CN1783870A

CN1783870A - Packet switching internet communication system using electroncic product code as address

Info

Publication number: CN1783870A
Application number: CNA2004100612678A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵江滨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-12-03
Filing date: 2004-12-03
Publication date: 2006-06-07

Abstract

This invention discloses a package switching internet communication system usig electronic products code as address. It contains adopting router with distribution rule coding, labeling main frame in gateway address and main frame address combination mode to realize communication among main frames by IP network. In main frame mobile process, the main frame address keeping unchanged and only changing gateway address. Recording new proxy address in local proxy and previous proxy, when finding the destination main frame not connected, searching new gateway address, updating gateway address in database and continuous transmitting. The interface coding of IPv6 address is used to label main frame and kept unchanged in mobile process. In changing address, the new IPv6 address replaces the destination address in database and continuous transmitting.

Description

With the electronic product code is the packet switching internet communication system of address

Technical field

The present invention relates to network service, particularly relate to a kind of internet communication system that adopts packet-switch technology.

Background technology

(Electronic Product Code EPC) is a kind of article code scheme to electronic product code, adopts the electronic form storage, can be that the article that comprise host computer communication and network interface distribute globally unique number according to certain rule.Electronic product code has been given when producing or pack, and is in general constant throughout one's life, is article identification numbers in the world.Linked groups has formulated the coding standard of electronic product code, is devoted to set up global Item Information network, makes it possible to inquire the relevant various information of article therewith according to electronic product code.Whole world uniformity and uniqueness make electronic product code be suitable for the mailing address as packet switching network, both can be used as data link layer (second layer) address, also can be used as network layer (the 3rd layer) address, can also be as two-layer common address.

In OSI7 layer reference model, the effect of network layer is the interconnected communication of realizing between heterogeneous network.Have in mind and the large-scale internet of realization, network layer need provide routing addressing mechanism, particularly for large-scale internet as the internet, must provide routing addressing scheme efficiently.

Most of network layer address all are through working out meticulously, have certain coding and allocation rule, reflected topology of networks, can facilitating for routing addressing.For example the IPV4 address comprises subnet coding (Subnet ID) and host code (Host ID), and two parts are distinguished by subnet mask; The IPV6 address is divided into subnet prefix (Subnet Prefix) and interface coding (Interface ID) two parts, respectively accounts for 64.Subnet prefix part has also designed hierarchical structure, comprises TLA (Top Level Aggregator) coding, NLA (Next Level Aggregator) coding, SLA (Site Level Aggregator) three parts of encoding.Landline telephone and Mobile Directory Number also have internal rule and hierarchical structure.The internal rule of network layer address makes router or switch can judge the zone at communication node place easily, and then makes forwarding decision.The hierarchical structure of address can be simplified the algorithm of routing addressing, improves the performance of pathfinding.The operate as normal, particularly routing addressing of IP communication and telephone system depends on this systematicness of address.

The rule encoding of the network address has also limited the flexibility that communication node moves when offering convenience to routing addressing.For example, the IP address comprises subnet coding and host code, makes the as a whole overall uniqueness that guarantees, and is in theory, unique as long as host code guarantees in subnet.The computer that uses global ip address is when a local area network (LAN) moves to another local area network (LAN), and more the change of address be with the subnet that meets current place (must change except that the subnet coding, host code also may be changed), otherwise can not correspondence with foreign country; Telephone set is when inserting the circuit of another exchange, and telephone number will reflect the current exchange that inserts, and original number is no longer valid.

Modern society has ambulant characteristics, does not wish to be confined to specific zone when people use network.When the communication node domain transformation, when particularly mobile node was as callee (side of runtime server program in IP communication), people wished that the network address of communication node can remain unchanged, to make things convenient for liaison.The architecture of IP communication and realization thereof have determined the IP address must comprise correct subnet information could realize communication, if there is not the ambulant mechanism of a kind of support, more the change of address will make communication disruption in communication process.Mobile IP is by safeguarding that simultaneously two cover addresses realize ambulantly, and one is home address (HomeAddress), is the IP address of mobile node when being positioned at home link (Home Link), remains constant in the node motion process; Also having one is Care-of Address (Care of Address), is the IP address when being positioned at the foreign link network.Directly link to each other with home agent (Home Agent) when mobile node is positioned at home link, jumping figure (Hop) is 1; Directly link to each other with Foreign Agent (Foreign Agent) when being positioned at foreign link.Two types Care-of Address is arranged, the one, Foreign Agent is as Care-of Address; Another kind is called intra-office Care-of Address (Collocated Care of Address), is the IP address of temporarily being distributed to mobile node by Foreign Agent.Mobile node must be notified home agent with Care-of Address during away from home link (Home Link).When being the packet arrival home agent of target with the home address, home agent is set up one and is arrived the indicated Foreign Agent of Care-of Address or the tunnel of mobile node, utilizes IP network to transfer data to destination host.Mobile node is accepted data need pass through tunneling mechanism, but can directly send when sending data.The tunnel is not the most effective transmission mechanism, is not optimum by the bang path in tunnel most the time.

Two class network layer devices are arranged in the IP communication network: main frame and router, router are that a kind of special main frame and main frame use unified geocoding scheme, unified address space, and a secondary IP address can not be told general main frame and router.What main frame was realized is to communicate by letter end to end, directly links to each other by shared link or exchange link with gateway.When being positioned at the main-machine communication of different links, need to mail to gateway (source gateway) with the packet of destination address, the IP network that source gateway is formed by router is sent to the gateway (purpose gateway) that destination host connects with packet, and the purpose gateway is continuing to give destination host data forwarding then.The transmission path of searching from source gateway to the purpose gateway, just routing addressing is the task of router, the subnet of router dependency purpose IP address is encoded and is sought the suitable data forward-path.Because the internal structure of IPV6 address determines, and partly there is hierarchical structure in subnet prefix, and certain router even the partial data that can only depend on this subnet prefix of 64 are selected forward-path.Main frame directly links to each other with gateway, and transmission path is determined, and source gateway arrives the path the unknown between the purpose gateway, and therefore, general main frame can be indifferent to the rule of IP address, and router must rely on the network address of systematicness to realize efficient routing.

In IP network, router (comprising gateway) is shift position seldom generally, also just seldom needs more change of address, and its address is relatively-stationary.

VPN (Virtual Private Network, Virtual Private Network) is to utilize tunneling technique to set up the dedicated network of sealing, can realize that a kind of packet of agreement is crossed over another network.In VPN, no matter be at the VPN of second layer realization or the VPN of the 3rd layer of realization, the content of the packet between data between nodes bag content and the endpoint of a tunnel is inequality, the data between nodes bag is transmitted as loading in the tunnel, endpoint of a tunnel is when receiving data, need and to solve as the packet of load, do necessary processing (as the data reorganization), continue to be sent to destination node then.In VPN, the tunnel is transparent to host node, and the address of endpoint of a tunnel needs configured in advance, and needs to install the tunnel protocol support software.

For network service, electronic product code is as complete random the saying of network layer address, can not be according to the selected fast route of electronic product code, but with the electronic product code is that network layer address can guarantee that the address is constant throughout one's life, all be identical under any occasion, and do not need to be provided with, also software and the agreement of using the address is not set with regard to not needing to be equipped with, can alleviate the burden of equipment, reduce equipment cost.

Summary of the invention

As network layer address, electronic product code does not comprise the subnet coded message, and the residing subnet of address and communication node is irrelevant, therefore just needn't be along with move and change of address more the position of node yet, can be in moving process, so keep the address constant in the whole life.Also just because of location independence, as the network address, electronic product code can not provide any facility for routing addressing, and routing addressing depends on well-regulated geocoding fast and effectively.In IP communication, the IP address has comprised the subnet coding, and the subnet prefix of IPV6 address has hierarchical structure especially, is convenient to realize routing addressing efficiently like this.The regular texture that the IP network communication system depends on the IP address comes work, so main frame needs continuous conversion IP address with reaction present located subnet in the process that move the position.

In the system that the present invention proposes, main frame adopts different geocoding schemes with router, and main frame is network layer address with the electronic product code; Router adopts the encoding scheme with internal structure and allocation rule, can reflect network topology structure.When the main frame intercommunication, need indicate host address and gateway address simultaneously.

In this packet switching network, when two be that the main frame of network layer address is when intercoming mutually with the electronic product code, source host generates packet, indicate the address information of source host, source gateway and destination host and purpose gateway, the source gateway address also can be provided with by the source gateway oneself of actual process.Utilize the coding rule of gateway address, source gateway and intermediate router are chosen suitable circuit packet are sent to the purpose gateway, and the purpose gateway is given destination host according to destination address with data forwarding again.Do not adopt tunneling technique, the packet that source host generates meets the consensus standard that router is supported, can directly transmit, rather than enter the tunnel as load.

Can directly utilize IP network transmission is packet between the main frame of network layer address with the electronic product code, inserts IP network with IP device as gateway.Connect the gateway operation two cover agreements of main frame and IP network, a cover is the IP agreement, and another set of protocol processes is communicated by letter with main frame.The standard I P packet that main frame generates, perhaps gateway generates standard I P packet according to source gateway and the purpose gateway information that main frame provides, and host address information is kept at the loading section of standard I P packet.Gateway can be discerned complete data format, can extract the address information of main frame and carry out data forwarding, and the router between the gateway does not then require accomplishes this point, need be the ip router of standard only, can transmit the IP packet and get final product.

When mobile under the scene, be that the main frame of network layer address has a cover network layer address with the electronic product code, but need safeguarding two cover gateway address at least.Use the term of mobile IP, we call the agency to gateway.In the two cover gateways, the one, home agent, the one, Foreign Agent.The home agent relative fixed of a main frame can not changed in the main frame moving process, and Foreign Agent can often be changed along with the different of residing subnet of main frame.When main frame moves to different foreign link, Foreign Agent will be changed thereupon, and main frame is current foreign agent address notice home agent, and home agent is being safeguarded the Foreign Agent information that main frame is current, can guarantee to be accessed to all the time no matter where main frame moves to.In addition, also new agent address will be reported to the previous agency who is attached thereto.When the agent discovery destination host that receives packet does not directly link to each other with it, will from the information list of safeguarding, search the agent address of destination host, with the purpose gateway address in the new agent address surrogate data method bag, continue then to transmit.

The many interfaces main frame that adopts the consolidated network layer address is when cutting out a certain interface, with the gateway address notice gateway that interface connected to cut out of Active Interface.Adopt above-mentioned mobility solution, treat gateway that down interface connects can transmit with this main frame be the packet of destination to the gateway that Active Interface was connected, and then be forwarded to this main frame.

IPV6 address internal structure is fixed, and preceding 64 is the subnet coding, and back 64 is the interface coding.The interface coding does not generally adopt sequential encoding, but generates according to MAC Address.Ethernet is the local area network technology of main flow, and its MAC Address is 48, and can guarantee that the overall situation is unique, and 64 potential energies enough provide very large address space, selects appropriate interface coding generating mode, might guarantee the overall uniqueness of interface coding.If the interface coding can guarantee overall uniqueness, then the interface coding in the process that main frame moves, only changes subnet prefix in case generation will no longer be changed.

With aforementioned be that the address realizes that mobility method is similar with the electronic product code, the interface changeless IPV6 main frame of encoding can adopt general router retransmission technique, rather than tunneling technique is realized mobile IP.In the main frame moving process,, also in moving process, write down new IP address in the last gateway that is attached thereto except the current address information of local proxy records.When the gateway discovery destination host that receives packet leaves current link, will be according to the new IPV6 address of interface coding lookup correspondence, and the destination address in the IP packet replaced with new IP address, externally transmit then, to continue to send to destination host by IP network.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is to be the schematic diagram of the main frame of network layer address by IP network realization interconnected communication with the electronic product code;

Fig. 2 is to be that the main frame of network layer address is realized ambulant schematic diagram with the electronic product code.

Embodiment

1. the main frame that with the electronic product code is network layer address is realized interconnected communication by IP network

As shown in Figure 1, main frame is connected to IP network by gateway.Main frame is network layer address with the electronic product code; Gateway has two cover addresses, and a cover is the IP address, uses with realizing IP and communicates by letter; One cover is an electronic product code, uses and the communicating by letter of realization and main frame.As host address, electronic product code can guarantee that the overall situation is unique; As router address, the IP address has regular texture and is convenient to realize efficient routing, makes that crossing over large-scale complicated network becomes possibility.When being positioned at the main frame mutual communication of different sub-network, the mode that the EPC address of employing main frame and the IP address of the gateway that is connected combine identifies main frame, and be expressed as the main frame among Fig. 1 101: IP102:EPC101, main frame 111 is expressed as: IP112:EPC111.

Suppose that main frame 101 desires send packet to main frame 111 by IP network, generate the packet that meets the IP standard, destination host and purpose gateway address information are provided by source host 101.Can adopt the data packet format 121 among Fig. 1, the IP stem comprises the address ip 102 of source gateway 102 and the address ip 112 of purpose gateway 112, IP network utilizes the IP header message to select transmission path from source gateway 102 to purpose gateway 112 efficiently, and packet is sent to purpose gateway 112.The EPC stem comprises the address EPC101 of source host 101 and the address EPC111 of destination host 111, and gateway 112 extracts the address information of destination host from the EPC stem, be EPC111 in this example, and packet is sent to correct destination host 111.All devices on the transmission path from main frame 101 to main frame 111 is that identical packet is handled, and wherein IP device is made forwarding decision according to the IP stem, when gateway and main-machine communication, transmits according to the EPC header message.

Gateway needs the EPC header message in can recognition data packet format 121, and intermediate router only need identify the IP stem and gets final product.Because the IP address in form 121 packets is the IP address of gateway, so gateway can not continue to transmit, and removes the loading section of process IP packet.The IP packet indicates the type of load by the protocol information of stem, and therefore the type codes that TCP and UDP have nothing in common with each other can be provided with a special type codes, indicates to comprise the EPC address information in the packet, is convenient to gateway and proposes host address and continue to transmit.

2. ambulant realization when main frame is the address with the electronic product code

Router and main frame adopt different geocoding schemes, and host address does not comprise subnet information, like this main frame in moving process, change be the current gateway address that connects, host address remains unchanged, and can better realize the mobility of main frame like this.

Specific implementation as shown in Figure 2, in this example, gateway 201 is home agent of main frame 211.Main frame 211 is positioned at foreign link at present, and current continuous Foreign Agent is a gateway 202.Main frame 211 itself is the address with the electronic product code, and the address is EPC211, and is safeguarding two cover gateway address simultaneously, and one is home agent, and another is the current Foreign Agent that connects.When main frame 211 was connected to Foreign Agent 202, the gateway information of its maintenance was shown in table 221.

Main frame is informed home agent timely with the current foreign agent address that connects, and for example reports new foreign agent address to home agent when being connected to new gateway, understands the up-to-date whereabouts of main frame accurately to guarantee home agent.When main frame 211 was received gateway 202 repeatedly, the information that its home agent 201 is safeguarded was shown in table 222; Foreign Agent 202 is being safeguarded the information shown in table 223 simultaneously.

When main frame when a gateway switches to another gateway, except upgrading the information that home agent safeguards, main frame also will write down new agent address in previous agency.For example when main frame 211 was connected to gateway 203 and disconnect with being connected of gateway 202, main frame 211 changed nonlocal gateway address setting into IP203, shown in table 231; And to the new agent address of home agent 201 and previous Foreign Agent 202 reports, the address of Foreign Agent that will be corresponding with main frame 211 is updated to IP203, as table 232, shown in 233.Gateway 203 also will safeguarded the information shown in table 234.When the main frame disconnection inserts new gateway with being connected of gateway 203, also to do to upgrade to note down new agent address accordingly at information table 234.

The home agent of main frame is relatively-stationary, and when main frame was positioned at foreign link, home agent was being safeguarded the up-to-date information of the Foreign Agent of main frame.When address ip 201:EPC211 sends data to main frame 211, packet will be forwarded to gateway 201 as other main frame, if main frame just is attached thereto at present, then directly send to destination host 211; If main frame is positioned at foreign link, gateway 201 is the retrieving information table, finds out the current foreign agent address of main frame 211, as IP202, purpose gateway address in the gateway 201 modification packets changes IP202 into by IP201, and continues to send to gateway 202 by IP network then.

When the packet that with main frame 211 is destination address arrives gateway 202, perhaps having in the transmit queue of gateway 202 with main frame 211 is that the packet of destination address does not have enough time to send, and this moment, main frame 211 disconnected and being connected of gateway 202, and be connected to gateway 203, at this moment gateway 202 will be according to the information table of safeguarding, the next agent address of finding main frame 211 is IP203, and the purpose gateway address in the packet is revised as IP203, continues to send by IP network.

Like this, because the address of main frame itself is constant all the time, gateway can send to destination host with packet, to avoid overtime re-transmission as much as possible according to the Foreign Agent information of safeguarding.Realize this point, host address must be overall unique address, the overall unique address that electronic product code comes to this.

3. be encoded to the main frame identification code with the interface in the IPV6 address and realize mobility

Before address, preceding 64 of IPV6 is a subnet prefix, adopts the rule encoding of stratification; 64 of backs are the interface codings.IPV6 does as a wholely to guarantee that the overall situation is unique, does not require, does not guarantee that also 64 interface coding accomplishes that the overall situation is unique.Yet in the address setup procedure of reality, generate the interface coding according to hardware address mostly, for example generate 64 interface coding according to 48 ethernet mac address, by suitable create-rule, just may guarantee the overall uniqueness of interface coding, and will remain unchanged once being provided with, the difference with subnet does not change.Utilize this stationarity and the overall uniqueness of the interface coding in the IPV6 address, can realize being the similar mobility of host address with the electronic product code together, certainly prerequisite is that the generating mode that interface is encoded must be able to guarantee that the overall situation is unique, and remains unchanged in communication process at least.

Because the IPV6 address itself comprises subnet prefix, router can rely on subnet prefix to realize high usage route.Interface with IPV6 is encoded to the main frame identification code, realizes mobility on IP network.Under the situation that the interface coding remains unchanged, in supporting ambulant network, gateway (comprising home agent and last agency) only needs the new IP address of record main frame to get final product.For example suppose that the current IPV6 address of main frame is: NetID1:IFID, the address when home link is: NetID:IFID, NetID and NetID1 are subnet prefixs, and IFID is the interface coding, and the current gateway address is: NetID1:IFID1.When main frame moves to new subnet, when being connected to new gateway NetID2:IFID2, its address will change to: NetID2:IFID, this new address NetID2:IFID of record in home agent and gateway NetID1:IFID1.The agency receives with NetID:IFID to be the packet of destination address when the local, when perhaps Foreign Agent NetID1:IFID1 receives and is the packet of destination address with NetID1:IFID, find that destination host does not directly link to each other with it, according to the interface coding lookup be then: NetID2:IFID to new IP address, change the destination address in the packet into NetID2:IFID, continue to send by IP network.Be coded in the consistency in moving owing to guaranteed host interface, no matter how the IP address changes, and packet can be sent to correct destination host.

3. seamless switching between the many interfaces of main frame

With the electronic product code of main frame network layer address itself, perhaps be used as the interface coding of total interface IPV6 address with the coding of the interface in the IPV6 address of one of them interface as total interface.When one of them interface will be closed, be gateway address notice to be closed the gateway that interface connected of address of host with Active Interface with the electronic product code; The gateway that interface connected that the IPV6 main frame is to cut out with the IPV6 address notification of an Active Interface.When to treat that down interface is that the packet of destination address arrives when before being attached thereto gateway, gateway is according to new gateway address or the new IPV6 address address information in the new data packets more, and continue to transmit data, can guarantee like this to treat that down interface is that the packet of destination address can arrive main frame by usable interface.

Claims

1. packet switching internet communication system, it is characterized in that: the network layer address of main frame and router adopts the different encoding scheme of two covers, host address guarantees overall uniqueness, the structure and the distribution of router address have systematicness, and the mode that combines with gateway address and host address indicates main frame.Be that also host address does not change in moving process.

2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: main frame is network layer address with the electronic product code, and router is a network layer address with the IP address.

3. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: source host is positioned at the loading section of standard I P packet according to the IP packet of gateway address generation standard as the electronic product code of host address; Also be: packet is directly transmitted on whole transmission path from the source host to the destination host, rather than as the load of another kind of protocol data bag.

4. according to claim 1,2,3 described systems is characterized in that: in the main frame moving process, when switching gateway, except record current gateway address information in home agent, also write down the current gateway address in last gateway.

5. according to claim 1,2,3 described systems is characterized in that: a kind of many interfaces main frame, and a plurality of interfaces adopt same address, and when an interface was to be closed, main frame was treated the gateway that down interface connects with the gateway address notice of Active Interface.

6. system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: when the gateway discovery destination host that receives packet did not directly link to each other with it, according to the current gateway address information of the destination host of record, more the gateway address in the new data packets continued to transmit.

7. realize the ambulant system of IPV6 for one kind, it is characterized in that: the interface of host ip V6 address is encoded to the main frame identification code, and employing can guarantee the generating algorithm that the overall situation is unique, remains unchanged in being created on communication process.Also be: in the main frame moving process, the new IPV6 address of record main frame in home agent and last agency, gateway receives destination host not when the packet of current link, the IPV6 address new according to the interface coding lookup of destination address, more the destination address in the new data packets is new IPV6 address, continues then to transmit.