CN1788171A - Spring device, especially for the rail vehicle sector - Google Patents
Spring device, especially for the rail vehicle sector Download PDFInfo
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- CN1788171A CN1788171A CN 200480012776 CN200480012776A CN1788171A CN 1788171 A CN1788171 A CN 1788171A CN 200480012776 CN200480012776 CN 200480012776 CN 200480012776 A CN200480012776 A CN 200480012776A CN 1788171 A CN1788171 A CN 1788171A
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- spring
- laminated
- bellows
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spring device (1), above all for the rail vehicle sector, particularly for absorbing shocks between a bogie and a superstructure. Said spring device (1) encompasses a combination of at least three springs (A, B, C), i.e.: - a first spring (A) comprising a pneumatic cushioning diaphragm (4) that is made of an elastomeric material, is provided especially with an embedded strengthening support, particularly in the form of a criss-crossly stacked diaphragm, is fixed to a support plate (2) and a pneumatic spring seat (5), and encloses an air chamber (6) which has an elastic volume and is connected especially to at least one air supply (7); - a second spring (B) that is disposed between the pneumatic spring seat (5) of the pneumatic cushioning diaphragm (4) and a base (3) and comprises above all a layered spring (8) with at least one elastomer layer; and - a third spring (C) that is located above the support plate (2) as an elastic top bearing and comprises especially a layered spring (9) with at least one elastomer layer.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of spring assembly, especially for the spring assembly in railroad vehicle field, the spring assembly that is used for damping between turning rack and compartment especially, by constituting that at least three springs constitute,
I.e. first spring, comprise the pneumatic spring bellows that constitutes by elastic material, described pneumatic spring bellows especially has the high strength support of embedding, especially equally be cross bellows shape, wherein a side of pneumatic spring bellows be fixed on the dunnage and opposite side is fixed on the pneumatic spring seat and wherein ring enclose a flexible air chamber of volume, described air chamber is connected with at least one tracheal tube;
Second spring, described second spring are arranged between pneumatic spring bellows and the pedestal and particularly comprise the laminated spring with at least one elastic material board; And
The 3rd spring.
In EP0886759B1, disclosed a kind of spring assembly.First spring particularly comprises a cross bellows (DE2904522A1).Second spring is arranged on the outside of first spring and wherein extends to pedestal structure from dunnage always.With above-mentioned different, the 3rd spring is arranged on the piston-shaped pneumatic spring seat, adopts one to be used for pressure head that power is transmitted simultaneously.The helical spring that the second and the 3rd spring is particularly made by steel wire or elastic material.The additional spring of laminated spring form is adopted in suggestion in addition.
In AT002471U1 or DE29620721U1, also disclosed the prior art of relevant band spring and laminated spring in addition.
Particularly importantly laminated spring (a spring module) and pneumatic spring (secondary spring module) in railroad vehicle.Secondary spring module at first is used to guarantee the pneumatic supporting to the compartment.Because vibration and Running noise have obtained absorption, thereby the vibration damping of inputted vibration has been guaranteed comfortable travel.
To the problem of laminated spring be described further below.
Softly combine and to be easy to cause occurring unsettled situation with high laminated spring and pneumatic spring.Characteristic curve will be the decay stretching, extension when skew occurring; The laminated spring upset.Its original state can not be recovered by this system under the situation that keeps vertical force.This situation is because one-sided fixing and cause in the oblique position of the pneumatic spring seat of additional springs side.
Be characterised in that according to the new spring assembly of claim 1 the 3rd spring is a flexible upper bearing that is arranged on above the dunnage for eliminating these problems.
Take the also additional wearing and tearing that reduced the pneumatic spring seat of this measure.
In claim 2 to 29, the useful design of the present invention is described.
The present invention will be further described to contrast accompanying drawing below in conjunction with embodiment.Shown in the figure;
Fig. 1 illustrates the spring assembly with half bellows and two laminated springs, and described laminated spring has three elastomer laminations and the tracheal tube in dunnage respectively;
Fig. 2 illustrates the spring assembly with banded bellows and two laminated springs, and described laminated spring has three elastomer laminations and two tracheal tubes that are arranged in the dunnage respectively;
Fig. 3 illustrates the rolling bellows and two spring assemblies that have the laminated spring of different laminate structure and a tracheal tube in pedestal with the outer guiding element of band;
Fig. 4 illustrates rolling bellows and two spring assemblies that have an elastomer lamination and a tracheal tube in pedestal respectively with the outer guiding element of band;
Fig. 5 illustrates has banded bellows and three spring assemblies that have the laminated spring of different laminate structure and a tracheal tube in pedestal;
Fig. 6 illustrates the spring assembly that has respectively with the banded bellows of two different laminate structure, and the bearing of its middle and upper part is a universal ball joint;
Fig. 7 illustrates to have the band rolling bellows of outer guiding element and two and has the laminated spring of two elastomer laminations respectively and have universal ball joint and the spring assembly of the guide rod of sliding sleeve.
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of spring assembly 1, comprises the pneumatic spring bellows 4 of the half bellows form that is made of elastomeric material.One side of pneumatic spring bellows is fixed on the dunnage 2 and opposite side is fixed on the pneumatic spring seat 5 and wherein ring enclose a flexible air chamber 6 of volume.In DE4011517A1, disclosed as the fixing situation of the relevant bellows of prior art.The pneumatic spring seat is a fixed plate at this.
Second spring B is a laminated spring 8, has the elastomer lamination of three metals/elastomer composite bodily form formula and wherein has the slightly lamination stretching, extension of angle.Laminated spring and pneumatic spring seat 5 and pedestal 3 constitute total compound body of one.
The 3rd spring C is a flexible upper bearing (metal), be arranged on dunnage (2,11,19) above, have the laminated spring of the elastomer lamination of three metals/elastomer composite bodily form formula equally, having slightly, the lamination of angle stretches.Wherein dunnage has a tracheal tube 7, and described tracheal tube stretches in spring C.
Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of spring assembly 10, has the first spring A, and the outside of the pneumatic spring bellows 12 of first spring has a reinforcing band 13, exactly forms banded bellows.
Second spring B and the 3rd spring C form metal/elastomer composite body as laminated spring 14 or 15, have three elastomer laminations equally respectively, and wherein two spring section sections have basic horizontal and the slightly lamination stretching, extension of angle.
Wherein dunnage 11 has two tracheal tubes.A tracheal tube 16 stretches in spring C.Another tracheal tube 17 is arranged on the outside of spring C.
As shown in Figure 3, spring assembly 18 has the first spring A, and the pneumatic spring bellows 21 of the first spring A is rolling bellows and has an outer guiding element 22 in addition.
Second spring B is a laminated spring 23 that has three elastomer laminations altogether, and it stretches with embodiment shown in Figure 2 similar.Pedestal 20 and pneumatic spring seat 5 have a penetrating tracheal tube 25 as fixed plate, and described tracheal tube stretches in spring B.
The 3rd spring C is a laminated spring 24 equally, has two elastomer laminations altogether, and its stretching, extension is identical with embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 illustrates spring assembly 26, has the first spring A, comprises the pneumatic spring bellows 27 of the rolling film box-like formula that has outer guiding element 22.Pneumatic spring seat 29 is pistons 30, and described piston has a fixed range 31 and a rolling surface 32.Wherein the roll extrusion pleat 28 of pneumatic spring bellows is corresponding with the rolling surface of piston.
Second spring B and the 3rd spring C have metallic elastic bluk recombination body respectively as laminated spring 33 or 34, and described compound body has two elastomer laminations respectively.
Just the tracheal tube that stretches in spring C is referring to embodiment shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 5, spring assembly 35 comprises the first spring A, and the pneumatic spring bellows of described first spring is banded bellows (Fig. 2).
Second spring B comprises spring system B as laminated spring 36 and 41
1And B
2, spring B wherein
1It is a volute spring and a spring B with three elastomer laminations
2Be one and have the slightly elastomer lamination of angle stretching, extension of two its laminations.Volute spring B
1By a spring core 37, an outer sleeve 38 and a bottom compartment 39, the described bottom compartment of formation below the spring core is filled dead zone H.Volute spring B
1Be connected with pneumatic spring seat 5, exactly carry out screw and fix, simultaneously laminated spring B with the spring core
2Be connected with pedestal 42.
The 3rd spring C comprises two elastomer laminations as laminated spring 40.
As shown in Figure 6, the first spring A has a banded bellows (Fig. 2,5).Second spring B is one and has the laminated spring 44 of four elastomer laminations altogether.The 3rd spring C is a laminated spring 45 equally, and wherein said laminated spring has a camber in a unique elastomer lamination scope lamination stretches, and especially forms the universal joint of a sphere.
Spring assembly shown in Figure 7 is different from spring assembly shown in Figure 4, has a guide rod 46, a universal ball joint 47 and a sliding sleeve 48.Just relevant therewith technology sees also patent specification EP0897489B1.
In all embodiments shown in Fig. 1-7, all spring A, B, B
1, B
2All have a common median surface or running shaft X (Fig. 5) with C.
The Reference numeral table of comparisons
1 spring assembly
2 have the gripper shoe of casing air
3 pedestals
4 air spring bellows (half bellows)
5 air spring seats (fixed head)
The air chamber of 6 volume elasticitys
7 tracheal tubes
8 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
9 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
10 spring assemblies
11 have the dunnage of two tracheal tubes
12 pneumatic spring bellows (band bellows)
13 reinforcing bands
14 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
15 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
16 tracheal tubes
17 tracheal tubes
18 spring assemblies
19 do not have the dunnage of tracheal tube
20 have the pedestal of tracheal tube
21 pneumatic spring bellows (rolling bellows)
22 outer guiding elements
23 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
24 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
25 tracheal tubes
26 spring assemblies
27 pneumatic spring bellows (rolling bellows)
28 roll extrusion pleats
29 pneumatic spring seats
30 pistons (rolling piston, plunger)
31 fixed ranges
32 rolling surfaces
33 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
34 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
35 spring assemblies
36 have the laminated spring (volute spring) of three elastomer laminations
37 spring cores
38 outer sleeves
39 bottom compartments
40 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
41 have the laminated spring of three elastomer laminations
42 have the pedestal of tracheal tube
43 tracheal tubes
44 have the laminated spring of four elastomer laminations
45 laminated springs (universal ball joint)
46 universal ball joints
47 ball-joints
48 sliding shaft sleeves
A first spring (pneumatic spring)
B second spring (laminated spring)
Second spring (laminated spring) of B1 in the spring system scope
Second spring (laminated spring) of B2 in the spring system scope
C the 3rd spring (laminated spring)
H spring core is filled the dead zone
X midplane or running shaft
Claims (29)
1. a spring assembly (1,10,8,26,35), especially for the spring assembly in railroad vehicle field, in particular for the spring assembly that is used for damping between turning rack and the compartment, (what C) constitute constitutes, promptly for A, B by at least three springs
First spring (A) comprises the pneumatic spring bellows (4,12 that is made of elastic material, 21,27), described pneumatic spring bellows particularly has the high strength support of the especially cross bellows shape of embedding, wherein a side of pneumatic spring bellows is fixed on that dunnage (2,11,19) goes up and opposite side is fixed on pneumatic spring seat (5,29) go up and wherein encircle and enclose a flexible air chamber of volume (6), described air chamber and at least one tracheal tube (7,16,17,25,43) connect;
Second spring (B), described second spring are arranged between pneumatic spring bellows (4,12,21,27) and the pedestal (3,20,42) and particularly comprise the laminated spring (8,14,23,33,36,41,44) with at least one elastic material board; And
The 3rd spring (C);
It is characterized in that the 3rd spring (C) is arranged on the dunnage (2,11,19) as flexible upper bearing (metal).
2. according to the described spring assembly of claim 1, it is characterized in that the 3rd spring (C) is the laminated spring (9,15,24,34,40,45) with at least one elastic material board.
3. according to the described spring assembly of claim 2, it is characterized in that the laminated spring of the 3rd spring (C) (9,15,24,34,40,45) is metal/elastomer composite body.
4. according to the described spring assembly of claim 2, it is characterized in that the laminated spring of the 3rd spring (C) (9,15,24,34,40,45) is plastics/elastomer composite body, wherein plastics have the characteristic of metalloid, are preferably the plastics of polyethylene ether.
5. according to each described spring assembly in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that the laminated spring of the 3rd spring (C) (9,15,24,34,40,45) has basic horizontal and/or the slightly lamination stretching, extension of angle.
6. according to each described spring assembly in the claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that the laminated spring of the 3rd spring (C) (9,15,24,34,40,45) has at least two elastomer laminations.
7. according to the described spring assembly of claim 6, it is characterized in that, be provided with two or three elastomer laminations.
8. according to each described spring assembly in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that the lamination that the laminated spring of the 3rd spring (C) (9,15,24,34,40,45) has an arc stretches, and especially forms a universal ball joint.
9. according to the described spring assembly of claim 8, it is characterized in that a unique elastomer lamination is only arranged.
10. according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that the pneumatic spring seat (5) of first spring (A) is a fixed plate.
11., it is characterized in that pneumatic spring bellows (4) is half bellows according to the described spring assembly of claim 10.
12., it is characterized in that the outside of pneumatic spring bellows (12) has a reinforcing band (13) according to the described spring assembly of claim 10, exactly form a band bellows.
13., it is characterized in that pneumatic spring bellows (21) is a rolling bellows according to the described spring assembly of claim 10.
14., it is characterized in that the pneumatic spring seat (29) of first spring (A) is a piston (30) according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 9, described piston has a fixed range (31) and a rolling surface (32).
15., it is characterized in that pneumatic spring bellows (27) is a rolling bellows according to the described spring assembly of claim 14, its roll extrusion pleat (28) is corresponding with the rolling surface (32) of piston (30).
16., it is characterized in that roll extrusion bellows (21,27) has an outer guiding element (22) according to claim 13 or 15 described spring assemblies.
17., it is characterized in that the laminated spring of second spring (B) (8,14,23,33,41,44) is a metal/elastomer composite body according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 16.
18., it is characterized in that the laminated spring (8,14 of second spring (B) according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 16,23,33,41,44) be plastics/elastomer composite body, wherein plastics have the metalloid characteristic, preferably the polyethylene ether.
19., it is characterized in that the laminated spring of second spring (B) (8,14,23,33,41,44) has basic horizontal and/or the slightly lamination stretching, extension of angle according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 18.
20., it is characterized in that the laminated spring (36) of second spring (B) is a volute spring according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 18.
21., it is characterized in that the laminated spring (36,41) of second spring (B) is spring system (B according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 18
1, B
2), comprising volute spring (B1,36) and laminated spring (B2,41), described laminated spring has basic horizontal and/or the slightly lamination stretching, extension of angle.
22., it is characterized in that volute spring (B1,36) has a spring core (37), an outer sleeve (38) and a bottom compartment (39) according to claim 20 or 21 described spring assemblies, described bottom compartment forms below spring core filling dead zone (H).
23., it is characterized in that volute spring (B, 36) is connected with spring seat (5) according to claim 21 or 22 described spring assemblies, simultaneously the laminated spring basic horizontal and/or slightly the lamination of angle be connected with pedestal (42) with stretching.
24., it is characterized in that the laminated spring of second spring (B) (8,14,23,33,36,41,44) has at least two elastomer laminations according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 23.
25., it is characterized in that having two to four elastomer laminations according to the described spring assembly of claim 24.
26. according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 25, it is characterized in that, and all springs (A, B, B1, B2 C) has a common median surface or running shaft (X).
27., it is characterized in that dunnage (2,11) has a tracheal tube (7,16) according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 26, described tracheal tube stretches in the 3rd spring (C).
28., it is characterized in that dunnage (11) has an additional tracheal tube (17) according to the described spring assembly of claim 27, described tracheal tube is arranged on the outside of the 3rd spring (C).
29., it is characterized in that pedestal (20,42) and pneumatic spring seat (5) have a penetrating tracheal tube (25,43) according to each described spring assembly in the claim 1 to 26, described tracheal tube stretches in second spring (B).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10325507.9 | 2003-06-04 | ||
DE10325507 | 2003-06-04 | ||
DE10351110.5 | 2003-11-03 |
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CN1788171A true CN1788171A (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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ID=36785099
Family Applications (1)
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CN 200480012776 Pending CN1788171A (en) | 2003-06-04 | 2004-05-26 | Spring device, especially for the rail vehicle sector |
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CN (1) | CN1788171A (en) |
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CN107701642B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-03-23 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Pre-pressing type emergency air spring assembly |
CN107740839A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-27 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of emergent air spring assembly |
CN113969956A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-25 | 湖南弘辉科技有限公司 | Method for improving transverse stability of air spring |
CN113969956B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-08-11 | 湖南弘辉科技有限公司 | Method for improving lateral stability of air spring |
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