CN1797934A

CN1797934A - Generated power control system

Info

Publication number: CN1797934A
Application number: CNA2005101341983A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杉田秀彦; 川岛英树; 松田俊郎; 石川泰毅
Original assignee: Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2004-12-27
Filing date: 2005-12-27
Publication date: 2006-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2025-12-27
Also published as: CN100364228C; JP2006187090A

Abstract

A generated power control system in which the magnetic field of a generator is controlled based on a target generated power so as to perform the appropriate generation control. Preferably, the generated power control system is used in generator configured to be driven by an internal combustion engine that drives a first wheel and an AC motor that drives a second wheel not driven by the internal combustion engine with an inverter arranged to supply generated power from the generator to the AC motor. Basically, the generated power control basically calculates an AC motor power requirement of the AC motor and a target generated power to be generated by the generator based on the AC motor power requirement, and then controls the generated power generated by the generator by controlling a magnetic field of the generator based on the target generated power calculated.

Description

Generated power control system

Cross reference to related application

This application requires the priority of Japanese patent application 2004-376551 number and 2004-379594 number for 119 times at 35U.S.C §.Thus, the whole disclosures with Japanese patent application 2004-376551 number and 2004-379594 number are herein incorporated by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to be used to control the generated power control system of generator.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of generated power control system, the generated output of the generator in its control 4WD vehicle, wherein, by the internal combustion engine drives generator that is used to drive main drive wheel, and, by the generator drive AC motor that is used to drive time driving wheel.

Background technology

Known various generated power control system, wherein, and after calculating the required voltage command value of generator based on the motor torque bid value, power is provided to motor, and execution FEEDBACK CONTROL, make the output voltage values of generator become this voltage command value (for example, referring to Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application 2001-239852).In this was open, generated power control system was the part with vehicle drive control system of the explosive motor that is used to drive main drive wheel, and, by the generator drive DC motor that is used to drive time driving wheel.Control the exciting current (field current) of this DC motor, so that the controlling and driving moment of torsion satisfies the vehicle traction power demand.

In sum, those skilled in the art is clear that in can from then on disclosing, has the needs for improved generated power control system.This invention is directed to these needs and other needs of the prior art, and those skilled in the art is well understood to these needs in can from then on disclosing.

Summary of the invention

Have been found that in above-mentioned traditional generated power control system, only carry out power generation control by the deviation between voltage command value and the output voltage values being carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL, and, generating voltage and generation current can not be controlled.Thus, existence can not provide the possibility with the corresponding power demand of demand of motor, so an open question is to exist the possibility that can not export suitable torque capacity.

In addition, according to above-mentioned traditional generated power control system, because by using the DC motor to control motor torque, so, the armature supply of DC motor must increase, so that improve moment of torsion, still, because there is restriction to the brush life of DC motor, so, also have the restriction that can increase how many armature supplys, so an open question is, such system is difficult to be applied to load-carrying vehicle, and can not improve the 4WD performance.

Can imagine, can control motor torque by adopting AC motor and inverter to substitute the DC motor, but in the case, can need battery or other such stabilized power supply.When adopting such stabilized power supply, for example, need to generate the special battery of 50V output voltage at least, so the problem that the method had is higher cost and is difficult to install with electronics 4WD system.

Consider these problems, conceived the present invention according to an open question that is associated with above-mentioned prior art.One object of the present invention is: a kind of generated power control system is provided, and wherein the based target generated output is controlled the magnetic field of generator, so that carry out suitable Generation Control.Another object of the present invention is: a kind of generated power control system is provided, wherein can controls motor torque by generator and AC motor combination.

In order to realize above purpose of the present invention and other purpose, a kind of generated power control system that is used for motor vehicle driven by mixed power is provided, this motor vehicle driven by mixed power has: generator, it is configured to by the internal combustion engine drives that drives the first round; And the AC motor, it is by being provided to AC motor with generated output from generator by inverter, can't help second of internal combustion engine drives and takes turns and drive.Generated output control comprises that mainly motor power (output) calculates parts, target generated output calculating unit and magnetic field control assembly.Motor power (output) is calculated component configuration is: the AC motor power (output) needs that calculate the AC motor.Target generated output calculating unit is configured to: based on calculating the AC motor power (output) needs that component computes goes out by motor power (output), calculating will be by the target generated output of generator generation.The magnetic field control assembly is configured to:, control the generated output that produces by generator by the magnetic field of control generator based on the target generated output that calculates by target generated output calculating unit.

To those skilled in the art, from following that combine with accompanying drawing, disclose the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is clear that these and other objects of the present invention, feature, aspect and advantage will become.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing referring now to this original disclosed part of formation:

Fig. 1 is the simplified block diagram that is equipped with the four-wheel drive vehicle of vehicle traction control appliance, and wherein, described vehicle traction control appliance has the generator power control unit that is configured to realize each embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is illustrated in a pair of circuit diagram of two examples of configuration that being used for of using in the four-wheel drive vehicle of Fig. 1 realized the generator of each embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the 4WD controller of Fig. 1 of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the target motor torque calculating unit among Fig. 7 of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the engine controller of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is the performance plot according to generator of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the motor controller of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the 4WD controller of Fig. 1 of second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the motor controller among Fig. 8 of second embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is the block diagram of a kind of possible configuration of the engine controller among diagram Fig. 8 according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the block diagram of a kind of possible configuration of diagram generated output controller according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a kind of block diagram of possible configuration of the generated output controller of diagram a third embodiment in accordance with the invention;

Figure 13 is the exciting current of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention and the figure of the relation between the PWM duty ratio;

Figure 14 is the figure of the status transition (transition) of diagram a third embodiment in accordance with the invention;

Figure 15 is a kind of block diagram of possible configuration of the generated output controller of diagram a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention;

Figure 16 is the figure of the α characteristic in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 17 is another example of figure of the α characteristic of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention;

Figure 18 is the block diagram of a kind of possible configuration of diagram generated output controller according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 19 is the block diagram of a kind of possible configuration of diagram generated output controller according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 20 is the output characteristics figure of each alternator speed according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 21 is the figure of the target exciting current computational methods of diagram target exciting current calculating unit according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 22 is the block diagram that the modification of the generated output controller of diagram Figure 19 is according to a sixth embodiment of the invention disposed;

Figure 23 is the block diagram of a kind of possible configuration of diagram generated output controller according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;

Figure 24 is the block diagram that the modification of the generated output controller of diagram Figure 23 is according to a seventh embodiment of the invention disposed;

Figure 25 is the block diagram of diagram according to a kind of possible configuration of the generated output controller of the eighth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 26 is the figure of diagram according to the target exciting current computational methods of the target exciting current calculating unit of the eighth embodiment of the present invention; And

Figure 27 is the figure of diagram operation of the apparatus according to the invention.

Embodiment

To selected embodiment of the present invention be described by the reference accompanying drawing now.From then in open, those skilled in the art it will be apparent that, only be used to illustrate rather than in order to limit purpose of the present invention as claims and equivalent definition thereof, and below providing to the description of embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is equipped with the simplified block diagram that has according to the four-wheel drive vehicle of the vehicle traction control appliance of generator power control unit of the present invention.To use this schematic block diagram that each embodiment of the present invention is described.Consider the similitude between each embodiment of the present invention, in each embodiment, will give identical Reference numeral parts identical or that have second embodiment of identical function.

At first, with reference to Fig. 1, now explanation is used for the four-wheel drive vehicle of each embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle among this embodiment is such vehicle, that is, a left side and off-

front wheel

1L and 1R are the main drive wheels that is driven by engine 2 (explosive motor), and a left side and off

hind wheel

3L and 3R are can be by the inferior driving wheel of motor 4 drivings,

For example, on certain point of the inlet channel of engine 2, providing main air valve (throttle valve) and auxilliary air valve.Main air valve has been depressed into what degree etc. according to accelerator pedal and has regulated and controlled valve opening.Auxilliary air valve waits by stepping motor and starts, and according to the progression of this motor, and regulate and control aperture by corner.Therefore, be adjusted to the aperture that is less than or equal to main air valve, can be independent of the driver to the operation of accelerator pedal and reduce the output torque of engine 2 by the valve opening that will assist air valve.In other words, the adjusting of the aperture of auxilliary air valve becomes actuating force control, the acceleration slip (acceleration slip) at front-

wheel

1L and 1R place that its inhibition is caused by engine 2.

The output torque Te of engine 2 is sent to a left side and off-

front wheel

1L and 1R by transmission and differential gear 5.The part of the output torque Te of engine 2 is sent to generator 7 by endless belt (endless belt) 6, makes generator 7 multiply by pulley and rotate than corresponding rotational speed N g with rotational speed N e with engine 2.

Generator 7 becomes on the engine 2 load according to the exciting current Ifg that is regulated by 4WD controller 8, and produces power according to this load torque.Determine the quantity of power that produces by generator 7 by rotational speed N g and exciting current Ifg.Can be based on the pulley ratio, according to the rotational speed N e of engine 2 and the rotational speed N g of calculating generator 7.

The power that is produced by generator 7 can be provided to motor 4 by terminal box (junction box) 10 and inverter 9.The driving shaft of motor 4 can be via reduction gearing 11 and clutch 12 and is connected to trailing wheel 3L and 3R.Motor 4 among this embodiment is AC motor.Between clutch 12 and

trailing wheel

3L and 3R, provide differential gear 13.

For example, clutch 12 is wet type, multiple-disk clutch, and engages and break away from according to the order from 4WD controller 8.In this embodiment, being used for oncoming clutch is wet multiple disc clutch, but replaceablely is for example powder coupling (powder clutch) or pump formula clutch (pump clutch).

Provide generator voltage transducer 14 in terminal box 10 inside, be used for sensing generating voltage Vdc.Provide dynamo current transducer 15 in terminal box 10 inside, be used for sensing generation current Idc (input current of inverter 9).Decomposer (resolver) is linked to the driving shaft of motor 4, and, the signal θ of the position of magnetic pole of output expression motor 4.And, provide relay in terminal box 10 inside, be used for connecting or isolated inverter 9 and generator 7.When this relay is in connection status, inverter 9, is converted into from the DC power that generator 7 provides by the rectifier (not shown) and is used for the three-phase alternating current of drive motor 4.Exciting current transducer 16 is provided, is used for the exciter current of generator Ifg of sensing reality.In the future autobiography sensor 14,15 and 16 sensor signal output to 4WD controller 8.

Provide wheel speed sensors 20FL, 20FR, 20RL and 20RR to

wheel

1L, 1R, 3L and 3R respectively.Wheel speed sensors 20FL, 20FR, 20RL and 20RR will output to 4WD controller 8 with each

wheel

1L, 1R, 3L and the corresponding rotating speed of 3R, as the toy vehicle velocity value of institute's sensing.

For example, 4WD controller 8 comprises for example computation processor of microcomputer, and for example receives by the input of the vehicle velocity signal of wheel speed sensors 20FL, 20FR, 20RL and 20RR sensing, from the output signal of the voltage sensor of terminal box 10 inside and current sensor, from the output signal of the decomposer that is linked to motor 4, with the corresponding air valve opening of accelerator pedal (not shown) drafts etc.

Referring now to Fig. 2, schematically presented two circuit diagrams, it illustrates the structure of the exciting current drive circuit of generator 7.Shown in the figure A of Fig. 2, with this circuit structure for making: from the output voltage of the constant voltage source of for example 14V Vehicular battery 7a or generator 7 self, select the exciting current power supply.The side of the positive electrode of exciting current power supply is connected to magnet exciting coil 7b, and switching transistor 7c.In the case, when generator output voltage Vg was lower than cell voltage Vb, generator 7 was in the separate excitation zone (separatelyexcited region), and cell voltage Vb becomes the power supply of magnet exciting coil 7b.Yet when generator voltage Vg increases to cell voltage Vb when above, generator 7 is in the self-excitation zone, and selects the output voltage V g of generator 7.Thus, when generator voltage Vg increases to cell voltage Vb when above, this output voltage V g of generator 7 becomes the power supply of magnet exciting coil 7b.Particularly, owing to can increase the exciting current value by the supply voltage of generator 7, the significantly increase of generator output is possible.

Replacedly, shown in the figure b of Fig. 2, can be to make with the exciting current drive circuitry arrangement: only use 14V Vehicular battery 7a (only separate excitation zone) as the exciting current power supply.

As shown in Figure 3, the 4WD controller 8 according to first embodiment comprises target motor torque calculating unit 8A, power calculation parts 8B (calculating parts as motor power (output)), generation current order calculating unit 8C (as target generation current calculating unit), engine controller 8D (as the magnetic field control assembly), motor controller 8E, TCS controller 8F and clutch controller 8G.By this configuration of the present invention, can be by the magnetic field of control generator 7 and the load of change inverter 9, and generation current is conformed to bid value with generating voltage, so, the corresponding power that requires with motor 4 can more effectively be provided, and can carry out suitable Generation Control, to allow the output required torque.

8A is configured to target motor torque calculating unit: according to accelerator pedal depress signal (air valve opening signal) Acc and the front and back wheel that calculates based on the wheel speed signal of four-wheel between wheel speed poor, come calculating motor torque command Tt.

Fig. 8 is the block diagram of the details of diagram target motor torque calculating unit 8A.At first, front and back speed difference calculating unit 81 is configured to: based on the wheel speed signal V of four-wheel _FRTo V _RR, calculate front and back speed difference Δ V according to following equation (1).

ΔV＝(V _FR+V _FL)/2-(V _RR-V _RL)/2 ...(1)

The first motor force calculating unit 82 is configured to: based on front and back speed difference Δ V, by the reference mapping (map) of storage in advance, and calculate the first motor force T Δ V, and this result is outputed to high (select-high) unit (following discussion) of selection.Be made as the first motor force T Δ V feasible:, become big pro rata and be calculated as along with the increase of front and back speed difference Δ V.

Car speed computing unit 83 is configured to:, and calculate vehicle velocity signal V by the wheel speed signal of four-wheel and the total actuating force F that in low (select-low) pattern of selection, produces by vehicle.As the front-wheel drive power that estimates according to the torque-converters slip ratio and the rear wheel drive power that estimates according to torque command Tt and, and obtain herein total actuating force F.

The second motor force calculating unit 84 is configured to: calculate the second motor force Tv.More specifically, this is based on accelerator pedal drafts or air valve opening amount Acc and from the car speed V of car speed computing unit 83 outputs, by what calculate with reference to the mapping of storage in advance.Tv is made as feasible with this second motor force: it increases with accelerator pedal drafts or air valve opening amount Acc with being directly proportional, and reduces inversely with car speed V.

Next, will select high unit 85 to be configured to: will output to trailing wheel TCS controller 86 as target torque Ttt from first motor force T Δ V of the first motor force calculating unit, 82 outputs and the second motor force Tv that exports from the second motor force calculating unit 84 (described both all are in the selection height mode).

Subsequently, based on trailing wheel speed V _RLAnd V _RR, and car speed V, carry out the trailing wheel traction control by known method, and, the final torque command Tt of output motor 4.

8B is configured to the power calculation parts: based on torque command Tt and motor speed Nm, according to following equation (2) and the required power P g of calculating generator.

Pg＝Tt×Nm/Иm ...(2)

Here, a И m is an inverter efficiency.Particularly, the required power P g of generator is such value, its than motor 4 power P m required and that obtain according to the product that torque command Tt be multiply by motor speed Nm (the big inverter efficiency И m of=Tt * Nm) doubly.

8C is configured to generation current order calculating unit: based on the generating voltage bid value or the target voltage Vdc that are calculated by motor controller 8E (following discussion) ^*, calculate generation current bid value or target current Idc according to following equation (3) ^*

Idc ^*＝Pg/Vdc ^* ...(3)

8F is configured to the TCS controller: based on the rotating speed V of engine power generation driving torque desired signal Tet, the right side and the near front wheel of receiving from engine torque controller (ECM) _FRAnd V _FL, and car speed V, by known method engine power generation driving torque desired signal Tet is sent back to engine torque controller (ECM), and carries out the front-wheel traction control.Thus, 4WD controller 8 and engine torque controller (ECM) are cooperated together, so that as the vehicle drive force calculating unit, it is configured to calculate the required actuating force of motor vehicle driven by mixed power (hybrid vehicle).

8G is configured to clutch controller: the engagement state of solenoidoperated cluthes 12 makes as long as clutch controller 8G has determined that the four-wheel drive state is desired and/or needed, just places connection status with clutch 12.

Fig. 5 is the block diagram of diagram control by the details of the engine controller 8D of the power of generator 7 generations.Engine controller 8D mainly comprises P controller 21, I controller 22, feedforward controller 23, controlled quentity controlled variable adder 24 and excitation controller (field controller) 25.8D is configured to engine controller: by determining exciting voltage PWM duty ratio C1, use PWM to control the exciting current Ifg of generator 7.

P controller 21 is configured to: based on actual power current value I dc and the generation current bid value Idc that calculates according to top equation (2) ^*Between deviation, and carry out P control.At first, with generation current bid value Idc ^*And the deviation between the actual power current value I dc multiply by certain gain.For making gain sensitivity keep constant, this product be multiply by the inverse of generator speed Ng, and this product is outputed to controlled quentity controlled variable adder 24 (following discussion), as the controlled quentity controlled variable Vp in the P control with respect to the fluctuation of speed of generator 7.

I controller 22 is configured to: based on actual power current value I dc and the generation current bid value Idc that calculates according to top equation (3) ^*Between deviation, and carry out I control.That is to say 22 pairs of generation current bid values of I controller Idc ^*And the deviation between the actual power current value I dc is carried out integration.Use integrated value as upper and lower bound.As in above-mentioned P control like that, this integrated value be multiply by the inverse of generator speed Ng, and this product is outputed to controlled quentity controlled variable adder 24 (following discussion), the controlled quentity controlled variable Vi in controlling as I.

The generator property mapping of each in a plurality of speed of feedforward controller 23 references storage in advance, and based on generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With generation current bid value Idc ^*, obtain the PWM duty ratio D1 of generator excitation voltage by feedforward.Subsequently, feedforward controller 23 is based on PWM duty ratio D1 and generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable Vff in the feedfoward control according to following equation (4).

Vff＝D1×Vdc ^* ...(4)

Controlled quentity controlled variable adder 24 is controlled quentity controlled variable Vp, controlled quentity controlled variable Vi and controlled quentity controlled variable Vtt addition, and with this with output to excitation controller 25, as the voltage Vf that will be applied to magnetic coil.

Excitation controller 25 is configured to: determine whether actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc is less than or equal to battery (as the exciting current power supply) voltage Vb (12V).If (Vdc≤Vb) exist so, calculates exciting voltage PWM duty ratio C1 according to following equation (5) to this state.

C1＝Vf/Vb ...(5)

Yet, if actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc is greater than cell voltage Vb (that is Vdc＞Vb), so, calculate exciting voltage PWM duty ratio C1 according to following equation (6).

C1＝Vf/Vdc ...(6)

Control the exciting current Ifg of generator 7 according to the duty ratio C1 that as above calculates.That is to say that 8D is configured to engine controller: specify by feedfoward control to demonstrate according to torque command Tt and the generator working point of definite generator power demand Pg and compensate generating voltage bid value Vdc with PI ^*Vdc carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL with the actual power magnitude of voltage, and makes actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc and generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*Conform to.

Here, adopt PI compensation conduct to be used for the control method of FEEDBACK CONTROL, but the invention is not restricted to this, and can use any control method of system stability.

Thus, generator 7 output generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With generation current bid value Idc ^*, make motor 4 output will with the moment of torsion of torque command Tt coupling.Generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With generation current bid value Idc ^*Be that generator 7 will provide the voltage and current of generator power demand Pg most effectively.In other words, as long as generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With generation current bid value Idc ^*All be satisfied, just can export generator power demand Pg effectively.

Fig. 6 is the performance plot of generator 7, and wherein, transverse axis is a generation current, and vertical pivot is a generating voltage.In Fig. 6, straight line A is when the exciting current Ifg of generator 7 is constant, and the output of generator 7 can be eliminated the If line of (take off) by inverter load (impedance).That is to say that generator 7 attainable working points are moved along the If line.For example, under given exciting current Ifg, shown in a b, when impedance when low, voltage will be for low, and electric current will be height.On the contrary, under given exciting current Ifg, shown in a c, when impedance when being high, voltage will be height, and electric current will be for low.Thereby, preferably, impedance load is adjusted to satisfies generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With generation current bid value Idc ^*Both are to realize the most effective working point a.

Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the details of the diagram motor controller 8E that controls motor 4 by inverter 9.Motor controller 8E comprises Id and Iq bid value calculating unit 31, Vd and Vq bid value calculating unit 32, Vdc ^*Bid value calculating unit 33, two-phase/three phase converer 34, PI controller 35, amplitude correction device 36, PWM controller 37, exciting current bid value calculating unit 38 and a flux calculating unit 39.Motor controller 8E is configured to the three phase power element of switch control inverter 9, so that input torque bid value Tt, and the actual motor torque T becomes (being substantially equal to) torque command Tt.

Id and Iq bid value calculating unit 31 are configured to: come calculation command value Idr and Iqr by d axle (flux component) electric current and q axle (torque component) electric current, so that export the moment of torsion of this torque command of coupling Tt based on this torque command Tt and motor speed Nm.Id and Iq bid value calculating unit 31 are configured to: these values are outputed to Vd and Vq bid value calculating unit 32.

Vd and Vq bid value calculating unit 32 are configured to: based on from the current command value Idr of Id and Iq bid value calculating unit 31 inputs and Iqr, motor speed Nm and from the motor parameter (impedance and a flux) of field flux calculating unit 39 (describing below) input, be used for q shaft voltage bid value Vqr that d shaft current value Id is converted to the d shaft voltage bid value Vdr of d shaft current bid value Idr and is used for q shaft current value Iq is converted to q shaft current bid value Iqr and calculate.

With Vdc ^*Bid value calculating unit 33 is configured to: based on the voltage command value Vdr and the Vqr that are calculated by Vd and Vq bid value calculating unit 32, and calculate generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With Vdc ^*Bid value calculating unit 33 is configured to: these values are outputed to above-mentioned engine controller 8D (Fig. 5).

Two-phase/three phase converer 34 is converted to d and q shaft voltage bid value Vdr and Vqr as the U phase voltage bid value Vur three-phase sine-wave bid value, three phase coordinate systems, V phase voltage bid value Vvr and W phase voltage bid value Vwr, and these values are outputed to amplitude correction device 36 (following discussion).

PI controller 35 is configured to: use by Vdc ^*The generating voltage bid value Vdc that bid value calculating unit 33 calculates ^*And the deviation delta Vdc between the actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc carries out PI control as input, and this result is outputed to amplitude correction device 36.The description here has the character of AVdc being carried out PI control, but the invention is not restricted to this, and can use any compensation method of system stability.

Amplitude correction device 36 is configured to proofread and correct from the amplitude of the three-phase sine-wave bid value of two-phase/three phase converer 34 outputs, and, PWM controller 37 calculates pwm command by the three-phase sine-wave bid value of proofreading and correct is compared with triangular wave, and produces the switching signal that is output to inverter 9.Inverter 9 produces and the corresponding PWM wave voltage of these switching signals, and this voltage is applied to motor 4.Come drive motor 4 by this voltage.

In above amplitude correction, by with generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*Compare with actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc and at Vdc ^*Reduce amplitude during＞Vdc, and reduce the pwm pulse width.As a result, impedance uprises, and can improve voltage.On the contrary, by at Vdc ^*Increase amplitude during＜Vdc, and increase the pwm pulse width.As a result, the impedance step-down, and can reduce voltage.

Exciting current bid value calculating unit 38 is configured to: calculate the exciting current bid value based on motor speed Nm, and their are exported the fluxmeter of showing up calculate parts 39.Field flux calculating unit 39 is configured to: the calculated field flux, and the field flux outputed to Vd and Vq bid value calculating unit 32.

In Fig. 6, PI controller 35 and amplitude correction device 36 are corresponding to load variations parts (pulse width variation parts), and PWM controller 37 is corresponding to the PWM control assembly.

The operation of this embodiment will be described now.

Might as well suppose the four-wheel drive state that vehicle is defined as, and based on wheel speed and accelerator pedal drafts (air valve opening amount) and calculated torque command Tt.In the case, engine controller 8D is configured to: the generation current bid value Idc that calculates according to torque command Tt ^*And the deviation between the actual power current value I dc is carried out PI control.Control the exciting current Ifg of generator 7 subsequently, make actual power current value I dc will with generation current bid value Idc ^*Conform to.Determine the If line represented by line A in the performance plot of the generator 7 in Fig. 6 at this some place.

Motor controller 8E is based on torque command Tt and motor speed Nm, and calculating is used for the three-phase sine-wave order that the switch of the three phase power element of inverter 9 is controlled.Subsequently, motor controller 8E is based on this three-phase sine-wave order, and calculates pwm command, and this pwm command is outputed to inverter 9.To the generating voltage bid value Vdc here ^*And the deviation between the actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc is carried out PI control, and proofreaies and correct the amplitude of three-phase sine-wave order.

If actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc is lower than generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*, then the working point will be the some b on the If line.Consider this point, change impedance, and working point b is moved to the most effective working point a for obtaining motor torque.

In other words, as existence Vdc＜Vdc ^*The time, with the amplitude correction of three-phase sine-wave order for reducing.This produces narrower pwm pulse width, and the impedance of inverter 9 uprises, and actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc becomes big.This makes working point b coupling working point a.This is corresponding to the load line of determining by a little line expression (when the inverter load is constant, generator 7 attainable working points).

Therefore, actual power magnitude of voltage Vdc and actual power current value I dc and generating voltage bid value Vdc ^*With generation current bid value Idc ^*Conform to, thereby allow motor 4 to be moved by Ma Qu at place, the most effective working point.

Curve B 1 to B4 among Fig. 6 be the load at generator 7 change gradually and the self-excitation zone of exciting voltage PWM duty ratio C1 at generator 7 in the path of working point fixedly the time.The difference that curve B 1 to B4 is represented among the duty ratio C1.

Thus, by this embodiment, based on actual power current value in the generator control and the deviation between the generation current bid value, conform to and the actual power current value is controlled to be with the generation current bid value, and based on actual power magnitude of voltage in the Motor Control and the deviation between the generating voltage bid value, and the load of change inverter, and, the result of this control conforms to the generating voltage bid value for the actual power magnitude of voltage, so, can carry out suitable power and produce control, and can more effectively eliminate moment of torsion.

And, be provided to the pwm pulse width of motor by change, and change the load of inverter, so, the actual power magnitude of voltage is conformed to the generating voltage bid value.

In above embodiment, description has such character: by the pulse duration of proofreading and correct the three-phase sine-wave bid value based on the deviation between generating voltage bid value and the actual power voltage, and change the pwm pulse width.Yet, the invention is not restricted to the method.For example, replacedly, can as d and q shaft current bid value or d and q shaft voltage bid value, and change the pwm pulse width by proofreading and correct the variable that the load of inverter is made contributions based on the deviation between generating voltage bid value and the actual power voltage.

And, in above embodiment, the desired value in the control of generation current and generator is conformed to, and generating voltage is conformed to desired value in the Motor Control.Yet, the invention is not restricted to the method.For example, replacedly, the desired value in the control of generating voltage and generator is conformed to, and generation current is conformed to desired value in the Motor Control.

Referring now to Fig. 8-11, now the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.As shown in Figure 8, the 4WD controller 8 of this embodiment mainly comprises target motor torque calculating unit 8A, power calculation parts 8B (calculating parts as motor power (output)), engine controller 8D, motor controller 8E, TCS controller 8F and clutch controller 8G.Yet as explanation below, motor controller 8E and engine controller 8D are modified.Unless here indicate, otherwise, target motor torque calculating unit 8A, motor controller 8E, TCS controller 8F and clutch controller 8G disposed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.By this embodiment of the present invention, calculating according to AC motor 4 required power will be by the target output of generator 7 outputs, and the power output of generator 7 is controlled to be target output, so, can control motor torque by the combination of generator 7 and AC motor 7, its effect is to be easy to install, and has improved the 4WD performance.

Power calculation parts 8B among Fig. 7 is based on motor speed Nm and the torque command Tt that calculated by target motor torque calculating unit 8A, according to following equation (7) and the required power P m of calculating motor 4.

Pm＝Tt×Nm ...(7)

Motor controller 8E uses torque command Tt and motor speed Nm, and the known vector control shown in the execution graph 5.Output to inverter 9 by switch controlling signal with the three phase power element, and the control three-phase alternating current.

Figure 10 is the block diagram of diagram control by the details of the engine controller 8D of the power of generator 7 generations.This engine controller 8D comprises target generated output calculating unit 101, generated output limiter 102, target generated output determiner 103 and generated output controller 104.Engine controller 8D is configured to control the exciting current Ifg of generator 7.

Target generated output calculating unit 101 is based on the motor power demand Pm from power calculation parts 8B output, and calculating according to following equation (8) will be by the required power P gt of generator of generator 7 outputs.

Pgt＝Pm/Иm ...(8)

Here, a И 4m is a motor efficiency.Particularly, the required power P gt of generator is such value, its with the big motor efficiency И m of the power P m more required than motor doubly amount and be output.

Generated output limiter 102 is configured to export generated output restriction PL1 and PL2.Generated output restriction PL1 is the upper limit that generated output can not surpass.Amount according to the moment of torsion that can be transmitted by the belt of driving generator 7 is determined generated output restriction PL1.Calculate this restriction according to following equation (9).

PL1＝Tb×ωg×Иg ...(9)

Here, a Tb is can be by the moment of torsion of belt transmission, and a ω g is the rotating speed of generator 7, and a И g is a generator efficiency.Thus, generated output restriction PL1 corresponding to: in the time can being Tb by the moment of torsion that belt transmits, the maximum of the power that can generate by generator 7.

Generated output restriction PL2 is the upper limit, and it is set as feasible: generated output is no more than engine overload can cause engine pressurized (stress) or the impaired level of cornering ability.Provide this generated output restriction PL2 by engine torque controller (ECM).

The result of calculation of target generated output calculating unit 101 and generated output limiter 102 is input to target generated output determiner 103, and subsequently by the generator power demand Pg under the selection low mode and generated output restriction PL1 and PL2, and the target output PG of calculating generator 7.

Target output PG is input to generated output controller 104, and generated output controller 104 control real output P make generator 7 export target power output PG.

In Figure 10, the processing of target generated output calculating unit 101, generated output limiter 102 and target generated output determiner 103 is corresponding to target generated output calculating unit (be also referred to as power output and calculate parts), and the processing of generated output controller 104 is corresponding to the exciting current control assembly.

Figure 11 is the block diagram of the generated output controller 104 in this second embodiment.Generated output controller 104 among this embodiment is reaction generator exciting current value in monitoring actual generator exciting current Ifg, makes that deviation will be 0 between target output PG and the real output P.

At first, the output voltage V dc of the dynamo-electric pressure sensor 14 of self power generation in the future and be input to actual power calculating unit 201 from the output current Idc of dynamo current transducer 15, and these values are multiplied each other is to calculate real output P (=Vdc * Idc).

Subsequently, the deviation delta P between real output P and the target output PG is input to PID controller 202, and PID controller 202 export target exciting current Ift, make deviation delta P to be 0.

In this embodiment, provide exciting current transducer 16, and use it to come sensing actual generator exciting current Ifg as the exciting current sensing part.Obtain the actual exciting current Ifg that senses by exciting current transducer 16 and the deviation delta If between the target exciting current Ift, and it is outputed to PID controller 203.The actual exciting current Ifg of PID controller 203 controls makes deviation delta If to be 0.

As a result, the real output P of generator 7 coupling target output PG.In Figure 11, the processing of actual power calculating unit 201 is calculated parts corresponding to power output, and the processing of PID controller 202 and 203 is corresponding to generator output control part spare.

Thus, in this second embodiment, calculating according to motor 4 required power will be by the target output of generator 7 outputs, and the exciting current of control generator 7, the real output that makes output voltage and output current according to generator 7 calculate becomes target output, so generator 7 can suitably provide motor 4 required power, and, motor 4 exportable suitable moments of torsion.

In addition, because the exciting current of monitoring generator 7 and execution feedback make this actual exciting current conform to the target exciting current, so, generated output is conformed to target power.

Referring now to Figure 12-14, now the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.This 3rd embodiment is identical with the second top embodiment, but the exciting current of generator 7 is carried out PWM control, and thus, makes the deviation between target output and the real output become 0.

Figure 12 is the block diagram of the generated output controller 104A in the 3rd embodiment.As in a second embodiment, actual power calculating unit 201 calculates real output P, and the deviation delta P between this real output P and the target output PG is outputed to PID controller 204.PID controller 204 is controlled the PWM duty ratio D of the exciting current drive circuit of generator 7 according to deviation delta P.More specifically, it increases PWM duty ratio D during greater than P at PG, and reduces PWM duty ratio D during less than P at PG.

For example, carry out following PID control.

D＝α×(PG-P)+β×∫(PG-P) ...(10)

Figure 13 is the figure of the relation between exciting current Ifg and the PWM duty ratio D, and wherein, transverse axis is PWM duty ratio D, and vertical pivot is exciting current Ifg.As shown in this figure, be flowing of 0% o'clock excitation-free current Ifg at duty ratio D, and, along with duty ratio D near 100%, the mobile increase of exciting current Ifg.

These characteristics make: field power supply voltage Vf is big more, and slope is just big more, and the impedance of magnet exciting coil is more little, and slope is just big more.This represents by Ifg=a * D when generator output voltage Vg is less than or equal to cell voltage Vb, and is represented as Ifg=a * Vf * D during greater than Vb at Vg.The item here " a " is a constant.

Can control the PWM duty ratio D that is exported by utilizing pwm driver 205, and control exciting current Ifg, and the result, the real output of generator 7 can be controlled to be target output PG.

In the processing in Figure 12, the processing of PID controller 204 and pwm driver 205 is corresponding to the duty ratio control assembly.

Thus, in the 3rd embodiment, exciting current to generator 7 carries out PWM control, so, can control all error sources in the exciting current control by the big loop (loop) between real output and the target output, as voltage fluctuation in the exciting current or the impedance fluctuations in the magnet exciting coil, so, not needing as in a second embodiment, to provide the exciting current transducer, this allows to reduce cost.

Yet, reduce cost and the 3rd embodiment above having distributed rationally although be directed to, may there be the problem of relevant generator controllability.Particularly, when generator voltage Vg was equal to or less than cell voltage Vb, PWM duty ratio D was proportional with exciting current Ifg basically, and as generator voltage Vg during greater than cell voltage Vb, field power supply voltage Vf increases, so it is big that exciting current Ifg becomes under given duty ratio D.In other words, when generator voltage Vg was very high, PWM duty ratio D must reduce, so as to produce with lower voltage under identical exciting current Ifg.

Yet by the 3rd top embodiment, still being that target output PG is bigger based on real output P only determines that increase still reduces PWM duty ratio D, and, do not consider the size of field power supply voltage Vf.Thereby, as shown in figure 14, for example, when the transition that exists from the control point a of Vg≤Vb to the control point b of Vg＞Vb, have the status transition represented as curve A, this is a problem, because generated output overshoot (overshoot) and output pulsation have occurred.

Referring now to Figure 15-17, now the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.Consider the shortcoming of the 3rd embodiment, the fourth embodiment of the present invention has increased the improvement of the above shortcoming that is directed to the 3rd embodiment.Thus, when the transition that exists from control point a to control point b, the status transition that exists as represent by curve B.This 4th embodiment is identical with the 3rd top embodiment, but changes the weighting of PWM duty ratio according to the size of field power supply voltage.

Particularly, shown in Figure 15 as the block diagram of the generated output controller 104B among the 4th embodiment, except the PID controller 204 of the 3rd embodiment is replaced it by PID controller 206, dispose identical with the configuration among Figure 12, wherein, PID controller 206 changes the weighting of PWM duty ratio according to the size of field power supply voltage Vf, and output PWM duty ratio D.Those assemblies with same configuration are distributed identical numbering, and will can be once more to its detailed description.

As among superincumbent the 3rd embodiment, PID controller 206 receives the input of the deviation delta P between real output P and the target output PG, and controls and export PWM duty ratio D by carrying out the PID that is represented by top equation (10).

At this moment, the α characteristic changes according to the size of field power supply voltage Vf.Particularly, in this embodiment, the α characteristic is set as shown in figure 16, wherein, α is made as α 1 during less than particular value, and α is made as during more than or equal to this particular value the α 2 littler than α 1 at field power supply voltage Vf at field power supply voltage Vf.

As a result, when generator voltage Vg is in the high zone, the weighting of the PWM duty ratio D in the FEEDBACK CONTROL can be made as lowlyer when low, and can suitably control the PWM duty ratio D that is used to produce the target exciting current than Vg.Therefore, for example, during transition in having Figure 14, might realize the status transition of representing by curve B from control point a to control point b.

Thus, among superincumbent the 4th embodiment, the weighting of PWM duty ratio changes according to the size of generator voltage, so,, the PWM duty ratio can be made as lower when low than generator voltage when generator voltage when being high, and can carry out ideal control, simultaneously can not run into the problem that the 3rd top embodiment is run into, that is, generated output output overshoot and output pulsation occur.

In addition, among superincumbent the 4th embodiment, describe to have and change the character of α characteristic, but the invention is not restricted to this, and replacedly, can change the α characteristic according to generator voltage Vg according to field power supply voltage Vf.

And among superincumbent the 4th embodiment, description has the character that the α characteristic is set as shown in figure 16, but the invention is not restricted to this.Particularly, because when the relation of Vg exciting current Ifg=a * Vf * D during greater than Vb, these characteristics can be arranged so that: shown in the figure A of Figure 17, generator voltage Vg is big more, and then the Relative Contribution of PWM duty ratio D is more little.

Shown in the figure B of Figure 17, described setting can make: when generator voltage Vg was less than or equal to cell voltage Vb, α was fixed on particular value.Yet when generator voltage Vg surpassed cell voltage Vb, α reduced with inverse proportion.

In addition, among superincumbent the 4th embodiment, description has the character that only changes the α characteristic according to the size of field power supply voltage, but the invention is not restricted to this, also can change the β characteristic.

Referring now to Figure 18, now the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.This 5th embodiment is similar to the 3rd embodiment discussed above, but this 5th embodiment relates to field power supply voltage be multiply by the PWM duty ratio, and this product is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL.

Particularly, shown in Figure 180 as the block diagram of the generated output controller 104C among the 5th embodiment, except the PID controller 204 of the 3rd embodiment is replaced it by PID controller 207, dispose identical with the configuration among Figure 12, wherein, (Vf * D) carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL to the product of PID controller 207 pairs of field power supply voltage Vf and PWM duty ratio D, and output PWM duty ratio D.Those assemblies with same configuration are distributed identical numbering, and will can be once more to its detailed description.

PID controller 207 receives the input of the deviation delta P between real output P and the target output PG, and controls and export PWM duty ratio D by carrying out the PID that is represented by following equation (11).

Vf×D＝α×(PG-P)+β×∫(PG-P)

D＝{α×(PG-P)+β×∫(PG-P)}/Vf ...(11)

As mentioned above, as generator voltage Vg during, exciting current Ifg=a * Vf * D greater than cell voltage Vb, and, according to this relation, can be with (Vf * D) is defined as exciting current Ifg, and it is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL.

Thus, by the 5th top embodiment the product of field power supply voltage and PWM duty ratio is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL, so resulting control effect is in itself: exciting current is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL.

And, when field power supply voltage when being high, the weighting of PWM duty ratio can be made as and be lower than this voltage when low, not need simultaneously to make the suitable control of the size that relates to field power supply voltage become possibility as the variation mapping of α characteristic is provided among the 4th embodiment.

Referring now to Figure 19-22, now the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described.This 6th embodiment is similar to second embodiment discussed above, but this 6th embodiment relates to according to the generated output characteristic and control generated output, and the rotating speed that wherein uses generator is as parameter.

Particularly, shown in Figure 19 as the block diagram of the generated output controller 104D among the 6th embodiment, in having cancelled second embodiment, use and actual power calculating unit 201 as shown in figure 11 and PID controller 202 replaced with the target exciting current calculating unit 208, dispose identical with the configuration among Figure 11, wherein, target exciting current calculating unit 208 is based on the rotational speed omega g of generator 7 and target output PG and export target exciting current Ift.Those assemblies with same configuration are distributed identical numbering, and will can be once more to its detailed description.

4WD controller 8 has been stored each the output characteristic mapping in a plurality of speed of generator as shown in figure 20 therein, and target exciting current calculating unit 208 at first search for the corresponding output characteristic of the rotational speed omega g of generator 7 and shone upon.

The mapping of this output characteristic is the electric current exported by generator 7 when exciting current Ifg is constant under specific rotation speeds ω g and the figure of voltage, and wherein transverse axis is an output current, and vertical pivot is an output voltage.The speed setting is to carry out in the mode of fine increments (as 100rpm).

When under current rotational speed omega g, searching the output characteristic mapping, as shown in figure 21,, the exciting current value IfF of certain surplus (leeway) is provided for target output PG and calculate according to the power line P1 that determines by target output PG.

More specifically, on power line P1, determine to provide effectively the scope P2 of target output, and it is thought the voltage and current that is used to control.Selection can have covering this ranges of characteristics (3) under the situation of certain surplus.That is to say that selected is to be used for the exciting current value of the voltage and current of export target power output PG effectively having under the situation of certain surplus output.

Next, output and the corresponding exciting current value of characteristic (3) IfF are as target exciting current Ift.Characteristic (4) to (6) with too much surplus is unaccommodated, and this is because the possibility that exists the exciting current of increase can waste power.

Control the feasible target exciting current Ift that selects thus and become 0 by carrying out, and real output P is controlled to be target output PG by the deviation between the actual exciting current Ifg of exciting current transducer sensing.

In the processing of Figure 19, the processing of target exciting current calculating unit 208 is corresponding to target exciting current calculating unit.

Thus, in the 6th embodiment, control the exciting current of generator 7 according to the generated output characteristic, wherein, the rotating speed that uses generator 7 is as parameter, so, can carry out suitable power Generation Control, to provide power demand to motor 4.

And, select to allow to export effectively the exciting current of the power of generator 7 according to the generated output characteristic, and this has prevented that effectively to cause obtaining moment of torsion or exciting current so high and caused wasting the situation of power such as exciting current is so low.

Among superincumbent the 6th embodiment, describe and to have exciting current value IfF that output calculated by target exciting current calculating unit 208, but the invention is not restricted to the method directly as the character of target exciting current Ift.On the contrary, for example, can consider to change the change of the characteristic that causes owing to temperature fluctuation or generator property.As shown in figure 22, the generated output controller 104E of modification can be provided, wherein, can be used as feedforward kind (category) and use the exciting current value IfF that calculates by target exciting current calculating unit 208, and by using the deviation between real output P and the target output PG to proofread and correct exciting current value IfF.In the case, after target exciting current calculating unit 208, provide PID controller 209, and, the FEEDBACK CONTROL that this PID controller 209 is carried out by following equation (12) expression, and export target exciting current Ift.

Ift＝IfF+A×(PG-P)+B×∫(PG-P) ...(12)

Here, as among superincumbent first to fourth embodiment,, the generator voltage sensor values obtains real output P by being multiply by the dynamo current sensor values.

Referring now to Figure 23 and 24, now the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.This 7th embodiment is similar to the 6th top embodiment, but the exciting current of generator is carried out PWM control.

Figure 23 is the block diagram of the generated output controller 104F among the 7th embodiment.At first, as among above-mentioned the 6th embodiment, target exciting current calculating unit 208 calculates target exciting current Ift, and the deviation delta Ift between this target exciting current Ift and the exciting current conversion value is outputed to PID controller 210.PID controller 210 output PWM duty ratio D make this deviation delta Ift will become 0.

Because the exciting current here is expressed as Ifg=a * Vf * D, so, as mentioned above, target exciting current Ift is expressed as Ift=a * Vf * Dt, wherein, Dt is a target P WM duty ratio.Therefore, might obtain to control effect, thus, by use the exciting current conversion value (wherein, (Vf * D) be considered to exciting current) carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL, and in itself exciting current carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL,

The PWM duty ratio D that pwm driver 211 is exported thus by control controls exciting current Ifg.

Thus, among superincumbent the 7th embodiment, can carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL to exciting current not providing under the situation of the exciting current transducer among the 6th embodiment, this has reduced required cost.

Among superincumbent the 7th embodiment, description has exciting current value IfF that output calculated by target exciting current calculating unit 208 directly as the character of target exciting current Ift, but the invention is not restricted to this, and, for example, can consider to change the change of the characteristic that causes owing to temperature fluctuation or generator property.As shown in figure 24, the generated output controller 104G of modification can be provided, wherein, can be used as the feedforward kind and use the exciting current value IfF that calculates by target exciting current calculating unit 208, and by using the deviation between real output P and the target output PG to proofread and correct exciting current value IfF.

In the case, after target exciting current calculating unit 208, provide PID controller 212, and this PID controller 212 is carried out the PI control by following equation (13) expression, and export target exciting current Ift.

Ift＝IfF+A×(PG-P)+B×∫(PG-P) ...(13)

Here, as among superincumbent second to the 5th embodiment,, the generator voltage sensor values obtains real output P by being multiply by the dynamo current sensor values.

Referring now to Figure 25 and 26, now the eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described.The similar part of this 8th embodiment and first embodiment is: it relates to based on the required target voltage of motor 4 and target current and controls the magnetic field of generator 7.

Particularly, as show details shown in Figure 25 of the engine controller 8D among the 8th embodiment, engine controller 8D comprises target generated output calculating unit 301, target voltage calculating unit 302, target current calculating unit 303, target exciting current calculating unit 304 and exciting current controller 305, use mapping to come and the target exciting current Ift of calculating generator 7 based on the required target voltage of motor 4 and target current, and carry out control, make actual exciting current Ifg become this target exciting current Ift.

Target generated output calculating unit 301 is based on the motor power demand Pm from power calculation parts 8B output discussed above, and calculating according to following equation (14) will be by the target output PG of generator 7 outputs.

PG＝Pm/Иm ...(14)

Target voltage calculating unit 302 is with reference to the mapping of storage in advance, and comes the required target output voltage Vdc of calculating motor based on torque command Tt and motor speed Nm ^*

Target current calculating unit 303 is based on the target voltage Vdc that is calculated by target voltage calculating unit 302 ^*With the target output PG that calculates by target generated output calculating unit 301, calculate the required electric current of inverter 9 according to following equation (15), that is, and be by the target current Idc of generator 7 outputs ^*

Idc ^*＝PG/Vdc ^* ...(15)

304 outputs of target exciting current calculating unit are used to control the control signal of exciting current Ifg, make the output voltage of generator 7 and output current will be target voltage Vdc ^*With target current Idc ^*More specifically, use the generator property mapping, wherein, output voltage, output current and exciting current are as parameter.

The figure A of Figure 26 illustrates the self-excitation characteristic of generator 7.Under the situation of self-excitation, use the voltage that self produces by generator 7 that exciting current is flowed, so the parameter of generator property is the duty ratio that is applied to the voltage of exciting current drive circuit, rather than exciting current self.That is to say that these generator parameters are illustrated in the pulse duration of drive circuit of the exciter current of generator voltage and current by generator 7 outputs when constant.

The figure B of Figure 26 illustrates the separate excitation characteristic of generator 7.Under the situation of separate excitation, make exciting current flow by the exciting voltage that applies from another power supply, so, use exciting current self as parameter.That is to say that these generator parameters are illustrated in exciter current of generator voltage and current by generator 7 outputs when constant.

In other words, when carrying out the self-excitation operation, with reference to the self-excitation figure shown in the figure A of Figure 26, and, based target voltage Vdc ^*With target current Idc ^*And selectivity characteristic (2) makes the output voltage of generator 7 and output current will be target voltage Vdc ^*With target current Idc ^*Based on the corresponding excitation driving pulse of characteristic (2) width therewith, and output is used to control the PWM duty ratio D of exciting current Ifg.

When carrying out the separate excitation operation, with reference to the separate excitation figure shown in the figure B of Figure 26, and, based target voltage Vdc ^*With target current Idc ^*And selectivity characteristic (3) makes the output voltage of generator 7 and output current will be target voltage Vdc ^*With target current Idc ^*Export the corresponding exciting current of characteristic (3) therewith, as target exciting current Ift.

Exciting current controller 305 is based on target exciting current Ift or PWM duty ratio D from target exciting current calculating unit 304 output, and controls actual exciting current Ifg.As a result, generator 7 output coupling target voltage Vdc ^*With target current Idc ^*Voltage and current.

In Figure 25, the processing of target generated output calculating unit 301 is corresponding to target generated output calculating unit (being also referred to as the target output calculating unit), the processing of target voltage calculating unit 302 is corresponding to the voltage calculating unit, and the processing of target current calculating unit 303 is corresponding to the electric current calculating unit.

Thus, among superincumbent the 8th embodiment, magnetic field is controlled to be feasible: generator 7 will produce the required voltage and current of motor, so, realize well balanced between the power that power that motor consumed and generator 7 produce, suppressed system loss, and system can operate on desirable working point.

In addition, among superincumbent the 8th embodiment, describe and to have target voltage calculating unit 302 based on torque command Tt and motor speed Nm, by calculating target voltage Vdc with reference to mapping ^*Character, but the invention is not restricted to the method.On the contrary, can according to the vector of d shaft voltage bid value Vdr that in the vector control of motor controller 8E, calculates and q shaft voltage bid value Vqr based on torque command Tt and, calculate target voltage Vdc ^*

And among superincumbent the 8th embodiment, description has target generated output calculating unit 301 and calculates the character of target output PG according to equation (13), but the invention is not restricted to the method.As among superincumbent second to the 7th embodiment, generated output restriction PL1 and PL2 can be provided, be used to calculate target output PG.

Now the operation of above-described embodiments of the invention will be described by reference Figure 27.

In Figure 27, figure (a) has drawn accelerator opening, and figure (b) has drawn vehicle velocity signal, and figure (c) has drawn the engine command torque, figure (d) has drawn torque command Tt, and schemes motor power demand Pm and the target output PG that (e) drawn engine 7.

When accelerator opening as shown in the figure (a) of Figure 27 and when changing, front-wheel speed V _FRAnd V _FLAs represented and change trailing wheel speed V by the dotted line among the figure (b) of Figure 27 _RRAnd V _RLAs represented by little by little ruling among the figure (b) of Figure 27 and change, and the result, car speed V is as represented by the solid line among the figure (b) of Figure 27 and change.

Represent the torque demand signal Tet that ECM determines according to accelerator opening etc. by the dotted line among the figure (c) of Figure 27, and, the torque demand signal Te that modulates by the front-wheel traction control of TCS controller 8F represented by the solid line among the figure (c) of Figure 27.

Fine rule among the figure of Figure 27 (d) is the first motor force T Δ V, and little by little line is the second motor force Tv.Shown in the detailed diagram of the target motor torque calculating unit 8A among Figure 10, being in the signal of selecting when selecting height mode at the first motor force T Δ V and the second motor force Tv is target torque Ttt, and, if we are according to trailing wheel speed V _RRAnd V _RLAnd the relation between the car speed V and supposing will can not carry out trailing wheel TCS control, so, Tt=Ttt, and the thick line among this figure by Figure 27 (d) is represented.

Power calculation parts 8B is based on this torque command Tt and calculating motor power demand Pm, and the dotted line among this figure by Figure 27 (e) is represented.Target generated output calculating unit 101 among Figure 10 comes calculating generator power demand Pg based on motor power demand Pm.At this moment, if greater than generator power demand Pg, so, the target output PG of generator 7 equals generator power demand Pg from the Power Limitation PL1 of generated output limiter 102 output and PL2 for our supposition, and the solid line among this figure by Figure 27 (e) is represented.

Based on the various signals of being exported, by carrying out the magnetic field control of generator in the mode of above-mentioned first to the 7th embodiment, and obtain the result shown in the figure (f) to (h) of Figure 27.

The figure of Figure 27 (f) shows the real output P of generator 7.From then on be clear that among the figure: real output P and the target output PG coupling of being represented by the solid line among the figure (e) of Figure 27, this tells us: generator 7 is suitably being exported the power that it should be exported.

The figure of Figure 27 (g) shows the power output Po of motor 4.From then on be clear that among the figure: the power output Po of motor 4 and the motor power demand Pm coupling of representing by the dotted line among the figure (e) of Figure 27, this tells us: generator is the required power of output motor 4 suitably, so that make motor torque T coupling torque command Tt.

In addition, the figure of Figure 27 (h) shows the motor torque T that is produced by motor 4.From then on be clear that among the figure: motor torque T and the torque command Tt coupling of representing by the thick line among the figure (d) of Figure 27.

Thus, among the embodiment of Miao Shuing, by generator 7 and AC motor 4 is combined, can carry out suitable motor torque control by using inverter in the above, be three-phase alternating current with the DC power transfer that will provide from generator 7 by rectifier.Its effect is: share simplicity and 4WD aspect of performance at fuel economy, shared passenger carriage space, simple installation, platform and have more advantage than traditional mechanical 4WD system.

As being used for describing top embodiment here, the operation that here use be used for describing undertaken by assembly, parts, equipment etc. or the term " detection " of function comprise the assembly that do not need physical detection, parts, equipment etc., but further, it comprises and is used for realizing operating or the determining of function, measurement, modeling, prediction or calculating etc.The term " configuration " of assembly, parts or part of the equipment of describing of being used for that here uses comprises: the hardware and/or the software that are configured and/or are programmed to realize desired function.In addition, the term that is represented as " device adds function " in the claims should comprise the arbitrary structures of the function that can be utilized to realize this part of the present invention.Here use such as " in fact ", " about " and the degree term of " pact " mean and the reasonable departure of modification item make final result can significantly not change.For example, if this deviation can not negate the implication of the word of its modification, these terms can be interpreted as the deviation at least ± 5% that comprises modification item.

Although only selected selected embodiment that the present invention is described, those skilled in the art will from then on openly middlely understand, and can make various changes and modification here, and do not deviate from the scope of the present invention as defining in claims.In addition, only be used to illustrate rather than, describe and provide more than according to an embodiment of the invention in order to limit as purpose of the present invention by claims and equivalent definition thereof.Thus, scope of the present invention is not limited to disclosed embodiment.

Claims

1, a kind of generated power control system that is used for motor vehicle driven by mixed power, this motor vehicle driven by mixed power has: generator, it is configured to by the internal combustion engine drives that drives the first round; And the AC motor, it is by being configured to that generated output is provided to the inverter of AC motor from generator, can't help second of internal combustion engine drives and takes turns and drive, and this generated power control system comprises:

Motor power (output) calculates parts, is configured to calculate the AC motor power (output) needs of AC motor;

Target generated output calculating unit is configured to based on calculating the AC motor power (output) needs that component computes goes out by motor power (output), will be by the target generated output of generator generation and calculate; And

The magnetic field control assembly is configured to the target generated output that calculates based on by target generated output calculating unit, controls the generated output that is produced by generator by the magnetic field of control generator.

2, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:

Load changes parts, and it is configured to change the load on the inverter;

Target generating voltage calculating unit, it is configured to the target generated output that calculates by by target generated output calculating unit, will be by the target generating voltage of generator output and calculate; And

Target generation current calculating unit, it is configured to the target generated output that calculates by by target generated output calculating unit, will be and calculate by the target generation current of generator output,

The magnetic field control assembly also is configured to: the magnetic field of control generator, make a desired value in target generating voltage and the target generation current as the magnetic field of control generator, and

Load changes parts and also is configured to: change the load on the inverter, make in target generating voltage and the target generation current another as the desired value that changes the load on the inverter.

3, generated power control system as claimed in claim 2 also comprises:

The PWM control assembly, it is configured to by control inverter the PWM wave voltage is applied to the AC motor, and load to change parts be that pulse duration changes parts, it is configured to change by the pulse duration that changes the PWM wave voltage load of inverter.

4, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly comprises: power output is calculated parts, and it is configured to come according to the output voltage of generator and output current the real output of calculating generator; And generator output control part spare, it is configured to control the magnetic field of generator, makes the real output that is gone out by power output calculating component computes be substantially equal to the target generated output.

5, generated power control system as claimed in claim 4 also comprises:

The exciting current sensing part, it is configured to the exciting current of sensing generator, and generating output control part spare uses the exciting current by exciting current sensing part sensing to carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL, makes real output be substantially equal to the target generated output.

6, generated power control system as claimed in claim 4, wherein,

Generator output control part spare comprises the duty ratio control assembly, and the PWM duty ratio that it is configured to control the exciting current drive circuit of generator makes real output be substantially equal to the target generated output.

7, generated power control system as claimed in claim 6, wherein,

The duty ratio control assembly also is configured to based on the supply voltage amount of exciting current drive circuit the PWM duty ratio is set.

8, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly comprises target exciting current calculating unit, it is configured to: based on the generated output characteristic of the rotating speed that comprises generator at least as a parameter, and the target exciter current of generator of calculating generator makes generator will export the power greater than the target generated output, and

The magnetic field control assembly also is configured to: carry out control, make the exciting current of generator reach the target exciter current of generator that is calculated by target exciting current calculating unit.

9, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly comprises: the target voltage calculating unit, and it is configured to calculate the required target voltage of AC motor; And the target current calculating unit, it is configured to based target generated output and target voltage, and calculates the required target current of AC motor, and

The magnetic field control assembly also is configured to control the magnetic field of generator, makes the generator output voltage of generator and generator output current be substantially equal to target voltage and target current respectively.

10, generated power control system as claimed in claim 9, wherein,

The target voltage calculating unit is configured to calculate target voltage based on torque command and motor speed, and

The target current calculating unit is configured to by the target generated output is calculated target current divided by target voltage.

11, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly is configured to: according to the corresponding Power Limitation value of the upper limit that drives the moment of torsion that the generating leather machine belting can transmit, the upper limit of coming the target setting generated output.

12, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly is configured to: prevent because the Power Limitation value that the cornering ability that the overload that occurs on explosive motor causes reduces by use, the upper limit of target generated output is provided.

13, generated power control system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:

The vehicle drive force calculating unit, it is configured to calculate the required actuating force of motor vehicle driven by mixed power; And

The motor force calculating unit, it is configured to the vehicle drive force that calculates based on by the vehicle drive force calculating unit, will be and calculate by the actuating force of AC motor output,

Motor power (output) calculates parts, and it is configured to the motor force that calculates based on by the motor force calculating unit, and the motor power (output) that calculates the AC motor needs.

14, generated power control system as claimed in claim 13 also comprises:

Load changes parts, and it is configured to change the load on the inverter;

15, generated power control system as claimed in claim 14 also comprises:

The PWM control assembly, it is configured to by control inverter the PWM wave voltage is applied to the AC motor, and it is that pulse duration changes parts that load changes parts, and it is configured to change by the pulse duration that changes the PWM wave voltage load of inverter.

16, generated power control system as claimed in claim 13, wherein,

17, generated power control system as claimed in claim 16 also comprises:

18, generated power control system as claimed in claim 16, wherein,

Generating output control part spare comprises the duty ratio control assembly, and the PWM duty ratio that it is configured to control the exciting current drive circuit of generator makes real output be substantially equal to the target generated output.

19, generated power control system as claimed in claim 18, wherein,

20, generated power control system as claimed in claim 13, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly comprises target exciting current calculating unit, it is configured to: based on comprising the generated output characteristic of generator speed as a parameter at least, and the target exciter current of generator of calculating generator makes generator will export the power greater than the target generated output, and

The magnetic field control assembly also is configured to carry out control, makes the exciting current of generator become the target exciter current of generator that is calculated by target exciting current calculating unit.

21, generated power control system as claimed in claim 13, wherein,

22, generated power control system as claimed in claim 21, wherein,

23, generated power control system as claimed in claim 13, wherein,

The magnetic field control assembly is configured to: by the upper limit corresponding Power Limitation value of use with the moment of torsion that can be transmitted by the belt of driving generator, provide the upper limit of target generated output.

24, generated power control system as claimed in claim 13, wherein,

25, a kind of control method that is used for the generated output of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, this motor vehicle driven by mixed power has: generator, it is configured to by the internal combustion engine drives that drives the first round; And the AC motor, it is by being configured to that generated output is provided to the inverter of AC motor from generator, can't help second of internal combustion engine drives and takes turns and drive, and the method for this generated output control comprises:

The AC motor power (output) that calculates the AC motor needs;

Based on the AC motor power (output) needs that calculate, will be and calculate by the target generated output of generator generation; And

Based target generated output and control the magnetic field of generator.