CN1795943A - 微波全身或区域性加热方法和装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种微波全身或区域性加热方法和装置；方法是，由非相干微波源输出彼此相位无关的多路微波至相应的由多个电磁透镜组成的电磁透镜天线阵，它在人体周围形成一伪均匀微波场，用电扫描方法调整其均匀度并实现全身或区域性深部加热；装置是，电磁透镜天线阵由多个电磁透镜天线阵阵元构成，非相干微波源的多个输出端口中的每一输出端口对应同一个阵元的辐射器相连接，由多个温度传感器组成的测温系统的信号输出端同计算机控制单元的信号接口相连接，计算机控制单元的控制信号输出接口同非相干微波源的多路输入控制端对应连接。本发明可进行全身加热或区域性深部加热，不易灼伤人体浅表层组织，从而有效克服了已有技术的不足。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微波对人体进行全身或区域性加热的方法和装置。
背景技术
中晚期癌症的综合治疗方法中热疗已成为重要手段之一，全身热疗也更多地为医生所采用。国内外传统的全身热疗装置均采用远红外加热系统，它是将远红外发热材料分布的舱形装置的四壁。此小舱能容纳一人躺在其内，仅留头部在小舱外。分布在四壁的远红外器件发射远红外波对人体躯干及四肢的皮肤加热。由于热传导的作用，皮肤的热量逐渐向皮下脂肪和肌肉组织传递，随着肌肉组织温度的缓慢上升，肌肉组织中的血液也被加热，随后再由血液循环带到人体深部各处，使全身温度逐渐升高，并反馈至计算机信息处理系统，对远红外功率进行控制，保证既不灼伤皮肤又能达到治疗温度。此类装置有下列不足：1.远红外线穿透深度极浅，既不能穿透皮肤，更不能穿透皮下脂肪和肌肉组织，只能依靠皮肤、脂肪及肌肉的热传导作用，缓慢地向体内传热。2.长时间暴露在46℃以上的温度下会使人体大部分部位的皮肤被灼伤，而肌肉等其他组织的细胞在43℃就会部分凋亡，因此，红外舱内的温度必须限定在45℃以下。人体的正常体温为37℃，温差仅8℃左右，这就决定了上述传热过程十分缓慢，温度上升很慢，加热时间很长。3.病人的身体长时间置于45°C左右的密封的红外线舱是无法忍受的。因此，治疗时必须对病人实施全麻，这将带来另外的风险。4.此类全身热疗设备不能用于区域性深部热疗，局限性较大。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是，针对现有技术存在的缺陷，提出一种微波全身或区域性加热方法和装置，利用非相干原理和电磁透镜天线阵技术在人体周围形成一个伪均匀微波场，且该微波场的分布和均匀度都可调节，它可透入肌肉组织2-3cm，直接对肌肉和肌肉组织内的血液加热，实施全身加热或区域性深部加热时，温度上升速度快，加热时间缩短，病人感觉舒适而无需全身麻醉，不易灼伤浅表层组织，以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明的技术方案之一是，所述微波全身或区域性加热方法是，由非相干微波源输出彼此相位无关的多路微波至电磁透镜天线阵各阵元，该天线阵各阵元较均匀分布于人体周围而在人体周围形成一伪均匀微波场，用电扫描方法调整所述微波场的均匀度或微波场的分布，以实现全身加热或区域性深部加热。
本发明的技术方案之二是，所述微波全身或区域性加热装置有非相干微波源、电磁透镜天线阵、计算机信息处理系统、测温系统；其结构特点是，所述电磁透镜天线阵由安装在支撑框架上并较均匀分布于人体周围的多个阵元构成，每个电磁透镜天线阵阵元由一个辐射器和一个安装在该辐射器口面前方的电磁透镜组成；非相干微波源有多个输出端口，可输出多路(例如2-36路或更多)彼此相位无关的微波，每一输出端口分别同电磁透镜天线阵一个阵元的辐射器相连接；由多个温度传感器组成的测温系统的信号输出端同计算机信息处理系统的相应信号接口相连接；所述计算机信息处理系统的多路控制信号输出接口同非相干微波源的多路控制端对应连接。
以下对本发明作出进一步说明。
本发明中，所述多路相位无关微波是指由于各路微波的相位无关因而叠加时不产生干涉现象的多路微波。所述全身加热是指对人体躯干和四肢同时进行加热。
所述电扫描方法是，实际使用时，测温系统监测出人体各不同部位的温度，将这些温度信号送至计算机信息处理系统，计算机信息处理系统对天线阵的每个单元分别执行独立控制，由其调节非相干微波源的输出功率及其在各阵元的分配，保证有足够的温升而又不致灼伤肌肤。
所述电磁透镜天线阵可做成不同形式的布局，以适应不同的需要。
本发明的工作原理是，用电磁透镜天线阵将多路微波都转变成一束束准平面波环绕人体分布，非相干微波源输出的多路微波彼此相位无关，经电磁透镜天线阵后不会产生干涉现象，无过热点产生，叠加后易于在人体周围形成一伪均匀微波场，因而穿透深度更深，同时对身体各部位深层的肌肉和血液加热，保证病人体温上升到治疗温度所需时间大大缩短。伪均匀微波场可穿透皮肤和脂肪层，透入肌肉组织2-3cm，直接对肌肉和肌肉组织内的血液加热，并通过血液循环将热量带至全身个部位，确保全身温度迅速升高，实施全身热疗；也可借助电扫描方法使微波场退出伪均匀场的模式，形成一加热中心，加热中心按操作人员的设定指向预定区域(通常为病灶所在区)，使其温度高于周边区域的温度，实施区域性深部热疗。伪均匀微波场分布在人体周围，在加热总功率不变的条件下单位面积所承受的功率密度相对小一些，对各处加热都较温和，加之病人周围无密封的小舱，空气温度为正常室温(20℃-30℃)，病人感觉舒服而无需全身麻醉，减少了不必要的风险，也不易灼伤浅表层组织，克服了现有技术的不足。
由以上可知，本发明为微波全身或区域性加热方法和装置，它利用利用非相干原理和电磁透镜天线阵技术在人体周围形成一伪均匀微波场，用电扫描调节微波场均匀度或微波场的分布，微波可透入肌肉组织2-3cm，温升均衡、快速，可进行全身加热或区域性深部加热，不易灼伤人体浅表层组织，从而有效克服了已有技术的不足。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述装置的结构框图
图2是电磁透镜天线阵的一种实施例的布局图
图3是计算机信息处理系统的结构框图
在图中：
1-电磁透镜天线阵， 2-非相干微波源，
3-计算机信息处理系统， 4-测温系统，
5-电磁透镜天线阵的支撑框架， 6-电磁透镜天线阵的阵元。
7-软件包 8-计算机
9-接口电路
具体实施方式
实施例1：微波全身或区域性加热方法，由非相干微波源输出30路彼此相位无关的微波分别送至电磁透镜天线阵对应的30个阵元，各阵元较均匀分布于人体周围而在人体周围形成一伪均匀微波场，用电扫描方法调整微波场的分布或均匀度，实施全身或区域性深部加热。相关工作参数见下述实施例2。
实施例2：微波全身或区域性加热装置，如图1所示，它包括非相干微波源2、电磁透镜天线阵1、计算机信息处理系统3、测温系统4，电磁透镜天线阵1由安装在图2所示支撑框架5(该支撑框架由图2所示底部框架和位于其上方的上部框架组成)上的30个阵元6构成，非相干微波源2有相应的30个输出端口，输出30路彼此相位无关的微波，总输出功率≤3.0KW，且送到各端口的输出功率均＜400W；工作频率2.45G(可在0.5-10G范围内选择)；电磁透镜天线阵1的每个阵元均由一辐射器和一电磁透镜构成，每个阵元6对应与非相干微波源2的一个输出端口连接，且电磁透镜的折射率n＝1.23(n最佳值为1.2-1.3)；送到各阵元的微波功率由计算机信息处理系统3分别调节与控制，采用电扫描方法既可调节微波场的均匀度，使它们工作于伪均匀微波场的模式用于全身加热；也可调整微波场的分布，使其退出伪均匀微波场的模式，形成加热中心，用于区域性深部加热。测温系统4有8个测温探头(温度传感器)，每4个分为一组(共二组)，独立测温，测温误差＜0.3℃。
Claims (3)
1、一种微波全身或区域性加热方法，其特征是，由非相干微波源输出彼此相位无关的多路微波至电磁透镜天线阵各阵元，该天线阵各阵元较均匀分布于人体周围而在人体周围形成一伪均匀微波场，用电扫描方法调整所述微波场的均匀度或微波场的分布、实现全身加热或区域性深部加热。
2、一种微波全身或区域性加热装置，有非相干微波源、电磁透镜天线阵、计算机信息处理系统、测温系统，其特征是，所述电磁透镜天线阵由安装在支撑框架上并较均匀分布于人体周围的多个阵元构成，每个电磁透镜天线阵阵元由一个辐射器和安装在该辐射器口面前方的一个电磁透镜组成；可输出多路彼此相位无关微波的非相干微波源的多个输出端口中，每一输出端口对应同一个阵元的辐射器相连接；由多个温度传感器组成的测温系统的信号输出端同计算机信息处理系统的相应信号接口相连接，所述计算机信息处理系统的控制信号输出接口同非相干微波源的多路输入控制端对应连接。
3、根据权利要求1所述的微波全身或区域性加热装置，其特征是，所述电磁透镜由折射率n＞1的介质材料或人造介质材料制成。
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| CN101778650B (zh) * | 2006-12-08 | 2013-04-10 | 班戈大学 | 皮肤治疗设备 |
| WO2008151469A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | Changxue Ren | Heating device and method using a pseudo-uniform electromagnetic field |
| CN110448812A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-15 | 河北亿邦医疗设备股份有限公司 | 一种微波热疗与测温一体化装置 |
| CN111388869A (zh) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-07-10 | 陈柯 | 一种三维微波治疗仪控制系统及其控制方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070244530A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| US8068919B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 |
| CN100402110C (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
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