CN1811360A - Adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector - Google Patents

Adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1811360A
CN1811360A CN 200610010706 CN200610010706A CN1811360A CN 1811360 A CN1811360 A CN 1811360A CN 200610010706 CN200610010706 CN 200610010706 CN 200610010706 A CN200610010706 A CN 200610010706A CN 1811360 A CN1811360 A CN 1811360A
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temperature
detector
working temperature
blackbody
correction parameter
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刘传明
吴诚
苏俊波
苏兰
陈吕吉
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Kunming Institute of Physics
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Kunming Institute of Physics
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a staring infrared focal plane detector adaptive non-uniformity correction method. It is characterized by that it uses the parameters of three fields of environmental temperature, prestored several parameter matrixes and image matrix obtained by detector as calculation basis of compensation algorithm, makes the preset correction parameters under the different working conditions and image matrix actually collected by detector undergo the process of algorithm iteration and utilizes the calculated result to adaptively correct current correction parameter matrix of detector.

Description

Adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector
One, technical field
The present invention relates to be used to stare the Nonuniformity Correction of infrared focus plane thermal imaging system and the method and the relevant apparatus of performance optimization, is a kind of technology of staring the infrared focus plane thermal imaging system that is mainly used in.
Two, background technology
The infrared focus planardetector of staring is owing to the reason on the manufacturing process, all has fixing heterogeneity noise, this heterogeneity noise shows as and has fixing irregular light and shade shading on the image, this shading that image exists has strong interference to human eye, handle if do not carry out the later stage Nonuniformity Correction, even can cause the infrared system can't operate as normal.Simultaneously, the infrared focus planardetector of staring also has the characteristics that characterisitic parameter sharply drifts about and changes with working temperature, in order to solve the image deterioration that infrared parameter drift problem of staring focus planardetector causes, the method that generally addresses this problem be to use in the machine movably reference blackbody with the light path temporarily shielding as correction reference, to the collection of the corresponding signal of detector and calculate and to obtain corresponding corrected parameter, adopt this parameter to address this problem substantially by circuit.But because the use occasion that has requires the volume of very miniaturization, can't install this reference blackbody and light path guard mechanism additional, cause the infrared focus planardetector of staring after parameter drift, can't carry out parameter and calibrate action again, deterioration in image quality, even can normally not use under the serious situation, this has just limited stares the focal plane thermal imaging system and can't use in some specific occasions.
China Patent No. 01139289.4 described method belongs to light path and blocks a kind of in the scheme, need provide reference blackbody to demarcate to solve infrared problem of staring the focus planardetector parameter drift during on-the-spot the use; In addition detector is had specific (special) requirements, promptly detector needs to adjust integral time, and the detector of a lot of non-refrigeration types adjusting function when not possessing detector integrates can't satisfy the pacing items that this patent is used.
Three, summary of the invention
In order effectively to improve the performance of thermal infrared imager, solve the application difficult problem of gazing type thermal imaging system in miniaturization subminiaturization system, the present invention proposes a kind of adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector, it is based on environment temperature, the parameter of image array three aspects that obtain of Cun Chu a plurality of parameter matrixs and the detector basis of algorithm by way of compensation in advance, to under the different operating state preset correction parameter and detector actual acquisition to image array carry out algorithm iteration, according to result of calculation the current correction parameter matrix of detector is carried out the self-adaptation correction.
The present invention is directed to correction work parameter that prior art exists and under the different operating environment, need the defective of periodically calibrating, proposed the brand-new technology scheme and implemented theoretical, need not to provide reference blackbody in on-the-spot the use, solved this contradiction and effectively strengthened picture quality by self-adaptation adjustment parameter, do not have special requirement to surveying utensil, application conditions is more extensive.
For achieving the above object, the inventive method comprises following steps:
A kind of adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) provide a series of blackbody equivalent temperatures different even blackbody radiation sources, temperature range covers whole temperature range,
(2) change detector working temperature and measure current detector working temperature,
(3) gather the response of detector, and will store in all data that collect input data storage devices the high low temperature blackbody radiation source under a series of different temperature points,
(4) do the calculating of correction parameter according to the explorer response data under working temperature and a series of different temperature points and obtain correction parameter matrix under a plurality of corresponding different operating temperature, and each correction parameter matrix is stored,
(5) during on-the-spot the use,, corresponding correction parameter matrix read carries out the correction parameter that the self-adaptation correction obtains corresponding current goal according to target average background temperature and detector working temperature,
(6) data processing equipment carries out data behind Nonuniformity Correction and the output calibration.
Above-mentioned a series of different even blackbody radiation source is:
(1) determine minimum operating temperature as the initial working temperature point that presets,
(2) increase working temperature according to a fixed step size and determine that up to maximum operating temperature other preset the working temperature point,
(3) working temperature of determining according to above two steps that respectively presets increases and reduces by a fixed temperature value and preset the high temperature blackbody equivalent temperature and the low temperature blackbody equivalent temperature of working temperature point as this.
Above-mentioned collection detector is meant the response and the storage of the high low temperature blackbody radiation source under a series of different temperature points:
(1) determine the initial working temperature of detector,
(2) determine low temperature blackbody equivalent temperature value and set blackbody radiation source according to working temperature,
(3) gather the response of detector, store in the data that the collect input data storage device the radiation of this blackbody radiation source that configures,
(4) determine high temperature blackbody equivalent temperature value and set blackbody radiation source according to working temperature,
(5) repeated for (3) step,
(6) determine next detector working temperature value,
(7) repeat the explorer response data of (2)-(6) step up to the high low temperature blackbody radiation source correspondence that obtains all working temperature spot.
A kind of device that is used for adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector comprises blackbody radiation source, infrared optical system, detector working temperature deriving means, signal pickup assembly, data storage device and data processing equipment.It is characterized in that:
Described blackbody radiation source only presets to demarcate as detector and uses.
Described data processing equipment, carry out interative computation by correction parameter matrix and obtain correction parameter, and adopt this correction parameter to carry out the Nonuniformity Correction of real image based on current goal and detector working temperature to target background temperature, detector working temperature and corresponding detector working temperature.
Concrete enforcement algorithm is as follows:
At first obtain a plurality of parameter matrixs of corresponding a plurality of temperature spots, (this matrix must be pre-stored in thermal imaging system inside before thermal imaging system dispatches from the factory):
(1) when blackbody temperature T1, the response that records each unit of detector.Gather the view data of M frame, the response of m frame ij unit is X T1 Ijm,
X wherein T1 Ij=∑ X T1 Ijm/ M is the response of unit in the T1 temperature.
(2) when blackbody temperature T2, record the response X of each unit of detector T2 Ij
(3) calculate the correction coefficient of each unit.
Under the situation of considering dynamic range, be T1 and two normal response value Y of T2 appointment T1, Y T2These two values can be specified arbitrarily in theory, but because the fixed point numerical representation is limited in scope, will consider the responding range of detector simultaneously, and the value of appointment will satisfy this two restrictions simultaneously.Then, calculate the correction coefficient of each unit.
Y T1=G ijX T1 ij+O ij
Y T2=G ijX T2 ij+O ij
Can calculate coefficient according to equation:
G ij=Y T2-Y T1/X T2 ij-X T1 ij
O ij=Y T1-G ijX T1 ij
As the correction parameter matrix of corresponding T1 temperature to the T2 temperature.
Actual dispatching from the factory when calibrating got a plurality of point of fixity to a plurality of environment temperatures and carried out repetitive operation, can obtain the correction parameter array of corresponding a plurality of temperature ranges.
During thermal imaging system work, at first the detector working point is adjusted,, chosen the immediate detector running parameter table that presets the workspace correspondence basic configuration is carried out in the detector working point according to environment temperature.
Because the homogeneity parameter of detector changes along with the variation of working temperature, so the parameter that is used to proofread and correct, i.e. G thereupon IjAnd O IjAlso need to change thereupon.That summarizes says,
Under the T1 situation, correction parameter G is arranged Ij T1And O Ij T1
Under the T2 situation, correction parameter G is arranged Ij T2And O Ij T2
Target image is sampled and used standard Nonuniformity Correction algorithm to carry out computing, the image array I after can obtaining proofreading and correct.If Imax=MAX[I], Imin=MIN[I], Iavg=AVG[I], Imax wherein, Imin, Iavg are respectively the maximal value of image array pixel, minimum value and mean value.
The conclusion (of pressure testing) of substantially linear among a small circle under the temperature between temperature T 1 and the T2, is carried out linear interpolation to correction parameter according to homogeneity parameter and temperature change in net
Correction parameter G Ij T=[G Ij T1+ (G Ij T2-G Ij T1) (T-T1)/(T2-T1)] * [(Imax-Imin)/γ]
Correction parameter O Ij T=[O Ij T1+ (O Ij T2-O Ij T1) (T-T1)/(T2-T1)]+[δ-Iavg]
The correction parameter of inscribing during as temperature T.γ, δ are empirical constant in the formula, with system design different spans are arranged for every kind of different detector.
Consider the correlativity of sequential frame image, the parameter that can use the previous frame image to obtain is carried out the Nonuniformity Correction processing to the next frame image, and every frame all carries out the calculating of this algorithm, approaches optimization Nonuniformity Correction parameter matrix one by one.
Prove by practical application: image comparison did not adopt the image of this method that qualitative leap has been arranged originally, stable image quality has improved (5 minutes more than->1 hour) more than 10 times than originally, solved the problem of thermal imaging system periodic calibration, effect is especially obvious under rugged surroundings.Effectively expanded the range of application of thermal infrared imager.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the prefabricated process of correction parameter of the present invention.
Thermal imaging system Nonuniformity Correction flow process theory diagram when Fig. 2 is on-the-spot the use.
Five, embodiment
Further specify in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, as shown in Figure 1: at first, whole system is inserted in the casing of temperature control, and the blackbody equivalent temperature of blackbody radiation source can change.The infrared radiation that sends of blackbody radiation source arrives the infrared focus planardetector of staring by infrared optical system, use detector working temperature deriving means to measure the detector working temperature, use signal pickup assembly gather infrared stare focus planardetector under even blackbody radiation of the low temperature of different operating temperature spot and the even blackbody radiation of high temperature response and deposit data in data storage device, working temperature that data processing equipment obtains according to deriving means and the infrared focus planardetector response data of staring under the different temperature points, do the calculating of correction parameter and obtain correction parameter matrix under a plurality of corresponding different operating temperature, and each correction parameter matrix is deposited in the data storage device.When using at the scene, this parameter need from nonvolatile memory, access.
During on-the-spot the use, as shown in Figure 2, the infrared radiation of object scene arrives the infrared focus planardetector of staring by infrared optical system, the collection of use signal pickup assembly is infrared stares the corresponding signal of focus planardetector and gives data processing equipment with data, data processing equipment combining target average background temperature (by the detector actual acquisition to data obtain) and the working temperature that obtains of deriving means, read and carry out the correction parameter matrix that the self-adaptation correction obtains corresponding current goal being stored in correction parameter matrix in the data storage device in advance, and carry out view data behind Nonuniformity Correction and the output calibration with the original probe output data that this correction parameter matrix collects in real time to signal pickup assembly.
This method practical engineering application is in thermal infrared imager, owing to will satisfy the requirement of real-time calculating, and calculated amount and calculating strength are very big, adopt FPGA to cooperate the scheme of DSP or RISC controller to implement and finish than being easier to, in the corresponding hardware design FPGA mainly finish intensive computing and high speed input and output etc. in real time, the task of intensive; The auxiliary flow process control of finishing complex state machine of DSP or RISC, Based Intelligent Control tasks such as data flow con-trol.Whole system can be applied in most application platforms and civil equipment based on the gazing type thermal imaging system.
One embodiment of the present of invention are as follows:
Adopt the infrared thermal imagery system of 320 * 240 yuan of non-refrigeration long wave of ASi focus planardetectors, infrared optical system focal length 50mm, the relative clear aperture F of optics number=1.Data storage device comprises non-volatile memory subsystem and fast processing storage subsystem, adopts the 29GL512N of AMD and the IDT71V65603 of IDT company to realize respectively.Detector working temperature deriving means adopts the LM71 type digital temperature sensor of National Semiconductor to cooperate associated components to realize.The kernal hardware of data processing equipment is realized by inside programming by 1,000,000 FPGA XC2V10004FG456 of XILINX company, because the heterogeneity parameter adaptive adjustment during on-the-spot use the and the Nonuniformity Correction of view data have more intense real-time requirement, use this FPGA realization of programming accordingly.This device is mainly realized real-time Nonuniformity Correction algorithm and signal controlling, in order to realize the complicated algorithm of control of complete machine treatment scheme and heterogeneity preset parameter, because initialization process does not need very strong real-time, adopt the TMS5009 DSP of TI company to realize this function.
During preset parameter, whole system is inserted the environmental test high-low temperature chamber, and high-low temperature chamber inserted simultaneously in the black matrix of variable temperature, over against the system optics entrance pupil.Get-40 ℃ ,-20 ℃, 0 ℃, 20 ℃, 40 ℃, 60 ℃ six temperature spots, high-low temperature chamber is set respectively is stabilized on this temperature.With blackbody temperature each temperature spot corresponding be adjusted into temperature spot ± 8 ℃, promptly be adjusted into-48 ℃ ,-32 ℃ ,-28 ℃ ,-12 ℃ ,-8 ℃, 8 ℃, 12 ℃, 28 ℃, 32 ℃, 48 ℃, 52 ℃, 68 ℃ respectively.Control thermal imagery system is with corresponding parameter acquisition, calculation correction parameter matrix and store the non-volatile memory subsystem of corresponding temperature point into.
During real work, system works is at first measured the detector working temperature, and call suitable correction parameter matrix according to this temperature, and gather destination image data, go out suitable correction parameter matrix and carry out the Nonuniformity Correction of detector output data according to this matrix according to algorithm computation.
Test result shows, adopt this bearing calibration after, the heterogeneity of imaging system never adopts 70% of this method to be reduced to 0.5%, further calculates emulation and shows, if preset temperature o'clock can be increased to 24 by 6, heterogeneity will be reduced to 0.2%.Utilize actual acquired data to carry out analog simulation and show,, can optimize the machine system performance greatly if, the heterogeneity 0.2% of only using the reference blackbody scheme to reach can be reduced to 0.03% having this method of application on the scheme of reference blackbody.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) provide a series of blackbody equivalent temperatures different even blackbody radiation sources, temperature range covers whole temperature range,
(2) change detector working temperature and measure current detector working temperature,
(3) gather the response of detector, and will store in all data that collect input data storage devices the high low temperature blackbody radiation source under a series of different temperature points,
(4) do the calculating of correction parameter according to the explorer response data under working temperature and a series of different temperature points and obtain correction parameter matrix under a plurality of corresponding different operating temperature, and each correction parameter matrix is stored,
(5) during on-the-spot the use,, corresponding correction parameter matrix read carries out the correction parameter that the self-adaptation correction obtains corresponding current goal according to target average background temperature and detector working temperature,
(6) data processing equipment carries out data behind Nonuniformity Correction and the output calibration.
2, adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described a series of different even blackbody radiation sources are:
(1) determine minimum operating temperature as the initial working temperature point that presets,
(2) increase working temperature according to a fixed step size and determine that up to maximum operating temperature other preset the working temperature point,
(3) working temperature of determining according to above two steps that respectively presets increases and reduces by a fixed temperature value and preset the high temperature blackbody equivalent temperature and the low temperature blackbody equivalent temperature of working temperature point as this.
3, adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the collection detector is meant the response and the storage of the high low temperature blackbody radiation source under a series of different temperature points:
(1) determine the initial working temperature of detector,
(2) determine low temperature blackbody equivalent temperature value and set blackbody radiation source according to working temperature,
(3) gather the response of detector, store in the data that the collect input data storage device the radiation of this blackbody radiation source that configures,
(4) determine high temperature blackbody equivalent temperature value and set blackbody radiation source according to working temperature,
(5) repeated for (3) step,
(6) determine next detector working temperature value,
(7) repeat the explorer response data of (2)-(6) step up to the high low temperature blackbody radiation source correspondence that obtains all working temperature spot.
4, a kind of device that is used for adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector comprises blackbody radiation source, infrared optical system, detector working temperature deriving means, signal pickup assembly, data storage device and data processing equipment,
It is characterized in that:
Described blackbody radiation source only presets demarcation usefulness as detector,
Described data processing equipment, carry out interative computation by correction parameter matrix and obtain correction parameter, and adopt this correction parameter to carry out the Nonuniformity Correction of real image based on current goal and detector working temperature to target background temperature, detector working temperature and corresponding detector working temperature.
CN 200610010706 2006-02-24 2006-02-24 Adaptive non-uniform correcting method for stare infrared focal plane detector Pending CN1811360A (en)

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