Integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with the environmental protection equipment field, refers in particular to a kind of integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage.
Background technology
At present, contrast aerobe treatment technology, the advantage of anaerobic treatment is: (1) does not need oxygen supply, saves process cost; (2) the mud generation lacks 3~20 times than aerobic processes, and mud is easily handled; (3) less investment is safeguarded etc. easily.And anaerobic process produce biogas, make the energy that is stored in the organism obtain reclaiming.Along with the Chinese Urbanization's process, the quantity discharged of municipal wastewater is increasing, and anaerobic reactor also will be widely used in the municipal sewage treatment field.
Anaerobic treatment is not owing to there is the supply of oxygen, ammonia nitrogen in the sewage can not change into nitrate nitrogen and nitrous acid nitrogen by nitrification, denitrification can't be carried out, so the ammonia nitrogen in the water can't remove, cause the concentration of water outlet ammonia nitrogen of general anaerobic reaction all very high.Equally, polyP bacteria needs anaerobic and aerobic to hocket, and just can reach the removal of phosphorus, and anaerobic environment can't be removed squama separately.Therefore in various fields, use anaerobic technique and aerobic process to combine mostly and handle high-concentration waste water, at first utilize anaerobic treatment that the characteristics of very strong anti-organic loading ability are arranged, high-concentration waste water is done pre-treatment, and then the use aerobic treatment, the place to go of solving residual organic substances, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus.But for municipal wastewater, original concentration is just very low, re-uses aerobic treatment if use anaerobic treatment earlier, will increase processing cost.Therefore for low concentration municipal wastewater, also there is no need to use aerobic and two kinds of technology bonded of anaerobism way.Yet the advantage of anaerobic technique contrast aerobic process is clearly, how directly to use anaerobic technique and handles the problem that municipal wastewater is the needs solution.
EGSB (anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed) is a kind of novel anaerobic reactor, and it can make and produce higher upflow velocity in the reactor, makes granule sludge be swelling state, keeps sewage and microorganism excellent contact state, can adapt to various COD concentration.Concerning the lower concentration municipal wastewater, the EGSB reactor can guarantee the good treatment effect.But domestic also do not have the application of EGSB on actual engineering, main is exactly because the concentration height of water outlet ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, the anaerobion growth is slow, recirculated water can not effectively utilize water pump to pump into reactor, the swelling state of the mud of inoculating in the reactor is bad, and channeling takes place easily, and sewage can better not contact with mud, for the lower concentration municipal wastewater, fully contacting of sewage and mud is extremely important especially.Normally used in the past adsorption column filler is a gac, but a little less than the fluctuation buffering of active carbon adsorption column to ammonia nitrogen, shows as influent ammonia nitrogen and raise, and the water outlet ammonia nitrogen also raises.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention just is: at the technical problem of prior art existence, the invention provides a kind of municipal effluent that can adapt to lower concentration, the COD and can effectively solve the shortcoming that anaerobic biological treatment can not denitrogenation dephosphorizing of effectively degrading, make water outlet COD, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus all can reach the integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage of municipal sewage treatment first discharge standard.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the solution that the present invention proposes is: a kind of integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage, it comprises water tank inlet, reactor, adsorption column and processing water tank, the water-in of described reactor bottom links to each other with water tank inlet by pipeline, and the water outlet of reactor head links to each other with the processing water tank by pipeline; The water inlet of reactor bottom is provided with the reactor sieve plate, the water outlet place of reactor head is provided with triphase separator, adsorption column is arranged at reactor and handles between the water tank, it is characterized in that: the weighting material at described adsorption column middle part is a zeolite, and sieve plate all is equipped with at adsorption column water inlet and adsorption column water outlet place.
Described reactor outer wall parcel is provided with a water bath sleeve, this water bath sleeve is made up of water bath sleeve outer wall and the hot water that is installed in the certain temperature in the water bath sleeve outer wall, offer water-in and water outlet on the water bath sleeve outer wall, this water-in links to each other with the processing water tank by pipeline respectively with water outlet.
Described processing water tank is divided into three chambeies, and a chamber is a heating chamber, and a chamber is a torus, also having a chamber is water chamber, separate with dividing plate between three cavitys, wherein offer overflow weir on the dividing plate between torus and the water chamber, offer on the water chamber wall and the extraneous water outlet that communicates; The two ends of torus link to each other with reactor with adsorption column by pipeline respectively; Be provided with heating unit in the heating chamber, the two ends of heating chamber link to each other with water outlet with the water-in of water bath sleeve by pipeline respectively.
Described reactor sieve plate is divided into two-layer, is furnished with first sieve plate and second sieve plate respectively along the direction of water inlet current, and the sieve aperture of offering on first sieve plate is cylindrical, and its water entering surface bore is with to go out water surface bore the same; The sieve aperture of second sieve plate is conical, and its bore narrows down gradually along water (flow) direction.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention just is:
1, the adsorption column of integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage of the present invention is filled as filler with zeolite, and this zeolite adsorption post but has good reduction effect to the peak value of ammonia nitrogen, and the water outlet ammonia nitrogen is very low always; Saturated zeolite can be reused with 5% NaCl regeneration, and the regenerated liquid after the use can be made nitrogenous fertilizer; Sieve plate is equipped with in the lower inlet place and the exit, top of adsorption column, because the reactor water flow is big, therefore, the flow velocity that enters adsorption column is also just high, the sieve plate at lower inlet place guarantees that water distribution is even, and the sieve plate that top exports out prevents that flow velocity from causing the loss of zeolite too greatly, influences adsorption effect;
2, the reactor sieve plate of integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage of the present invention adopts double-deck sieve plate design, the sieve aperture of offering on first sieve plate is cylindrical, the water entering surface bore is with to go out water surface bore the same, it is even to make inlet chest flow to the current water distribution and the flow velocity of reactor, and the sieve aperture of offering on second sieve plate is taper shape, and the water entering surface bore is greater than going out water surface bore.By being used in combination of first sieve plate and second sieve plate, realized that water distribution is even, increased the flow velocity that current enter reactor, strengthened the upflow velocity of current in reactor, guaranteed that mud contacts fully with organism, has strengthened treatment effect;
3, integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage of the present invention wraps up on the outer wall of reactor and is provided with water bath sleeve, and this water bath sleeve is communicated with heating chamber in handling water tank, form internal recycle, and can utilize the homo(io)thermism of the heating unit maintenance recirculated water in the heating chamber, thereby utilize the water of the steady temperature in this water bath sleeve, reactor is worked under the constant temp all the time, the microorganism in the seed sludge can be grown under optimum temperature, improve the organic ability of microbiological deterioration and the speed of growth;
4, the processing water tank of integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage of the present invention is divided into heating chamber, torus and water chamber, separate with dividing plate between three cavitys, wherein offer overflow weir on the dividing plate between torus and the water chamber, when the water excess in the torus, then can be discharged in the water chamber by overflow weir automatically after rising to the elevation of water surface of overflow weir, flow out from the outlet that water chamber is offered, so just not be used in and directly leave the mouth of a river on the reactor, make air be difficult for entering, not only simplified the structure of reactor, guaranteed further that also whole reactor is in anaerobic state all the time, increased the effect of anaerobic reaction, going out water cycle in addition can also further degrade undegradable organism, has also guaranteed the nutrition of water inlet.The two ends of torus link to each other with reactor with adsorption column by pipeline respectively, and the water through reactor and adsorption column is turned back to again in the reactor, form circulation, and the effect of these recirculated waters is exactly to increase upflow velocity, and mud is fully expanded.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of reactor triphase separator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of A-A among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the local enlarged diagram of reactor bottom of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section of B-B among Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic cross-section of C-C among Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of adsorption column of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional schematic of overlooking that the present invention handles water tank;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that the present invention handles the water tank median septum.
Marginal data
1, water tank inlet 2, reactor
21, water-in 22, water outlet
31, the first layer sieve plate 32, second layer sieve plate
33, sieve aperture 4, adsorption column
41, weighting material 42, sieve plate
43, adsorption column water-in 44, adsorption column water outlet
5, handle water tank 51, heating chamber
52, torus 53, water chamber
54, overflow weir 55, water port
56, dividing plate 6, water bath sleeve
61, water bath sleeve outer wall 62, hot water
7, triphase separator 71, escape pipe
72, solid phase is separated slope 8, circulating pipe
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, integral treatment apparatus for urban sewage of the present invention comprises water tank inlet 1, reactor 2, adsorption column 4 and handles water tank 5, wherein the water-in 21 of reactor 2 bottoms links to each other with water tank inlet 1 by pipeline, and the water outlet 22 at reactor 2 tops links to each other with processing water tank 5 by pipeline; Water-in 21 places of reactor 2 bottoms are provided with the reactor sieve plate, and water outlet 22 places at reactor 2 tops are provided with triphase separator 7, are provided with an adsorption column 4 in addition between reactor 2 and processing water tank 5.On the outside of reactor 2 outer walls, be enclosed with a water bath sleeve 6, this water bath sleeve 6 is by water bath sleeve outer wall 61 and the hot water 62 that is installed in the certain temperature in the water bath sleeve outer wall 61, offer water-in and water outlet on water bath sleeve 61 outer walls, this water-in links to each other with processing water tank 5 by pipeline respectively with water outlet, forms water cycle.Utilize the hot water 62 of the steady temperature in this water bath sleeve 6, reactor 2 is worked under the constant temp all the time, thereby the microorganism in the seed sludge can be grown under optimum temperature, improve the organic ability of microbiological deterioration.
As shown in Figure 2, triphase separator 7 of the present invention adopts the upside down funnel shape, its middle part is provided with an escape pipe 71, the former water that enters reactor 2 is through after the processing of reactor 2, liquid water will flow out by triphase separator 7 water outlets, flow to the adsorption column 4 that links to each other with reactor 2 by pipeline, the gasiform material then will enter triphase separator 7 middle part upside down funnel and discharge with escape pipe 71, and mud separates slope 72 with suspended substance by solid phase and comes back in the reactor 2.
As Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, this reactor sieve plate designs for doubling plate, direction along the water inlet current is furnished with first sieve plate 31 and second sieve plate 32 (direction of arrow is the into direction of water current among the figure) respectively, the sieve aperture of offering on first sieve plate 31 33 is for cylindrical, the water entering surface bore is with to go out water surface bore the same, it is even to make water tank inlet 1 flow to the current water distribution and the flow velocity of reactor 2, and the sieve aperture of offering on second sieve plate 32 33 is for conical, and the water entering surface bore is greater than going out water surface bore.If first sieve plate 31 is only arranged, owing to cylindrical sieve aperture 33 not only becomes the speed of current evenly, and will make flow velocity slack-off, thereby make sieve aperture 33 be blocked by the mud in the reactor 2 easily, be easy to take place " channel " phenomenon; And the sieve aperture 33 of second sieve plate 32 is conical, and its bore narrows down gradually along water (flow) direction, and therefore when current flow through, flow velocity can constantly accelerate, and is easy to so just the mud of blocking sieve aperture 33 be gone out, and has effectively avoided the generation of " channel " phenomenon.Being used in combination of first sieve plate 31 and second sieve plate 32 realized that water distribution is even, increased the flow velocity that current enter reactor 2, strengthened the upflow velocity of current in reactor 2, guaranteed that mud contacts fully with organism, has strengthened treatment effect.
As shown in Figure 7, adsorption column 4 of the present invention adopts upflowing in a tubular form, and the adsorption column water-in 43 of its underpart links to each other with the water outlet of reactor 2
exit triphase separators 7, and 44 of the adsorption column water outlets on top link to each other with processing water tank 5 by pipeline.Sieve
plate 42 is equipped with at adsorption column water-in 43 places and adsorption
column water outlet 44 places.Because reactor 2 water flows are big, therefore, the flow velocity that enters adsorption column 4 is also just high, and the
sieve plate 42 at lower inlet place can guarantee that water distribution is even, and the
sieve plate 42 in exit, top can prevent that flow velocity from causing the loss of zeolite too greatly, influences adsorption effect.Adsorption column 4
intermediary weighting materials 41 are zeolite, and the effect of zeolite adsorption post 4 of the present invention is: 1. ammonia nitrogen is removed in ion-exchange.Zeolite is a kind of porous silicoaluminate, mainly is made up of the SiO tetrahedron in its crystal structure, wherein part Si
4+Be Al
3+Replace, cause charge excess.Therefore, determined it that character such as absorption and ion-exchange are arranged.The special structure of zeolite makes it to amine nitrogen very strong ion exchange be arranged.Zeolite to cationic exchange sequence is: Cs
+>Rb
+>K
+>NH
4 +>Ba
2+>Sr
2+>Na
+>Ca
2+>Fe
3+>Al
3+>Mg
2+>Li
+Thereby zeolite has very strong selection adsorptive power to ammonia nitrogen as can be seen.2. phosphorus is removed in absorption.Macropore in the zeolite can adsorb and store a large amount of molecules, therefore can adsorb phosphoric acid salt, realizes the removal of phosphorus.3. removal peculiar smell.4. remove the suspended substance and the colloid of water outlet, make water outlet limpid.5. improve and water ph value, improve basicity, also just increased the surge capability of recirculated water simultaneously water inlet.Sewage and water outlet acidifying phenomenon for low pH value has good shock absorption especially.This be because water in except there being NH
4 +~N also has NH
3H
2O.NH
3H
2O and NH
4 +~N is in equilibrium state.Equilibrium equation is
。Zeolite adsorption NH
4 +, can cause balance to move right, must increase OH like this
-Concentration, cause water ph value to raise.
As Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, processing water tank 5 of the present invention is divided into three chambeies, one chamber is a heating chamber 51, one chamber is a torus 52, also having a chamber is water chamber 53, separate with dividing plate 56 between three cavitys, wherein offer overflow weir 54 on the dividing plate 56 between torus 52 and the water chamber 53, when the water excess in the torus 52, then can be discharged in the water chamber 53 by overflow weir 54 automatically after rising to the elevation of water surface of overflow weir 54, the water port of offering from water chamber 53 that is in communication with the outside 55 flows out, so just not be used in and directly open the water outlet that is in communication with the outside on the reactor 2, make air be difficult for entering, not only simplified the structure of reactor 2, guaranteed further that also whole reactor 2 is in anaerobic state all the time, has increased the effect of anaerobic reaction, going out water cycle in addition can also further degrade undegradable organism, has also guaranteed the nutrition of water inlet.The two ends of torus 52 link to each other with reactor 2 with adsorption column 4 by pipeline respectively, and the water through reactor 2 and adsorption column 4 is turned back to again in the reactor 2, form circulation, and the effect of these recirculated waters is exactly to increase upflow velocity, and mud is fully expanded.Therefore, whether abundance is very important for recirculated water.Be provided with heating unit in the heating chamber 51, the two ends of heating chamber 51 link to each other with water outlet with the water-in of water bath sleeve 6 by pipeline respectively, form internal recycling, by heating unit, make this follow intra-annular water and remain steady temperature.
Utilize the flow process of device Treating Municipal Sewage of the present invention to be: referring to the water (flow) direction (direction of arrow) among Fig. 1 and Fig. 8 and Fig. 1, former water (municipal effluent that needs processing) is stored in water tank inlet 1, pump into reactor 2 with water pump, in the reaction zone of reactor 2, inoculate anaerobic grain sludge, organism in the sewage obtains removing by the degraded of microorganism in the mud, the methane that produces, gases such as carbonic acid gas separate by triphase separator 7 gas skirts, discharge by escape pipe 71 again, the part suspended solid is got back in the reactor 2 by solids constituent 72 separation from the slope of triphase separator 7; Liquid water then flows out by water outlet, enters zeolite adsorption post 4 then, and the water outlet by zeolite adsorption post 4 flow in the circulating water cavity 52, and the water pump in the circulating water cavity 52 is pumped into water in the reactor 2 again, to increase the current upflow velocity, makes sludge bulking.Unnecessary water flows out by the overflow weir on the dividing plate 56 between torus 52 and the water chamber 53 54, is drained in the physical environment.Also under meter can be installed further on the pipeline of former water water inlet and recirculated water water inlet,, reach best treatment effect with dominant discharge and load.Heating chamber 51 enters water bath sleeve 6 by water pipe, flows back to heating chamber 51 by water pipe again, realizes circulation.Be provided with heating unit in the heating chamber 51, such as temperature controller, thereby can control the temperature that enters hot water in the water bath sleeve, the microorganism in the seed sludge can grow under optimum temperature in the reactor 2 thereby make, and has improved the organic ability of microbiological deterioration.