CN1799881A - Wheel - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN1799881A
CN1799881A CNA2005100231399A CN200510023139A CN1799881A CN 1799881 A CN1799881 A CN 1799881A CN A2005100231399 A CNA2005100231399 A CN A2005100231399A CN 200510023139 A CN200510023139 A CN 200510023139A CN 1799881 A CN1799881 A CN 1799881A
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China
Prior art keywords
wheel
spring
wheel rim
axial
end circle
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Pending
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CNA2005100231399A
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Chinese (zh)
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崔世泰
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崔阿年
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Priority to CNA2005100231399A priority Critical patent/CN1799881A/en
Publication of CN1799881A publication Critical patent/CN1799881A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

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Abstract

The invention discloses a wheel which arranges several metallic springs 3 (one air spring or one rubber spring) between flexible circular rim 4 and wheel arm 2, and a aeration or solid tyre at the outer side of circular rim. The flexible deformation of circular rim and spring can make the wheel flexible, and setting the effective rings n, height-diameter rate H0/D and the total metal spring number m in smaller range to avoid instability and reduce weight and cost of wheel; since the delay loss of circulate stress of circular rim and spring can be neglected, the energy consumption of wheel can be significantly reduced, therefore, it can avoid aerating the wheel. The invention can apply the bicycle and vehicle to reduce the wheel rigidity, improve buffer property and load ability and reduce the energy consumption.

Description

Wheel
The technical field this patent relates to wheel.
Background technology
Common wheel comprises that one is regarded as the wheel rim of rigid body and the inflation or the band tyre in the wheel rim outside, and the deflection of wheel under static weight produced by tire fully.The energy consumption of this wheel is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this patent provides a kind of improved wheel, and its energy consumption is less.
The purpose of this patent reaches like this, and wheel rim is regarded as the elastic beam of annular arrangement, when deflection of beam rigidity is infinitely great, is exactly the wheel rim of common wheel as extraordinary circumstances.Between this annular arrangement wheel rim and spoke (or wheel hub) (inboard of wheel rim), one deck support spring is set.Support spring can be to have m of ride comfort (be defined in below) along the circumferential well-distributed steel spring of wheel.Also can be the air bellow of annular arrangement, promptly in the rubber curtain layer of cloth cavity of annular arrangement, fill that principle is identical with the air-inflation tyre carcass with pressurized air.Can also be the annular rubber spring, principle be identical with the band tyre carcass.Because rubber and air bellow are axisymmetric, ride comfort satisfies naturally.Remain inflation or band tyre in the outside of wheel rim.Because the elastic deformation of the support spring of wheel rim and its inboard provides certain deflection, so as long as the tire in the wheel rim outside provides less deflection.Again because wheel rim is regarded as the annulus ellbeam; rather than as common air-inflation tyre casingply, be considered as film; the wheel rim outside must have the tire protection wheel rim that comprises inflation or band tyre to avoid impacting, can not be as the wheel of patent CN1363476A, and just serve as a contrast 4 the outside and included only tyre surface 5.Thisly comprise that the wheel energy consumption of wheel rim and support spring is less, less because metal spring is subjected to reverse stress not have the air or the rubber spring alternating stress amplitude of hysteretic loss and wheel rim inboard.
Common inflation or band tyre can reduce wheel rigidity after being provided with such support spring (m along circumferential well-distributed steel spring of wheel or air, rubber spring), improve resiliency and load-bearing capacity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, wheel A-A section-drawing (referring to Fig. 2).
Fig. 2, wheel schematic side view part when support spring is steel spring.
Deformation analysis when Fig. 3, coil spring are subjected to axial force, diametral load, moment.
Three kinds of supporting bases of compression spring when Fig. 4, steel spring preloading power.
Fig. 5, comprise the example of a plurality of wheel rims.
The example that Fig. 6, axle of spring do not overlap with the wheel radius.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1,2 are provided with m (＞1 between spoke 2 (or wheel hub) that can be considered absolute rigid body and the wheel rim 4 that is considered as the elasticity circular beam, Fig. 2 is 4) individual metal (steel) or rigid plastic cylinder (or rectangular column) tension and compression coil spring 3, can be variable pitch or become in the footpath, spring silk section circle (also can rectangle).Spring is along circumferentially uniform, i.e. branch wheel circumference such as m.The bearing coil diameter is less, and the outer end circle is captiveed joint with wheel rim 4 with end circle annex (screw 9, nut 10, packing ring 13 (the best surfaces cutting increases matching surface)).Inner circle is used with quadrat method and is connected with spoke 2, and spoke 2 usefulness screws 12 are connected with wheel hub 11.The inner directly captive joint wheel hub 11 that encloses also.Wheel rim 4 can be detachable, comprises the back-up ring of fixing with screw 87.The outside of wheel rim 4 and inflation or exempt from inflation (comprising band tyre) tire and link to each other.Air-inflation tyre comprises tyre surface 5 and the inflation carcass of being made up of carcass plies 13 and inflatable inner tube 1 among Fig. 1.If band tyre then comprises the band tyre carcass that is made of rubber layer of tyre surface 5 and its inboard, the height of band tyre should be greater than the common airtyred tread thickness with load-bearing capacity.Since spring can be variable pitch or become in the footpath, so the m of a captive joint rim and spoke elastic rod can be considered as number of active coils less than 1 spring.Also can be when needing bigger displacement h and h ' (definition is seen below) at the individual wheel rim 4-1 of spoke 2 arranged outside s (greater than 1, Fig. 5 is 2), 4-2 ... 4-s.Between wheel rim 4-1 and spoke 2, spring 3-1 is arranged, between wheel rim 4-1 and the wheel rim 4-2 spring 3-2 is arranged, or the like.Two end circles of each spring are its supporting mass of captive joint (wheel rim 4 or spokes 2) among Fig. 1, can not rotate relative to supporting mass.Also one or two end circle wherein can be changed into and can certain be parallel to the rotational of wheel axis on supporting mass, promptly be hinged.Each spring all is not subjected to axial pretension or precompressed compression among Fig. 1, when wheel rolls spring shaft to the masterpiece symmetrical cycle, i.e. pulling force pressure sometimes sometimes.The spring axial force is pulling force all the time in the time of spring being rolled can for the identical pretension of each spring.If at this moment the relative supporting mass of end circle is rotatable, the end circle can change the hook of extension spring into.The spring axial force is pressure all the time in the time of spring being rolled also can for the identical precompressed compression of each spring, and at this moment the end circle is identical with the building ring diameter, and the end circle also tightly polishes or do not polish, fix or rotationally with supporting mass bonded assembly end circle bearing 14(i.e. end circle annex) has Fig. 4 a, b, three kinds of forms of c.A is enclosed within the end circle outside; B, insertion end circle inboard; C is enclosed within the end circle outside and insertion end circle inboard simultaneously.The distribution of m spring did not have such feature when Fig. 2 loaded, the distribution of wheel cw m spring behind its axis anglec of rotation 360 degree/m with the rotation before be identical, be loop distribution.Therefore (Fig. 6) also is loop distribution when axle of spring does not overlap the wheel radius, also can do support spring.For the lateral rigidity that improves wheel spoke 2 is connected with guide groove with wheel rim 4 usefulness guide plates in case of necessity.Promptly spoke 2 comprises guide plate 15 in the insertion guide groove 6 of an annular arrangement in the plane vertical with the wheel center shaft axis, and the guide groove 6 of annular arrangement is fixed between the back-up ring 7 and wheel rim 4 of wheel rim 4.Because the directional tagging wheel rim 4 of guide plate and guide groove can only move in the plane vertical with the wheel center shaft axis with wheel hub with respect to spoke 2, thereby has improved the lateral rigidity of wheel, and during work, both damping function of shock insulation that rubbed mutually.Guide plate is connected with guide groove also and can following method realizes.Two friction faces are respectively arranged between the outer rim of the inner edge of wheel rim 4 and spoke 2, and wheel rim 4 and spoke 2 are nested against one another by friction face.When spring shaft when only being stressed or be subjected to pulling force and pressure simultaneously, the number of active coils of getting spring usually equals 0.5,1,2,3 smaller or equal to 5 as n, etc.The ratio of height to diameter of each spring can be less, H when not loading 0/ D is smaller or equal to 2.6, as 0.35, and H wherein 0It is not stand under load (when axial pretension or precompressed compression are arranged be subjected to axial pretension or precompressed compression after) usable height of spring when a m spring has equal height of wheel.M is smaller or equal to 35.Be the description of wheel ride comfort when two end circles are captiveed joint with supporting mass below.
Fixing upper end, lower end is the cantilever coil spring freely, and the upper end is subjected to moment M, diametral load F r, the deformation analysis of axial force F (Fig. 3, axial force are pulling force, if pressure F is a negative value, spring is with representing when gauge rod) is as follows.Wherein D is a spring mean coil diameter, and d is the spring filament diameter.N is a number of active coils.H is an operating altitude, and E is a modulus of elasticity, and G is a shearing elastic modulus, and μ is a Poisson's ratio, B=HEA/[4 (2+ μ)] be the equivalent bending stiffness, S=HEA/D 2Be the equivalent shear rigidity, F '=Gd 4/ (8D 3N) be axial push-pull rigidity.A=d wherein 4/ (8Dn) Fig. 4 regards spring as and works as gauge rod, and the crooked corner λ that produces is arranged after the cross-sectional plane before the distortion loads, and shears the corner φ of the relative bar line of centers in cross section that produces, establish the cross section far from the lower end apart from x, be subjected to a power F, shearing force-F λ+F r, moment of flexure-Fy+M+F r(H-x), φ=(F λ+F r)/S, d λ/dx=[-Fy+M+F r(H-x)]/B, dy/dx=-(φ+λ)=-(1-F/S) λ-F r/ S.By the above various differential equation that has
d 2Y/dx 2-(F/B) (1-F/S) y=-(1-F/S) [M+F rR (H-x)]/B. makes q 2=(F/B) (1-F/S).F＞0 an o'clock q is an arithmetic number; F＜0 o'clock is imaginary number q=|q|i.Separating of this equation is y=C 1Sinh qx+C 2Coshqx+[M+F r(H-x)]/F.By boundary condition x=0, λ=0; X=H, y=0 has C 1=(F r/ Fq) (1-F/S); C 2=(F r/ Fq) (1-F/S) tanhqH-(M/F) SechqH.Upper end radial deformation f r=y|x=H=(F rH/F) [1-tanhqH/ (qH)]+F rH/S+ (M/F) (1-SechqH); Angular deformation γ=λ | X=H=(1-F/S) -1[-(F r/ F) (1-F/S) (1-sechqH)-(Mq/F) tanhqH] ... (2).Make η 1=3 (qH-tanhqH)/(qH) 3, η 2=2 (1-SechqH)/(qH) 2, η 3=tanhqH/ (qH) ... (1). ξ 1=η 1(1-F/S), ξ 2=η 2(1-F/S).η (general reference η 1, η 2Deng) be axle power influence coefficient, all be the real variable function, because of order | qH|=v, v=qH when F is pulling force, η 1=3 (v-tanhv)/v 3, η 2=2 (1-sechv)/v 2, η 3=tanhv/v.When F is pressure, iv=qH, η 1=3 (tanv-v)/v 3, η 2=2 (1-secv)/v 2, η 3=tanv/v.
So above-mentioned distortion (2) formula is,
f r＝F rH 3ξ 1/(3B)+F rHη 3/S+MH 2ξ 2/(2B)，γ＝-FrH 2ξ 2/(2B)-MHη 3/B.........(2’)。Make u=q 2H 2, as u=-π 2/ 4 o'clock η=infinities are unstability radially, and when u=0, η equals 1.If the approximate η that gets 1=η 2=η 3=η, 1-F/S=1, the above-mentioned f that is deformed into r[F rH 3(3B) -1(1+3BH -2S -1)+MH 2(2B) -1] η, γ=-[F rH 2(2B) -1+ MH/B] η.As seen η is the influence of a power F to distortion.
All set up when formula (2 ') is pulling force and pressure for F, can not find in the existing scientific and technical literature.(2 ') formula of utilization can be used force method, and the wheel of energy method or solution by iterative method Fig. 2 promptly is subjected to normal force Q at the ground connection position, horizontal force Q φ, and φ=tan θ ' is a traction coefficient, the distortion under the effect.For the general run of thinss such as spring in footpath in variable pitch or the change, (2 ') can note by abridging and be f r=A 1(F r, F, M), γ=A 2(F r, F, M), f=A 3(F r, F, M).Be that force method is found the solution below.
Upright fixed coordinate system ZOY, wherein O is the center of spoke 2.First axle of spring and Z axle clamp α angle make r=2 π/m before loading, i spring and Z axle clamp angle α iThe r of=α+(i-1), i=1,2 ...., m.Wheel rim is subjected to balanced system of force F i, F Ri, M i, i=1,2 ..., m, Q, Q φ effect, wherein F i, F Ri, M i, be that the upper end of spring i acts on the power on the wheel rim.Wheel rim has a displacement solution note to be B (F under this power system i, F Ri, M i, i=1,2 ..., m, Q, Q φ).Separate B thus and can obtain the normal direction displacement of wheel rim in spring i upper end, tangential displacement and corner, they should equal the stressed F in this spring upper end i, F Ri, M iThe displacement f that produces i, f Ri, γ iThereby obtain an Algebraic Equation set.To F i, F Ri, M i, i=1,2 ..., m solves this set of equations, among the substitution B specifically separating of wheel rim is arranged promptly then.Thereby obtain the normal direction and the tangential displacement h of wheel rim earth point, h '.Obvious h, h ' is relevant with α, and the span of α is [0, r].When selecting the bigger bending stiffness of circular beam 4 or selecting bigger spring number m, can make h, h ' in [0, r] maxim and the difference of minimum value less than the number of appointment, as 0.1 centimetre.Wheel just has ride comfort like this.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of wheel comprises wheel hub, elastic body wheel rim (4), and tire it is characterized in that being provided with support spring between wheel hub and wheel rim (4), and wheel has ride comfort.
2, wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that tire is inflation or band tyre, and wherein band tyre is tall and big in the common airtyred tread thickness of loading together.
3, wheel according to claim 2 is characterized in that described support spring is the steel coil spring of m loop distribution, and spring has: a, axially precompressed compression; B, axially pretension; Or c, there are not axial pretension and axial precompressed compression.
4, wheel according to claim 3 is characterized in that spoke (2) is connected with guide groove (6) with guide plate (15) with wheel rim (4).
5, wheel according to claim 3 is characterized in that when spring is subjected to axial precompressed compression, and end circle also tightly polishes or do not polish, and is fixing or with supporting mass bonded assembly end circle bearing a is arranged rotationally, b, and one of three kinds of forms of c, a is enclosed within the end circle outside; B, insertion end circle inboard; C is enclosed within the end circle outside and insertion end circle inboard simultaneously.
6, according to claim 3 or 4 described wheels, it is characterized in that s wheel rim being arranged in the wheel hub outside, each wheel rim inboard all is provided with spring.
7, according to the described wheel of claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that spring is subjected to axial precompressed compression when 1; Or 2, the ratio of height to diameter of spring is not smaller or equal to 2.6 when not being subjected to axial pretension and axial precompressed compression.
8, according to the described wheel of claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that when spring be subjected to axial precompressed compression or, be not subjected to axial pretension and axially during precompressed compression the number of active coils of spring smaller or equal to 5.
9, according to claim 3 or 4 described wheels, the sum of spring is smaller or equal to 35 when it is characterized in that having only a wheel rim.
10, wheel according to claim 2 is characterized in that support spring is air or rubber spring.
CNA2005100231399A 2005-01-06 2005-01-06 Wheel Pending CN1799881A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA2005100231399A CN1799881A (en) 2005-01-06 2005-01-06 Wheel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA2005100231399A CN1799881A (en) 2005-01-06 2005-01-06 Wheel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1799881A true CN1799881A (en) 2006-07-12

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CNA2005100231399A Pending CN1799881A (en) 2005-01-06 2005-01-06 Wheel

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109177659A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-11 杨华 Spoke spring assembly tire
CN110329130A (en) * 2019-06-12 2019-10-15 中仪英斯泰克进出口有限公司 A kind of high-definition digital signal retransmission vehicle with shock-absorbing function
CN112477523A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-12 芜湖集拓实心胎有限公司 Solid tyre for support carrier

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109177659A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-11 杨华 Spoke spring assembly tire
CN110329130A (en) * 2019-06-12 2019-10-15 中仪英斯泰克进出口有限公司 A kind of high-definition digital signal retransmission vehicle with shock-absorbing function
CN112477523A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-12 芜湖集拓实心胎有限公司 Solid tyre for support carrier

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Application publication date: 20060712