CN1813387A - Energy storage system - Google Patents
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- CN1813387A CN1813387A CN 200480018224 CN200480018224A CN1813387A CN 1813387 A CN1813387 A CN 1813387A CN 200480018224 CN200480018224 CN 200480018224 CN 200480018224 A CN200480018224 A CN 200480018224A CN 1813387 A CN1813387 A CN 1813387A
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Abstract
An energy storage system is described for use in, for example, electronics systems such as a bank of computers. The disclosed energy storage systems allow the use of an efficient energy source, such as ultracapacitors, while providing a desired voltage level for an extended period of time. One embodiment of the energy storage system provides power to a load. The system includes a power module including at least one ultracapacitor adapted to store and discharge energy. The power module provides an output voltage as the ultracapacitor discharges energy. The system also includes a voltage regulator for boosting the output voltage of the power module. The voltage regulator may include a voltage converter. The voltage converter may be adapted to boost the output voltage when the output voltage falls below a predetermined threshold. The voltage converter may include a plurality of interleaving inductor circuits, each of the circuits including a switch and an inductor. The switches are adapted to be sequentially closed and opened, thereby in sequence storing energy in the inductors and discharging energy to the load.
Description
Related application
The application requires to submit on June 27th, 2003, title is the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/509 that transfers the possession of " energy storage system ", common, 055 priority, and be its cip application, it all is incorporated herein by reference at this.The application also requires to submit on June 24th, 2004, title is priority " energy storage system ", the common U.S. non-provisional application No.____ that transfers the possession of, and is its cip application, and it all is incorporated herein by reference at this.
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy storage system in general.More specifically, the present invention relates to introduce the energy storage system of ultra-capacitor (ultracapacitor).
Background technology
Provide following description to help the reader understanding.Do not admit the information that is provided and quoted be referenced as prior art of the present invention.
Need many system or equipments of power supply also to introduce backup battery to avoid the system or equipment outage.This can be crucial demand in the calculating field, for example, single power supply can be used for a sets of computer such as server.Backup battery can or provide power during the short air gap that the incident of main power source temporary derangement or fluctuation takes place during a main power source is transferred to another main power source.
Ideally, backup battery should be able to can provide the backup power of substantial constant in required time span (30 seconds), and have the ability that recharges fast at the time period storage power that prolongs at least.
In many application, often back up with battery.But battery has several shortcomings.The dispensable mould battery can exhaust and lose the ability of its storage power in time naturally, causes storage life only to be had an appointment 6 months.Secondary type rechargeable batteries recharge usually speed than the velocity of discharge slowly many.Long recharge time, section was in that to experience in the system of frequent power failure or transfer be very big shortcoming.The quadratic form battery has the limited life-span usually, with the quantitaes of the circulation of discharging/recharge.Typical quadratic form battery limitation is in about 2000 circulations.These two kinds of batteries have the unpredictable life-span, in other words, are difficult to the terminal point when the prediction battery arrives its useful voltage or life-span.Battery, its useful life longevity typically are predicted as in only about 40% the scope, in other words, provide 10 hours minimum voltage if wish battery, and in fact, this voltage can occur in any time between 6 hours to 14 hours.
Ultra-capacitor can stored energy and the advantage of quick rechargeable ability is provided.It is identical with the velocity of discharge that ultra-capacitor recharges speed usually.But, descend fast usually from the output voltage of ultra-capacitor, reduced the up duration that is used to back up power thus.For example, Fig. 1 illustrates that the output voltage of one group of exemplary ultra-capacitor descends.Desirable output voltage is a voltage range normally.In this example, desirable scope is indicated with maximum (100%) voltage level and minimum rated voltage level.One group of ultra-capacitor from initially fully charging drop to minimum voltage level (this example about 30 seconds) fast.Owing to reach minimum rated voltage so soon, a lot of energy that are stored in the ultra-capacitor can't use.For example, when output voltage drops to minimum rated voltage, have only 45% the energy that is stored in the ultra-capacitor to be used.
It is desirable to a kind of power source: constant output voltage, the ability that recharges fast and the predictable useful voltage of the time span that provide long storage life, is used to prolong.
Summary of the invention
Invention described herein relates to the energy storage system that is used in the system that utilizes energy.The present invention relates to energy storage system, it allows to use effective energy source, as ultra-capacitor, provides desirable voltage level in the time period that prolongs simultaneously.Further, the invention provides a kind of power source, it provides predictable discharge behavior thus according to ideal curve (profile) discharge.
On the one hand, the present invention includes the energy storage system that power is provided for load.This system comprises a power model of the ultra-capacitor that at least one is suitable for stored energy and discharge.This power model provides output voltage when ultra-capacitor discharges.This system also comprises the adjuster of the output voltage that is suitable for regulating power model.This adjuster comprises the charge/discharge control circuit that is suitable for providing predetermined voltage profile in load.This curve is the function of the current voltage of power model.
Load can be any unit or the system that needs electric energy, and for example, one group needs the computer of constant energy can comprise load.In one embodiment, disclosed energy storage system can be used as each part power under the situation of main power system fault or conversion.
" ultra-capacitor " is known to those skilled in the art.Ultra-capacitor can be very little form factor (form factor) a large amount of capacity is provided, for example, 500 farads in the capacitor shell of D-cell battery sizes.The same known ultra-capacitor of those skilled in the art is as double layer capacitor and ultracapacitor (supercapacitor).Ultra-capacitor generally includes two current collecting board elements, and each has corresponding electrode and separated device separates.Energy is stored in the electrode of separation with the form of electric charge.For understanding the more details of ultra-capacitor, with reference to U.S. Patent No. 5,621,607,5,777,428,5,862,035,5,907,472,6,059,847,6,094,788 and 6,233,135, its each be incorporated herein by reference in full.
In one embodiment, one " power model " can be one group of ultra-capacitor, as the ultra-capacitor of 22 2700-farads be connected in series and interconnected for balancing circuitry to keep the balanced voltage on the ultra-capacitor.Power model can be embodied as the installable encapsulation of the frame that contains bank of ultracapacitors.
In one embodiment, a charge/discharge control circuit comprises the voltage that is used on the comparison load and the comparator of reference voltage.Also be provided for device output based on the comparison and the power stage (power stage) of controlled adjuster.
In one embodiment, an adjuster comprises at least one inductor circuit.In one embodiment, this adjuster comprises two or more interleaved inductor circuits.Each interleaved inductor circuits comprises a switch and an inductor.Described switch is suitable for optionally closed and disconnected, thus optionally in inductor stored energy and discharge give load.Described switch can be controlled by charge/discharge control circuit.
On the one hand, the invention provides the output that adjuster circuit is used to regulate the source of powering load.Adjuster circuit comprises: the inductor circuit with at least one inductor; And switching device, be used for optionally disconnecting with closed inductor circuit so that optionally discharge is to load and in the inductor stored energy.The discharge regulating circuit is provided and is suitable for the control output voltage curve.The discharge regulating circuit monitors from the current voltage of power source and responds current voltage and comes the control switch device.
On the one hand, the invention provides adjuster circuit, it has: two or more interleaved inductor circuits; Switching device is used for optionally disconnecting and closed each inductor circuit is given load with discharge optionally and in the inductor stored energy; And discharge regulating circuit.This discharge regulating circuit is suitable for the control output voltage curve.This discharge regulating circuit monitors and comes the control switch device from the current voltage of power source and in response to current voltage.
In one embodiment, comprise for load provides the system of power: a module, described module comprise that at least one is suitable for the capacitor of stored energy and discharge, and this module provides output voltage when capacitor discharges; And be applicable to the adjuster of regulating this module output voltage, and this adjuster comprises the charge/discharge control circuit that is suitable for providing predetermined voltage profile on the load, this curve is the function of the current voltage of this module.Charge/discharge control circuit can comprise the voltage that is used on the comparison load and the comparator of reference voltage, and is used for the power stage that device based on the comparison exports controlled adjuster.This adjuster can be suitable for improving output voltage when following when output voltage drops to predetermined threshold.This adjuster can be suitable for output voltage is brought up to voltage in the preset range.This adjuster can comprise at least one inductor circuit.This adjuster can comprise two or more interleaved inductor circuits.Each interleaved inductor circuits comprises a switch and an inductor, and described switch is suitable for optionally closed and disconnected, optionally is stored in energy in the inductor thus and load is given in discharge.Described switch can be controlled by charge/discharge control circuit.Interleaved inductor circuits can be suitable for optionally making electric current to pass through to load and bypass load.Capacitor can comprise a ultra-capacitor.This system can comprise back up power system.This system can comprise automotive system.
In one embodiment, the adjuster circuit that is used to regulate from the output of the ultra-capacitor power source of powering load can comprise: inductor circuit has at least one inductor; Switching device is used for optionally disconnecting and gives load with closed inductor circuit with discharge optionally and in the inductor stored energy; And the discharge regulating circuit, being suitable for the control output voltage curve, the discharge regulating circuit monitors and comes the control switch device from the current voltage of power source and in response to current voltage.
In one embodiment, the adjuster circuit that is used to regulate from the output of the ultra-capacitor power source of powering load can comprise: two or more interleaved inductor circuits, and each inductor circuit has at least one inductor; Switching device is used for optionally disconnecting and gives load with closed inductor circuit with discharge optionally and in the inductor stored energy; And the discharge regulating circuit, being suitable for the control output voltage curve, the discharge regulating circuit monitors and comes the control switch device from the current voltage of power source and in response to current voltage.
In one embodiment, a kind of in one or more ultra-capacitors stored energy and discharge can may further comprise the steps for the method for load: the current voltage that monitors one or more ultra-capacitors; And provide voltage curve on the load according to current voltage.This method can may further comprise the steps: functionally one or more inductors are coupled to one or more ultra-capacitors; And optionally discharge to load from inductor.Voltage curve can 10% or better accuracy and predicting at any time.
In one embodiment, be used for providing the energy source of energy to comprise: at least one ultra-capacitor to load; At least one inductor with the inductor series coupled; And a circuit, in the wherein said circuit, described at least one ultra-capacitor and the coupling of described at least one being operated property of inductor ground to be to provide the voltage curve on the load.Load can be an electric notor.Motor can be a hybrid vehicle electric motor.At any time, the discharge curve that voltage curve can 10% or better accuracy is come descriptive system.At any time, the accuracy that voltage curve can about 1% is come the discharge curve of descriptive system.Inductor can be rated processing greater than 50 amperes electric current.For more than 30 seconds, the source can provide energy up to 144,000 joules for load.Energy source can be a back up source of energy.At least one ultra-capacitor and at least one inductor can directly be connected to each other.
Although this described of the present invention aspect, interests, advantage and embodiment, should be appreciated that these descriptions are examples of the present invention, the present invention only is subjected to the restriction of claim and legal equivalents thereof.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of the output voltage decline of the uncontrolled bank of ultracapacitors discharge of explanation;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to an embodiment of energy storage system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 describes an embodiment of the capacitor group of using with energy storage system shown in Fig. 2 in detail;
Fig. 4 A is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the energy storage system that has voltage regulator according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 B is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the energy storage system that has voltage regulator according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the figure of explanation according to the sampling and outputting voltage of energy storage system one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 explanation is according to an embodiment of inductor of the present invention;
Fig. 7 A is the schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the energy storage system that has a discharge control voltage regulator of the present invention;
Fig. 7 B is the schematic diagram according to another embodiment of the energy storage system that has a discharge control voltage regulator of the present invention; And
Fig. 8 is the figure of explanation according to the sampling and outputting voltage of an embodiment of the energy storage system that has a discharge control voltage regulator of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is often referred to being suitable for load the power source of power is provided.In this point, the present invention includes energy storage system, it can provide long storage life, at the predictability of the firm power of the time span that prolongs, useful life longevity and recharge ability fast.
The enforcement of disclosed energy storage system provides the ability of the output voltage that keeps desirable at the time period that prolongs, provide simultaneously can recharge fast and the energy source of the putting of sustainable in fact infinite number/charge cycle.
Fig. 2 explanation is according to an embodiment of energy storage system of the present invention.Energy storage system 100 for example can receive the intake from container or electrical network (not shown).Intake can be direct current (DC) or exchanges (AC).Dc voltage outputs to the load (not shown) by energy storage system 100.
Intake is drawn towards charger 110, and it can provide in energy storage system 100.Charger 110 is used for charging to one or more ultra-capacitors that power model 120 provides.Charger 110 replacedly can be independent of energy storage system 100 and be provided.When will charging, power model 120 utilizes charger 110.
An embodiment of power model 120 as shown in Figure 3.The embodiment of shown power model 120 comprises one group of ultra-capacitor, as the ultra-capacitor 122 that is connected in series.Couple of conductor 124,126 is provided to a power model 120 and is connected to load.Identical lead 124,126 or another group lead (not shown) can be used for being the bank of ultracapacitors charging.Can not show with the voltage balancing circuit that keeps the balanced voltage on the ultra-capacitor interconnected between ultra-capacitor yet.
With reference to figure 2, energy storage system 100 further comprises voltage regulator module 130 again.Voltage regulator module 130 is suitable for the dc voltage from power model 120 is converted to the output voltage that load needs.For example, when the bank of ultracapacitors in the power model 120 was discharged, experience descended from the voltage of described power model.When voltage drops to predetermined threshold when following, adjustor module 130 can improve voltage and remain in the ideal range with the output voltage that guarantees load.
Described predetermined threshold can be set to be fit to the rank of application-specific.Preferably, described predetermined threshold is higher than the minimum voltage demand of load.For example, threshold value can be arranged on the mid point of the minimum and the maximum voltage requirement of load.
Fig. 4 A schematically illustrates an embodiment of the setting of using the energy storage system that has voltage regulator.Shown in energy storage system 200 in, power model 210 provides electrical power for load 220.Electric current from power model 210 is conducted through inductor circuit 230.Inductor circuit 230 comprises inductor 232 and switch 234.The value that can select inductor 232 is to obtain ideal results.
When switch 234 is opened (as shown in the figure),, cause being applied on load 220 and the capacitor 212 from the voltage of power model 210 from flow through inductor 232 and flow to load 220 of the electric current of power model 210.When switch 234 was closed, electric current was by inductor 232, but bypass load 220, in this case, was applied on the inductor 232 from the voltage of power model 210, caused energy to be stored in the inductor 232.When switch 234 disconnects subsequently, be applied in load from the energy of storage in the voltage of power model 210 and the inductor 232.
Capacitor 212 is provided cross-over connection in load 220.Capacitor 212 prevents the quick changes in voltage on the load.The capacity levels of capacitor 212 is more relative little with power model 210.Capacitor 212 is selected as appropriate value, makes that it is recharged when switch 234 disconnects, and it discharges by load 220 when switch 234 closures.By this way, load 220 is provided with the electric current that is used for its operation.In one embodiment, capacitor 212 can provide filter function.In one embodiment, capacitor 212 comprises electrolytic capacitor.In one embodiment, capacitor 212 comprises that value .1 farad and inductor circuit 230 comprise value 1 microhenry, but is used for the two other value of these two elements in other embodiments also in the selected scope by those skilled in the art.
The voltage that uses inductor circuit 230 to improve on the load can cause ripple voltage.In other words, load can be experienced voltage fluctuation.By providing two or more interleaved inductor circuits can reduce ripple, as shown in Fig. 4 B.Comprise two inductor circuits 230,240 though be provided with shown in Fig. 4 B, can adopt more substantial sort circuit in other embodiments.
Each inductor circuit 230,240 comprises: inductor 232,242, switch 234,244 and diode 236,246.Be in operation, each switch 234,244 order disconnects and is closed.In one embodiment, when first switch 234 disconnects, second switch 244 closures.Subsequently, second switch 244 disconnects, and first switch, 234 closures.This repeats to put on generation the level and smooth relatively voltage curve of load 220 with sufficiently high frequency.In one embodiment, switch alternately carries out with about 65KHz.
The example voltages curve that is caused by above-mentioned voltage-regulation as shown in Figure 5.When charging fully, ultracapacitor power module is applied to load, voltage be initially power model specified 100%.Preferably, this maximum voltage requirement with load is consistent basically.With the class of a curve shown in Fig. 1 seemingly, after being inserted by load from the output voltage of power model begin to descend (section A).In case the voltage from power model reaches threshold voltage levels, above-mentioned voltage-regulation can begin.As the result of voltage-regulation, significantly reduce to the fall off rate of the output voltage of load.Section C represents to have the voltage of adjusting, and section B represents the output voltage of not regulating (identical to those shown in Fig. 1).So than there not being remarkable longer time period of regulation voltage, output voltage can remain on more than the minimum voltage requirement of load.Further, utilize more substantial basically energy available in the ultra-capacitor of power model.For example, have only 45% stored energy to be utilized (Fig. 1) when not having voltage-regulation, and voltage-regulation allow to use 87% stored energy.
In a kind of configuration, bank of ultracapacitors is installed in the installable module of frame so that use with the server rack that can comprise a sets of computer such as server.The installable module of this frame preferably highly is 2U (3.5 inches) and contains 22 ultra-capacitors.Another embodiment of the installable module of frame contains 46 ultra-capacitors and highly is 4U (7 inches).Similarly, the electronic equipment that comprises electric pressure converter, controller and charger can be installed in the installable module of this frame.
Traditional inductor comprises the single core of being made by magnetisable material, as iron.Core is had the coil encircling of some windings, the lead that is used to connect in its each end forming circuit.Therefore, traditional inductor comprises the single core that has a plurality of windings.In order to handle big electric current and/or big inductance value to be provided, traditional inductor need comprise very large form factor.The person skilled in art will think and will handle so big electric current and be engaged in the installable module of frame of appropriate size with described herein consistent that it is unpractiaca if not impossible using traditional inductor.For this reason, one or more inductors described here comprise novel design.
Fig. 6 explanation is according to one the of the present invention inductor embodiment that can have the high electric current of harmonic curve (low-profile).The inductor of harmonic curve shown in Fig. 6 300 comprises single conductive segment 310 by a plurality of rings 320.Ring 320 is made by magnetisable material such as iron, and can be encapsulated in the insulating material.The same with the quantity of ring in being provided at inductor 300, the size of ring 320 is decided according to design requirement.In one embodiment, ring has about 1 inch overall diameter, 0.25 inch interior diameter and about 0.125 inch wide.In one embodiment, 33 ring 320 length along conductive segment 310 are set in the isolated configuration.In one embodiment, ring is spaced apart equably along the length of section 310.The normally linear conducting line segment of conductive segment 310, electric current can be flowed through it when section 301 is connected to circuit.The length and the diameter of section 310 can be selected according to the demand of inductor 300.Conductive segment 310 can be made with any electric conducting material, as copper or aluminium.When the electric current section of flowing through 310, create magnetic field around section 310.Energy in the magnetic field can be stored in the ring 320.In one embodiment, section 310 comprises the pipe assembling structure of hollow, comprises overall diameter and interior diameter, and gas or fluid can pass through on it and/or wherein, use the heat that is produced during the embodiment described herein with removal.In one embodiment, inductor is rated and handles 50 amperes or bigger electric current.In one embodiment, when using with embodiments of the invention described herein, inductor 300 can be effectively and is handled about 200 amperes safely.Therefore, inductor 300 can have low relatively curve, allows power model such as saidly is embodied as little form factor module.Further, configuration shown in Fig. 6 has proposed improved thermal characteristics, allows to use one or more inductors at high electric current.
Above-mentioned energy storage system can be used for substituting the power source based on battery.In the prior art since battery according to unpredictable slope discharge, load can not be discerned voltage when near acceptable floor level and can not take adequate measures, as just closing before reaching acceptable floor level.In this point, the present invention not only provides the capacitor discharge time that prolongs, and also makes this discharge predictable form to take place.
Fig. 7 A illustrates an embodiment of the energy storage system of the voltage regulator that has discharge control.As with reference to figure 4A and the described voltage regulator of 4B, the energy system 400 of Fig. 7 A comprises the power model 410 to load 420 power supplies.Inductor circuit 430 comprises inductor 432, switch 434 and diode 436.Further, provide other capacitor 412 of relatively low level to be provided as cross-over connection load 420.
Charge/discharge control circuit 450 is provided to the voltage curve on the control load 420.5.1 volts reference voltage 452 on the power model 410 that is provided is provided charge/discharge control circuit 450.Reference voltage 452 is supplied to the positive input of comparator 456.The negative input of comparator 456 comprises the voltage that is detected by line 454 on load 420.Therefore, the current voltage of comparator 456 on can shortcoming load 420.Phrase " current voltage (present voltage) " is used for representing being detected, measuring or definite voltage by comparator 456 at this.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this voltage can or not be instantaneous voltage.The output of comparator 456 is provided for power stage 458.Power stage 458 can be controller, as microprocessor.Power stage 458 comprises the information about desirable discharge curve.For example, in case the voltage on the load 420 drops to predetermined threshold, power stage 458 is provided the information of loyal desired constant slope discharge.
Therefore, by the output of comparator 456, power stage 458 can monitor the voltage on the load 420.When voltage dropped to predetermined threshold, power stage 458 began to control the switch 434 of inductor circuit 430 to obtain the desired voltage curve on the load 420.Therefore, charge/discharge control circuit 450 is used as feedback circuit to obtain ideal results.In this point, the voltage on the load 420 is monitored and passes through the operation Be Controlled of inductor circuit 430 by comparator 456.In this way, on load 420, can obtain any desirable voltage curve.
As shown in Fig. 7 B, comprise that the energy system 402 of charge/discharge control circuit 450 can provide a plurality of interleaved inductor circuits 430,440, with described those are similar with reference to figure 4B.Each inductor circuit 430,440 comprises: inductor 432,442, switch 434,444, and diode 436,446.Each switch 434,444 of power stage 458 control inductor circuits 430,440 is to obtain desirable voltage curve.As mentioned above, the use interleaved inductor circuits has reduced the voltage fluctuation on the load 420.
Exemplary voltage curve for causing shown in Fig. 8 by above-mentioned discharge control voltage-regulation.When charging fully, ultracapacitor power module is applied to load, and voltage is initially 100% of power model rated value.With the class of a curve shown in Fig. 1 and 5 seemingly, after being inserted, from the output voltage of power model begin to descend (section A) by load.In case the voltage from power model reaches threshold voltage levels, above-mentioned discharge control voltage-regulation begins.The predictable desirable voltage curve of case representation shown in Fig. 8.In this point, discharge is controlled to provide the constant-slope of voltage on the load to descend.Voltage when section D represents to discharge regulating and controlling, the output voltage of (same as shown in Figure 1) when section B represents not regulate.Therefore, acceptable voltage level up duration section significantly increases, and predictable voltage curve is provided simultaneously.In one embodiment, discharge curve when reach the prediction of specific voltage can 10% or littler accuracy and predicted, for example, when a section D drops to below the minimum rated voltage.In one embodiment, predicted to the accuracy that the appearance of the following decline of a certain minimum voltage can about 1%, for example, the embodiment that can expect energy storage system described herein provides the voltage that was higher than certain minimum voltage in 10 hours, in fact, any moment between 9.9 to 10.1 hours can reach such minimum voltage.
Correspondingly, the embodiment disclosed herein provides a kind of energy source, and the duration and the predictable voltage curve of the voltage that provides of short recharge time, prolongation are provided for it.The rechargeable energy source that has predictability on the discharge performance allow with mode timely along the specified point of discharge curve or before adopt remedial measures.During load therein can comprise that the hybrid automobile of electric notor is used, this predictability will help to determine to switch to from the capacitor power source another power source will need time of taking place, for example, fuel cell (fuel cell) or internal combustion engine are with the time of needs generation.Because can obtain switching time with more predictable mode, can be extended from operation based on the hybrid vehicle of the power source of capacitor, therefore before switching to another power source, increased the vehicle operating scope.
Though particular system that illustrates and describe in detail and method can reach above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage fully herein, be appreciated that the description of introducing herein and scheme to represent some rather than whole contemplated embodiments.A those of ordinary skill in the art be it is evident that to carry out many changes and do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.For example, resistor-capacitor, inductor and diode values can vary depending on the application, and can be selected by those skilled in the art under the situation of unsuitable test not having.Can imagine that equally one or more element disclosed herein can implement with analog form or digital form, comprise as PLD, firmware and/or software and realizing.So, the present invention be not subjected to except according to claims and of equal value restriction.
Claims (27)
1. one kind for load provides the system of power, comprising:
Module comprises that at least one is suitable for the capacitor of stored energy and discharge, and this module provides output voltage when described capacitor discharges; And
Adjuster is used to regulate the output voltage of this module, and this adjuster comprises the charge/discharge control circuit that is suitable for providing predetermined voltage profile on the load, and this curve is the function of the current voltage of this module.
2. according to the system of claim 1, wherein said charge/discharge control circuit comprises the voltage that is used on the more described load and the comparator of reference voltage, and the power stage that is used for controlling based on described comparator output described adjuster.
3. according to the system of claim 1, wherein said adjuster is suitable for dropping to predetermined threshold at output voltage and improves output voltage when following.
4. according to the system of claim 1, wherein said adjuster is suitable for output voltage is risen to voltage in the preset range.
5. according to the energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said adjuster comprises at least one inductor circuit.
6. according to the system of claim 5, wherein said adjuster comprises two or more interleaved inductor circuits.
7. according to the system of claim 6, wherein each described interleaved inductor circuits comprises switch and inductor, and wherein said switch is suitable for optionally closed and disconnected, thus optionally in described inductor stored energy and discharge give described load.
8. according to the system of claim 7, wherein said switch is controlled by described charge/discharge control circuit.
9. according to the system of claim 6, wherein each described interleaved inductor circuits is suitable for optionally making electric current to pass through to load and the described load of bypass.
10. the energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said capacitor comprises ultra-capacitor.
11. the system of claim 1, wherein said system comprises back up power system.
12. the system of claim 1, wherein said system comprises automotive system.
13. the adjuster circuit of the output of a ultra-capacitor power source that is used to regulate powering load comprises:
Inductor circuit has at least one inductor;
Switching device is used for optionally disconnecting and gives described load with closed described inductor circuit with discharge optionally and in described inductor stored energy; And
The discharge regulating circuit is suitable for the control output voltage curve, and this discharge regulating circuit monitors controls described switching device from the current voltage of described power source and in response to described current voltage.
14. the adjuster circuit of the output of a ultra-capacitor power source that is used to regulate powering load comprises:
Two or more interleaved inductor circuits, each inductor circuit has at least one inductor;
Switching device is used for optionally disconnecting and closed each described inductor circuit, gives described load and stored energy in described inductor optionally to discharge; And
The discharge regulating circuit is suitable for the control output voltage curve, and this discharge regulating circuit monitors controls described switching device from the current voltage of described power source and in response to described current voltage.
15. one kind in one or more ultra-capacitors stored energy and discharge give the method for load, may further comprise the steps:
Monitor the current voltage of one or more ultra-capacitors; And
Provide voltage curve on the load according to described current voltage.
16. the method for claim 15 may further comprise the steps:
Functionally one or more inductors are coupled to described one or more ultra-capacitor; And
Optionally discharge from inductor to load.
17. the method for claim 15, the time that wherein reaches certain voltage can or better be predicted generation in the accuracy 10%.
18. the method for claim 15, the time that wherein reaches certain voltage can or better be predicted generation in the accuracy 1%.
19. one kind for load provides the system of energy, comprising:
At least one ultra-capacitor;
At least one inductor with described inductor series coupled; And
Circuit, in this circuit, at least one ultra-capacitor and the coupling of at least one being operated property of inductor ground are to provide the voltage curve on the load.
20. the system of claim 19, wherein said load is an electric notor.
21. the system of claim 20, wherein said motor is the hybrid vehicle electric notor.
22. the system of claim 19, wherein in any preset time, described voltage curve with 10% or better accuracy the discharge curve of described system is described.
23. the system of claim 19, wherein in any preset time, described voltage curve is described the discharge curve of described system with about 1% accuracy.
24. the system of claim 20, wherein said inductor is rated the electric current of at least 50 amperes of processing.
25. the system of claim 20, wherein for more than 30 seconds, the source can provide energy up to 144,000 joules for load.
26. the system of claim 20, wherein said energy source is a back up source of energy.
27. the system of claim 20, wherein said at least one ultra-capacitor and described at least one inductor are connected directly.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50905503P | 2003-06-27 | 2003-06-27 | |
| US60/509,055 | 2003-06-27 | ||
| US10/875,634 | 2004-06-24 |
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| CN1813387A true CN1813387A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
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| CN 200480018224 Pending CN1813387A (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2004-06-25 | Energy storage system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104137207A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-11-05 | 英特尔公司 | Ultra-capacitor based energy storage in a battery form factor |
| CN106455721A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-02-22 | 富特姆4有限公司 | Method, system and device for controlling charging of batteries in electronic cigarettes |
| CN112515692A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 通用电气精准医疗有限责任公司 | System and method for powering an imaging system |
-
2004
- 2004-06-25 CN CN 200480018224 patent/CN1813387A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104137207A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-11-05 | 英特尔公司 | Ultra-capacitor based energy storage in a battery form factor |
| CN110838599A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2020-02-25 | 英特尔公司 | Ultracapacitor-based energy storage with battery form factor |
| CN106455721A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-02-22 | 富特姆4有限公司 | Method, system and device for controlling charging of batteries in electronic cigarettes |
| CN106455721B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2019-09-24 | 富特姆4有限公司 | For controlling the mthods, systems and devices of the charging of the battery in electronic cigarette |
| US10873189B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 | 2020-12-22 | Fontem Holdings 4 B.V. | Method, system and device for controlling charging of batteries in electronic cigarettes |
| CN112515692A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 通用电气精准医疗有限责任公司 | System and method for powering an imaging system |
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