CN1807695A - Process for refining aluminium by three solutions - Google Patents
Process for refining aluminium by three solutions Download PDFInfo
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- CN1807695A CN1807695A CN 200610011128 CN200610011128A CN1807695A CN 1807695 A CN1807695 A CN 1807695A CN 200610011128 CN200610011128 CN 200610011128 CN 200610011128 A CN200610011128 A CN 200610011128A CN 1807695 A CN1807695 A CN 1807695A
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- titanium boride
- tungsten silicide
- fluorochloride
- cast iron
- ionogen
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-ply liquid smelting high-refined aluminum method in the metallic material domain, which is characterized by the following: adopting pure fluoride system or fluoride system componemt as electrolyte; using cast iron as cathode basics material of three-ply liquid smelting aluminium electrolyser; spraying titanium boride material or titanium boride composite material coating and tungsten silicide on cast iron with plasma spraying method(titanium boride: tungsten silicide =15-18: 1 in mass percent, coating thickness=1-3mm); inserting cast iron cathode of coating material coating into electrolyte layer to keep 3-4. 5cm between bottom and surface of anode alloy ( tank voltage is between 3. 5V and 4. 0V, layer thickness of electrolyte is larger than 10cm). The invention adopts three-ply liquid smelting high-refined aluminum method, wherein the production cost is low; the ratio of special grade production is bigger than 98 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, particularly a kind of method of refining aluminium by three solutions.
Background technology
Purity is that 99.99%～99.999% high refined aluminium is mainly used in making electrolytic condenser raw material, and three layers of liquid refined aluminum electrolytic process are the main method of the high refined aluminium of preparation.In three layers of liquid refining electrolyzing cell, the alloy that primary aluminum and copper are mixed with is as anode, and the high-precision aluminium lamination of separating out on negative electrode is a negative electrode, and its purity is usually 99.99%～99.999%, and ionogen has two big classes: pure fluoride system and fluorochloride system.Three layers of liquid electrolytic process energy consumption height, present domestic lowest energy consumption is a 14000kWh/ ton refined aluminium, often up to 17000～18000kWh/ ton refined aluminium, causes high refined aluminium production cost height.Its major cause is that three layers of middle layer in the liquid must keep enough height, if the intermediate electrolyte layer is too thin, be that high-precision aluminium lamination of negative electrode and anode alloy layer pole span are too little, to cause high refined aluminium and anode alloy easily to mix, influence refining effect, therefore, dielectric substrate must be maintained to the thickness of few 10cm, result's thickness ionogen like this has caused bath voltage big, and energy consumption is high.Data at home and abroad does not still have the research report of this respect at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at using graphite to do negative electrode, polluted product, work-ing life is short, product cost is high and solid refined aluminium negative electrode can not be inserted into the intermediate electrolyte layer deeply, thereby cause the high problem of the big energy consumption of bath voltage, the method for inventing a kind of three layers of high refined aluminium of liquid electrolytic preparation.
A kind of method of refining aluminium by three solutions, adopt pure fluoride system or fluorochloride system component as ionogen, electrolytic copper that anode alloy was weight percentage 7: 3 and primary aluminum mixed solution, side-wall material is used the high-purity magnesium oxide refractory materials, the cathode base material of three layers of liquid refined aluminum electrolyzer makes cylinder iron, on cast iron, spray titanium boride material or titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating with plasma spraying method, wherein titanium boride and tungsten silicide weight percent are 15～18: 1 in titanium boride and the tungsten silicide matrix material, coat-thickness 1～3mm.In the electrorefining process, the cast iron negative electrode of plasma spraying titanium boride or titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating is inserted in the dielectric substrate, make it the bottom and the anode alloy surface distance remains on 3～4.5cm, bath voltage is at 3.5～4.0V, and dielectric substrate thickness is not less than 10cm.
Use pure fluoride system as ionogen, pure fluoride system component prescription, by weight percentage, each component ratio is: NaF15～19%, AlF
345～48%, CaF
22～15%, BaF
225～35%, LiF2～10%.The liquidus temperature of described pure electrolysis of fluorides matter is at 640～690 ℃, and density is 2.62～2.92g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.01～1.64 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 720～760 ℃ of service temperatures.
Use the fluorochloride system as ionogen, fluorochloride system component prescription, by weight percentage, each component ratio is: NaF16～22%, AlF
316～23%, BaCl
256～62%, NaCl6～10%, LiCl1～2%.The electrolytical liquidus temperature of described fluorochloride is at 650～700 ℃, and density is 2.72～3.02g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.31～1.84 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 730～760 ℃ of service temperatures.
Production stage is as follows:
1, pure fluoride system or fluorochloride system raw material are at first distinguished drying and dehydrating, according to the fusing of prescription batch mixing, preelectrolysis 4h removal of impurities on the preelectrolysis groove adds in three layers of liquid refined aluminum electrolyzer.
2, adding weight percent in three layers of liquid electrolyzer is that 7: 3 electrolytic copper and primary aluminum mixed solution are as anode.
3, two kinds of employed body materials of electrolyte system are cast iron, spray titanium boride material or titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating with plasma spraying method and make negative electrode.In electrolytic process, this cast iron negative electrode inserts in the dielectric substrate, and its bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 3～4.5cm, and bath voltage is at 3.5～4.0V.
4, regularly go out high refined aluminium with siphonage.
Pure fluoride system or two kinds of component ionogen of fluorochloride system that the present invention adopts, the cathode base material is a cast iron, and sprays titanium boride material or titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating with plasma spraying method on its surface.In electrolytic process, this cast iron negative electrode inserts in the dielectric substrate, and its bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 3～4.5cm, and bath voltage is at 3.5～4.0V.
The refining aluminium by three solutions method that the present invention adopts, high refined aluminium production cost is low, and the select quality rate is not less than 98%, and energy consumption is 10500～12000kWh/t; High refined aluminium purity is 99.993%～99.999%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: produce high refined aluminium on three layers of liquid refined aluminum of 60KA electrolyzer
Use pure fluoride system as ionogen, by weight percentage, each component ratio is: NaF15%, AlF
345%, CaF27%, BaF229%, LiF4%.The liquidus temperature of described pure electrolysis of fluorides matter is at 650 ℃, and density is 2.67g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.53 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 740 ℃ of service temperatures.Use plasma spraying method to spray the cast iron negative electrode of titanium boride material coating.Negative electrode bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 3.5cm, and bath voltage is at 3.5V, the high refined aluminium of direct current consumption 10534kWh/t-, and high refined aluminium purity is 99.995%.
Embodiment 2: produce high refined aluminium on three layers of liquid refined aluminum of 65KA electrolyzer
Use pure fluoride system as ionogen, by weight percentage, each component ratio is: NaF15%, AlF
345%, CaF26%, BaF228%, LiF6%.The liquidus temperature of described pure electrolysis of fluorides matter is at 662 ℃, and density is 2.61g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.43 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 740 ℃ of service temperatures.Use plasma spraying method to spray the cast iron negative electrode of titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating, negative electrode bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 4cm, and bath voltage is at 3.95V.The high refined aluminium of direct current consumption 11888kWh/t-, high refined aluminium purity is 99.993%.
Embodiment 3: produce high refined aluminium on three layers of liquid refined aluminum of 80KA electrolyzer
Use the fluorochloride system as ionogen, by weight percentage, NaF17%, AlF
317%, BaCl
258%, NaCl6%, LiCl2%.The electrolytical liquidus temperature of described fluorochloride is at 680 ℃, and density is 2.80g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.86 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 740 ℃ of service temperatures.Use the titanium boride material coating cast iron negative electrode of plasma spraying, negative electrode bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 3.7cm, and bath voltage is at 3.8V.The high refined aluminium of direct current consumption 11437kWh/t-, high refined aluminium purity is 99.996%%.
Embodiment 4: produce high refined aluminium on three layers of liquid refined aluminum of 70KA electrolyzer
Use the fluorochloride system as ionogen, by weight percentage, NaF17%, AlF
318%, BaCl
257%, NaC17%, LiCl1%.The electrolytical liquidus temperature of described fluorochloride is at 670 ℃, and density is 2.78g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.83 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 740 ℃ of service temperatures.Use the cast iron negative electrode of plasma spraying titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating, negative electrode bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 3.8cm, and bath voltage is at 3.9V.The high refined aluminium of direct current consumption 11738kWh/t-, high refined aluminium purity is 99.993%%.
Embodiment 5: produce high refined aluminium on three layers of liquid refined aluminum of 100KA electrolyzer
Use the fluorochloride system as ionogen, by weight percentage, NaF17%, AlF
317%, BaCl
256%, NaCl8%, LiCl2%.The electrolytical liquidus temperature of described fluorochloride is at 668 ℃, and density is 2.82g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.87 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 740 ℃ of service temperatures.Use the titanium boride cast iron negative electrode of plasma spraying, negative electrode bottom and anode alloy surface distance remain on 3.5cm, and bath voltage is at 3.7V.The high refined aluminium of direct current consumption 11136kWh/t-, high refined aluminium purity is 99.994%%.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a refining aluminium by three solutions, adopt pure fluoride system or fluorochloride system component as ionogen, electrolytic copper that anode alloy was weight percentage 7: 3 and primary aluminum mixed solution, side-wall material is used the high-purity magnesium oxide refractory materials, the cathode base material that it is characterized in that three layers of liquid refined aluminum electrolyzer makes cylinder iron, on cast iron, spray titanium boride material or titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating with plasma spraying method, wherein titanium boride and tungsten silicide weight percent are 15～18: 1 in titanium boride and the tungsten silicide matrix material, coat-thickness 1～3mm; In the electrorefining process, the cast iron negative electrode of plasma spraying titanium boride or titanium boride and tungsten silicide composite coating is inserted in the dielectric substrate, make it the bottom and the anode alloy surface distance remains on 3～4.5cm, bath voltage is at 3.5～4.0V, and dielectric substrate thickness is not less than 10cm.
2. the method for refining aluminium by three solutions as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that using pure fluoride system as ionogen, pure fluoride system component prescription, and by weight percentage, each component ratio is: NaF15～19%, AlF
345～48%, CaF
22～15%, BaF
225～35%, LiF2～10%, the liquidus temperature of described pure electrolysis of fluorides matter are at 640～690 ℃, and density is 2.62～2.92g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.01～1.64 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 720～760 ℃ of service temperatures; Use the fluorochloride system as ionogen, fluorochloride system component prescription, by weight percentage, each component ratio is: NaF16～22%, AlF
316～23%, BaCl
256～62%, NaCl6～10%, LiCl1～2%, the electrolytical liquidus temperature of described fluorochloride are at 650～700 ℃, and density is 2.72～3.02g/cm
3, specific conductivity is 1.31～1.84 Ω
-1Cm
-1, 730～760 ℃ of service temperatures.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610011128 CN1807695A (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2006-01-06 | Process for refining aluminium by three solutions |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610011128 CN1807695A (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2006-01-06 | Process for refining aluminium by three solutions |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103643258A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-19 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for producing aluminum-magnesium alloy by utilizing liquid aluminum cathode method |
| CN105177631A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-23 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing high-purity aluminum through electrolytic refining and electrolytic bath |
| CN114410975A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 东北大学 | Method for recovering waste aluminum/waste aluminum alloy |
-
2006
- 2006-01-06 CN CN 200610011128 patent/CN1807695A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103643258A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-19 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for producing aluminum-magnesium alloy by utilizing liquid aluminum cathode method |
| CN103643258B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-01-20 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of method utilizing Sr Alloy by Liquid Al Cathode Process to produce aluminum magnesium alloy |
| CN105177631A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-23 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing high-purity aluminum through electrolytic refining and electrolytic bath |
| CN105177631B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-10-13 | 中南大学 | Electrorefining prepares the method and electrolytic cell of rafifinal |
| CN114410975A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 东北大学 | Method for recovering waste aluminum/waste aluminum alloy |
| CN114410975B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-01-03 | 东北大学 | Method for recovering waste aluminum/waste aluminum alloy |
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