CN1813159B - 用于太阳能反射器系统的托架和驱动装置 - Google Patents

用于太阳能反射器系统的托架和驱动装置 Download PDF

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CN1813159B
CN1813159B CN2004800184599A CN200480018459A CN1813159B CN 1813159 B CN1813159 B CN 1813159B CN 2004800184599 A CN2004800184599 A CN 2004800184599A CN 200480018459 A CN200480018459 A CN 200480018459A CN 1813159 B CN1813159 B CN 1813159B
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彼得·莱利弗
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

本发明揭示了用于太阳能反射系统的托架和驱动装置。该装置包括:a)托架构造(10),其具有支撑反射部件(11)的平台(12);框架部分(13),其包括环形端构件(14),平台在其间伸展,和支撑构件(18),其通过端构件支撑框架部分,并且关于旋转轴调节旋转托架构造,旋转轴与平台支撑的反射器部件的纵轴基本上重合;和b)驱动系统,其结合电动机通过环形端构件(14)单向旋转驱动托架构造。

Description

用于太阳能反射器系统的托架和驱动装置 
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能反射器系统的托架和驱动装置,其用于把入射辐射反射到太阳能采集系统。 
背景技术
各种太阳能反射器-采集器系统已被开发来利用太阳能辐射,其入射区域范围的大小从5×101平方米(m2)到25×106平方米(m2)。对此可参考1996年3月28日和1997年12月19日公告的澳大利亚专利第694335号和第724486号所披露的采集器系统。 
早期已知的最相关的反射器-采集器系统,包括披露在上述参考专利中的那些系统,采用一定范围的反射器,该反射器受到驱动以跟踪太阳(相对于地球)的运动,并取向为将入射的辐射反射到远端的、升高的采集器系统。在披露于澳大利亚专利第694335号中的系统的情况下,至少一些反射器安装和布置成以这样的方式驱动,使得它们的取向可以改变,以将反射的辐射的方向从一个采集器系统移动到另一个采集器系统。 
本发明是基于对这样一种托架需求的认识而研制出来的:该托架适合于用在支撑反射器系统中的反射器部件,同时也提供了便利的来自于驱动电动机的太阳跟踪动力的传输。 
发明内容
概括地定义,本发明提供用于太阳能反射系统的托架和驱动装置,包括: 
a)托架构造,具有 
i)支撑反射器部件的平台, 
ii)框架部分,其包括环形端构件,该平台伸展在其间,和 
iii)支撑构件,其通过该端构件支撑该框架部分,并且适合于关于旋转轴旋转该托架构造,该旋转轴与该反射器部件在被平台支撑时的纵轴基本上重合;和 
b)驱动系统,其结合电动机将旋转驱动传给该托架构造。 
在本发明的一个实施例中,托架构造可以某种方式由支撑构件承载,即其适合于托架构造关于旋转轴的单向旋转,该旋转轴同反射部件的纵轴基本上重合。“基本上重合”意指该旋转轴定位重合于或接近于反射器部件的纵轴。 
依照本发明的一个实施例,结合电动机的驱动系统可以配置将单向旋转驱动传给托架构造。通过提供这样的单向驱动,避免了对于伴随反冲和其他问题的可逆电动机或旋转机构的传统需求。同时,通过应用这样的驱动系统,在转动(旋转)该托架构造每24小时周期转动360度的过程中,该托架构造可以被置于一个选定的、反射器部件朝着下方的角度位置,以保护它抵御不良的周围环境条件。此外,在每24小时周期内的任何时间,托架构造带同反射器部件可以临时旋转到选定的角度位置,指向脱离潜在的危险天气条件的方向。 
同样,根据本发明的一个实施例,通过托架构造的框架部分的仅一个环形端构件,驱动系统可以将单向驱动传到托架构造。 
根据本发明的一个实施例,用于反射器部件的平台包括可以包括带有凹槽或波纹的金属板,该凹槽或波纹形成平台的加强部件。在这种情形下,反射器部件将被支撑在凹槽或波纹的顶部上。此外,尽管凹槽或波纹可以沿着与该反射器部件的纵轴相交的方向延伸,但是该凹槽或波纹最好是沿着平行于该反射部件的纵轴。 
同时,尽管平台可以形成为平面或平台形成为凹槽或波纹的顶端位于平面上,但是平台最好是在垂直于反射器部件纵轴的方向凹型弯曲。 
托架构造的框架构造可以包括具有环形端构件的骨架框架构造,环形端构件绕着该托架构造的旋转轴伸展,平台在环形端构件之间延伸。 
通过环形端构件支撑托架构造的支撑构件可包括分隔开的支撑辊。最好是这些辊被设定大小,或者布置成在相应的端构件的槽形区域内寻迹。 
根据本发明的一个实施例,用于驱动托架构造的驱动系统可以与至少一个环状端构件连接,它最好是结合一个扁节链(link chain),伸展围绕并固定在端构件上,有效地形成齿轮。在后面的实例中,将提供链轮(sprocket)啮合扁节链,并从电动机实施驱动到端构件。通过这种驱动装置,可以采用相对较便宜的电动机,配有适当大小的托架构造的端构件,驱动速度大大减 低,而获得的扭矩传输相应的增加。 
反射器部件可以包括单板玻璃镜片或反射金属板,但是理想地其包括多个正方形或矩形玻璃镜片,这些镜片边缘相接地安装在支撑平台上。在这种情形下,背面,即镜片的镀银表面通过用硅树脂或其他适当的密封剂封闭四周的缝隙和间隔进行保护,以抵御不利的周围环境。如上所述,当用于反射器部件的平台被弯曲成凹型,反射器部件将以这样的方式固定在平台上,以便凹型传输到反射器部件的反射表面。 
本发明的托架构造和驱动系统可以实现在各种装置中,通过举例的方式,现在对其中之一,参照附图加以描述。在完整的反射器系统的上下文中描述托架构造和驱动系统。 
附图说明
在附图中: 
图1表示带有托架构造的反射器系统的示意图,该系统旋转到有角度的位置,在该位置反射器部件沿着向上的方向反射; 
图2表示同一个反射器系统的示意图,但是所带的托架旋转180度暴露在平台下面,以及反射器部件的骨架框架构造; 
图3以放大的比例表示端构件的局部和反射器系统的驱动系统; 
图4同样以放大的比例表示端构件的局部和用于反射器系统的相应固定装置。 
具体实施方式
如图所示,所举实施例的反射器系统包括托架构造10,其安装有反射器部件11。托架构造本身包括由骨架框架构造支撑的、长的板状平台12。框架构造包括2个环形端构件14。 
构件14关于旋转轴对中并绕旋转轴延伸,该旋转轴近似地同反射器部件11的中心纵向伸展的轴相重合。该旋转轴不需要精确地同反射器部件的纵轴重合,但是理想地二个轴间至少要相互基本上接近。 
依照反射器系统的总尺寸,平台12大约是12米长,端构件14的直径大约是2米。 
平台12包括波形的金属板和支撑在波纹顶端的反射部件11。波纹伸展 平行于反射部件11的纵轴方向,平台12由骨架框架构造13的六个横向框架构件15支撑。两个端部的横向框架15有效地包括环形端构件14的径向构件。 
横向框架构件15包括具有矩形空心截面的钢构件,每个构件形成了曲线,以便当平台12被固定到框架构件15时,平台在与反射器部件11纵向轴相垂直的方向成为凹型面(如图1所示)。当被固定在平台12时,相同的凹型传递到反射器部件11。 
横向框架构件15的半径的范围是20到50米,优选为大约38米。 
托架构造10的骨架框架13还包括矩形空心部分的钢脊骨构件16,它同端构件14相互连接;用管形钢支柱17制造的空间框架(space frame),它连接每个横向框架构件15的相对端区域到该脊骨构件16。这个骨架框架的排列与平台12的波纹构造共同提供带有高扭转刚度的组合托架构造10。 
环形端构件14用槽钢制成,因而每个端构件带有U-型圆周部分,如图4所示,每个构件14被支撑以便在安装装置上旋转,该安装装置包含两个分隔开的辊18。辊18定位寻迹在各自的端构件14的槽形之内,辊18提供了托架构造10围绕与反射器部件11的纵轴近似重合的旋转轴的旋转(例如,转动)。 
还如图4所示,位于紧邻支撑辊18位置的限制辊18a,定位在相关联的端构件14内,防止反射器系统在不利的天气条件下提升。 
如图3所示,驱动系统用于实施单向驱动托架10,因而,驱动反射器部件11。驱动系统包括屏蔽磁极式或其它类似的非可逆电动机19,它的从动轴通过减速齿轮21连接到链轮20。链轮20啮合到扁节链22,通过它把传动力引导到托架构造10。 
扁节链22伸展围绕并固定在端构造14之一的槽形外壁23的周缘上。即扁节链22有效地附着在端构造上构成齿轮形式,同链轮20啮合。 
由于端构造14直径大约为2.00米量级,而链轮20具有节距圆直径(pitch circle diameter)0.05米,获得的减速齿轮和转矩放大约为(40r)∶1,这里“r”是通过在电动机19的输出齿轮获得的减速比。 
反射部件11通过把5块玻璃镜片平接在一起而形成,每块镜片大小为1.8米×2.4米。硅树脂密封剂用来密封镜片周围和之间的间隙,使得大气损害到镜片镀银背面的可能性减到最小,镜片通过聚氨脂(urethane)黏合剂固定到平台12的顶部。 
镜片具有0.003米的厚度,这样,它们可以容易的在原位置弯曲以匹配支撑平台12的曲率。 
取决于需要,上述两个或多个反射器系统可以线性地设置成一行,并通过相邻的环形端构件14逐个连接到一起。以这样的排列,单驱动系统可以单向驱动到一整行的反射器系统。 
对于如上通过范例的方式所描述的托架构造所做的变化或修改,都不脱离所附权利要求的范围。 

Claims (16)

1.一种用于太阳能反射器系统的托架和驱动装置,包括:
a)托架构造,具有
i)支撑反射器部件的平台,所述平台包括横向框架构件,并且所述平台以垂直于该反射器部件在被平台支撑时的纵轴的方向弯曲成凹型,
ii)框架部分,其包括环形端构件,该平台伸展在其间,所述框架部分包括空间框架和脊骨构件,所述空间框架由管状钢支柱制成,并且所述空间框架连接每个横向框架构件的相对端区域到脊骨构件,和
iii)支撑构件,其通过该环形端构件支撑该框架部分,并且适合于关于旋转轴旋转该托架构造,该旋转轴与该反射器部件在被平台支撑时的纵轴基本上重合;和
b)驱动系统,其结合电动机将旋转驱动传给该托架构造。
2.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该驱动系统设置成通过该环形端构件之一将单向旋转驱动传给托架构造。
3.如权利要求2所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该驱动系统包括:
a)扁节链,伸展围绕并固定到环形端构件上,以有效地形成一个齿轮;和
b)链轮,其从该电动机向该扁节链传输动力;
4.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该平台包括形成有波纹形式的加强部件的板状平台,并且在该波纹的该顶端支撑该反射器部件。
5.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该平台包括形成有凹槽形式的加强部件的板状平台,并且在该凹槽的该顶端支撑该反射器部件。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该加强部件沿着平行于该反射器部件的该纵轴方向延伸。
7.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该平台弯曲的曲率半径在20至50米的范围内。
8.如权利要求7所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该反射器部件以这样的方式固定在该平台上,以便该平台的该弯曲传给该反射器部件。
9.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该反射器部件包括板状玻璃镜。
10.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该反射器部件包括多个边缘相接的玻璃镜。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该反射部件粘结到该平台上。
12.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中每个该环形端构件具有槽形截面的圆周部分和径向延伸构件,该径向延伸构件由该平台的横向框架构件之一组成。
13.如权利要求12所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该支撑构件包括分隔开的支撑辊,其寻迹在相关联的该环形端构件的该圆周部分之内。
14.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中每个该环形端构件具有径向延伸构件,该径向延伸构件由该平台的横向框架构件之一组成。
15.如权利要求14所述的托架和驱动装置,其中所述脊骨构件与所述环形端构件相互连接。
16.如权利要求1所述的托架和驱动装置,其中该支撑构件还包括防止环形端构件提升的限制辊。
CN2004800184599A 2003-07-01 2004-07-01 用于太阳能反射器系统的托架和驱动装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1813159B (zh)

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WO2005003646A1 (en) 2005-01-13
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