CN1810415A - Screw making process - Google Patents
Screw making process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1810415A CN1810415A CN 200510043109 CN200510043109A CN1810415A CN 1810415 A CN1810415 A CN 1810415A CN 200510043109 CN200510043109 CN 200510043109 CN 200510043109 A CN200510043109 A CN 200510043109A CN 1810415 A CN1810415 A CN 1810415A
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of new casting technology, and is especially large screw casting process. The casting process includes making plastic foam mold, brushing proper paint and drying, setting plastic foam mold into sand box, filling dry sand, densifying, covering with plastic film, casting while extracting gas produced in gasifying the plastic foam mold to form required screw in the space the plastic foam mold occupied originally, and taking the casting after cooling. The present invention also provides methods of making the disappeared molds. The present invention makes it possible to make screw in reasonable structure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery manufacturing technology field, particularly a kind of new technology of casting spiral.
Background technology
Spiral be the transmission, extrude with drilling equipment in critical component.The structure of spiral as shown in Figure 1, its formation mainly contains axle 1-1 and twines thereon flight 1-2.Spiral generally can be divided into the transmission spiral, extrude spiral and probing spiral.The general helical blade thickness t≤6mm of transmission spiral extrudes the general t 〉=6mm of spiral helical blade thickness, uses spiral for probing, and the vane thickness Size Distribution is wider.Spiral can left-handed, dextrorotation according to the instructions for use rotation direction.Spiral can be uniform pitch, varying pitch; Can be divided into cylindrical screw, trochoid spiral again.The general manufacture method of spiral is a welding---soon helical blade 1-2 is welded on the axle 1-1 and through machining and forms.The difficult point of spiral manufacturing is the shaping of helical blade.
At present the forming technology of helical blade mainly contains two kinds of monolithic moulding process and continuous forming process.The monolithic forming technology comprises the pull-shaped method of monolithic, manual form cutting, mould pressure shape method again.Progressive forming technology comprises the pull-shaped method of combination, winding shaping method, extruding formation method, rolling and shaping method again.
Progressive forming technology is that a kind of high-efficiency helical blade forming technology, particularly rolling and shaping method are a kind of advanced technologies in the world today.But consult the helical blade that relevant document progressive forming technology can only forming thickness t≤5mm.All adopt the monolithic forming technology for thickness t 〉=6mm helical blade.Now the monolithic forming technology is described below:
On the steel plate of corresponding material and thickness, cut out as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 helical blade blank according to the requirement of spiral, and with endoporus car light.Use the pull-shaped mould of monolithic that blank is pulled into spirality and Bian Labian school then.Manual form cutting and this method are similar.The die forming method is to use special die on press blade blank to be pressed into spirality.Spiral after the shaping can be at spiral outer rim coating wearing layer (WC etc.) according to the applying working condition of spiral.
Need a plurality of helical blade blanks to pull into spirality when spiral is longer and be welded on the axle, per two helical blade joints need welded together.Blade is shaped and each manufacturer of assurance weld strength all uses low carbon steel plate to make helical blade in order to be easy to.Its defective of this welding procedure is steel plate easy deformation in welding process, and the intensity of spiral is lower, wears no resistance, and cost of manufacture is also higher.
Do not need to make in addition blade although use general casting can integral body to cast out spiral, and can use the material that meets the spiral working condition requirement.But use ordinary sand casting, model are difficult for taking out from molding sand, and it is extremely difficult that sand mold damages back sand mold reparation, even may sometimes.The size of foundry goods and roughness also can't guarantee in addition.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to propose a kind of large scale screw making process, to overcome welding easy deformation that exists in the existing large scale spiral manufacturing process and the problem that wears no resistance.
Specifically, a kind of screw making process, it comprises following steps:
(1) make the disappearance mould: the cast material that can melt disappearance with the molten metal that runs into high temperature is produced and the spiral-shaped approximate or the same model of desire making;
(2) casting spiral: model is put into special shape mo(u)lding box, and the dry sand of the suitable granularity of filling can be poured into a mould behind the jolt ramming covered with plastic film; Extract negative pressure during cast, model is met red-hot metal and the gas that is produced that gasifies is extracted out; Treat that the space that molten metal occupies foam type fully promptly casts out desired spiral; Cast back cooling a period of time, mould turnover takes out foundry goods.
The molded method of making that disappears in the new technology of the present invention can be divided into:
1, use the molded spiral bubbles model of making of foaming:
The bead that certain particle size sent out into EPS, STMMA or EPMMA plastic beads by the machine of sending out is given in use, bead is after slaking, suck spiral Foam Pattern metal mold, the closed moulding machine, passband has the hot water and steam of pressure, pressurize a period of time, water flowing cooling, open make-up machine and take out Foam Pattern from metal mold, apperance is coated with special coating after drying.
2, use the manual system of foam plastics slab spin model:
(1) making of spin model axle
Cut axle foam blank with foam board, two set-irons are fixed on the both ends of the surface of blank, the heating wire energising rotates a circle around model from the model two ends then; If axle is hollow structure, model can be made annular, with long awl the foam blank is penetrated, after penetrate heating wire, heating wire energising back is around model endoporus one all getting final product; Then on external cylindrical surface, use the model helix that draws;
(2) making of helical blade:
Cut off out the thin plate of predetermined thickness with the cystosepiment section bar, use model to cut then and make and the equiform foamed plastics ring that reaches thickness requirement of model, the domain need cut flatly, and requirement is fixed according to helix length; Use special-purpose adhesive glue, twist the foamed plastics ring along the axle helix, and foam spiral blade and axle model are fixed, adhesive glue cements back apperance drying coating.
3, use the whole system of special tooling spin model:
Also make certain diameter earlier, the foam cylinder that length is determined by helix length; Cylinder one end is clipped on the lathe chuck makes cutter with heating wire, cutter is contained on the cutter platform, adjusts headstock rotating speed and cutter platform translational speed, starts lathe, and the heating wire energising just can be made the spiral bubbles model.
Can also use model on foam board, to make semicircular ring column blank, pattern and outer pattern in using then, heating wire slides along the pattern helicoid and cuts out a helicoid, certain altitude is expected in last billet shift, repeat above process, just can make the high helical blade of half pitch, several helical blades are bonded on the axle, just form a spiral bubbles model.
The manufacture method of screw making process of the present invention, its advantage is:
1, technology is simple.
Material polystyrene, the STMMA foamed plastics intensity of preparation disappearance mould are low, and fusing point is low, and is in light weight, can make spin model at an easy rate, and spiral can integral body cast out.Helical blade does not need to make separately and omitted welding sequence.
2, can produce more reasonably spiral of structure.
Root according to spiral stressing conditions blade should be thicker than outer rim.So but during the monolithic moulding because steel plate is of uniform thickness the helical blade thickness made too, obvious unreasonable structure.Rational in infrastructurely must increase steel plate thickness and increase the machined preface if make.
3, casting method with the vanishing pattern can use the material that meets the spiral applying working condition to make spiral.
When general welding was made spiral, for the weld strength that guarantees spiral and make helical blade be easy to moulding, helical blade and axle were mostly used mild steel.Spiral the time is rubbed in work, and it is violent with the spiral friction particularly to extrude spiral and probing, often quick-wearing and losing efficacy very.Though manufacturer is arranged at helical blade outer rim wear-resistant coating, coating is thinner, will expose not wear-resisting matrix material after wear-resistant coating grinds off wearing and tearing are accelerated, lost foam can be used anti-friction material and still can wear-resistant coating.
4, lost foam is manufactured spiral and can be accomplished nearly clean shape processing.
The foundry goods roughness that lost foam is produced can reach Ra3.2-12.5 μ m, and dimensional accuracy can reach the CT7-9 level.Lost foam casting spiral outer rim and two sides are machining no longer.The coil material utilization rate of lost foam manufacturing is much higher than monolithic shaping welding spiral.
5, welding is made spiral, and the helical blade both sides need continuous welding on axle, and weld seam is long, and distortion is big, and welding stress is big.And the spiral of lost foam casting has just overcome above drawback.
6, operation reduces, and makes product cost reduce 20-30%.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is spiral knot schematic diagram commonly used.
Fig. 2 is helix setting-out model structural representation.
Fig. 3 is helical blade blahk structure schematic diagram (a whole spiral).
Fig. 4 is helical blade blahk structure schematic diagram (a part spiral).
Fig. 5 is whole system spiral bubbles model and heating wire cutter structural representation.
Fig. 6 spiral blank structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is that the A-A of Fig. 6 is to schematic diagram.
The plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 8 Fig. 7.
The specific embodiment
Briefly, the present invention adopts with polystyrene (EPS), EPMMA or STMMA expanded bead and uses special purpose model or make the plastic foam type similar with spiral (differing from a casting shrinkage with actual size) again according to the corresponding coating of the used material brushing of spiral with polystyrene EPMM or STMMA sheet material gimmick, drying is put into special shape mo(u)lding box, the dry sand of filling certain particle size, behind the jolt ramming covered with plastic film, can pour into a mould, extract negative pressure during cast, shaped plastics is met red-hot metal and the gas that is produced that gasifies is extracted out.The space that molten metal occupies foam type promptly casts out desired spiral.Cast back cooling certain hour, mould turnover takes out foundry goods.
Dispellable mould casting spiral Foam Pattern be manufactured with following several mode:
1, uses the molded spiral bubbles model of making of foaming
Use its common apparatus of this method to have: steam boiler, give the machine of sending out, make-up machine, and the metal mold of shaping spiral Foam Pattern.This technical process is as follows:
EPS, STMMA or EPMMA use and give the machine of sending out plastic beads is sent out into the bead of certain particle size, and bead sucks spiral Foam Pattern metal mold after slaking, the closed moulding machine, the hot water and steam of logical certain pressure, pressurize certain hour, water flowing cooling, open make-up machine and from metal mold, take out Foam Pattern, apperance just can be coated with special coating after drying, and the advantage of this method is the precision height of Foam Pattern, production efficiency height, shortcoming are that investment is big.Also metal mold can be offered some professional Packaging Materials Plants by its system plastics apperance, the scope of application: spiral specification kind is few, and output (3000/year) is big.
2, use the manual system of foam plastics slab spiral foam sample
Use the foam board (can propose material, thickness, length, density requirements) of Packaging Materials Plant's supply according to needs, physical dimension according to spiral, after using set-iron (black sheet iron or thin aluminum top are made) to use heating wire to extract single geometric element, bonding with special-purpose adhesive glue, after polishing.
The making of screw mandrel:
Cut axle foam blank at foam board: two set-irons are fixed on the both ends of the surface (square center overlaps with the model center) of blank, and the heating wire energising rotates a circle around model from the model two ends then.Heating wire voltage is at 5-10V.If axle is hollow structure, model can be made annular, with long awl the foam blank is penetrated, after penetrate heating wire, heating wire energising back is around model endoporus one all getting final product.Then on external cylindrical surface, use the model helix that draws.Helix setting-out model such as Fig. 2.The setting-out model can be made of ground paper.
The making of helical blade:
Make as Fig. 3 and 4 set-irons earlier, Fig. 2 model is used for spiral part and is longer than a pitch, and when Fig. 4 was used for spiral part and is shorter than a pitch, the endoporus external diameter of model was determined by the interior external diameter of spiral.Make on the model annulus of whole spiral and have a joint-cutting 2-1, make on the part spiral circle ring and have a breach 2-2.
In foamed plastics section bar (general 1m * 1m * 2～6m), cut off out the thin plate of predetermined thickness, (still using the energising heating wire) used helical blade model (Fig. 6 or Fig. 7) to cut then and made and the equiform predetermined thickness foamed plastics of model ring, and the domain need cut flatly.Quantity is fixed according to helical blade length.Use special-purpose adhesive glue, twist the foamed plastics ring, and foam spiral blade and axle model are fixed, after adhesive glue cements, can take out nail with tingle along the axle helix.(also can not take out, be cast into foundry goods) apperance drying is coated with coating.
Also can use the pattern legal system to go out the high spiral bubbles model of half pitch, quantity is determined that by helix length a plurality of spiral bubbles models are bonded on the foam mandrel and get final product.As accompanying drawing 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8.At first use model on foam board, to make semicircular ring column blank 7-1, pattern 7-2 and outer pattern 7-3 in using then, heating wire slides along the pattern helicoid and cuts out a helicoid, certain altitude is expected in last billet shift, repeat above process, just can make the high helical blade of half pitch, several helical blades are bonded on the axle, just form a spiral bubbles model.
3, the also available laxative remedy integral body of spiral apperance is made.Make certain diameter and length earlier by the fixed foam cylinder of helix length, cylinder one end is clipped on the lathe chuck.With heating wire 5-2 according to the spiral-shaped cutter that bends out, cutter is contained on the cutter platform and can all around be shifted, adjust headstock rotating speed and cutter platform translational speed, start lathe, the heating wire energising is just cut blank 5-1 and is made spiral bubbles model (can use the used car bed to reequip with this method).
Claims (5)
1, a kind of screw making process is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) make the disappearance mould: the cast material that can melt disappearance with the molten metal that runs into high temperature is produced and the spiral-shaped the same model of made;
(2) casting spiral: model is put into special shape mo(u)lding box, and the dry sand of the suitable granularity of filling can be poured into a mould behind the jolt ramming covered with plastic film; Extract negative pressure during cast, model is met red-hot metal and the gas that is produced that gasifies is extracted out; Treat that the space that molten metal occupies foam type fully promptly casts out desired spiral; Cast back cooling a period of time, mould turnover takes out foundry goods.
2, a kind of screw making process according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step (1) disappears the molded process of making for using the molded spiral bubbles model of making of foaming:
The bead that certain particle size sent out into EPS, STMMA or EPMMA plastic beads by the machine of sending out is given in use, bead is after slaking, suck spiral Foam Pattern metal mold, the closed moulding machine, passband has the hot water and steam of pressure, pressurize a period of time, water flowing cooling, open make-up machine and take out Foam Pattern from metal mold, apperance is coated with special coating after drying.
3, a kind of screw making process according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step (1) disappears the molded process of making for using the manual system of foam plastics slab spin model:
(A) making of spin model axle
Cut axle foam blank with foam board, two set-irons are fixed on the both ends of the surface of blank, the heating wire energising rotates a circle around model from the model two ends then; If axle is hollow structure, model can be made annular, with long awl the foam blank is penetrated, after penetrate heating wire, heating wire energising back is around model endoporus one all getting final product; Then on external cylindrical surface, use the model helix that draws;
(B) making of helical blade:
Cut off out the thin plate that thickness is t with the cystosepiment section bar, use the helical blade model then, cut that to make with the equiform thickness of model be the foamed plastics ring of t, the domain need cut flatly, and quantity is fixed according to helical blade length; Use special-purpose adhesive glue, twist the foamed plastics ring along the axle helix, and foam spiral blade and axle model are fixed, adhesive glue cements back apperance drying coating.
4, a kind of screw making process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the molded process of making of described step (1) disappearance is: make the foam cylinder that predetermined diameter and length are determined by helix length earlier; Cylinder one end is clipped on the lathe chuck saws out spiral-shaped cutter with heating wire, cutter is contained on the cutter platform, adjusts headstock rotating speed and cutter platform translational speed, starts lathe, and the heating wire energising just can be made the spiral bubbles model.
5, a kind of screw making process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the molded process of making of described step (1) disappearance is: at first use model on foam board, to make semicircular ring column blank, pattern and outer pattern in using then, heating wire slides along the pattern helicoid and cuts out a helicoid, certain altitude is expected in last billet shift, repeats above process, just can make the high helical blade of half pitch, several helical blades are bonded on the axle, just form a spiral bubbles model.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510043109 CN1810415A (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Screw making process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510043109 CN1810415A (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Screw making process |
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| CN1810415A true CN1810415A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
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| CN 200510043109 Pending CN1810415A (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Screw making process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101332501B (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-06-02 | 泰州市永昌冶金设备有限公司 | Vacuum negative-pressure loss mould casting technique |
| CN101590512B (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2011-09-07 | 陕西科技大学 | Modeling method for spirals in lost foam casting |
| CN103203599A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 威海智德真空科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing hollow stainless steel screws |
| CN108941437A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-07 | 华侨大学 | A kind of manufacturing method of high abrasion Integral-type screw conveyor blade |
-
2005
- 2005-08-08 CN CN 200510043109 patent/CN1810415A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101332501B (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-06-02 | 泰州市永昌冶金设备有限公司 | Vacuum negative-pressure loss mould casting technique |
| CN101590512B (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2011-09-07 | 陕西科技大学 | Modeling method for spirals in lost foam casting |
| CN103203599A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 威海智德真空科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing hollow stainless steel screws |
| CN103203599B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2017-07-28 | 威海智德真空科技有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of stainless steel hollow screw |
| CN108941437A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-07 | 华侨大学 | A kind of manufacturing method of high abrasion Integral-type screw conveyor blade |
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