CN1784871A - Measuring medium activity patterns in wireless networks and deriving information from the activity patterns - Google Patents
Measuring medium activity patterns in wireless networks and deriving information from the activity patterns Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An apparatus and method is provided for measuring medium activity patterns in wireless networks and deriving information about the radio environment from the measured medium activity/patterns. This invention is three-fold. First, it defines what to measure, including medium idle/busy patterns based on power detection, medium idle/busy pattern based on preamble detection, and medium idle/busy pattern based on virtual sensing. Second, it provides a mechanism for communicating the measurement request and report, as illustration for the case of IEEE 802.11. And last, it defines the information that can be derived given these measurements as discovery of: non-802 devices, 802.11e systems, 802.11e contention-based medium access priorities, 802.11e controlled medium access usage, 802.11b/g existence, and hidden stations.
Description
What the present invention relates to is to measure the media activity and derive the information relevant with radio environment in wireless network from measure the media activity.
In wireless communications environment, media will be shared by a lot of systems, in order to help to carry out provided for radio resources management, is necessary to obtain the information that these systems use media.Because media shares, so anyone can monitor transmissions, collection and analyze the data relevant with transmission, so that the operating position of sign media.
Yet, under normal circumstances be can't be directly it uses the situation of media to other user's queries of media, therefore, our traffic carrying capacity on must the sensing media, and from traffic carrying capacity, collect data, so that derive activity of carrying out and the pattern that is associated with these activities, thereby obtain these data indirectly.
Along with the rapid expansion that WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN uses, current those indirect instruments of collecting these type of data, data being analyzed and characterized wireless network activity of developing.This has wherein comprised wireless protocols analyzer this class can be by observing the instrument that each layer in the storehouse disclose problem.
With the exploitation of instrument is accompanied be, wireless network standards is also in continuous evolution, so that satisfy the demand for any wireless network services.The ieee standard that is used for WLAN is 802.11[1].This standard has been used different physical layers, for example 802.11a[2] and 802.11b[3], the document of each agreement wherein introduced here as a reference comprehensively.Initial IEEE 802.11 standards that are used for WLAN only provide very low data throughout, and 802.11b is published in 1999, and what it was supported is the master data speed that goes up to 11Mbit/s (Mbps).
What the most of WLAN that dispose now used is the 802.11b technology, and it is operated in the frequency band of 2.4GHz, and the theoretical maximum data rate of support is 11Mbps, and its average throughput is then between 4～6Mbps.Because it is to work on the frequency range of 2.4Ghz that a lot of different radio systems have been arranged at present, therefore interference is reduced to minimum just becomes a difficult problem.
Yet, want to recognize video and centralized multimedia application then needs higher data rate, the 802.11a standard that IEEE adopts, be operated in size and be the frequency band of 5GHz, what its was stipulated is the method that is used for to the data rate of 54Mbps, but the actual throughput that realizes is then between 20～25Mbps.In addition, 802.11a also can have four, eight or multichannel more, and this depends on the country that disposes this agreement.
To those WLAN that ensure the quality of products very crucial use, for example by this class of voice delivery technology (VoWIP) of wireless IP concerning the application of delay-sensitive, 802.11e provides service quality (QoS) support for it.The grade of service then provides manageable QoS grade for data, voice and video application.
802.11g provide the data rate between 6～54Mbps, three non-overlapping copies channel, with the backwards compatibility of 802.11b, provide slowly to the speed of 802.11b thereupon, multiple modulation technique is provided in addition.
A lot of non-802.11 equipment all can use this media, and for instance, the cordless telephone of bluetooth equipment, 2.4GHz and even microwave oven can be interference sources, cause the performance of 802.11 networks low through regular meeting thus.
The present invention relates to be a kind of by use busy, not busy cycle sensing result in the wireless medium derive other those in the equipment and the method for the use pattern that is scanned the radio system of working on the media.In a preferred embodiment, wireless device can carry out sensing (this processing being called sensing here) to wireless medium, so that support to collect the relevant information (this being called measurement here) of activity of using media with other wireless devices.Other wireless devices can with described wireless device according to identical communication standard, also can be not according to identical communication standard, in addition, other wireless devices can belong to identical network together with described wireless device, also can not be.
In a preferred embodiment, the wireless device of carrying out sensing can be at certain time (being referred to as sensing hereinafter at interval) sensing wireless medium, and can observe busy and/or not busy cyclic pattern, and/or observes the pattern according to the agreement reference point of time.Hereinafter, the pattern that finally obtains will be called as sensing result.
Following information can obtain from sensing result, and omission or flase drop (be referred to as hereinafter thus and find rather than detect) have all taken place these information
Find non-802.11 equipment
Find the 802.11e radio system by measuring the idle statistical information of media
Find the 802.11e radio system by the behavior on the measurement target beacon transmissions time (TBTT) and/or the transmission opportunity limit (TXOPlimit).Concerning 802.11e MAC, one of them very important feature is transmission opportunity (TXOP).TXOP is defined as certain station and has the right time interval of initiating to transmit, and it was limited by zero-time and maximum duration.Described TXOP obtains by contention (EDCF-TXOP) or is authorized by HC by poll (polled-TXOP).The duration of EDCF TXOP is subject to the width that HC distributes in beacon frame be the TXOPlimit of QBSS.
In medium access, find priority based on contention
Do not having to find to have 802.11 medium access of limit priority under the situation of random back
Find the 802.11b/802.11g radio system
Find hidden station
The invention provides a kind of information of derivation radio system type and behavior from activity pattern, and the equipment and the method that do not communicate with these radio systems have been improved the prior art that is used for WLAN thus.
Figure 1A is a simplified block diagram of describing Basic Service Set (BSS) wireless communication system architecture of having used the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 1B is a simplified block diagram of describing ad hoc (ad hoc-type) independent basic service set (BSS) wireless communication system architecture of having used the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 describes is according to embodiments of the invention and is in the access point (AP) of certain Basic Service Set (BSS) or IBSS inside and the simplified block diagram of each station (STA);
Fig. 3 A describes is according to the embodiment of the invention and is used for the measurement type definition of measurement request element;
Fig. 3 B describes is according to the embodiment of the invention and is used for the measurement request field form of media sensing time histogram request;
What Fig. 3 C described is the channel number definition that is used for radio measurement request;
What Fig. 3 D described is the channel band definition that is used for radio measurement request;
What Fig. 3 E described is that the media sensing that is used for radio measurement request is measured subtype definition;
Fig. 4 A describes is measurement type definition according to the media sensing time histogram request element of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 B describes is measurement report field format according to the media sensing time histogram report element of the embodiment of the invention;
What Fig. 4 C described is the media sensed event definition of radio measurement report; And
What Fig. 4 D described is the RPI threshold value definition of RPI histogrammic radio measurement report of time.
To set forth details such as special construction, interface, technology in the following description, so that can complete understanding the present invention, but this only be in order to describe rather than to be limited.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can implement equally in other embodiment that violate these details.
Figure 1A is representative Basic Service Set (BSS) wireless network of having used the embodiment of the invention.Shown in Figure 1A, access point (AP) 100 is coupled to a plurality of mobile radio station (STA
i) 101, these mobile radio stations then intercom mutually by Radio Link 102 or communicate with AP.For the purpose of the present invention, one of them crucial principle provides a kind of request and reports the histogrammic mechanism with designated precision, any thus AP100 and STA
i101 can therefrom derive user's media activity.Figure 1B is representative independent basic service set (IBSS) wireless network of having used the embodiment of the invention.Shown in Figure 1B, a plurality of mobile radio stations (STAi) 101 intercom by Radio Link 102 mutually not having under the situation of AP.Should be noted that for the ease of illustration, each network that shows among Figure 1A～B is all very little.Yet in practice, most of networks can comprise more mobile radio station STA
i101.
With reference to figure 2, in the WLAN of Figure 1A and 1B, AP100 and each STA
i101 can comprise a system, and wherein this system has the framework described in Fig. 2 block diagram.AP100 and each STA
i101 can comprise receiver 201, demodulator 202, activity is obtained and pattern derivation circuit 203, memory 204, processor controls 205, timer 2 06, modulator 207 and transmitter 208.And the example system among Fig. 2 200 is just in order to be described.Be usually used in describing the term of specific mobile radio station though this description has been quoted those, these are described and notion is equally applicable to other treatment systems, are different from the framework of system shown in Figure 2 comprising those.
In a preferred embodiment, receiver 201 and transmitter 208 all are coupled with the antenna (not shown), thus respectively via demodulator 202 and modulator 207 and the sensing result that the histogram report that receives, the expectation histogram request that will transmit and derivation are obtained converts corresponding data data to.The activity pattern acquisition cuicuit is operated under the control of processor 205, so that to comprising of being received the measurement report frame of measurement result and corresponding timestamp handle, or carry out requested measurement or periodic measurement (automatically), wherein measurement result transmits in measurement report frame with corresponding timestamp.What Figure 1B showed is to be used for IBSS of the present invention and the requestor of BSSIEEE802.11 wlan implementation example and may making up of gauger.06 of timer 2 is used to setting-up time stamp in measurement report frame, and what wherein said timestamp was represented is the zero-time of report measurement result.
In a preferred embodiment, part as wireless medium scanning, wireless device will use at least one in detection of net work rate and the preamble detection to detect busy period, and wherein in described busy period, the accumulative reception power level of radio signal will exceed power threshold.
In addition, wireless device also can detect idling cycle, and wherein the accumulative reception power level of radio signal is in the power level below the power threshold at least one in described idling cycle, and does not detect preamble.
The media sensing is depended on applied power threshold for busy or free time.In alternative embodiment, wireless device can be used a plurality of threshold values, and can collect different patterns simultaneously in (period) at interval at sensing, also can collect different patterns in succession in the sensing interval (period) continuously in addition.
In addition, will be defined as such one-period busy period in alternative embodiment, in the described cycle, other wireless devices will allocation vehicle, but can not use it for transmission (being referred to as " virtual busy period " here).In this embodiment, even the accumulative reception power level of radio signal is lower than power threshold, also can be with its sensing for busy.
Sensing result is to represent with the absolute number of the percentage of time dependent histogram, every period duration, every period duration, complete sensing modes and/or the part of sensing modes.The STA that carry out to measure will intercept channel, and creates one and be used to represent the channel histogram of busy time.When finishing measurement, carry out the probability (being referred to as percentage here) that the STA that intercepts will be appreciated that busy/not busy duration in cycle.For example, carry out the sensing that the STA that measures will carry out a minute (sensing interval=60 seconds), and will determine the busy time D URATION＜100ms of channel in the time of X1% by carrying out sensing, being 100ms＜DURATION＜200ms in the time of X2%, then is 200ms＜DURATION＜300ms in the time of X3%.STA both can use information itself and not report back, and also can report these three value X1, X2, X3 (being also referred to as density, probability or percentage), can also carry out this two processing simultaneously.
Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, sensing result comprises or comes from least one or a plurality of busy and idle pulley, wherein said pattern be with power threshold, preamble detect and virtual busy period pattern at least one item obtain.
Sensing result has comprised the information relevant with the channel activity of other wireless devices.Concerning actual measured results, just busy and the idling cycle pattern is collected about the information of channel activity by decipher, described result is obtained by at least one wireless device of carrying out sensing, and in a preferred embodiment, this wireless device is to dispose in mode shown in Figure 2, in addition, described result can also obtain by the equipment of another similar configuration at least, and sensing result will pass to this equipment.In addition, carrying out the STA that measures also can directly use sensing result and not transmit its sensing result.
After having been carried out sensing, media will produce dissimilar sensing result:
1. be at least one sensing media idle pulley at least one power threshold based on power detection;
2. be that at least one is based on the busy pattern of the sensing media of power detection at least one power threshold;
3. sensing media idle pulley that detects based on preamble;
4. busy pattern of sensing media that detects based on preamble;
5. sensing media idle pulley based on virtual busy period;
6. one based on the busy pattern of the sensing media of virtual busy period;
7. sensing media pattern with at least one temporal agreement reference point, wherein the agreement reference point is to select from the group that is made up of target beacon transmit time (TBTT) and contention-free intervals; And
8.1 any combination of the pattern described in～7.
In a preferred embodiment, about the sensing result of the busy and idling cycle in the wireless medium will be used to the to derive information of other those radio system of on the media that is scanned, working.Following information all can derive from pattern, and these information have all met with omission and flase drop (be referred to as hereinafter thus and find rather than detect).
Find non-802.11 equipment
In a preferred embodiment, if have at least one pattern to show 802.11 radio system inertias in the busy and idle pulley at the media that (a plurality of) detect based on preamble, and one (a plurality of) if collecting at the same time in the busy and idle pulley at least one pattern indication is arranged based on the media of power detection be relevant or periodicity inserts this class media activity, can conclude that so the radio system that is just having not according to 802.11 operates on described media.
According to the local service requirement, if this occurs, can conclude that then the operation of carrying out might cause losing service support on this media, carry out the radio system of sensing and also can not select respective channel to operate.
Find the 802.11e radio system by measuring the idle statistical information of media
When working under the 802.11/802.11e radio system has provided the situation of very high traffic carrying capacity, described station will be transmitted continually.In general, in this case, the idle duration of media mainly is to determine by the medium access based on contention.Because decipher is based on the medium access process of contention by different way for 802.11 radio systems and 802.11e radio system, therefore media idle pulley correspondingly is different equally.In a preferred embodiment, this difference will be as a kind of means that it is distinguished of being used for.Opposite with 802.11e, 802.11 radio system visit contention window in the probability of first time slot (after distributed coordination interFrameGap DIPS) very low, therefore what it was mainly visited is later time slot, next all the more so in the situation that heavy traffic is provided very much.
If the indication of (a plurality of) media idle pulley be used to characterize 802.11 rather than 802.11e, based on the medium access process of contention, can conclude so in a preferred embodiment, the radio system of working on media follows 802.11, but does not follow 802.11e.If this occurs, be not service quality BSS (QBSS) owing to what on media, work so, therefore, when on described media, working, will be difficult to realize that QoS supports.
By measurement target beacon transmissions time (TBTT) and/or transmission opportunity restriction (TXOPlimit)
On behavior find the 802.11e radio system
At TBTT and transmission opportunity end, the behavior of 802.11 radio systems and 802.11e radio system is different: the 802.11e radio system can not striden TBTT and be transmitted, and 802.11 radio systems are then striden the TBTT transmission certainly.In addition, 802.11 radio systems do not use TXOPlimit.What therefore, 802.11 radio systems finally will be initiated is the frame exchange of duration greater than TXOPlimit.
In a preferred embodiment, if at least one sensing modes indication media before TBTT and among be busy in, and sensing modes shows that the frame exchange has the duration longer than TXOPlimit, can conclude so, the radio system of working on this media follows 802.11, but does not follow 802.11e.In this case, be not QBSS owing to what on this media, work, can't guarantee in a preferred embodiment that therefore the QoS on this media supports.
In medium access, find priority based on contention
For in 802.11, coming the radio system of executable operations, the access privileges that is based on the different medium access parameters that are used for different priorities of this system's support based on the medium access of contention.These parameters are called qos parameter set here.When the employed media of other 802.11 radio systems was operated, the information relevant with applied qos parameter set helped to pre-estimate the QoS that can support.
In a preferred embodiment, not to receive the current relevant details of the applied qos parameter set of 802.11 radio systems of on media, working, but the applied qos parameter set of from sensing modes, deriving.When radio system is to provide when working under the situation of heavy traffic, especially like this.In this case, in a preferred embodiment, the idle duration of media is to be determined by the medium access process based on contention.
Can conclude that in a preferred embodiment qos parameter set will form feature media idle pulley, in addition, in general, the priority in the medium access is high more, and shorter probability of idle duration is also just big more.
The discovery of Hybrid Coordination Function control visit (HCCA) operating position
If have (a plurality of) media idle pulley to indicate to have the high priority medium access duration idling cycle of (be also referred to as coordinate an interFrameGap (PIFS)), can conclude so in a preferred embodiment, the radio system of working on this media is followed 802.11e, and this system applies the medium access of no contention, for example as among the HCCA part poll.If this occurs, can conclude so in a preferred embodiment, be the medium access that can not use no contention when working on this media, and this is because have at least one other radio system to use this medium access.That is to say that in a preferred embodiment, at least one has used other radio system that the HCCA media inserts as long as conclude existence, system and method so of the present invention will no longer be used the no contention medium access of HCF, i.e. HCCA.
802.11b/802.11g the discovery of radio system
Owing to have different preambles and header duration, therefore, the frame of following 802.11b can have the different transmitting continuous time with the frame of following 802.11g.Have the duration be used to characterize the frame of following 802.11g in addition, wherein said frame is not normally transmitted by the radio system of 802.11g during concurrent working at the radio system of 802.11b.
If the busy pattern indication of (a plurality of) media more busy duration for 802.11g is arranged, can conclude that so in a preferred embodiment the radio system that all that is worked is all followed 802.11g on this media.If this occurs, can conclude so in a preferred embodiment that compare with the situation of sharing media between the radio system of 802.11b and 802.11g, the radio system of the 802.11g that works will be realized higher throughput on this media.
Find hidden station
In nearly all situation of 802.11 radio system work, Frame and affirmation f (ACK) frame all are to transmit continuously.By frame being decoded or, can determining that described frame is Frame or ACK frame according to duration of frame (by the sensing media time busy duration of media and/or former idle duration represent).
If what find is Frame, but there is not follow-up expection ACK usually, if and virtual carrier processing (network allocation vector (NAV)) shows that at one time carrying out the wireless station of launching wishes to obtain the ACK frame, can conclude to have at least a station to hide so in a preferred embodiment for the station of carrying out sensing.Additional NAV designator provides more high-precision hidden station to find, even because what use is the Block-Ack strategy, this designator also can make it work.Described Block-ACK strategy is a notion among the 802.11e, and its allows not have corresponding ACK frame, just to have under the situation of Block ACK and carry out data frame transfer.
In addition, in a preferred embodiment, be must use the mode of expansion IPS (EIPS) to come received frame with a kind of described station if carry out the station of sensing, can conclude wherein have one or more stations to hide so for the station of carrying out sensing.If successfully detect preamble and frame header, go wrong but receive end at frame, should must use EIFS in the station so.Can conclude that in a preferred embodiment another radio standing-meeting begins transmission in the reception of being carried out, wherein said transmission only occurs under the hiding mutually situation in two stations.
In addition, in a preferred embodiment,, can conclude to have at least a station to hide so for the station of carrying out sensing if received power changes in the transmission of being carried out.
The media sensing is measured request 320 and is reported 420
In a preferred embodiment, ((Fig. 4 A～D) is used to collect the information of relevant medium access pattern for Fig. 3 A～D) and media sensing measurement report 420 to ask 320 by using at least one from covering the designator of selecting the group that forms by received power designator (RPI), clear-channel assessment (CCA:Clear Channel Assessment) and network allocation vector (NAV), the media sensing can being measured.
In a preferred embodiment, pattern is as the time histogram report, and wherein said time histogram is the numerical value set of the probability of occurrence (" density ") of at least one duration that is used for representing some busy and idle duration.Do not provide the histogram on the different capacity level in a preferred embodiment, but the time histogram is that the precision with definition in the request of measuring of media sensing provides those and busy and free time relevant information of duration.For example, if what collect is the media sensing time histogram with time slot precision, movable relevant with the media of other 802.11STA so information can derive from collected information.The time histogram provides and the relevant details of the activity of other radio systems on channel.And should measure the provided for radio resources management that allows to improve among the 802.11WLAN.
The media sensing time, a histogrammic advantage was: it can not collect the relevant information of activity of being carried out with other wireless devices under the situation of other AP reception probe responses or beacon in measuring period.When the STA that carry out to measure can only receive frame from the STA of non-AP, for example partly overlapping (Q) BSS, this processing is very useful.In a preferred embodiment, in case collect sensing result information, can help carry out provided for radio resources management by solving following point so:
What kind of (answer is likely by RPI and CCA time histogram and provides) is 1. whether also having other non-802.11 equipment works and their the medium access pattern of microwave and so on the channel?
Will can 2. be there there the 802.11 traditional equipment (answer provide by CCA free time histogram) of on channel, working and hamper the QoS support?
Is which type of (replying to provide via CCA free time histogram) 3. in applied enhanced distributed coordination function (EDCF) parameter and for aspect the traffic carrying capacity that each priority provided, the channel current state?
4. whether in channel, leave enough capacity, so that share (answer can provide by RPI and CCA free time histogram) with those 802.11 equipment of on channel, working?
5. use HCF on this channel not have contention channel and visit the executable operations can be all right, perhaps whether existed another to use no contention channel to visit the equipment (answer provides by CCA free time histogram) that carries out operation element?
Be 6. how many maximum duration of busy period? that is to say, the minimum TXOPlimit that can be applicable to this channel what are (answer is to provide via the busy time histogram of CCA)?
Measurement request element
What Fig. 3 A described is the measurement type that defines for measurement request element.
Media sensing time histogram request 320
In Fig. 3 B, shown and media sensing time histogram request 320 corresponding measurement request frame forms.
What channel number 301 was represented is to measure request applied channel number (as defining among the IEEE802.11 17.3.8.3.2);
What channel band 302 was represented is the frequency band of having used this channel number, referring to Fig. 3 D;
The media sensing is measured subtype 304 expressions is the subtype that the media sensing that will carry out is measured.The available subcategories type that the media sensing is measured defines in Fig. 3 E;
The quantification metrics of the received power level that received power designator (RPI) is defined by seeing on antenna connector;
What binary code skew (Bin Offset) 306 was represented is the position of first binary code, and this position is represented with microsecond;
What binary code interval 307 was represented is the time interval of the media sensed event being counted with this binary code, and this is represented with time slot at interval.The media sensed event then defines in Fig. 4 C.
The number of binary code 308 is represented is the sum in time interval of being covered of time histogram.
Media sensing time histogram report 420
The measurement report field format that in Fig. 4 A, has shown media sensing time histogram report 420.
What channel number 401 was represented is the applied channel number of media sensing time histogram report.
The tested frequency band of channel number that has been the application of from table 2, obtaining of channel band 402 expression.
The measurement duration 403 is configured to equate with the duration of measuring media sensing time histogram report, and it is represented with TU.
The media sensing is measured subtype 404 expressions is subtype by media sensing time histogram report, and described subtype defines in Fig. 3 E.
What RPI threshold value 405 identified is the received power level threshold value of seeing on antenna connector according to Fig. 4 D.When collecting the information relevant with RPI time histogram, the RPI threshold value also is used to determine whether to have occurred the media sensed event.
What binary code interval 407 was represented is the time interval of counting in order to the media sensed event in this binary code, and wherein this time interval is represented with time slot.The media sensed event is then defining in Fig. 4 C.
Binary code number 408: concerning N binary code, in binary code, media sensing time histogram report has comprised the density at each interval in N the time interval that records on measuring duration and allocated channel therein.
What media sensed event sum 409 was represented is the event number of counting in measuring process.The media sensed event then defines in Fig. 4 C.
Bin
i---under the situation of 0≤i＜N, in order to calculate Bin
iDensity, STA can monitor the continuous duration that is monitored state, and count-up counter B
iIf the media sensed event in the measurement of time t, occurs, and wherein
i
0+(i*Δi)＜t≤i
0+((i+1)*Δi)，i＜N-1，
i
0+(N*Δi)≤t，i＝N-1
So, each B
iEvent number will add 1, and with a unfolded probability distribution, in addition can be at Bin
iA histogram is also stored in middle generation, and what its was represented is media sensed event probability distribution in time.
In a preferred embodiment, the STA that receives the request of one or more media sensing time histogram uses media sensing time histogram report and makes response, and wherein said report has comprised one (a plurality of) histogram according to requested (a plurality of) media sensing measurement subtype.For the information of the confidence level that allows assessment institute report data is provided, also provide the sum of the media sensed event of being counted here.
As histogrammic major advantage of media sensing time, the relevant information of the activity of being carried out with other wireless devices is to collect not receiving under the situation of inquiring after response or beacon from other AP in measurement period there.Under the STA that carry out to measure can only receive situation from the frame of the STA of non-AP, for example under the situation of partly overlapping (Q) BSS, this processing is very useful.
1. at first, be to determine whether in addition that by analyzing media sensing time histogram other wireless devices of non-802.11 work being scanned on the channel in a preferred embodiment, can determine in addition how its medium access distributes in time.For instance, this information can be used for detecting microwave equipment.
2. the second, in a preferred embodiment,, can determine whether to exist in and work on this channel but do not support 802.11 the STA of the defined QoS of 802.11e by analyzing media sensing time histogram.For example, by NAV pattern and TXOPlimit are compared, can indicate whether to exist traditional 802.11STA on channel, to work.
3. the 3rd, in a preferred embodiment,, can determine whether used no contention access on the channel by analyzing media sensing time histogram.For instance, the idle histogram of CCA can be used for providing this information.
4. last, in a preferred embodiment, feasible QoS supports grade in the time of can determining to work on being scanned channel by analyzing the media sensing time histogram of being reported.For example, can collect the information that is scanned the EDCF parameter of using on the channel here, and the traffic carrying capacity that provides on the channel is being provided.The idle histogram of CCA then is used to provide the traffic load information of the different priorities with different arbitration frame interbody spacers (AIFS) parameter.Here can also determine under the situation that is subjected to the QoS constraint, in the channel that is scanned, whether leave enough capacity and be used for sharing radio resource.In the enterprising line operate of the channel that is being scanned,, can further determine the maximum duration of busy time and suitable minimum TXOPlimit by analyzing the media sensing time histogram of being reported.
Though illustration and described the preferred embodiments of the present invention here, but those skilled in the art should understand, under the situation that does not break away from true scope of the present invention, can make various changes and modifications the present invention, and can use equivalent to come parts of the present invention are replaced.In addition, under the situation that does not break away from center range of the present invention,, can adapt with special circumstances and instruction of the present invention by carrying out multiple modification.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to as carrying out the disclosed specific embodiment of optimal mode of the present invention, and in contrast, the present invention has comprised and falls into the accessory claim scope with all interior embodiment.
The list of references tabulation
[1] IEEE 802.11 WG Reference number ISO/IEC 8802-11:1999 (E) ieee standards 802.11; 1999 editions .International Standard[for] InformationTechnology-Telecommunications and information exchange betweensystems-Local and metropolitan area networks-SpecificRequirements-Part 11:Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) andPhysical Layer (PHY) specifications. USA New York: The Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.1999.
[2] IEEE 802.11 WG ieee standard 802.11a; 1999 editions .Supplement to IEEEStandard for Information Technology-Telecommunications andinformation exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan areanetworks-Specific Requirements-Part 11:Wireless LAN Medium AccessControl (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications:High-speedPhysical Layer in the, 5 GHz Band. USA New Yorks: The Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.1999.
[3] IEEE 802.11 WG ieee standard 802.11b; 1999 editions .Supplement to IEEEStandard for Information Technology-Telecommunications andinformation exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan areanetworks-Specific Requirements-Part 11:Wireless LAN Medium AccessControl (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications:Higher-SpeedPhysical Layer Extension in the, 2.4 GHz Band. USA New Yorks: The Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.1999.
Claims (21)
1. derive the method for the relevant information in second station (100,101) of on media, working by first stop (100,101) for one kind, may further comprise the steps with at least one:
(a) first stop (100,101) at least one the activity that carry out on this media at least one second station (100,101) of scanning in predetermined sensing interval, wherein said predetermined sensing comprises at least one continuous sensing at interval at interval;
(b) first stop (100,101) is measured at least one performed activity that is scanned of at least one second station (100,101); And
(c) first stop (100,101) predetermined sensing at interval in from measuring and at least one is scanned at least one activity pattern of deriving second station (100,101) in the activity by carry out at least one second station (100,101).
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that step (a) also is included at least one the step (a.1) in sensing interim detection (203,205) at least one busy period and at least one idling cycle.
3. the method for claim 2, wherein, step (a.1) is further comprising the steps of:
(a.1.1) the described received power level that is scanned activity of accumulation (203,204,205);
(a.1.2) use the predetermined power threshold that net work rate detects and detect in the group that preamble forms exceeding at least one by the accumulative reception power level, if satisfy at least one condition wherein, then to carrying out at least one in while and the continuous sensing (203,205) at least one busy period;
(a.1.3) when the accumulative reception power level is lower than at least one predetermined power threshold and does not detect preamble, at this moment will carry out the continuous sensing (203 that carries out in continuous sensing interim of at least one idling cycle, 205) at least one in the sensing (203,205) and when sensing interim carries out.
4. the method for claim 3, wherein, step (a) further comprising the steps of (a.2): detect (203,204) virtual busy period.
5. the method for claim 4, wherein, step (a.2) further comprising the steps of (a.2.1): no matter the accumulative reception power level how, all to carrying out sensing (203 detected virtual busy period, 205), as the media that at least one second station is distributed, wherein said at least one second station is not used for described media transmission with this.
6. the method for claim 5, wherein, step (b) further comprising the steps of (b.1): determine that at least one is scanned movable absolute frequency and total duration (203,205) at interval at sensing.
7. the method for claim 6, wherein, step (c) further comprising the steps of (c.1): from total duration (203,205) of at least one activity, calculate at least one the movable percentage of time that takes place at interval at sensing.
8. the method for claim 7, further comprising the steps of: execution in step in scheduled time slot (a)～(c), the wherein said period comprises at least one continuous sensing (203,205) at interval; And
(d) the absolute frequency of described at least one activity that takes place at interval at least one sensing that the histogram on the scheduled time slot (203,205) is illustrated in scheduled time slot by means of described at least one activity.
9. the method for claim 1 comprises that also activity pattern that at least one derivation of use (205) obtains finds at least one the step (e) in the following
I. described at least one second station right and wrong IEEE 802.11 equipment;
Ii. described at least one second station is an IEEE 802.11e equipment;
Iii. the described applied service quality at least one second station (QoS) parameter set;
Iv. Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) is used at described at least one second station;
V. described at least one second station is among IEEE 802.11b and the IEEE 802.11g; And
Vi. described at least at least one second station hides described first stop.
10. the method for claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
(f) first stop receives the media sensing and measures request, so that at least one medium access pattern at least one second station of deriving; And
(g) measure request in response to the media sensing that receives, first stop transmits media sensing measurement report, and this report comprises at least one medium access activity pattern at least one second station of first stop derivation.
11. the method for claim 10, wherein
Receiving step (f) further comprising the steps of (f.1): receive the media sensing and measure request, wherein said request comprises following field:
Channel number 301 Channel band 302 Measure the duration 303 The media sensing is measured subtype 304 RPI threshold value 305 Binary code skew 306 Binary code interval 307 The number 308 of binary code
Eight hytes: 11211111
In described field be:
Channel number (301), what its was represented is to measure to ask applied channel number,
Channel band (302), what its was represented is frequency band,
Measure the duration (303), it is configured to equate with the duration of ask measurement, and it is represented with timer units (TU);
The media sensing is measured subtype (304), its expression be the time histogram subtype that the media sensing that will carry out is measured, wherein said subtype is to select from the group that is made up of received power designator (RPI) time histogram, clear channel assessment (CCA) (CCA) free time histogram, the busy time histogram of clear channel assessment (CCA) (CCA) and the busy histogram of network allocation vector (NAV)
Received power designator (RPI) (305), it is defined by the quantification metrics of the received power level seen on the first stop antenna connector;
Binary code skew (306), what its was represented is the position of first binary code, (206) are represented with microsecond in this position;
Binary code is (307) at interval, and what its was represented is the time interval of the media sensed event being counted in order in this binary code, and this is represented with time slot at interval; And
The number of binary code (308), what its was represented is the time interval sum that the time histogram is covered; And
Transfer step (g) further comprising the steps of (g.1): receive media sensing measurement report, wherein said report comprises following field:
Channel number 401 Channel band 402 Measure the duration 403 The media sensing is measured subtype 404 RPI threshold value 405 Binary code skew 406 Binary code interval 407 The number 408 of binary code The sum 409 of media sensed event The density 410 of binary code 0 The density 411 of binary code 1 . . . . . . The density 41 of binary code N-1 (N-1)
112111114111 groups of eight positions:
Described field is:
Channel number (401), what its was represented is the channel number that the media measurement report is applied to,
Channel band (402), what its was represented is the tested frequency band of having used channel number,
Measure the duration (403), it is configured to equate with the duration of measuring media sensing measurement report, and it represents with timer units (TU),
The media sensing is measured subtype (404), and what its was represented is the subtype of media sensing time histogram report,
RPI threshold value (405), what its identified is to see received power level on the antenna connector of first stop,
Binary code skew (406), its expression be the position of first binary code, and it represents (206) with microsecond,
Binary code is (407) at interval, and what its was represented is the time interval of counting in order to the media sensed event in this binary code, and wherein this time interval is represented with time slot,
The number of binary code (408): in N binary code, media sensing measurement report is included in the density of measuring the corresponding interval in N the time interval that records on duration and the allocated channel number,
Media sensed event sum (409), what its was represented is the event number of counting in measuring process, and
Bin
i---its expression be density, 0≤i＜N wherein, STA is with unfolded media sensed event probability distribution in time.
12. the method for claim 11, wherein step (g) is further comprising the steps of:
(g.2) calculate Bin
iDensity, wherein 0≤i＜N, and STA will monitor the continuous duration of the state that is monitored of the one-period in busy and the idling cycle, if the media sensed event takes place during the time, t measured, so described STA can be with counter Bin
i41 (i-1) add 1, wherein
i
0+(i*Δi)＜t≤i
0+((i+1)*Δi)，i＜N-1，
i
0+ (N* Δ i)≤t, i=N-1; And
(g.3) produce a histogram (203,205,206), what this histogram was represented is that the media sensed event is in the probability distribution of measuring on the duration.
13. a method of obtaining the information relevant with at least one second station (101) media activity pattern on the media that first stop (101) is scanned, this method may further comprise the steps:
First stop transmits (207,208) media sensing and measures request (320);
In response to the request (320) of described transmission, first stop (101) receives (201,202) media sensing measurement report (420), and wherein said report comprises at least one activity pattern at least one second station (101);
At least one activity pattern 406-41 (N-1) at least one second station (101) that first stop (101) use derivation obtains finds at least one in the following:
I. described at least one second station (101) right and wrong IEEE 802.11 equipment,
Ii. described at least one second station (101) is an IEEE 802.11e equipment;
Iii. described at least one the applied service quality in second station (101) (QoS) parameter set;
Iv. Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) is used at described at least one second station (101);
V. described at least one second station (101) is among IEEE 802.11b and the IEEE 802.11g; And
Vi. described at least at least one second station (101) hides first stop.
14. one kind is used to obtain with at least one second station (101) and scans the method for the relevant information of media activity pattern on the media at first stop (101), this method may further comprise the steps:
First stop receives (201,202) media sensing measurement report (420), and wherein said report comprises at least one activity pattern 406-41 (N-1) at least one second station (101);
The activity pattern that first stop (101) uses at least one derivation at least one second station (101) to obtain is found at least one in the following:
I. described at least one second station, 101 right and wrong IEEE, 802.11 equipment,
Ii. described at least one second station 101 is an IEEE 802.11e equipment;
Iii. described at least one the applied service quality in second station (101) (QoS) parameter set;
Iv. Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) is used at described at least one second station (101);
V. described at least one second station (101) is among IEEE 802.11b and the IEEE 802.11g; And
Vi. described at least at least one second station (101) hides first stop.
15. one kind in the method for obtaining the information relevant with at least one second station (101) of working on the first stop (101) on the media that first stop (101) is scanned, comprising:
Receiver (201) is used for receiving input signal from least one second station (101) at interval at predetermined sensing, and wherein said predetermined sensing comprises at least one continuous sensing at interval at interval;
Activity is obtained and pattern derivation circuit (203), is used to measure the activity pattern of the described input signal that wherein receives, and the pattern of therefrom deriving;
Timer (206) is used for providing time reference at timer units (TU);
Processor controls (205), this processor controls and described activity are obtained with pattern derivation circuit (203) and described timer (206) and are coupled, during predetermined space, described processor controls is configured at least one in having much to do of the described input signal of sensing and the idle activity, and therefrom derives as histogrammic activity pattern of time.
16. the equipment of claim 15 also comprises:
Memory (204), memory and described processor controls (205) are coupled, so that store described time histogram; And
Wherein said processor controls (205) also is configured to:
Accumulate described movable reception (201) power level that is scanned,
Use the predetermined power threshold that net work rate detects and detect in the group that preamble forms exceeding at least one by the accumulative reception power level, if satisfy at least one condition wherein, at least one item in the continuous sensing of continuous sensing interim of then carry out sensing in the time of interim sensing and at least one busy period;
When the accumulative reception power level is lower than at least one predetermined power threshold and does not detect preamble, at least one item in the continuous sensing of continuous sensing interim of sensing and at least one idling cycle of carrying out sensing in the time of interim;
17. the equipment of claim 16, wherein, described processor controls (205) also is configured to: no matter the accumulative reception power level how, all to carrying out sensing detected virtual busy period, as the media that at least one second station (101) is distributed, wherein said at least one second station (101) is not used for described media transmission with this.
18. the equipment of claim 17, wherein, the activity pattern that described processor controls (205) also is configured to use at least one derivation to obtain is found at least one in the following:
I. described at least one second station (101) right and wrong IEEE 802.11 equipment,
Ii. described at least one second station (101) is an IEEE 802.11e equipment;
Iii. described at least one the applied service quality in second station (101) (QoS) parameter set;
Iv. Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) is used at described at least one second station (101);
V. described at least one second station (101) is among IEEE 802.11b and the IEEE 802.11g; And
Vi. described at least at least one second station (101) hides first stop.
19. the equipment of claim 18, wherein:
First stop (101) receives the media sensing and measures request (320), so that derive at least one medium access histogram at least one second station (101); And
Measure request (320) in response to the media sensing that receives, first stop (101) transmits (207,208) media sensing measurement report (420), wherein said report comprise derive at least one medium access histogram at least one second station 101 obtain of first stop (101).
20. the equipment of claim 19, wherein:
The request of measuring of media sensing comprises following field:
Described field is:
Channel number (301), what its was represented is to measure to ask applied channel number,
Channel band (302), it represents frequency band,
Measure the duration (303), it is configured to equate with the measurement duration of being asked, and it is represented in timer units (TU);
The media sensing is measured subtype (304), its expression be the time histogram subtype that the media sensing that will carry out is measured, wherein said subtype is to select from the group that is made up of received power designator (RPI) time histogram, clear channel assessment (CCA) (CCA) free time histogram, the busy time histogram of clear channel assessment (CCA) (CCA) and the busy histogram of network allocation vector (NAV)
Received power designator (RPI) (305), it is defined by the quantification metrics of the received power level seen on the first stop antenna connector;
Binary code skew (Bin Offset) (306), what its was represented is the position of first binary code, (206) are represented with microsecond in this position;
Binary code is (307) at interval, and what its was represented is the time interval of the media sensed event being counted in order in this binary code, and this is represented with time slot at interval; And
The number of binary code (308), what its was represented is the time interval sum that the time histogram is covered; And
Transfer step (g) further comprising the steps of (g.1): receive media sensing measurement report, wherein said report comprises following field:
Channel number 401 Channel band 402 Measure the duration 403 The media sensing is measured subtype 404 RPI threshold value 405 Binary code skew 406 Binary code interval 407 The number 408 of binary code The sum 409 of media sensed event The density 410 of binary code 0 The density 411 of binary code 1 . . . . . . The density 41 of binary code N-1 (N-1)
112111114111 groups of eight positions:
Described field is:
Channel number (401), what its was represented is the applied channel number of media measurement report,
Channel band (402), what its was represented is the tested frequency band of having used channel number,
Measure the duration (403), it is configured to equate with the duration of measuring media sensing measurement report, and it represents in timer units (TU),
The media sensing is measured subtype (404), its expression be subtype by media sensing time histogram report,
RPI threshold value (405), what its identified is to see received power level on the antenna connector of first stop,
Binary code skew (406), its expression be the position of first binary code, and it represents (206) with microsecond,
Binary code is (407) at interval, and what its was represented is the time interval of counting in order to the media sensed event in this binary code, and wherein this time interval is represented with time slot,
The number of binary code (408): in N binary code, media sensing measurement report is included in the density of measuring the corresponding interval in N the time interval that records on duration and the allocated channel number,
Media sensed event sum (409), what its was represented is in the event number of measuring the duration counting, and
Bin
i---its expression be density, 0≤i＜N wherein, STA is with unfolded media sensed event probability distribution in time.
21. the equipment of claim 20, wherein:
Processor controls (205) also is configured to:
For the monitored state that is subjected to of one of free time or busy period calculates Bin
iThe density of 41 (i-1), 0≤i＜N wherein, wherein first stop 101 will monitor the continuous duration of the state of being monitored, if the media sensed event takes place during the time, t measured, so described first stop can be with counter Bin
iAdd 1, and wherein
i
0+(i*Δi)＜t≤i
0+((i+1)*Δi)，i＜N-1，
i
0+ (N* Δ i)≤t, i=N-1; And
Produce a histogram, what this histogram was represented is that the media sensed event is in the probability distribution of measuring on the duration.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US46919603P | 2003-05-09 | 2003-05-09 | |
| US60/469,196 | 2003-05-09 | ||
| US50385003P | 2003-09-17 | 2003-09-17 | |
| US60/503,850 | 2003-09-17 | ||
| PCT/IB2004/001506 WO2004100468A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-03 | Measuring medium activity patterns in wireless networks and deriving information from the activity patterns |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1784871A true CN1784871A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| CN1784871B CN1784871B (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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ID=36773885
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| CN (1) | CN1784871B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA90084C2 (en) |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109890084A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2019-06-14 | 英特尔Ip公司 | Method and apparatus for mitigating the conflict in wireless network |
| CN110636454A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2019-12-31 | 想象技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for estimating proximity of a first device to a second device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1104961A1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-06 | Hewlett-Packard Company, A Delaware Corporation | Deferral of transmissions in wireless local area network |
| US7095754B2 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2006-08-22 | At&T Corp. | Tiered contention multiple access (TCMA): a method for priority-based shared channel access |
| US6675012B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2004-01-06 | Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. | Apparatus, and associated method, for reporting a measurement summary in a radio communication system |
| US7349433B2 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2008-03-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Signaling for parameterized quality of service (QoS) support |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109890084A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2019-06-14 | 英特尔Ip公司 | Method and apparatus for mitigating the conflict in wireless network |
| CN109890084B (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2024-04-16 | 英特尔公司 | Method and apparatus for mitigating collisions in a wireless network |
| CN110636454A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2019-12-31 | 想象技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for estimating proximity of a first device to a second device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| ZA200509028B (en) | 2007-03-28 |
| UA90084C2 (en) | 2010-04-12 |
| CN1784871B (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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