CN1816142A - Video-frequency data transmission system and method based on E1 interface - Google Patents
Video-frequency data transmission system and method based on E1 interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN1816142A CN1816142A CN 200510084004 CN200510084004A CN1816142A CN 1816142 A CN1816142 A CN 1816142A CN 200510084004 CN200510084004 CN 200510084004 CN 200510084004 A CN200510084004 A CN 200510084004A CN 1816142 A CN1816142 A CN 1816142A
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Abstract
The system includes following part at least: data signal acquisition unit, E1 transmission signal line, data signal monitoring unit, E1/IP converter, controller, multifunctional data multiplexer, and data cross connection device. The multifunctional data multiplexer is in use for multiple connecting data in multiplex port to E1 interface. The E1/IP converter is in use for conversion between IP data and data in parallel port. The main controller realizes control for entire sites, and bidirectional communication of background equipment. Data cross connection device is in use for complete transparent unlimited blocking cross connection in inter time slot of multiple E1 circuits. The invention also discloses method for transferring video data based on E1 interface. Using communication technique of multiplexing time slot and cross connection solves issue of degressive image quality caused by increscent time delay of network transmission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data transmission technology, specifically, particularly relate to a kind of video-frequency data transmission system and method based on the E1 interface.
Background technology
At present, in transmission technology, particularly in the application of the railway system, with the audio, video data of an E1 circuit transmission compression, described E1 line is the circuit that connects E1 interface (claiming the 2M mouth again) usually.Described E1 line is connected with router or bridge, the wide area network transmission that is about to E1 converts pure IP network to, the transmission of described audio, video data realizes that by router or bridge audio/video coder and decoder just can both be in the IP network like this, makes things convenient for the transmission of data.But, the networking technology of described pure IP network is that the audio, video data that terminal is mixed is sent simultaneously by router or bridge, and in transmission course, because router or bridge are subjected to the restriction of forwarding rate, under the not high situation of forwarding rate, router will bring bigger propagation delay time, thereby influences the propagation delay time of data, image.Its concrete condition please refer to Fig. 1.
Described Fig. 1 be in the prior art based on the loop network topological structure schematic diagram of E1 interface, wherein, described ring network topological structure comprises: nucleus equipment; The router of two V35 interfaces links to each other with nucleus equipment, is used to finish the route work of V35 interface to network switch; Interface convertor links to each other with the router of two V35 interfaces, is used to finish the conversion of E1 interface and V35 interface.As we know from the figure, in each node in ring network, the router of two interface convertors and a V35 interface is arranged, that is to say, if the view data of a node is passed to the center, must be through the forwarding of multistage interface convertor and router.And data can only be to the forwarding step by step of another node from a node.If certain node in the ring network disconnects at this moment, looped network has self-healing function, just need pass through all routers in the data of that node that disconnects, and view data could be sent to the center.In view data was carried out step by step repeating process, revolution was sent out one-level, and the time-delay of image will become greatly, and when this view data was forwarded to the center, it is very big that the delay of image will become, and promptly maximum delay will be more than 5 seconds.In addition, forwarding of data also depends on the forwarding speed of router between described each node, and the forwarding speed of router is uncontrollable, influenced by CPU speed, network congestion degree, broadcast storm and the virus etc. of router, in case it is congested that network occurs, propagation delay time increases, and picture quality seriously descends, this obviously influences people's vision, thereby reaches the degree that can't allow the people stand.
By such scheme as can be known, the shortcoming of pure IP networking technology is exactly in the prior art: 1) because the transmission delay of image and sound depends on the forward efficiency of router in the transmission network or bridge, if the forward efficiency of bridge or router is not high, then will increase propagation delay time, thereby influence the image data transmission quality; 2) if expect reasonable picture quality, must buy forwarding speed router or bridge faster, this will increase the equipment cost expense; 3) pure IP networking technology significant discomfort is closed the ring network by the transmission of E1 line, in the process of image and voice data forwarding, revolution is sent out one-level, and it is big that the time-delay of image and sound will become, along with the change gradually of propagation delay time is big, will have a strong impact on people's visual experience degree.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides a kind of video-frequency data transmission system and method based on the E1 interface, the present invention adopts the timeslot multiplex and the cross-coupled communication technology, to solve the problem that causes the decline of image transmitted quality owing to the increase of network transfer delay.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of video-frequency data transmission system based on the E1 interface, at least comprise: data-signal collecting unit, E1 transmission signal line, data-signal monitoring unit, E1/IP transducer, master controller, multi-functional data multiplexer and data cross connection device, wherein
Described multi-functional data multiplexer is connected with the E1 transmission signal line, is used for data multiplexing with the multichannel interface to the E1 interface;
Described E1/IP transducer links to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer, is used to finish the conversion of IP data and parallel port data;
Described master controller links to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer, is used to realize the control to whole website, and the two-way communication of background devices;
Described data cross connection device links to each other respectively at E1 transmission signal line, data-signal monitoring unit, is used to realize the bright interconnection of full impregnated of the unlimited obstruction of the mutual time slot of a plurality of E1 circuit.
Described multi-functional data multiplexer comprises at least:
System control unit is by the on off state and the Time Slot Occupancy of each data-interface of main controller controls;
The sequential processing circuit links to each other with system control unit, obtains shared gap information of each data-interface and corresponding clock by clock and the frame synchronizing signal computing imported, controlled by system control unit;
Data receiver circuit under the control of sequential processing circuit, will be buffered in the buffer after the content strings of corresponding time slot in the PCM data and the conversion, and sent by each data port under the effect of data tranmitting data register;
Data transmit circuit under the effect of data reception clock, receives data port data and buffer memory, through also sending under the control of sequential processing circuit on the corresponding time slot of PCM data after the string conversion;
The RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface links to each other with master controller, is used for user data is passed through this interface, converts the pulse code data to, is multiplexed into the E1 circuit and gets on, or pulse code data demultiplexing in the time slot is come out, and is converted to user data, gives master controller;
Two E1 interface circuits link to each other with the E1 transmission line, and it is straight-through and to E1 Signal Processing function to have a power down;
The image synchronization parallel port links to each other with the E1/IP transducer, is used for realizing carrying out two-way communication with the E1/IP transducer, and finishes the forwarding of audio, video data.
Described multi-functional data multiplexer also comprises: 2 V35 synchronous serial interfaces are used for the expansion interface of system.
The data processing of described RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface comprises:
The sequential processing unit obtains shared gap information of each data-interface and corresponding clock by clock and the frame synchronizing signal computing imported;
The Data Receiving unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit, under the control of timer clock, and after the synchronous high-speed data process conversion process that is used for the user is sent here, the time slot of writing system appointment;
Data transmission unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit with data transmission unit respectively, is used for the data-signal in the received pulse coded modulation assigned timeslot, and sends from data-interface by the speed of user's appointment.
Described image synchronization parallel port is made up of a plurality of data wires and the control line of field programmable gate array.
The data processing of described field programmable gate array comprises: sequential processing unit, Data Receiving unit and data transmission unit, wherein,
Described sequential processing unit is clock and a frame synchronizing signal of utilizing the E1 interface to provide, by regularly calculating the sequential position of the time slot that data transmit, and corresponding Time Slot Occupancy number is set, the reception of control data and transmission;
Described data transmission unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit, under the control of sequential processing, the data of related time-slot are gone here and there and changes, and with the data converted storage, regularly read by the core processor in the E1/IP transducer by the parallel port;
Described Data Receiving unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit, and under the control of sequential processing, the data that write in the core processor of E1/IP transducer are carried out and gone here and there conversion, serial data is sent to corresponding time slot get on.
Described E1/IP transducer comprises: network interface and image synchronization parallel port.
Described data cross connection device comprises:
Power circuit is used to system that power supply is provided;
The E1 interface circuit links to each other with power circuit, is used to provide interface communication;
The interconnection treatment circuit links to each other with the E1 interface circuit, comprises field programmable gate array, is used to finish clog-free interconnection between the time slot of 16 road E1 code streams, and finishes the coding of high density bipolar 3 type sign indicating numbers;
Control circuit comprises CPU, is used to finish the control to whole system.
Described data-signal collecting unit comprises: audio/video server, pick-up and camera lens;
Described data-signal monitoring unit comprises:
The image network transducer becomes the data of network interface with the data transaction of E1 interface, and it is transferred to terminal;
The speech network transducer converts the speech data of E1 interface the data of network interface to, and it is transferred to terminal;
The RS232/IP transducer, the data of certain time slot of E1 line and the conversion of network data are used to finish the two-way communication of foreground node and background server, and it is transferred to terminal server.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method of transmitting video data based on the E1 interface, and described method comprises step:
A, background server finish the setting of backstage relevant device according to user profile, and with the master controller that signaling sends to the foreground that is provided with of its relevant device;
B, master controller are provided with image encoding parameter, transmission code rate and view data and the required multiplexing number of time slots of speech data of foreground relevant device according to the instruction that receives;
C, when the image encoding of audio/video server is initiated, by the E1/IP conversion operations, it is multiplexed in the corresponding time slot of multi-functional data multiplexer, and delivers to automatically on the back-end data Cross Connect equipment by the E1 transmission signal line;
D, described data cross connection device are with the image and the speech data that receive, and the Timeslot cross function by itself separates the audio, video data on this E1 circuit, and it is carried out respectively sending to terminal after logic is synthesized.
User profile in the described steps A comprises: the form and the code check that need the image transmitted coding.
The setting of described backstage relevant device comprises: the time slot setting of data cross connection device, the order setting of image network transducer and speech network transducer.
The implementation procedure of described step B is:
B1) after master controller receives orders, audio/video server is operated, allowed it encode, the code check of coding is set simultaneously;
B2) main controller controls E1/IP transducer allows it receive the UDP message bag of certain port, initiates the data transformation operations of network interface to the E1 interface simultaneously;
B3) main controller controls multifunctional multiplexing device is provided with the multiplexing number of time slots of image information and voice messaging.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is by the timeslot multiplex technology, flexibly the audio, video data that compresses is inserted dynamically the some time slot groups the inside on the E1 line, interconnection technology by tandem, again with voice data, video data is separated from corresponding time slot group, make up again, and the decoding unit that sends to is separately handled accordingly.This shows that technical solutions according to the invention are avoided fully because the problem of network causes the problem of image transmitted quality decline, such as, network broadcasting windstorm and multicast storm, the interference of virus and some incoherent network programs.And the present invention adopts the E1 interface circuit to transmit, the most basic communication unit-the time slot of described E1 circuit transmission, Forwarding Latency between each node is fixed, even therefore through multistage forwarding, also can reach very desirable delay effect, thereby improve the transmission quality of image, natural image also reaches more satisfactory effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of prior art based on the loop network topological structure of E1 interface;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the video-frequency data transmission system of E1 interface;
Fig. 3 is the theory structure schematic diagram of multi-functional data multiplexer of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the data of the data processing section of the asynchronous serial port of RS232 described in the present invention send;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of Data Receiving of the data processing section of the asynchronous serial port of RS232 described in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of sequential processing of the data processing section of the asynchronous serial port of RS232 described in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of sequential processing of the data multiplex processing section of the parallel port of image synchronization described in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that the data of the data multiplex processing section of the parallel port of image synchronization described in the present invention send;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of Data Receiving of the data multiplex processing section of the parallel port of image synchronization described in the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the time slot cross processing of the connection device of data cross described in the present invention;
Figure 11 is the principle assumption diagram of the connection device of data cross described in the present invention;
Figure 12 is the flow chart of the method for transmitting video data based on the E1 interface of the present invention.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is the demand according to user or system, by the timeslot multiplex technology, flexibly the audio, video data that compresses is inserted dynamically the some time slot groups the inside on the E1 line, interconnection technology by tandem, again with voice data, video data is separated from corresponding time slot group, make up again, and the decoding unit that sends to is separately handled accordingly.That is to say, what the present invention controlled transmits the most basic communication unit to liking the E1 circuit, it is time slot, forwarding time delay between each node is fixed, when a node is forwarded to another node, only need in the E1 interface, increase the fixedly buffer memory (i.e. 125 microseconds) of an E1 frame, even pass through multistage forwarding, its propagation delay time is constant, thereby can guarantee the transmission quality of audio, video data.This shows, the invention solves in the prior art when coming the transmission tone video data by router or bridge, because the uncontrollable factor of network (such as network congestion etc.) cause the instability of forwarding rate, and increase the problem of propagation delay time, thus influence the transmission quality of audio, video data.
Timeslot multiplex technology of the present invention is connected the communication technology with data cross, not only be applied to remote image monitoring, multimedia integration supervisory control system, hard disc recording function, video conference, office network transmission, also be applied to railcar affair telesecurity supervisory control system, the transmission channel that this supervisory control system is used be transparent separately E1 circuit or and railway count adjusting system, the E1 circuit that the TMS dispatching patcher is multiplexing.Described E1 circuit forms the communication link of a serial with the mode of object (being the station) by being connected in series of being monitored, and the E1 line with end is being connected on the data cross multiplexing equipment of Surveillance center simultaneously, forms a 2M ring network that self-healing function is arranged.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Please refer to Fig. 2, be the structural representation of the video-frequency data transmission system that the present invention is based on the E1 interface.Described system comprises at least: data-signal collecting unit, E1 transmission signal line, data-signal monitoring unit; E1/IP transducer, master controller, multi-functional data multiplexer and data cross connection device, wherein,
Described E1/IP transducer, link to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer, the IP data that are used for receiving network send in the corresponding time slot of multi-functional data multiplexer after by string and conversion, perhaps with the corresponding time slot of multi-functional data multiplexer by and the string conversion start in network.That is to say that the function of described E1/IP transducer is to finish the conversion of IP data and parallel port data.It has two kinds of interfaces, and a kind of interface is a network, i.e. RJ45 interface, 100/10M self adaptation; Another kind of interface is the image synchronization parallel port, and it is made up of 8 data lines and some control lines, and its communication mode is two-way.Described E1/IP transducer is the ARM7 processor that adopts high performance risc instruction set, external clock is 50M, it mainly acts on and is exactly: receive UDP bag data from network interface side (local area network), through simple protocol encapsulation, send to then and oral-lateral, and send to the multi-functional data multiplexer; Perhaps receive view data, after simple decapsulation (processings of promptly unpacking), be reorganized into the UDP bag, be dealt into network (referring to local area network) then and get on, allow network equipment reception in this network from the parallel port side joint.The network equipment in the described network mainly comprises: audio/video server, pick-up and camera lens etc.
Described multi-functional data multiplexer, its inner structural representation comprises as shown in Figure 3 at least: system control unit, by the on off state and the Time Slot Occupancy of each data-interface of main controller controls; The sequential processing circuit links to each other with system control unit, obtains shared gap information of each data-interface and corresponding clock by clock and the frame synchronizing signal computing imported, controlled by system control unit; Data receiver circuit under the control of sequential processing circuit, will be buffered in the buffer after the content strings of corresponding time slot in the PCM data and the conversion, and sent by each data port under the effect of data tranmitting data register; Data transmit circuit under the effect of data reception clock, receives the data and the buffer memory of data-interface, through also sending under the control of sequential processing circuit on the corresponding time slot of PCM data after the string conversion; The function that Data Receiving and transmission are all arranged at clock whichever interface of the present invention.And described multi-functional data multiplexer at least also comprises: two E1 interface circuits, RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface, V35 synchronous serial interface, image synchronization parallel port.Described E1 interface possesses the straight-through function of power down.In described Fig. 2, the present invention has only used two interfaces wherein, and promptly one is the RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface, and another is the image synchronization parallel port.Described RS232 interface links to each other with master controller, and image synchronization parallel port and E1/IP transducer join.
Described multi-functional data multiplexer is connected with the E1/IP transducer by the parallel port, is connected with master controller by the RS232 interface, is connected with the E1 transmission signal line by the A.B interface, is used for data multiplexing with the multichannel interface to the E1 interface.Described multi-functional data multiplexer is a kind of equipment that multichannel V24, V35 and image parallel port is multiplexed into the E1 interface.This equipment particularly was used in car affair safety monitoring system being connected between various data terminal equipment (DTE)s and the leased line with E1/G.703 interface that telecom operators provide.
Wherein, described E1 interface comprises the straight-through function of power down and the E1 signal processing function of E1 interface.The straight-through relay group that adopts of described power down is finished.As shown in FIG., two E1 interface A, the two-way transmitting-receiving of B are that (A is to: received signal or send signal by 8 holding wires; B is to: received signal or send signal) be connected to the common point of 4 dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT), signal with each normally closed point connects to receipts by A again, B to send and A to transmission, B is to reception, each, signal was connected to E1 interface signal processing apparatus normal battle, thereby A, B are to direct connection when being implemented in power down, power up back A, B and enter system to signal and handle.Wherein said normal battle, when the line bag that just is meant relay was given electricity, often opened its contact, if the line bag powers up, its contact will be closed; And described normally closed point is on the contrary, and when the line bag of relay was not given electricity, its contact was closed, if the line bag powers up, its contact will be opened.Such as, realize that the straight-through purpose of power down is: if this node for a certain reason, lost power supply, whole multi-functional data multiplexer just can not have been worked, at this moment, A to B to the E1 interface normally-closed contact by relay just directly, with A to reception and B to transmission, perhaps with B to reception and A to transmission connect together, described A has been exactly the E1 line that leads directly to interface to interface and B, thus with the bypass of multi-functional data multiplexer.Like this, just can not cause the communication disruption of whole system because of the power down of this node.
Described RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface (claiming V.24 interface again) and V35 synchronous serial interface all belong to data-interface, are used to connect various user data terminal equipments, and described RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface and V.35 interface be the data-interface that meets the ITU-T standard.But the present invention has only used V.24 interface wherein, that is to say RS232 asynchronous serial port interface, and do not use V.35 interface, described V.35 interface is spare interface for the present invention, the expansion interface that just is used for system, such as, if system need can by described growth data interface V.35 interface connect the V.35 router of some standards or the network equipment of other interface etc.
And described RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface mainly comprises three parts for the processing procedure of the data that receive, i.e. data transmission unit, Data Receiving unit and sequential processing unit (but V.24 interface section clock) when not required.It mainly acts on: realize the conversion of high-speed synchronous, asynchronous data and PCM time slot data and the generation of the required sequential of data processing.Below be the composition that example is described three different pieces just with interface V.24.
Described data transmission unit, be that the data-signal in the assigned timeslot among the PCM is received, and send from FPDP that its principle as shown in Figure 4 according to the speed of user's appointment, its implementation procedure has been known technology for a person skilled in the art, no longer detailed here description.Its implementation procedure is: pulse code modulation (PCM, the Pulse Code Modulation) data that receive are become the speed of user's appointment successively with parallel serial conversion through serial to parallel conversion, data latching, buffering, data latching, and send from FPDP.
Described Data Receiving processing unit is the certain conversion process of synchronous high-speed data process that the user is sent here, under the control of timing signal, and the PCM time slot of writing system appointment, its principle is as shown in Figure 5.Its implementation procedure also is known technology for a person skilled in the art, no longer detailed here description.Its implementation procedure is the control of clock when not required when user data is carried out serial to parallel conversion, and other implementation procedure is opposite with the implementation procedure that data send part, here also no longer is explained in detail.
Described sequential processing unit obtains shared gap information of each data-interface and corresponding clock by clock and the frame synchronizing signal computing imported, and its principle as shown in Figure 6.
Described image synchronization parallel port, be a kind of new interface in the present invention, the inside of this interface is (such as FPGA with the large-scale field programmable gate array of a slice, Field Programmable Gate Array) realizes, it mainly is responsible for and the E1/IP transducer carries out two-way communication, finishes the forwarding work of image and voice data.
The time-division multiplexing (TDM) just that described E1 multiplex technique adopts, the mode of this time division multiplexing is cut apart with time slot.And need simultaneous techniques in the communication of time division multiplexing again, described simultaneous techniques comprises bit synchronization (clock synchronization) and frame synchronization, and this is an important feature of digital communication.Bit synchronization be the most basic synchronously, be the synchronous prerequisite of achieve frame.Bit synchronous basic meaning be the clock frequency of sending and receiving two terminals must be with frequently, homophase, receiving terminal could correctly receive and adjudicate each code element that transmitting terminal is sent here like this.Identical in order to reach the Transmitting and Receiving End frequency, and homophase, when the design transmission pattern, should contain the clock frequency composition of transmitting terminal in the sign indicating number type that generally will consider to transmit.Like this, receiving terminal extracts the clock that the clock originator frequency is controlled receiving terminal from receive the PCM sign indicating number, just can handle properly synchronously, thus the quality of raising transfer of data.
And described frame synchronization is in order to guarantee that the corresponding speech channel of each end of sending and receiving is consistent in time, receiving terminal correct each telephone path signal of sending here of receiving end/sending end just like this, and this must realize under bit synchronous prerequisite certainly.In order to set up the frame synchronization of Transmitting and Receiving End system, need insert frame swynchronization code in the fixed position in each frame (or a few frame) with special code type.Like this,, just can correctly pick out the head and the tail of each frame, thereby can tell each road signal of making a start and sending here by right area as long as receiving end can correctly identify these frame swynchronization codes.Described E1 interface is made up of the special purpose interface chip, has the function that produces multiplexing synchronizing signal, and functions such as recovered clock, frame synchronizing signal can be provided, and these signals and receiving and transmitting data signals are sent to FPGA together and handle.The function that described FPGA realizes is that buffered is carried out in the parallel port of multiplexing process and E1/IP transducer.Wherein multiplexing process comprises three parts: i.e. sequential processing, Data Receiving and data send.
Clock and frame synchronizing signal that described sequential processing partly utilizes special-purpose E1 interface chip to provide exactly by regularly calculating, obtain the sequential position of the time slot of data transmission, provide a corresponding Time Slot Occupancy signal, the reception of control data and transmission.Its schematic diagram sees Fig. 7 for details.
It is under the control of sequential processing that described data send part, the data of related time-slot are gone here and there and change, and data converted is stored among the two RAM in inside of FPGA, by the parallel port, regularly read by flush bonding processor (core processor in the E1/IP conversion equipment) at a high speed.It realizes that schematic diagram sees Fig. 8 for details.
Described Data Receiving part is equally under the control that time slot is handled, the data that flush bonding processor (core processor in the E1/IP conversion equipment) is write dual port RAM are carried out and are gone here and there conversion, the serial data that obtains is sent to corresponding time slot according to the Time Slot Occupancy signal get on.Its schematic diagram sees Fig. 9 for details.
In addition, described arm processor is to the read-write of dual port RAM, is equivalent to dual port RAM is regarded as operation to a peripheral hardware of flush bonding processor, and its interface is exactly the data parallel ports.
Described master controller links to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer, by the control of local area network (LAN) realization to data signal source, E1/IP transducer, to the parameter configuration of multi-functional data multiplexer.Described master controller is finished the control of whole system equipment, comprises the distribution of channel resource, the control of The Cloud Terrace, and the two-way communication with background server also is responsible in control of audio/video coding or the like simultaneously.
Wherein, described master controller is to realize by the local area network (LAN) of this locality to the control on foreground, described control to the foreground comprises: to the configuration of the minislot parameter of multi-functional data multiplexer, the coding control of audio/video server, and code check of coding etc. is set, and to the control of E1/IP transducer.
Described master controller is to finish by certain the fixing time slot in the E1 circuit with communicating by letter of backstage, links to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer by the RS232 interface.This connection procedure is somewhat similar to the signalling system No.7 in the telecommunication system, that is to say master controller by one on the E1 circuit fixedly time slot finish the control of whole system and synchronously.And control channel is self-existent at any time, can be not shared by any other business datum.
Described data cross connection device links to each other with E1 transmission signal line, data-signal monitoring unit respectively, is used to realize the bright interconnection of unlimited obstruction full impregnated of the mutual time slot of a plurality of E1 circuit.Described Cross Connect equipment is between 16 E1 circuit, can realize the bright interconnection of clog-free full impregnated of mutual 64kb/s time slot, is the nucleus equipment that utilizes the networking of many E1 circuit; Be used in combination with described multi-functional data multiplexer, can realize the major function of Digital Data Net (DDN, Digital Data Network); The mixer that also can be used as many E1 circuit uses.The schematic diagram of the time slot cross processing of its described data cross connection device as shown in figure 10, the structure of this Cross Connect equipment generally comprises: 16 E1 input circuits, data buffer, output multiplexers and described data buffer and lasting register link to each other respectively, dispose and mouthful link to each other and 16 E1 output circuits with lasting register.
In order to reduce the volume of described equipment, and adopt FPGA to handle time gas exchange and line code conversion.Integrated 16 2048Kb/s in this chip, the digital interface of frame structure, nonreturn to zero code (NRZ, nonreturn tozero code) or high density bipolar 3 type sign indicating numbers (HDB3, Hign Density Bipolar 3) G.704.In this chip integrated receiving end regularly, 2M take out clock, HDB3 decoding, frame synchronization, signaling divide multiple connection and multi-frame synchronously, function such as cyclic redundancy code (CRC, Cyclic Redundancy Code) verification and CRC multi-frame be synchronous.Multiple timing signal output, alarm signal output, extremely easy to use.Can select local clock (master clock mode) or from higher level's digital interface clock recovered (from clock mode) for the control of clock.
Wherein, the system principle diagram of described data cross connection device as shown in figure 11.From view of function, the circuit of described data cross connection device mainly comprises: data cross connection processing circuit, control circuit, E1 interface circuit and power circuit.Wherein, data cross connection processing circuit is the core circuit of this equipment, this partial circuit is the extensive Programmable Logic Device that adopts ALTERA company to provide, finish the clog-free interconnection between totally 512 time slots of 16 road E1 code streams, finishing E1 circuit HDB3 encoding function simultaneously, is that the E1 Network Interface Design is more succinct.The logical storage of wherein said FPGA is in two serial EEPROMs.Logical circuit uses the 32.768M crystal oscillator, and the clock that equipment can this crystal oscillator also can adopt clock recovered (promptly from clock) on any one road E1 code stream as master clock.
Described control circuit comprises: CPU, EEPROM, it finishes the control of whole system, comprises control FPGA, network management serial ports, alarm demonstration etc.Described E1 interface circuit is responsible for the communication of E1 interface.Power circuit is responsible for the power management and the power supply of whole system.
Described data-signal monitoring unit comprises: RS232/IP switching controller, image network transducer, speech network transducer, server and terminal, and described RS232/IP switching controller, image network transducer, speech network transducer are connected with data cross equipment respectively, and server is connected with all equipment.Wherein, the effect of described RS232/IP switching controller is exactly that data transaction with certain time slot of an E1 line becomes network.This transducer comprises two kinds of interfaces, and a kind of is the E1 interface, and another kind is exactly a network interface.It is finished is the data of certain time slot of an E1 line and the conversion of network data.Its effect is exactly the two-way communication of finishing foreground node and background server.Its implementation procedure is: at first receive data from the E1 interface, with in certain E1 line certain fixedly the data demultiplexing of time slot come out, break into the IP network bag then, issue server, receive the IP packet from network interface simultaneously, then with on this data multiplex certain time slot to the E1 circuit, thereby data are sent from the E1 interface.
The effect of described image network transducer is the data that the data transaction of E1 interface become network interface.This equipment also comprises two kinds of interfaces, and a kind of is the E1 interface, and a kind of is network interface.Function that it is finished and E1/IP conversion equipment described above are very similar, just will and port communications changed into E1 and communicated by letter.Also be about to come out from the view data demultiplexing that the E1 interface comes, reformulation is fit to the UDP bag that network transmits, and is dealt on the background terminal then to show; The UDP that also network interface can be come wraps simultaneously, and reception is come in, and is multiplexed in the middle of some time slot of E1 line, sends from the E1 interface, thereby send the foreground node with data.
The effect of described speech network transducer and function and image network transducer are just the same, have just changed view data into speech data, finally also are will deliver on the terminal to show, are played back by sound card or other sound equipment.
The function of described server is mainly finished the overall controlled function of whole system, comprises the control to the backstage all devices, the time slot allocation of whole system and multiplexing, and and the two-way communication of foreground master controller, with communicating by letter and control of monitor terminal.
Described terminal is mainly finished the man-machine interaction with the user, simultaneously the Presentation Function of image and voice messaging.
Described data-signal collecting unit 11 comprises audio/video server, pick-up and camera lens.The function of described audio/video server mainly is to finish the compression function of Voice ﹠ Video, will compress good data message simultaneously and send other network equipment to by network interface.
In addition, it is a kind of based on E1 interface method of transmitting video data that the present invention also provides, and the flow chart of this method sees Figure 11 for details.Described method comprises step:
Step S10: background server is provided with the time slot setting of data cross connection device according to user profile, and its corresponding signaling is sent to the master controller on foreground;
Step S12: master controller is provided with image encoding parameter, transmission code rate and view data and the required multiplexing number of time slots of speech data of relevant device according to the instruction that receives;
Step S12: when the image encoding of audio/video server is initiated, by the E1/IP conversion operations, it is multiplexed in the corresponding time slot of multi-functional data multiplexer, and delivers to automatically on the back-end data Cross Connect equipment by the E1 transmission signal line;
Step S13: described data cross connection device is with the image and the speech data that receive, and the Timeslot cross function by itself separates image and voice data on this circuit, and it is carried out respectively sending to terminal after logic is synthesized.
Also comprised step before step S10: the user gathers the audio, video data of needs transmission on terminal, and the coding format and the transmission code rate of these data are set, and terminal is notified to described user's configuration information the server on backstage;
Step S10: after described server receives orders, finish the setting of background devices, such as, the time slot setting of data cross connection device, the order setting of image network transducer and speech network transducer, and the related command that the is provided with control channel by system sent to the foreground master controller, described order comprises: number of time slots that the coded format of image, code check, view data are multiplexing or the like;
Step S11: after master controller receives orders, at first audio/video server is operated, allowed it encode, the code check of coding is set simultaneously; Control the E1/IP transducer again, allow it receive the UDP message bag of certain port, initiate the data transformation operations of network interface simultaneously to the E1 interface; Control the multifunctional multiplexing device at last, the multiplexing number of time slots of image information and voice messaging is set;
Step S12: when the image encoding of audio/video server is initiated, by the E1/IP conversion operations, it is multiplexed in the corresponding time slot of multi-functional data multiplexer, and delivers to automatically on the back-end data Cross Connect equipment by the E1 transmission signal line; When that is to say the image encoding initiation of audio/video server, system channel also assigns, image has just been delivered to backstage DXC Cross Connect equipment automatically, DXC has received image and speech data from a certain E1 circuit, by the Timeslot cross function of oneself, image on this circuit and voice data are separated, carry out simultaneously that logic is synthetic (to be synthesized together all image time slots, all audio frequency time slots are synthesized together, again tandem becomes two independently E1 circuits, and a circuit that has only image information is given the image network transducer, described image network transducer converts thereof into the network information, delivers to terminal and shows; Another 2M data line has only voice messaging, gives the speech network transducer, and the voice messaging of conversion is also delivered to terminal, and allows its sound card from this machine play back.Such as, image information is multiplexed on 2 to 10 these 9 time slots, audio-frequency information is multiplexed on 30 these time slots, like this, an E1 code stream in the data cross connection device just contains the view data (occupying 2 to 10 time slot) of 9 time slots, another E code stream contains the voice data (occupying 30 time slots) of 1 time slot, the data cross connection device is to be the base unit of operation with the time slot, and 9 time slot data that image is shared copy on the new E1 line, like this, this E1 line has just had identical image information; Equally, 1 also that voice are shared time slot data of data cross connection device copy on another the E1 line, like this, this E1 line has also just had identical voice messaging, send image network transducer and speech network transducer then respectively to, they by simple message analysis, break into the UDP network packet with these data, send to terminal.
The realization principle of the method for the invention is identical with the realization principle of said system, specifically please see for details above-mentioned.Here repeat no more.
By the disclosed technical scheme of the invention described above as can be known, the present invention adopts the timeslot multiplex and the cross-coupled communication technology, realize the transmission of audio, video data, that is to say transmitting terminal at the E1 circuit, the audio, video data that will need earlier to send is multiplexed in the corresponding time slot of multifunctional multiplexing device by the parallel port, transmit by the E1 transmission line then, to video data be separated with voice data by the data cross connection device at data receiver at last, and in different E1 circuits, transmit respectively, by corresponding Voice ﹠ Video transducer, will change back speech data and video data and send to the relevant terminal demonstration respectively.This shows, technical solutions according to the invention avoid fully because the problem of network (such as, network broadcasting windstorm and multicast storm, the interference of virus and some incoherent network programs etc.) cause the image transmitted quality to descend.Therefore, the present invention adopts the E1 interface circuit, control simultaneously to as if the most basic communication unit of E1 circuit transmission, it is time slot, Forwarding Latency between each node is fixed, even therefore through multistage forwarding, also can reach very desirable delay effect, the image transmitted quality also can reach satisfactory effect certainly.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of video-frequency data transmission system based on the E1 interface comprises at least: data-signal collecting unit, E1 transmission signal line, data-signal monitoring unit; It is characterized in that described transmission system at least also comprises: E1/IP transducer, master controller, multi-functional data multiplexer and data cross connection device, wherein,
Described multi-functional data multiplexer is connected with the E1 transmission signal line, is used for data multiplexing with the multichannel interface to the E1 interface;
Described E1/IP transducer links to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer, is used to finish the conversion of IP data and parallel port data;
Described master controller links to each other with the multi-functional data multiplexer, is used to realize the control to whole website, and the two-way communication of background devices;
Described data cross connection device links to each other respectively at E1 transmission signal line, data-signal monitoring unit, is used to realize the bright interconnection of full impregnated of the unlimited obstruction of the mutual time slot of a plurality of E1 circuit.
According to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, described multi-functional data multiplexer comprises at least based on the E1 interface:
System control unit is by the on off state and the Time Slot Occupancy of each data-interface of main controller controls;
The sequential processing circuit links to each other with system control unit, obtains shared gap information of each data-interface and corresponding clock by clock and the frame synchronizing signal computing imported, controlled by system control unit;
Data receiver circuit under the control of sequential processing circuit, will be buffered in the buffer after the content strings of corresponding time slot in the PCM data and the conversion, and sent by each data port under the effect of data tranmitting data register;
Data transmit circuit under the effect of data reception clock, receives data port data and buffer memory, through also sending under the control of sequential processing circuit on the corresponding time slot of PCM data after the string conversion;
The RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface links to each other with master controller, is used for user data is passed through this interface, converts the pulse code data to, is multiplexed into the E1 circuit and gets on, or pulse code data demultiplexing in the time slot is come out, and is converted to user data, gives master controller;
Two E1 interface circuits link to each other with the E1 transmission line, and it is straight-through and to E1 Signal Processing function to have a power down;
The image synchronization parallel port links to each other with the E1/IP transducer, is used for realizing carrying out two-way communication with the E1/IP transducer, and finishes the forwarding of audio, video data.
According to the described video-frequency data transmission system based on the E1 interface of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, described multi-functional data multiplexer also comprises: 2 V35 synchronous serial interfaces are used for the expansion interface of system.
4, according to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 2, it is characterized in that the data processing of described RS232 Asynchronous Serial Interface comprises based on the E1 interface:
The sequential processing unit obtains shared gap information of each data-interface and corresponding clock by clock and the frame synchronizing signal computing imported;
The Data Receiving unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit, under the control of timer clock, and after the synchronous high-speed data process conversion process that is used for the user is sent here, the time slot of writing system appointment;
Data transmission unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit with data transmission unit respectively, is used for the data-signal in the received pulse coded modulation assigned timeslot, and sends from data-interface by the speed of user's appointment.
According to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 2, it is characterized in that 5, described image synchronization parallel port is made up of a plurality of data wires and the control line of field programmable gate array based on the E1 interface.
6, according to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 5, it is characterized in that the data processing of described field programmable gate array comprises based on the E1 interface: sequential processing unit, Data Receiving unit and data transmission unit, wherein,
Described sequential processing unit is clock and a frame synchronizing signal of utilizing the E1 interface to provide, by regularly calculating the sequential position of the time slot that data transmit, and corresponding Time Slot Occupancy number is set, the reception of control data and transmission;
Described data transmission unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit, under the control of sequential processing, the data of related time-slot are gone here and there and changes, and with the data converted storage, regularly read by the core processor in the E1/IP transducer by the parallel port;
Described Data Receiving unit links to each other with the sequential processing unit, and under the control of sequential processing, the data that write in the core processor of E1/IP transducer are carried out and gone here and there conversion, serial data is sent to corresponding time slot get on.
According to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 7, described E1/IP transducer comprises: network interface and image synchronization parallel port based on the E1 interface.
According to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 8, described data cross connection device comprises based on the E1 interface:
Power circuit is used to system that power supply is provided;
The E1 interface circuit links to each other with power circuit, is used to provide interface communication;
The interconnection treatment circuit links to each other with the E1 interface circuit, comprises field programmable gate array, is used to finish clog-free interconnection between the time slot of 16 road E1 code streams, and finishes the coding of high density bipolar 3 type sign indicating numbers;
Control circuit comprises CPU, is used to finish the control to whole system.
9, according to the described video-frequency data transmission system of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on the E1 interface,
Described data-signal collecting unit comprises: audio/video server, pick-up and camera lens;
Described data-signal monitoring unit comprises:
The image network transducer becomes the data of network interface with the data transaction of E1 interface, and it is transferred to terminal;
The speech network transducer converts the speech data of E1 interface the data of network interface to, and it is transferred to terminal;
The RS232/IP transducer, the data of certain time slot of E1 line and the conversion of network data are used to finish the two-way communication of foreground node and background server, and it is transferred to terminal server.
10, a kind of method of transmitting video data based on the E1 interface is characterized in that, comprises step:
A, background server finish the setting of backstage relevant device according to user profile, and with the master controller that signaling sends to the foreground that is provided with of its relevant device;
B, master controller are provided with image encoding parameter, transmission code rate and view data and the required multiplexing number of time slots of speech data of foreground relevant device according to the instruction that receives;
C, when the image encoding of audio/video server is initiated, by the E1/IP conversion operations, it is multiplexed in the corresponding time slot of multi-functional data multiplexer, and delivers to automatically on the back-end data Cross Connect equipment by the E1 transmission signal line;
D, described data cross connection device are with the image and the speech data that receive, and the Timeslot cross function by itself separates the audio, video data on this E1 circuit, and it is carried out respectively sending to terminal after logic is synthesized.
11, as described in the claim 10 based on the method for transmitting video data of E1 interface, it is characterized in that the user profile in the described steps A comprises: the form and the code check that need the image transmitted coding.
12, as described in the claim 11 based on the method for transmitting video data of E1 interface, it is characterized in that the setting of described backstage relevant device comprises: the time slot setting of data cross connection device, the order setting of image network transducer and speech network transducer.
13, as described in the claim 10 based on the method for transmitting video data of E1 interface, it is characterized in that the implementation procedure of described step B is:
B1) after master controller receives orders, audio/video server is operated, allowed it encode, the code check of coding is set simultaneously;
B2) main controller controls E1/IP transducer allows it receive the UDP message bag of certain port, initiates the data transformation operations of network interface to the E1 interface simultaneously;
B3) main controller controls multifunctional multiplexing device is provided with the multiplexing number of time slots of image information and voice messaging.
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