or another insulating component of forming it on surperficial, transparent opposite electrode with (ground plane) capacitive coupling.This coupling capacitance is meant the total capacitance of the electric capacity that exists between electric capacity between polaroid 10 and the transparent opposite electrode 7 and people and the ground.
Resistance value between each electrode of capacity coupled contact portion and transparent opposite electrode 7 is proportional to contact portion in each distance between electrodes.Therefore, by the electrode of 7 four jiaos of transparent opposite electrodes, the electric current that circulation is directly proportional with contact portion and each distance between electrodes.Detect the size of these electric currents, just can obtain the position coordinates of contact portion.
Below, the ultimate principle that adopts the method for detecting position of static capacity coupling scheme in this example is described with reference to Fig. 2.
Among Fig. 2,, illustrate and be clipped in the dimension of 1 between electrode A and electrode B resistance for illustrative ease.Transparent opposite electrode 7 performances of 2 dimension expansions of the actual displayed device of example and this 1 dimension resistance identical functions.
Electrode A is connected the resistance r that the current-voltage conversion is used respectively with electrode B.Electrode A, the on-off circuit link position testing circuit of B by hereinafter illustrating.In this example, on active matrix substrate 4A, form these circuit.
In position detection mode, apply homophase, idiostatic voltage (exchanging e) between between electrode A and the ground and electrode B and the ground.At this moment, electrode A and electrode B always are in idiostatic, thereby do not have circulating current between electrode A and the electrode B.
Suppose to wait touch location C with finger.Here, the contact position C of finger is R1 to the distance of electrode A, and contact position C is R2 to the distance of electrode B, and R=R1+R2.At this moment, the impedance of establishing the people is Z, and the electric current that flows through electrode A is i1, and when the electric current that flows through electrode B was i2, following formula was set up.
E=ri 1+ R 1i 1+ (i 1+ i 2) Z (formula 1)
E=ri 2+ R 2i 2+ (i 1+ i 2) Z (formula 2)
Formula 3 and formula 4 below above-mentioned formula 1 and formula 2 can get.
i 1(r+R 1)=i 2(r+R 2) (formula 3)
i 2=i 1(r+R 1)/(r+R 2) (formula 4)
With formula 4 substitution formulas 1, then can get following formula 5.
E=ri 1+ R 1i 1+ (i 1+ i 1(r+R 1)/(r+R 2)) Z=i 1(R (Z+r)+R 1R 2+ 2Zr+r 2)/(r+R 2) (formula 5)
Formula 6 below above-mentioned formula 5 can get.
i 1=e (r+R 2)/(R (Z+r)+R 1R 2+ 2Zr+r 2) (formula 6)
Equally, can get formula 7.
i 2=e (r+R 1)/(R (Z+r)+R 1R 2+ 2Zr+r 2) (formula 7)
Here, the ratio with all-in resistance R represents R1, R2 then can get formula 8.
R 1/ R=(2r/R+1) i 2/ (i 1+ i 2)-r/R (formula 8)
R and R are known, thereby utilize to measure and obtain current i 1 that flows through electrode A and the current i 2 that flows through electrode B, then can be according to formula 8 decision R1/R.R1/R does not rely on the impedance Z that comprises with the people of finger contact.Therefore, with impedance Z be zero, infinitely great irrelevant, formula 8 is always set up, and can ignore the variation and the state of people, material.
Below, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 situation when expanding the relational expression under the situation of above-mentioned 1 dimension to 2 dimensions is described.Here, as shown in Figure 3, become 4 electrode A, B, C, D at the quadrangle of transparent opposite electrode 7.These electrode A～D are by the on-off circuit link position testing circuit on the active matrix substrate.
With reference to figure 4.As shown in Figure 4, four jiaos electrode of transparent opposite electrode 7 is applied homophase, idiostatic alternating voltage, and the electric current that flows through 7 four jiaos of transparent opposite electrodes because of the contact of finger etc. is respectively i1, i2, i3 and i4.At this moment, utilize the calculating identical, can get following formula with aforementioned calculation.
X=k 1+ k 2(i 2+ i 8)/(i 1+ i 2+ i 8+ i 4) (formula 9)
Y=k 1+ k 2(i 1+ i 2)/(i 1+ i 2+ i 8+ i 4) (formula 10)
Here, X is the X coordinate of the contact position on the transparent opposite electrode 7, and Y is the Y coordinate of the contact position on the transparent opposite electrode 7.K1 is biasing, and k2 is a multiplying power, and k1 and k2 are the constants that does not rely on people's impedance.
According to above-mentioned formula 9 and formula 10, can be from flowing through current i 1～i4 decision contact position of 4 electrodes.
In the above-mentioned example,, measure the electric current that flows through each electrode, detect the contact position on the face with 2 dimension expansions, but the number of electrodes of transparent opposite electrode 2 is not limited to 4 by four jiaos of configured electrodes at transparent opposite electrode 7.2 dimension position probing required minimum number of electrodes are 3, but number of electrodes is increased to more than 5, can improve the precision of position probing.Hereinafter describe the relation of number of electrodes and position detection accuracy in detail.
According to above-mentioned principle,, need to measure the current value that flows through a plurality of electrodes that are provided with in the transparent opposite electrode 7 in order to determine the coordinate of contact position.Transparent opposite electrode 7 also needs liquid crystal layer 6 is applied the required assigned voltage of demonstration in the display mode.
Therefore, this example is shown in Fig. 5 (a), and the active matrix substrate 4A that forms the TFT battle array goes up with driving circuit the deploy switch circuit.On the opposed substrate (not shown), form transparent opposite electrode 7 and electrode A～D, but the conductive member (representing with A～D among the figure) of connection electrode A～D is set on the active matrix substrate 4A.These conductive members are electrically connected the electrode A～D on the opposed substrate.Carry out this connection, in existing display device, the connection of carrying out between the display circuit on transparent opposite electrode 7 on the opposed substrate and the active matrix substrate 4A is identical.
Fig. 5 (b) illustrates the circuit diagram that on-off circuit is formed example.Apply the signal that the gauge tap circuit switches on the terminal 50.Produce this control signal by not shown control circuit.When control signal was " height " level, the 1st transistor 51 in the on-off circuit was a conducting state, and transistor 52 is a nonconducting state.At this moment, electrode A～D is electrically connected the public electrode (COM) of liquid crystal display circuit, accepts to apply the required voltage of demonstration.
On the other hand, when control signal was transferred to " low " level from " height " level, the transistor 51 in the on-off circuit changed to nonconducting state, and transistor 52 is a conducting state.As a result, terminal A ', B ', C ' and the D ' of electrode A, B, C and D difference electrically connecting position testing circuit.Then, carry out the measurement of above-mentioned current i 1～i4 and the decision of position coordinates.
The current potential that Fig. 5 (c) illustrates transparent opposite electrode 7 over time.The longitudinal axis is represented the current potential of transparent opposite electrode 7, the transverse axis express time.Detect mould (period T 1) and display mode (period T 2) by the periodically mutual switching position of on-off circuit.In the display mode, four jiaos of whole electrical shorts of transparent opposite electrode 7 provide for transparent opposite electrode 7 and drive the required current potential (common electric voltage COM) of liquid crystal.On the other hand, in the position detection mode, the on-off circuit that is made of transistor and diode etc. makes four jiaos the electrode A～D link position testing circuit of transparent opposite electrode 7.
According to conventional liquid crystal indicator structure, preferably the period T 1 with position detection mode is set at more than 0.2 microsecond.Owing to carry out position probing with the sample period of (T1+T2), the cycle (T1+T2), then on display surface during the contact position of fast moving finger and pen, generation should be with the big problem in interval of the position coordinates of mobile continuous detecting if long.For fear of this problem, preferably T1+T2 is set at below 17 microseconds.
In the position detection mode, will be set at for example scope of 30～200kHz to the cycle of transparent 7 time of opposite electrode alternating voltage, the amplitude setting of voltage is the scope of 2～3V for example.The dc offset voltage that also can add 1～2V on this alternating voltage.The common electric voltage that shows usefulness also can not be fixed as steady state value, for example can make each display field polarity upset.
Though not record is identical with the transistor that constitutes driving circuit and on-off circuit among Fig. 5 (a), the transistor that constitutes position detecting circuit also is preferably in active matrix substrate 4A and upward forms.This is owing to integrated each circuit on same substrate, then is not easy to produce the signal waveform distortion that signal lag causes, and is not easy to descend because of switch motion makes display quality.
Below.The composition of position detecting circuit 50 is described with reference to Fig. 6.
Position detecting circuit 50 shown in the figure has 4 electric current change detecting circuits 61.Electric current change detecting circuit 61 is in position detection mode, and the electrode A～D that measures transparent opposite electrode separately and the electric current that circulates between the ground.65 couples of each electrode A～D of touch sensor AC driving oscillatory circuit apply alternating voltage.Therefore, the electric current that flows through electrode A～D by the contact of finger etc. has AC compounent.The output of electric current change detecting circuit 61 is accepted to amplify and bandpass filtering by analog signal processing circuit 62.Illustrating by detection filtering circuit 63 of analog signal processing circuit 62 in addition after the detection, is input to eliminated noise DC circuit 64 again.Eliminated noise DC circuit 64 makes the output of detection filtering circuit 63 become direct current, and produces the signal with the value that is directly proportional with the electric current that flows through each electrode A～D.
After receiving that from described eliminated noise DC circuit 64 66 pairs of above-mentioned signals of analog multichannel switch selector switch of above-mentioned signal switch, the output of electrode A～D is sent to A/D transducer 67 in proper order by it.A/D protected location 67 sends to treating apparatus 68 with digitized signal (data).
Treating apparatus 68 is contained in portable type information terminal (PDA), ATM, ticket machine or the various computer-internal of the display device that for example has Fig. 1, carries out data processing.
The position data that testing circuit 50 produces is not limited to above-mentioned example.Testing circuit 50 also can for example be obtained the XY coordinate with above-mentioned digitized dc voltage value, and it is exported as position data.
Above position detecting circuit needn't all be formed on the active matrix substrate with in the contained various electric currents, but is preferably in circuit and other TFT battle array that forms the Fig. 5 (b) that comprises transistor 51,52 on the active matrix substrate at least.
In the display device of the band touch sensor of this example, transparent opposite electrode double as nesa coating as the display device building block, thereby needn't prepare on substrates such as glass, to be provided with the nesa coating touch sensor that position probing is used separately, and this sensor stack is contained on the picture display face of display screen.Therefore, solve the problem of display quality deteriorations such as in the past touch sensor substrate part transmissivity, reflectivity.
But according to this example, owing to use the electrode of the medial region be positioned at 2 substrates 4,9 in the position probing, the contact position of finger and pen and the distance between the conducting film are easily than the distance under the situation in the past.This distance is elongated, then the tendency of location detection sensitivity reduction.Reduce for fear of this sensitivity, preferably reduce the thickness of opposed substrate 9.The preferred thickness of opposed substrate 9 is 0.4～0.7mm.
In the display device of this example, position probing is set is not limited to four jiaos of transparent opposite electrode with the position of electrode.As shown in Figure 7, can other electrode E, F, G and H be set in the centre of centre, electrode C and the D of electrode A and B.When a plurality of electrode is set like this, for example carry out position probing with 3 electrode A, B and F after, carry out position probing with electrode C, D and E immediately, thereby can improve the precision of position probing.
As shown in Figure 8, be preferably between four jiaos the electrode a plurality of division electrode O1～Onx, P1～Pnx, Q1～Qny and S1～Sny (nx and ny are the natural numbers more than 2) are set again.(wherein 1≤j≤nx) is corresponding with the electrode Pj that division electrode P1～Pnx between electrode C, D comprises for the electrode Oj that comprises at the division electrode O1～Onx between electrode A, the B.Then, j is scanned successively from 1 to nx, measure simultaneously and flow through corresponding electrode Oj and the electric current of electrode Pj respectively.Like this, just the energy high precision determines the coordinate of contact position.The number of electrodes that one side of transparent opposite electrode 7 forms can be set at for example 4～10.
The static capacity coupling scheme that adopt according to this example produce a little deviation between contact position that is calculated by the size of current of the electrode that flows through four jiaos of transparent opposite electrodes and the actual contact position sometimes.Yet, make a plurality of electrodes that a plurality of positions of scanning are provided with, and measure the current value that flows through each electrode, can realize the detection that precision is very high.
When increasing the quantity of electrode like this, the interconnective complexity of driving circuit, position detecting circuit and on-off circuit increases by geometric series.Yet, on-off element, position detecting circuit and driving circuit system are gone into to same substrate, also a plurality of splicing ears can be set, and each circuit be interconnected with long wiring.Thereby, can prevent the picture quality variation that signal lag causes.
More than in Shuo Ming the example, constitute transparent opposite electrode 7 by 1 nesa coating.Yet the transparent opposite electrode 7 of this example is not limited to be made up of 1 continuous film like this.For example.As shown in Figure 9, also can be divided into a plurality of parts 7 with regard to transparent opposite electrode 7 1～7 NAt this moment, divide part 7 1～7 NForm pair of electrodes respectively.Adopt such structure, then can obtain a plurality of state of 1 dimension resistance configuration among Fig. 2.In this case, according to flowing through the position probing that each circuit size of dividing the pair of electrodes of part setting determines relevant Y coordinate.On the other hand, the position probing of X coordinate, then changing by the circuit that detects which division part determines.In the example of Fig. 9, the sum (N) of the division part 71～7N of transparent opposite electrode 7 increases more, and the position resolution of X coordinate improves more.Along each of directions X divide part scale be for example 63.5～254 microns, the scope of preferable N value is 240～480 in the demonstration of for example PDA etc. is counted.
This example is used to have the display device of active matrix substrate, bring into play significant effect, but this example is not limited thereto.This example also can be used for for example display device of pure matrix driving.
Figure 10 schematically illustrates forming of the display device of being moved by pure matrix driving.This display device posts the 1st substrate 91 of polaroid and phase difference film 90 by the back side and the 2nd substrate 95 that polaroid and phase difference film 96 are posted in the back side sandwiches liquid crystal layer.
Arrange the stripscan electrode 92 that extends toward X-direction on the face of the liquid crystal layer side of the 1st substrate 91.Form color filter portion 94 on the face of the liquid crystal side of the 2nd substrate 95, and then in this one, arrange the stripscan electrode 93 that extends along Y direction.Electrode 92 and electrode 93 are in cross one another configuration relation, pile up the alignment films (not shown) on these electrodes.
In the display device of Figure 10, by nesa coating pattern-making is formed scan electrode 92 or data electrode 93.Position probing conducting film double as scan electrode 92 or data electrode 93.Use the voltage that applies on the driving circuit/position detecting circuit gated sweep electrode 92 that switches by the circuit identical or the data electrode 93 with said switching circuit.
This example also can be used for the device beyond the liquid crystal indicator, for example organic El device.Figure 11 (a) and the composition example of organic El device (b) is shown.This display device on glass substrate 100 with transparency machine 101, the positive hole of liquid crystal transfer layer 102, liquid crystal EL layer 103 and metal electrode 104 lamination successively.Transparency electrode 101 and metal electrode 104 all are arranged in band shape, but transparency electrode 101 and metal electrode 104 are configured to intersect.The light that produces in the liquid crystal EL layer 103 is by glass substrate 100 past below outgoing.
In this example, the rear side (face side of display device) of glass substrate 100 point with the pen etc. contact.Position probing is divided into band shape with nesa coating, and promptly transparency electrode 101 is also as the position probing nesa coating.
Use the voltage that applies on driving circuit/position detecting circuit control transparency electrode 101 of switching by the circuit identical with said switching circuit.
As described above like that, the display device according to the band touch sensor of example 1 can suppress reducing of display screen light transmission, prevents the display quality variation.And, the increase of energy restraining device gross thickness and weight.
Example 2
Below, a kind of example of touch sensor of the present invention is described with reference to Figure 12 and Figure 13.
The static capacity coupling scheme of utilizing the touch sensor 37 of example 2 detect the interior outside input point of operating surface of 2 dimension (being directions X and Y direction) expansions.In the following description, illustrate by for example supplying with the situation of input point with operating of contacts faces such as finger and conductive stylus.Figure 12 is the stereographic map that the structure of touch sensor 37 schematically is shown.
As shown in figure 12, touch sensor 37 have 2 position probing with nesa coating (transparent resistance film) (the 1st position probing that promptly is configured to be parallel to operating surface with nesa coating 32 and be configured to and the 1st position probing with nesa coating 32 opposed the 2nd position probing with nesa coating 34), be arranged on these position probing with dielectric layer 33 and on-off circuit (not shown) between nesa coatings 32,34.Form dielectric layer 33 by insulating material.
As required, the interarea that the face opposition side of dielectric layer 33 is set in the 1st position probing in nesa coating 32 is provided with glass 31.Be provided with like this under the situation of glass 31, can prevent to point when directly contacting the operating surface of touch sensor 37 with conductive stylus, damage touch sensor 37 can make reflectivity reduce again.In the touch sensor 37 of Figure 12, the interarea of glass 31 is operating surfaces, waits with pen by for example finger to contact this operating surface, and touch sensor 37 is supplied with contact point.
As shown in figure 13, the 1st position probing has the coordinate pair of conductive portion (conductive film pattern) of detecting contact point respectively with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing with nesa coating 34.This conductive part works as position probing is applied the assigned voltage pair of electrodes with nesa coating.To metal film pattern-making, form this conductive part by for example.
The 1st position probing is to detect the Y coordinate that the Y coordinate of contact point uses to detect with conductive part 35 with the conductive part that is provided with on the nesa coating 32.This Y coordinate detects with conductive part 35 in 2 districts that the 1st position probing separates with the Y direction setting on the nesa coating 32.On the other hand, the 2nd position probing is to detect the X coordinate that the X coordinate of contact point uses to detect with conductive part 36 with the conductive part that is provided with on the nesa coating 34.This X coordinate detects with conductive part 36 in 2 districts that the 2nd position probing separates with the directions X setting on the nesa coating 34.
" directions X " in this instructions and " Y direction " need not to be the direction by the straight line regulation of stricti jurise.When touch sensor and display screen were made of flexible material, operating surface was flexible.Even in fact operating surface is in the curved surface state, rather than under the situation on plane, the position on the operating surface also can be represented with 2 coordinate X, Y.
As shown in figure 13, the Y coordinate detects to detect with conductive part 36 with conductive part 35 and X coordinate and has the simple pattern identical with the conductive part 19 of the touch sensor of common analog resistance film method.The pattern of this conductive part 35,36 is compared with the conductive part 19 of the touch sensor of existing simulation static capacity coupling scheme shown in Figure 23, and it forms simple.
Like this, the touch sensor 37 of this example has 2 containments and detects with nesa coating 32,34, the Y coordinate detects with conductive part 35 and the detection of X coordinate and is separately positioned on different position probing with on the nesa coating 32,34 with conductive part 36, and the Y coordinate detects with conductive part 35 and the detection of X coordinate all has simple conductive pattern with conductive part 36
This Y coordinate detection detects with the X coordinate with conductive part 35 and is connected the on-off circuit (not shown) with conductive part 36.Utilize the switching of on-off circuit, optionally the Y coordinate is detected a certain side who detects with conductive part 36 with conductive part 35 and X coordinate and apply alternating voltage.The Y coordinate detects with conductive part 35 and the detection of X coordinate and is electrically connected the 1st position probing nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing nesa coating 34 respectively with conductive part 36, thereby utilize the switching of this on-off circuit, the 1st position probing is conducted with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing a certain side with nesa coating 34, roughly be formed uniformly electric field with nesa coating in this position probing.
The following describes the method for detecting position of the touch sensor 37 of this example.
For example detect when applying voltage with conductive part 35 the Y coordinate being detected selectively with the detection of the Y coordinate in the conductive part 36 with conductive part 35 and X coordinate, conductive stylus contacts the surface of glass 31 with finger, then the 1st position probing nesa coating 32 and ground (ground plane) capacitive coupling.At this moment, detection applies voltage with conductive part 36 to the X coordinate.
This electric capacity is meant glass 31 and the 1st position probing electric capacity with the electric capacity summation that exists between the electric capacity between the conducting film 32 and people and the ground.Capacity coupled contact portion and the 1st position probing are proportional to the distance of contact portion between Y coordinate detection usefulness conductive part 35 with the Y coordinate detection of nesa coating 32 with the resistance value between the conductive part 35.Therefore, the Y coordinate detects with conductive part 35 circulations and detects the electric current that is directly proportional with the distance between the conductive part 35 with contact portion and Y coordinate.Detect the size of this electric current, just can obtain the coordinate of the Y direction of contact point.
Ask the coordinate of the directions X of contact point, the switching that then utilizes on-off circuit detects the X coordinate selectively and applies voltage with conductive part 36.At this moment, detection applies voltage with conductive part 35 to the Y coordinate.Therefore, the 2nd position probing nesa coating 34 and ground (ground plane) capacitive coupling.
This electric capacity is meant glass 31 and the 2nd position probing total capacitance with the electric capacity that exists between the electric capacity between the conducting film 34 and people and the ground.The X coordinate detects with conductive part 36 circulations and detects the electric current that is directly proportional with the distance between the conductive part 36 with contact portion and X coordinate, thereby detects the size of this electric current, just can obtain the coordinate of the directions X of contact point.After below carrying out like that, obtain the directions X of contact point and the coordinate of Y direction.
The Y coordinate of above-mentioned coordinate detection method independent detection contact point and X coordinate, thereby compare with the existing method that detects X coordinate and Y coordinate simultaneously, in the time of can thinking check fee.Yet, can be with several milliseconds of detections of carrying out a coordinate, thereby detect the Y coordinate and compare with people's touch action with the time that the X coordinate needs, enough lack, no problem.
The connection switching frequency of on-off circuit is hundreds of kHz.Therefore,, also can roughly detect the position of the contact point that is moving in real time, make this position roughly continuous even on the operating surface during mobile access point.Moreover, detected position is compared deposited in storer, then can be with touch sensor 37 as hand input device.
Identical what above illustrate in the ultimate principle of the method for detecting position of the static capacity coupling scheme that adopt in this example 2 and the example 1 with reference to Fig. 2, thereby detailed here.In the touch sensor 37 of this example 2, have the 1 dimension resistance identical functions of the position probing of 2 dimension expansions with nesa coating 32 or 35 performances and Fig. 2.Y coordinate with conductive part of usefulness detects each conductive part performance and electrode A and the electrode B identical functions with conductive part 35, and the X coordinate with conductive part of usefulness detects each conductive part performance and the electrode A and the electrode B identical functions of usefulness conductive part 36.Electrode A is connected the resistance that the current-voltage conversion is used respectively with electrode B.Electrode A, B connect the hereinafter position detecting circuit of explanation.
Apply homophase, idiostatic voltage (exchanging e) between between electrode A and the ground and electrode B and the ground.At this moment, electrode A and electrode B always are in idiostatic, thereby circulating current not between electrode A and the electrode B.
If contact position C is R1 to the resistance of electrode A, contact position C is R2 to the resistance of electrode B, and during R1+R2=R, can utilize (formula 1) shown in the example 1～(formula 8) decision R1/R.
In the touch sensor 37 of this example, the 1st position probing is used above-mentioned principle with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing with nesa coating 34.When on-off circuit applies voltage to the 1st position probing with nesa coating 32 selectively, detect the measured value of the electric current that circulates separately with conductive part 35 according to the 1st position probing with a pair of Y coordinate of nesa coating 32, detect the position (R1/R) of Y coordinate.Again, when on-off circuit applies voltage to the 2nd position probing with nesa coating 34 selectively, detect the measured value of the electric current that circulates separately with conductive part 36 according to the 2nd position probing with a pair of Y coordinate of nesa coating 34, detect the position (R1/R) of X coordinate.As a result, can determine the coordinate (X, Y coordinate) of contact point.
So far, illustrated as mentioned, the touch sensor 37 of this example has 2 position probing nesa coating 32,34, and each position probing is provided with the detection of Y coordinate conductive part 35 and X coordinate detection conducting film 36 respectively with conducting film.Therefore, and have only 1 position probing nesa coating, and compare with the existing touch sensor that nesa coating is provided with the conductive part of the position of detecting Y-axis and X-direction using in this 1 position probing, it is simple that coordinate is detected with the pattern of conductive part.Utilize this point, can reduce to form coordinate on electrically conducting transparent portion in position probing and detect zone, thereby can enlarge the area of the operating surface that can detect contact point with conductive part.
Utilize mutual the 2nd position probing of switching of on-off circuit to conduct the position of the position of independent detection Y coordinate and X coordinate with nesa coating 34 with conducting of nesa coating 32 with the 2nd position probing again.Therefore, when detecting a coordinate position, the detection of another coordinate position is unaffected, but the high Precision Detection position coordinates.
In the touch sensor 37, the 1st position probing preferably forms by having even low-resistance material in the face with nesa coating 34 with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing, is for example formed by indium tin oxide (ITO).Dielectric layer 33 is for example formed by thick about 100 microns dimethyl ester (PET).Because PET and IOT have the refractive index of same degree, the 1st position probing can suppress the transmissivity decline of touch sensor 37 with not reflecting on the interface of nesa coating 32 and dielectric layer 33 or the 2nd position probing interface with nesa coating 34 and dielectric layer 33.Because dielectric layer 33 has above-mentioned thickness, the 1st position probing is used between the nesa coating 34 with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing reliably insulated again.The material of dielectric layer 33 is except that with the PET, also available glass and other transparent insulating substrate with refractive index identical with the PET degree.The thickness of dielectric layer 33 suitably determines according to the material that uses.
As reference Figure 22 illustration, the touch sensor of analog resistance film method need be provided with air layer 13 between 2 transparent resistance films 12,14, because transparent resistance film 12,14 is different with the reflectivity of air layer 13, and the problem that exists refractive index to reduce.In contrast, the touch sensor 37 of the simulation static capacity mode of this example can dielectric layer 33 use PET such have a refractive index materials identical with the ITO degree, thereby compare with the touch sensor of analog resistance film method, can suppress transmissivity and descend.
Above-mentioned position probing is identical with the material of the touch illusion optical fiber use of analog resistance film method usually with the material of nesa coating 32,34 or dielectric layer 33.Again, such with reference to Figure 13 illustration, the coordinate of touch sensor 37 detects with the pattern of conductive part 35,36 identical with the pattern of the conductive part of the touch sensor of common analog resistance film method.Therefore, when making touch sensor 37, the manufacturing installation of available existing analog resistance film method touch sensor and material can suppress manufacturing cost and raise.
Below, the composition of the position detecting circuit 50 that is provided with is described in the routine touch sensor 37 with reference to Figure 14.Respectively 2 in circuit shown in Figure 14 61～64, but the quantity of these circuit is not limited to shown in the figure.For example, as shown in figure 13, the 1st position probing forms the Y coordinate with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing respectively with conducting film 34 and detects and detect with conductive part 36 each 2 the time with conductive part 35 and X coordinate, because 1 conductive part is provided with 1 group of circuit 61～64, position detecting circuit 50 has 4 groups of circuit 61～64.
Position detecting circuit 50 shown in Figure 14 has electric current change detecting circuit 61.Electric current change detecting circuit 61 is measured the 1st position probing and is detected with the electric current that circulates between conductive part 35 and the ground and the 2nd position probing with the X coordinate detection of nesa coating 34 with the electric current that circulates between conductive part 36 and the ground with the Y coordinate of nesa coating 32.Utilize the switching of on-off circuit 69, switch the Y coordinate alternately and detect conducting and X coordinate detection conducting with conductive part 35 and touch sensor AC driving oscillatory circuit 65 with conductive part 36 and touch sensor AC driving oscillatory circuit 65.So 65 pairs of Y coordinates of touch sensor AC driving oscillatory circuit detect with conductive part 35 and the detection of X coordinate and apply alternating voltage with a side who is selected in the conductive part 36.Therefore, the electric current that flows through each conductive part 35,36 by the contact of finger etc. has AC compounent.
Electric current change detecting circuit 61 illustrate by analog signal processing circuit 62 amplify and bandpass filtering treatment after, further be input to eliminated noise direct current circuit 64.Eliminated noise direct current circuit 64 makes illustrating of detection filtering circuit 63 become direct current, and produces the signal with the value that is directly proportional with the electric current that flows through each conductive part.
After receiving that from eliminated noise direct current circuit 64 the analog multichannel switch selector switch 66 of above-mentioned signal carries out the switching of above-mentioned signal, the output of conductive part 35,36 is sent to A/D transducer 67.A/D transducer 67 sends to treating apparatus 68 with digitized signal (data).
Treating apparatus 68 for example is contained in this point (PDA) of portable type information, ATM, ticket machine or the various computing machine that has hereinafter with reference to the display device of Figure 16 explanation, carries out data processing.
The position data that testing circuit 50 produces is not limited to above-mentioned example.Testing circuit 50 also can for example be obtained the XY coordinate with above-mentioned digitized dc voltage value, and it is exported as position data.
More than in Shuo Ming the example, the 1st position probing comprises that with nesa coating 32 the Y coordinate of pair of conductive portion detects the X coordinate detection conductive part 36 that comprises pair of conductive portion with conductive part 35, the 2 position probing with nesa coating 34.Yet the position probing of this example is not limited thereto with the structure of the conductive part 35,36 of finger in the nesa coating 32,34.For example, as shown in figure 15, the Y coordinate detects also can have a plurality of conductive parts 35 more than 3 that separate in the Y direction with conductive part 35 1～35 NEqually, the X coordinate detects and also can have a plurality of conductive parts 36 more than 3 that separate at directions X with conductive part 36 1～36 N
At this moment, the pattern of conductive part 35,36 is than pattern complexity shown in Figure 13, but because the quantity of conductive part is many, can more correctly detect the position of contact point.As indicated above, when increasing the quantity of conductive part, the most handy transparent material forms the conductive part of configuration in the viewing area.
As mentioned above, according to the touch sensor of example 2,, also can carry out position detection with high accuracy even the conductive pattern that touch sensor is had is done more merely than the conductive pattern of existing electrostatic capacity type touch sensor theater.
The touch sensor 37 of above-mentioned example 2 is configured in the display screen usually and uses.Figure 16 is the mode chart with display device 30 of touch sensor 37.Display device 30 is made the display surface configuration touch sensor 37 at display screen 20.
Display screen 20 comprises active matrix substrate 22, and this active matrix substrate 22 opposed transparent opposed substrate 24 and be arranged on display medium layer 26 between these substrates of a plurality of pixel electrodes that contain rectangular arrangement.Transparent opposite electrode 24 has to be arranged to and the opposed transparency electrode of pixel electrode.Display screen 20 can be for example LCD panel or organic EL.When display screen 20 was LCD panel, display medium layer 26 was liquid crystal layers, and when being organic EL, display medium layer 26 is organic EL layers.
Display device 30 also can be used the 1st position probing of touch sensor 37 with nesa coating 34 with nesa coating 32 or the 2nd position probing as the above-mentioned transparency electrode of display screen 20.Utilize this point, can omit 1 nesa coating, thereby can suppress transmissivity decline.Below, illustrative examples is as using the 2nd position probing the display device of nesa coating 34 as the band touch sensor of the transparent opposite electrode of display screen 20.
This is with the display device of touch sensor to have and is configured to the display medium layer is intermediary and the 2nd position probing nesa coating 34 opposed active matrix substrates 22.The display device of above-mentioned band touch sensor also be included in not the cycle that the 2nd position probing is applied assigned voltage (being the voltage that usefulness is detected in the position, normally periodically variable oscillating voltage) with nesa coating 34 supply with the voltage that shows usefulness or electric current the 1st circuit, detect the 2nd circuit of the electric current that the 2nd position probing circulates with a plurality of positions in the conducting film 34 and make another on-off circuit that a certain side in the 2nd circuit and the 2nd position probing conduct with nesa coating 34 in the 1st circuit.
The display device of this band touch sensor makes the 2nd position probing also be used as transparency electrode with nesa coating 34, except that the 1st position probing is applied the on-off circuit of the assigned voltage that position probing uses, also comprise another on-off circuit that a certain side that makes in the 1st circuit and the 2nd circuit and the 2nd position probing conduct with nesa coating 34 with a side who is selected in the nesa coating 34 with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing.
By another on-off circuit makes a certain side and the 2nd position probing in the 1st circuit and the 2nd circuit conduct with nesa coating 34 with this, utilize the 2nd position probing with nesa coating 34 with time division way, carry out the detection of contact position and applying of display voltage.Therefore, the back side side of touch sensor does not need to be provided with separately transparency electrode, thus but the transmissivity of the display device of inhibition zone touch sensor decline.Can also realize miniaturization and weight saving with the big display device of touch sensor.
For example, as shown in figure 16, when the touch sensor 37 of the front (observer side) of display screens such as liquid crystal board 20 configuration example 2, touch sensor 37 suffers the noise from display screen 20, and the position detection accuracy of touch sensor 37 may reduce.The noise of example display screen 20 comprises and results from the common electric voltage that applies on the opposite electrode that for example display screen 20 has, and the induced voltage that produces with nesa coating 32,34 in the position probing that touch sensor 37 has.
In order to remove this noise, the display device of the band touch sensor of example 2 is after detected signal deducts the signal of induced voltage correspondence from the testing circuit 50 that detects contact position and use, the computing contact position.
As implement form 2, when the touch sensor 37 of display screen 20 configuration static capacity coupling scheme, configuration screen layer (not shown) between position probing that touch sensor 37 has is with nesa coating 32,34 and display screen 20 utilizes this screen layer to suppress touch sensor 37 and is subjected to bad influence because of the noise from display screen 20.Moreover, dispose fully away from display screen 20 with nesa coating 32,34 position probing of touch sensor 37, also suppress The noise thus from display screen 20.
Yet, when disposing fully away from display screen 20 with the position probing that makes touch sensor 37 with nesa coating when between touch sensor 37 and display screen 20, screen layer being set, exist parallax to become big problem.Though this screen layer is present in the space of the display surface of display screen 20 to the observer, transmissivity reduces sometimes.And, also exist the display device volume that touch sensor 37 is set big, the problem that is difficult to slimming.
Therefore, the following describes a kind of display device and method for generating position data, can address the above problem, and parallax is little with touch sensor, again can miniaturization.
Example 3
A kind of example of display device of band touch sensor of the present invention at first, is described with reference to Figure 17.
Figure 17 schematically illustrates the composition of display device 53 of the band touch sensor of the invention process form 3.
The display device 53 of band touch sensor has display screen 49, position probing nesa coating 47 and testing circuit (not shown among Figure 17).
Display screen 49 has the insulation course (dielectric layer) 46 that forms Media layer 44, is configured in the observer side of display medium layer 44 and is used to drive the transparent opposite electrode 45 of display medium layer 44 and be configured in the observer side of transparent opposite electrode 45 at least.The insulation course 46 that position probing is configured to have with this display screen 49 with nesa coating 47 is that intermediary and transparent opposite electrode 45 are opposed.The electric current that the testing circuit detection position is detected with a plurality of positions circulation in the nesa coating 47 changes.
The display device 53 of band touch sensor, its principal character is: by applying periodically variable oscillating voltage at transparent opposite electrode 45, make position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating 47, form electric field in position probing on nesa coating 47, and, produce the position data of contact point according to forming the electric current variation that contact point produces with nesa coating 47 by position probing.
Usually, in the display device of band touch sensor, because of transparent opposite electrode apply common electric voltage in position probing with the induced voltage that nesa coating produces, it is generally acknowledged that to touch sensor be noise.Therefore, produce induced voltage with nesa coating, obtain position probing enough big with the interval of nesa coating and transparent opposite electrode in order to suppress position probing.Perhaps, between position probing is with nesa coating and transparent opposite electrode, dispose screen layer.Perhaps, as indicated above, after detected signal deducts the signal of above-mentioned induced voltage correspondence from the testing circuit that the detection contact position is used, the computing contact position.
In contrast, the display device 53 of the band touch sensor of this example 3 is actively utilized the induced voltage of being commonly considered as noise, produces the position data of position probing with the contact point of nesa coating 47.Therefore, will position probing not get greatly with the nesa coating 47 and the interval of transparent opposite electrode 45.Also needn't between display screen 49 and position probing are with nesa coating 47, screen layer be set.Thereby, but the display device of the little band touch sensor of slimming and parallax can be provided.
In order to detect contact position, not the voltage that position probing is applied with nesa coating 47 with specially, but utilize the induced voltage that periodically variable oscillating voltage produced that transparent opposite electrode 45 is applied.Therefore, do not need complicated circuit, can not increase power consumption.As this oscillating voltage, can be utilized as and drive display medium layer and voltage that display screen just had originally.And position probing needn't apply alternating voltage separately with nesa coating 47.
Below, the concrete example of display device 53 of band touch sensor is described with reference to Figure 17.In the following description, the example when display screen 49 usefulness liquid crystal boards are shown.
When display screen 49 is used liquid crystal board, for example, as shown in figure 17, display screen 49 is configured to across display medium layer 44 and transparent opposite electrode 45 opposed active matrix substrates 48 and the 1st polaroid 41 except that having insulation course 46, transparent opposite electrode 45 and contain the display medium layer 44 of liquid crystal material, also comprising.Active matrix substrate 48 forms TFT battle array 43 at the interarea of the substrate 42 that transparent materials such as glass form, and rectangular arrangement pixel electrode (not shown).
Insulation course 46 for example is the opposed substrate of glass substrate or plastic etc., and as required, also can have color filter and the 2nd polaroid.Above-mentioned color filter and the 2nd polaroid are configurable in the observer side of position probing with nesa coating 47.As long as the preferred thickness of insulation course 46 can make position probing produce the degree of enough big induced voltage with nesa coating 47.
The preferred thickness of concrete insulation course 46 depends on the specific inductive capacity of the material that insulation course comprises.To illustrate that hereinafter in order to produce enough big induced voltage at position probing usefulness nesa coating 47, the value of the electric capacity that position probing usefulness conducting film 47 and transparent opposite electrode 45 and the insulation course between them form is preferably more than the 200pF.Therefore, when for example the insulation course of 3.7 type liquid crystal boards adopted glass substrate, the thickness of glass substrate was preferably set down the scope that 0mm is above, 1.1mm is following.Under the present situation, adopt the above glass substrate of 0.4mm.The size of liquid crystal board is during greater than 3.7 types, even the thickness voltage 1.1mm of glass substrate, the value that also can make electric capacity is more than the 200pF.
Can form protective seam on the surface of the most close observer side of display device 53.
Liquid crystal board is generally accepted AC driving, and its reason is when applying DC voltage on the liquid crystal layer, and the life-span of liquid crystal layer is short etc.Therefore, as common electric voltage, transparent opposite electrode 45 is applied the voltage of positive and negative electrode property in sexual cycle upset.
Figure 18 (a) illustrates the common electric voltage figure over time that applies on the transparent opposite electrode 45 of a routine display screen 49.The longitudinal axis is represented the current potential of transparent opposite electrode 45, the transverse axis express time.Example when row upset driving is shown here, but the invention is not restricted to this.
Shown in Figure 18 (a), each horizontal scanning period of common electric voltage positive and negative polarity of overturning, and also the absolute value of voltage of positive polarity equals the absolute value of voltage of negative polarity.In the display device 53 of band touch sensor, this common electric voltage is to make position probing produce the oscillating voltage that induced voltage is used with nesa coating 47.
The induced voltage that position probing usefulness conducting film 47 produced when Figure 18 (b) illustrated the common electric voltage that applies on the transparent opposite electrode 45 shown in Figure 18 (a) over time.The longitudinal axis is represented the current potential of position probing with nesa coating 47, transverse axis express time.The change in voltage of the transparent opposite electrode 45 shown in this induced voltage and Figure 18 (a) is synchronous, is the pulsating wave that each horizontal scanning period has maximal value or minimum value.Above-mentioned maximal value or minimum value appear in the cycle with for example about 40kHz.Induced voltage shown in Figure 18 (b) is fully greater than the induced voltage that produces because of the shows signal of supplying with active matrix substrate 48.
Produce induced voltage shown in Figure 18 (a) by position probing with nesa coating 47, roughly be formed uniformly the little electric field of gradient in nesa coating 47 in position probing.
The electrode that position probing for example becomes position probing to use at quadrangle with conducting film 47.The display device 53 of band touch sensor is at it when the surface of close observer side is provided with protective seam, by contacting this diaphragm with pen and finger etc., forms contact point in position probing on nesa coating 47.Position probing is with forming contact point on the nesa coating 47, and then position probing is with nesa coating 47 and ground (ground plane) capacitive coupling.This electric capacity for example is meant that protective seam and position probing are with the total capacitance of the electric capacity that exists between the electric capacity between the nesa coating 47 and people and the ground.
Capacity coupled contact portion and position probing are proportional to contact portion in each distance between electrodes with the resistance value between four jiaos the electrode of nesa coating 47.Therefore, by the electrode of position probing with 47 4 jiaos of nesa coatings, the electric current that circulation contact portion and each distance between electrodes are directly proportional.Detect the size of these electric currents, just can obtain the position coordinates of contact portion.
For example in the display device of the display device of the band touch sensor of example 2 or existing general band touch sensor, by position probing being used the alternating voltage of nesa coating time rule with oscillator (for example oscillatory circuit 65 of Figure 14), position probing with nesa coating in the opposed little electric field of gradient that is formed uniformly, to carry out the detection of contact position.In contrast, the display device 53 of this example 3 band touch sensors is as indicated above, utilize the oscillating voltage that applies on the transparent opposite electrode 45 at the induced voltage of position probing, make position probing with roughly being formed uniformly the little electric field of gradient in the nesa coating 47 with nesa coating 47 generations.And then, change according to the electric current that variation produced of position probing with the electric field that produces on the nesa coating 47, produce the position data of contact point.
That is, the display device 53 of band touch sensor is used and be can not get the effectively induced voltage of utilization usually, produces the position data of contact point.Therefore, do not need generally position probing to be applied the required oscillatory circuit of alternating voltage with nesa coating 47, compare with the display device of general band touch sensor, but power saving.It has been generally acknowledged that above-mentioned induced voltage is a noise, thereby in order to suppress the generation of this induced voltage, between transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing are with nesa coating 47, screen layer is set, and/or transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing are got greatly with the distance between the nesa coating 47, but the band touch sensor display device 53 needn't do like this.
In the display device of band touch sensor, transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing with between the nesa coating 47 with glass substrate and air layer as insulation course (dielectric layer), the formation simulated capacitance.As indicated above, in this example,, be that for enough big induced voltage, the value of above-mentioned electric capacity is 200pF preferably under the situation of 3.7 types (catercorner length of display surface is 3.7 inches) at for example display screen because induced voltage is used for position probing.
For example, if liquid crystal board 10 is 3.7 types, configuration thickness is the glass substrate of 0.7mm between transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing are with nesa coating 47, and between glass substrate and position probing are with nesa coating 47, be provided with under the situation in gap of air layer of thickness 0.1mm, transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing are 0.8mm with the distance between the nesa coating 47, and the value of above-mentioned electric capacity is 192pF.
Making transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing is 0.8mm with the distance between the nesa coating 47, and when transparent opposite electrode 45 was applied voltage shown in Figure 18 (a) that amplitude for example is 4.9V, actual measurement detected with nesa coating 47 to the position and produces the induced voltage shown in Figure 18 (b) that amplitudes are 0.65V.The size of this induced voltage is enough to carry out the position probing of this example.
In contrast, generally in the display device with touch sensor,, transparent opposite electrode and position probing are got greatly with the distance between the nesa coating, the value of above-mentioned electric capacity is reduced for a kind of generation of above-mentioned induced voltage.
For example, if liquid crystal board is 3.7 types, configuration thickness is the glass substrate of 0.7mm between transparent opposite electrode and position probing are with nesa coating, and between glass substrate and position probing are with nesa coating, be provided with under the situation in gap of air layer of thickness 0.5mm, transparent opposite electrode and position probing are 1.2mm with the distance between the nesa coating, and the value of above-mentioned electric capacity is 62.5pF.Need length and this transparent opposite electrode and position probing with the identical distance of distance between the nesa coating between the resistive film of the display device of existing resistive film mode band touch sensor and the transparent opposite electrode.
As mentioned above, in the display device 53 of band touch sensor, transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing can be made below the 1mm with the distance between the nesa coating 47, thereby can press close to transparent opposite electrode 45 and position probing nesa coating 47 than the display device of general band touch sensor, can reduce parallax.
In the display device 30 (Figure 16) of the band touch sensor of example 2, as indicated above, for being detected with the coordinate of nesa coating 32,34, position probing applies voltage, use AC driving oscillatory circuit 65 (Figure 14) with conductive part 35,36.In addition, for example between the electrode (for example opposite electrode) that position probing has with nesa coating 32,34 and transparent opposed substrate 24, the screen layer (not shown) is set, and/or the interval of the opposite electrode that will have with nesa coating 32,34 and transparent opposed substrate 24 in position probing is got greatly.When this display device 30 was used for example 3, the induced voltage that periodically variable oscillating voltage produced that applies on can the opposite electrode with transparent opposed substrate 24 in the display screen 20 was used for position probing.
Below, specifically describe situation with reference to Figure 16 to display device 30 application implementation forms 3.In the following description, the example when the oscillating voltage that applies on the opposite electrode being shown making the 2nd position probing produce induced voltages with nesa coating 34.
When using display device 30 in the example 3, display screen 20 has the transparent opposed substrate 24 that display medium layer 26 and display medium layer 26 are configured in observer side at least.Transparent opposed substrate 24 has the electrode of driving display medium layer 26 usefulness and the insulation course (for example glass substrate) that this electrode is configured in observer side.The 2nd position probing and nesa coating 34 are configured to insulation course not intermediary and above-mentioned electrode contraposition.By above-mentioned electrode is applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, make the 2nd position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating 34, form electric field in the 2nd position probing with nesa coating 34.According to changing with the electric current that formation contact point on the nesa coating 34 produces with nesa coating 32 and the 2nd position probing, produce the position data of contact point by the 1st position probing.
According to above-mentioned display device, owing to effectively utilize the induced voltage that is considered to noise, needn't between electrode and position probing are with transparency electrode 34, screen layer be set, or electrode and the 2nd position probing are got greatly with the interval of nesa coating 34.In order to detect contact position, not the voltage that position probing is applied with nesa coating 34 with specially, but utilize the induced voltage that periodically variable oscillating voltage produced that electrode is applied, can omit position probing is applied the AC driving oscillatory circuit that oscillating voltage is used with nesa coating 34.Therefore, when display device 30 is used for example 3, parallax is reduced, and can make the display device miniaturization, also can reduce power consumption.
In the above-mentioned explanation, the example when producing induced voltage with the common electric voltage that applies on the transparent opposite electrode 45 is shown, but is not limited thereto at the voltage that transparent opposite electrode 45 applies for producing induced voltage.
For example, also can separate, transparent opposite electrode 45 is applied to position probing produce the oscillating voltage that induced voltage is used with nesa coating 47 with common electric voltage.Figure 18 (c) illustrates this concrete example.Wherein, the longitudinal axis is represented the current potential of transparent opposite electrode 45, the transverse axis express time.The one-period of the current potential of the transparent opposite electrode 45 shown in Figure 18 (c) comprises period T 1 and period T 2.
Under the situation of Figure 18 (c), switch transparent opposite electrode 45 is corresponded respectively to position detection mode and display mode as cycle (display mode) of the public electrode that shows usefulness with as cycle (position detection mode) period T 1 and the period T 2 of the electrode that position probing is used with nesa coating 47 generation induced voltages.
Position probing is connected the testing circuit that hereinafter illustrates with the on-off circuit of composition such as transistor and diode respectively with the electrode of 47 4 jiaos of nesa coatings.For example pass through with mutual switching cycle T1 of this on-off circuit and period T 2.That is, this on-off circuit makes provides the display circuit of the voltage that drives display medium layer 44 usefulness or electric current and a certain side and the transparent opposite electrode 45 that reduce in the testing circuit that position probing uses conduct to transparent opposite electrode 45.
During the period T 1, the electrode that position probing usefulness nesa coating is 47 4 jiaos is connection detection circuit respectively, and during the period T 2, the electrode that position probing usefulness nesa coating is 47 4 jiaos is connection detection circuit not.
At first, in the position detection mode of period T 1, transparent 45 times of opposite electrode are had the oscillating voltage of regulation amplitude, make position probing produce induced voltage with regulation amplitude with nesa coating 47.During this period T 1, position probing connects the hereinafter testing circuit of explanation respectively with the electrode of 47 4 jiaos of nesa coatings, thereby is produced the position data of contact point by this testing circuit.
On the other hand, in the display mode of period T 2, apply the common electric voltage of prescribed level, and when common electric voltage produces vibration as previously discussed like that, position probing is with producing induced voltage on the nesa coating 47, but position probing is with the electrode of 47 4 jiaos of nesa coatings connection detection circuit not during the period T 2, thereby induced voltage does not influence the accuracy of detection of contact position.Moreover shown in Figure 18 (c), when transparent opposite electrode 45 applied constant voltage, position probing did not produce induced voltage with nesa coating 47 during the period T 2, thereby can omit said switching circuit.
Identical with Fig. 2,4 explanations in the ultimate principle of the static capacity coupling scheme method for detecting position that adopts in this example 3 and the example 1, thereby quantity detailed description.Moreover, for example among Fig. 4, apply homophase, idiostatic alternating voltage from position probing with the electrode of four jiaos of nesa coatings, but example 3 is not to utilize oscillatory circuit that position probing is applied above-mentioned alternating voltage with conducting film, but produces induced voltage with the oscillating voltage that applies on the transparent opposite electrode 45.
As it is illustrated to implement form 1, can obtain the contact position of position probing with conducting film 47 with the measured value of current i 1, i2, i3 and the i4 (Fig. 4) of 47 4 jiaos of conducting films from flowing through position probing.
In the above explanation, it is liquid crystal board that display screen 49 is shown, the example when especially this liquid crystal board is the active array type liquid crystal board, but the display screen 49 that this example uses is not limited thereto.As long as the transparent opposite electrode that display screen has applies periodically variable oscillating voltage, any display screen is all available.Here, the oscillating voltage that applies on the transparent opposite electrode preferably is used to drive the voltage of display medium layer.In order to make position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating, need oscillating voltage, this oscillating voltage except that common electric voltage, needn't apply separately transparent opposite electrode and produce the voltage that induced voltage is used so long as be used to drive the common electric voltage of display medium layer.Therefore, compare, can suppress the circuit construction of electric power complexity, can suppress power consumption again and increase with common display device.
Make position probing be not limited to above-mentioned transparent opposite electrode 45 with the electrode that nesa coating 47 produces induced voltage.But, position probing is applied a plurality of electrode contrapositions of mutually different oscillating voltages with nesa coating 47, then the electric field between these electrodes and the position probing usefulness nesa coating 47 is inhomogeneous, and position detection accuracy can descend sometimes.Therefore, in order to produce the electric field that has between with nesa coating 47 producing electrode that induced voltage uses and position probing, it is good to being changed to mutually to be arranged to the electrode that this position probing uses with nesa coating 47 and generation induced voltage in the position probing that detects contact position with the whole zone of nesa coating 47 at least.
The following describes the testing circuit that has of display device 53 of band touch sensor.The electric current that the testing circuit detection position is detected with a plurality of positions circulation in the nesa coating 47 changes, and changes according to detected electric current, produces the position data of position probing with the contact point of nesa coating 47.
Figure 19 is the block diagram that a routine testing circuit 50 is shown.The testing circuit 50 that Figure 19 illustrates as an example has 4 electric current change detecting circuits 61, and these circuit 61 link position respectively detect the electrode of using 47 4 jiaos of nesa coatings.Position probing is not limited thereto with the number of electrodes and the configuration thereof that are provided with on the nesa coating 47.
Electric current change detecting circuit 61 measuring positions are detected with the electrode of 47 4 jiaos of nesa coatings separately and the electric current that circulates between the ground.Position probing is with applying above-mentioned induced voltage on the nesa coating 47, thereby the electric current that is flow through each electrode by the contact of finger etc. has AC compounent.
The output of electric current change detecting circuit 61 is amplified and the conducting Filtering Processing by analog signal processing circuit 62.The output of analog signal processing circuit 62 is then by the overanxious circuit 63A of detection detection in addition.
Detection filtering circuit 63A carries out filtering for the various noises that the filtering received signal comprises.It is generally acknowledged that by applying voltage on the transparent opposite electrode also be noise in position probing with the induced voltage (for example Figure 18 (b)) that nesa coating produces.Therefore, also comprise the signal corresponding in the noise of detection filtering circuit filtering with above-mentioned induced voltage.
In contrast, the testing circuit of this example is owing to actively utilize above-mentioned induced voltage, and to detect contacting points position, detection filtering circuit 63A does not remove the signal of above-mentioned induced voltage correspondence.Therefore, the detection filtering circuit 63A of this example does not comprise the circuit that the signal of the above-mentioned induced voltage correspondence of filtering is used.
Illustrating of detection filtering circuit 63A is input to eliminated noise DC circuit 64.This circuit 64 makes the output of detection filtering circuit 64A become direct current, and produces the signal with the value that is directly proportional with the circuit that flows through each electrode.Eliminated noise DC circuit 64 also is transformed into magnitude of voltage with detected current value, and after being amplified, delivers to A/D transducer 67 by mimic channel switching selector 66.
For example the signal of receiving from the detection filtering circuit in the eliminated noise DC circuit of example 2 (magnitude of voltage) has been removed the signal of induced voltage correspondence.Therefore, the signal of receiving from the detection filtering circuit induced voltage shown in Figure 18 (b) that do not superpose has time continually varying waveform.So the eliminated noise DC circuit of example 2 is input to the A/D transducer continuously by the magnitude of voltage that the analog multichannel switch selector switch will have above-mentioned continuous variation waveform.
In contrast, in this example, the signal of receiving from detection filtering circuit 63A (magnitude of voltage) for example induced voltage shown in Figure 18 (b) that superposes has the discontinuous waveform shown in Figure 21 (a).Therefore, when for example by the analog multichannel switch selector switch the detected signal of eliminated noise DC circuit being input to the A/D transducer continuously equally, because when not importing contact position, signal also changes, and can not correctly detect contact position with example 2.Figure 21 (a) illustrates signal (magnitude of voltage) that a routine eliminated noise DC circuit 64 receives from detection filtering circuit 63A over time.The longitudinal axis is represented current potential, the transverse axis express time.
Therefore, the testing circuit 50 of this example is provided with capacitor as shown in figure 20 in the amplifying circuit that noise DC circuit 64 comprises.Be to have with cycle 40kHz under the situation of pulsating wave of maximal value or minimum value for example, the capacitor that static capacity is hundreds of nF preferably is set at induced voltage.By capacitor is set, after the current value that the current value that detects when not having induced voltage shown in Figure 21 (b) detects when having induced voltage is averaged, DC voltage is provided for A/D transducer 67.The dc voltage value that the dc voltage value that obtains when not forming contact point according to position probing with nesa coating 47 obtains when forming contact point poor obtained the position of contact point.
The analog multichannel switch selector switch 66 that receives above-mentioned signal from eliminated noise DC circuit 64 sends to A/D transducer 67 with the output of 4 electrodes.A/D transducer 67 produces digitized position signalling (position data), and sends to treating apparatus 68.Here after said position data is meant that i1, i2, i3 and the i4 with above-mentioned formula 9 and formula 10 is transformed into dc voltage value, further with the data of these value digitizing gained.These values for the treatment of apparatus 68 are asked coordinate X, Y according to formula 9 and formula 10, judge the order of the operator's input that forms contact point, to carry out predetermined data processing etc.Treating apparatus 68 is contained in has for example portable type information terminal (PDA), ATM, ticket machine or the various computer-internal of the display device of Figure 17, carries out data processing.
The position data that testing circuit 50 produces is not limited to above-mentioned example.Testing circuit 50 also can for example be asked the XY coordinate with above-mentioned digitized dc voltage value, and it is exported as position data.
As mentioned above, utilize that example 3 can provide slim, parallax is little and do not need the display device and the position data detection method of the band touch sensor of complicated circuit construction.
Industrial practicality
According to the present invention, can provide in light weight, be fit to miniaturization and can not cause the touch of display characteristic variation Sensor, with display unit and the position data detection method of touch sensor. And can provide and have structure Than the touch sensor of simple circuit in the past with the display unit of touch sensor.

Claims (21)

1, a kind of touch sensor utilizes the static capacity coupling scheme to detect outside input point in the operating surface of directions X and Y direction expansion, it is characterized in that, comprises
Be configured to parallel with described operating surface and be electrically connected to detect Y coordinate that the coordinate of the described Y direction of described input point uses detect with the 1st position probing of conductive part with nesa coating,
Be configured to the X coordinate of coordinate opposed with described the 1st position probing and that be electrically connected to detect the described directions X of described input point with nesa coating detect the 2nd position with conductive part contact the usefulness nesa coating,
Be arranged on described the 1st position probing with the dielectric layer between nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing usefulness nesa coating and
Described the 1st position probing is applied the on-off circuit of assigned voltage with a selected side in the nesa coating with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing.
2, the touch sensor described in claim 1 is characterized in that,
By mutual described the 1st position probing of switching of described on-off circuit conducting and described the 2nd position probing conducting with nesa coating with nesa coating.
3, the touch sensor described in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that,
Also comprise testing circuit, detect the coordinate of asking the described Y direction of described input point with the size of the electric current that circulates between the conductive part according to described input point and described Y coordinate, detect the coordinate of asking the described directions X of described input point with the size of the electric current that circulates between the conductive part according to described input point and described X coordinate.
4, as each described touch sensor in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Described Y coordinate detects and is arranged on described the 1st position probing with on the nesa coating with conductive part, and have at least 2 conductive parts that separate in described Y direction, described X coordinate detects and is arranged on described the 2nd position probing with on the nesa coating with conductive part, and has at least 2 conductive parts that separate at described directions X.
5, as each described touch sensor in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that,
Described dielectric layer is made up of dimethyl ester.
6, as each described touch sensor in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that,
Described dielectric layer is made up of glass.
7, as each described touch sensor in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,
With the described dielectric layer side of nesa coating or phase negative side's interarea glass is set with nesa coating or described the 2nd position probing in described the 1st position probing, supplies with described input point by described glass.
8, a kind of display device with touch sensor is characterized in that,
Have each described touch sensor in the claim 1 to 7 and display surface the display screen of described touch sensor is set.
9, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Described display screen has display medium layer, be configured in the observer side of described display medium layer and drive the electrode that described display medium layer uses and the insulation course of the observer side that is configured in described electrode,
It is intermediary and described electrode contraposition that described the 1st position probing is configured to described insulation course with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing with the either party in the nesa coating,
Make described either party's position probing produce induced voltage by described electrode being applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, form electric field on nesa coating in described either party's position probing with nesa coating,
Form described electric current variation that contact point produce with nesa coating and described the 2nd position probing with nesa coating according to described the 1st position probing, produce the position data of described contact point.
10, a kind of display device with touch sensor is characterized in that,
Have claim 1 to 7 to the described touch sensor of each claim, and comprise
Be configured to the display medium layer be intermediary and described the 1st position probing with nesa coating and the 2nd position probing with the opposed active matrix substrate of either party in the nesa coating,
The cycle that described either party's position probing is not applied described assigned voltage with nesa coating provide the voltage that shows usefulness or electric current display circuit, detect described either party position probing with the testing circuit of the electric current of a plurality of positions circulation in the nesa coating and
Another on-off circuit that the either party of described display circuit or described testing circuit and described either party's position probing is conducted with nesa coating.
11, a kind of display device with touch sensor is characterized in that, comprises
Have display medium layer and be configured in the observer side of described display medium layer and be used to drive described display medium layer electrode and be configured in described electrode observer side insulation course display screen,
Be configured to described insulation course be intermediary and described electrode contraposition position probing with nesa coating and
Detect the testing circuit of described position probing with the electric current variation of a plurality of positions circulation in the nesa coating,
By described electrode is applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, make described position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating, form electric field in described position probing with nesa coating,
Form the described electric current variation that contact point produces according to described position probing with nesa coating, produce the position data of described contact point.
12, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 11 is characterized in that,
Described induced voltage is the pulsating wave that periodically has maximal value and/or minimum value.
13, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 11 or 12 is characterized in that,
Described oscillating voltage is to drive the voltage that described display medium layer is used.
14, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 11 or 12 is characterized in that, also comprises
To described electrode supply with the display circuit that drives voltage that described display medium layer uses or electric current and
Make either party and the logical on-off circuit of described electrode conductance in described display circuit and the described testing circuit.
15, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 13 or 14 is characterized in that,
Described display screen is a liquid crystal board, and described oscillating voltage is the anti-phase voltage of polar cycle.
16, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 15 is characterized in that,
Described liquid crystal board is the active array type liquid crystal board, and described electrode is transparent opposite electrode.
17, as the display device of each described band touch sensor in the claim 11 to 16, it is characterized in that,
Described electrode and described position probing are below about 1mm with the distance between the nesa coating.
18, the display device of the band touch sensor described in claim 12 to 17 is characterized in that,
The about 40kHz of described pulse wave frequency.
19, a kind of method for generating position data, producing with respect to being configured to the insulation course is the position data of the position probing of intermediary and electrode contraposition with the contact point of nesa coating, it is characterized in that, comprises 2 following steps:
By described electrode is applied periodically variable oscillating voltage, make described position probing produce induced voltage with nesa coating, in the step of described position probing with nesa coating formation electric field,
Form the described electric current variation that contact point produces according to described position probing with nesa coating, produce the step of the position data of described contact point.
20, the method for generating position data described in claim 19 is characterized in that,
As described electrode, the electrode that the display medium layer that uses the driving display screen to have is used.
21, the method for generating position data described in claim 19 or 20 is characterized in that,
Described oscillating voltage is to drive the voltage that display medium layer that display screen has is used.
CNB2006100044895A 2001-08-22 2002-07-18 Touch sensor, display with touch sensor, and method for generating position data Expired - Fee Related CN100429609C (en)

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