CN1781290A - Radio ad hoc communication system, terminal, and processing method therein - Google Patents

Radio ad hoc communication system, terminal, and processing method therein Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1781290A
CN1781290A CNA2004800117838A CN200480011783A CN1781290A CN 1781290 A CN1781290 A CN 1781290A CN A2004800117838 A CNA2004800117838 A CN A2004800117838A CN 200480011783 A CN200480011783 A CN 200480011783A CN 1781290 A CN1781290 A CN 1781290A
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terminal
path
address
destination
link
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CNA2004800117838A
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CN100484089C (en
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礒津政明
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Abstract

A wireless ad hoc communication system is provided in which in the case where an alternative route can not be discovered in a certain node, a restoration is attempted in an intermediate node instead of deleting all routes up to a transmission source. In order to do so, a route discovery process 20 discovers and sets a route when a corresponding route is not set at the time of data communication request 10. A link state management process 40 monitors a state of a link 30 on the route set by the route discovery process 20, and updates a link state in a route table of each wireless terminal. When the link quality deteriorates, a route information notification process 50 notifies the link state to urge a retention of transmission data. An alternative route search process 60 searches an alternative route when the link quality deteriorates, and traces back to a terminal on the transmission side in order to search further when the alternative route is not discovered. A route switching process 70 switches a possible alternative route as a qualified route.

Description

Processing method in wireless personal communication system, terminal, the terminal
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless personal communication system, and relate in particular to wireless personal communication system, terminal in this system and processing method wherein and make computer (terminal) carry out the program of this method, wherein find to replace the path in case for later on during its packet sends, when middle link-quality reduces, prepare the path switching.
Background technology
Because the miniaturization of electronic installation and the raising of performance, and easily carry and use electronic installation to become possibility, therefore exist making the needs of the environment that can communicate by terminal being connected to network in the place of necessity.A kind of as in such environment advanced and set up network, the particularly development of special wireless network technology temporarily when needs.In this special wireless network, specific access point is not provided, and automatically distributes and manually connect each terminal (for example, computer, hand-held information terminal (PDA: personal digital assistant), mobile phone or the like).
In this special wireless network, change owing to different topology often takes place from conventional fixed network, therefore need to set up the controlling of path thereof, particularly Routing Protocol that is used to guarantee reliability.The Routing Protocol of the special wireless network of current proposition roughly is divided into two classes: instant (on-demand) method and table driving method.The mixed method of integrated these two kinds of methods has also been proposed in addition.
Because switching path information always, therefore showing driving method is considered to have relative high fault resistance with mixed method.On the other hand, because the lasting transmission of information and the overhead (overhead) that reception causes become problem.For example, when considering to be connected to the situation of special wireless network by battery-driven mobile device, with the viewpoint of measures of power consumption always switching path information be inconvenient.In addition, also existence can not be tackled the problem of catastrophic failure when the cycle of upgrading routing table is longer.
On the other hand, under the situation of instant method, by before beginning communication immediately transmit path find that request forms the path, even therefore when in the stage of communication beginning, in link during the generation catastrophic failure, also ignore this link and form active path.Yet when the quality of the link that is using in communication period is reduced to when making that this path is unavailable, communication is interrupted immediately, and need form the path once more from the transmission source.
For example, as the typical routing protocol of instant method, AODV (the special-purpose instant distance vector) agreement that exists a kind of MANET WG (mobile ad hoc network working group) to propose by IETF (internet engineering task group).In this AODV agreement, a kind of method has been proposed, wherein send the message that is used to ask to rediscover the path, and form new path (for example, the non-references 1 of reference) by the method that is called " the local repairing " when causing interrupting when in link, breaking down from the node at two ends.
[non-references 1]
" special-purpose On-demand Distance Vector Routing ", Charles E.Perkins, etal., (USA), IETF, February 17,2003, pp.23-25, Internet drafts＜http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-manet-aodv-13.tx t 〉
Summary of the invention
According to above-mentioned prior art, can repair the path that fault has taken place by find replacing the path, at that time when can not carry out such repairing, arbitrary have link that fault has taken place as the node in path to transmission source transmit path error message.After having deleted corresponding path, the node of RX path error message further is sent to the transmission source with path error message.
Because this specific character when when a link occurs fault can not be repaired, is deleted all paths when repeating the transfer path error message.For example, begin to the dedicated network that receives 10 hops in destination, in the time of can not repairing when breaking down, wipe all paths in such having at last hop from the transmission source.Set up the path once more from beginning and not only cause computing cost and need time overhead, and cause data-bag lost.
Specifically, in special wireless network because terminal (node) mobile causes the variation of topology, radio wave condition etc. for guarantee when in addition can method for communicating be very important also during link down.In above-mentioned prior art, when in link, breaking down, attempt to find to replace the path, yet this need delete all paths when in a single day node can not be found to replace node from the node of finding fault.On the other hand, in extensive dedicated network, because the path that deletion is all is also carried out from the transmission source again once more execution route and is found when breaking down on the link that is closing on the reception destination, therefore become quite high at the computing cost of finding the path from the transmission source once more and time overhead, this method is not the Perfected process of environment that mobile device is assumed to be the energy-conservation policy (orientation) of node.
In addition, in above-mentioned prior art, the rediscovering of execution route of having no progeny in causing of in link, breaking down.Therefore, owing to after link down, need the time to rediscover the path, therefore there is the possibility that can not take over seamlessly newfound path.For example, for this reason, the method for prior art does not think needing to be suitable for the situation of instantaneity, such as the situation of the real-time distribution of mobile image and voice.
Specifically, in special wireless network because the moving of terminal (node), radio wave condition etc. cause topology often to change, therefore guarantee when in addition can method for communicating be very important also during link down.Typically, the interruption of link not taking place suddenly, causes final situation of interrupting but there are many link-qualities to reduce gradually.Transient fault can be tackled in the replacement path that use is found during such process that runs down in advance, and therefore wishes to improve reliability.
Therefore, the present invention attempts not needing to delete until all paths in the source of transmission when not repairing in intermediate node when the particular sections point discovery is replaced the path in wireless personal communication system.
In addition, the present invention uses the replacement path of finding in advance to obtain instant path, so that prepare reduce the situation that causes interrupting at the communication period link-quality in wireless personal communication system.
In order to address the above problem, form according to wireless personal communication system of the present invention by a plurality of terminals, comprise: first intermediate terminals, be used for when the quality that is connected to it, sending the source terminal of communication data and receiving the link between the destination terminal of this communication data reduces, sending the path discovery request of replacing; And second terminal, be placed on the upstream between source terminal and the destination terminal about first intermediate terminals, and send data to first intermediate terminals, wherein when when failure request first intermediate terminals to the second terminal transmit path error notification, and send another replacement path discovery request when second terminal when first intermediate terminals receives this notice.Therefore, in the time can not finding to replace the path in first intermediate terminals, second intermediate terminals be attempted recovering and is not deleted until all paths in the source of transmission.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises: routing table, therein, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry; Be used for the monitoring link state and upgrade the device of Link State; Be used for when above-mentioned Link State becomes extension (stretch) state, will send to the device of another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of correspondence; And be used for when when failure request, to the device of the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the address list.Therefore, when the path became extension state, the path was replaced in search, and the terminal in the upstream of this terminal is further searched for the replacement path when the search failure.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises: routing table, therein, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry; Be used for the monitoring link state and upgrade the device of Link State; Be used for when above-mentioned Link State becomes extension state, to the device of another terminal transmission about the replacement path discovery request of corresponding destination-address; And when when failure request, to the device of the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the address list.Therefore, when the link on the path became extension state, the path was replaced in search, and when the search failure, by the transmit path error notification, and further search replacement path in the terminal of the upstream of this terminal.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises: routing table, make therein communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept getting off as path entry; Be used for the state of monitoring link and upgrade the device of the state of link; And when Link State becomes extension state, to the device of the transmission of the transmission source shown in the address list about the routing information of link.Therefore, by notification path information, the data buffer in the terminal of the upstream of this terminal keeps sending data, switches with the path of preparing the back.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises data buffer and is used for when receiving when becoming the routing information of link of extension state about Link State from above-mentioned another terminal that maintenance is sending to the device of the data of another terminal in data buffer during data are sent to another terminal.Therefore, when the notice of received path message, in data buffer, keep sending data and prepare the path and switch.
In addition, processing method of the present invention be a kind of be furnished with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and keep comprising step as the processing method in the terminal of the routing table of path entry: the state of monitoring link also upgrades the state of link; When becoming extension state, above-mentioned Link State sends routing information about link to the transmission source shown in the address list; When above-mentioned Link State becomes extension state, will send to another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of correspondence; And when the request failure, to the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the address list.Therefore, when the link on the path becomes extension state, notify Link State and in data buffer, keep sending data, switch to prepare the path, and the path is replaced in search simultaneously, then when when failure search,, make the discovery work of replacing the path by the terminal of the upstream of this terminal by the transmit path error notification.
In addition, processing method of the present invention is a kind of processing method in being furnished with the terminal of data buffer, comprise step: during data are sent to another terminal, receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state, in data buffer, keep sending to the data of another terminal about Link State from another terminal; When receiving path error when notice from another terminal in the scheduled time behind received path message, the replacement path discovery request that will be used for destination-address sends to another farther terminal; Even and when the scheduled time behind the received path message later also not when another terminal receives the path error notice, abandon the data that remain in the buffer.Therefore, when the path failure is replaced in search,, make the discovery work of replacing the path by the terminal of the upstream of this terminal, and replace the path can be successful the time, abandon unnecessary data from data buffer when the supposition search by the transmit path error notification.
In addition, processing method of the present invention is the processing method in a kind of terminal, wherein this terminal is furnished with: with communication objective way address, transmit destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and with they routing tables as the path entry maintenance, and data buffer, the method comprising the steps of: receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state about Link State from another terminal during data are sent to another terminal, keep sending to the data of another terminal in data buffer; When receiving path error when notice from another terminal in the scheduled time behind received path message, will send to another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of destination-address; When the replacement path found about this request, send order and switch to the replacement path of this discovery as eligible path; And when the replacement path that do not have to find about this request, from another terminal to the transmission source transfer path error notification shown in the address list.Therefore, when the path is replaced in search when the downstream of this terminal terminal can not be found the path, when finding to replace the path, switch to the replacement path of this discovery as eligible path, and in the time can not finding to replace the path, notify the terminal of the upstream that is sent to this terminal so that replace the discovery work in path path error.
In addition, program of the present invention be make be furnished with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and the program of following process is carried out in maintenance as the terminal of the routing table of path entry: the state of monitoring link also upgrades the state of link; When becoming extension state, above-mentioned Link State sends routing information about link to the transmission source shown in the address list; When Link State becomes extension state, will send to another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of correspondence; And when the request failure, to the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the address list.Therefore, when the link on the path becomes extension state, notify Link State and in data buffer, keep sending data, switch to prepare the path, and the path is replaced in search simultaneously, then when when failure search,, make the discovery work of replacing the path by the terminal of the upstream of this terminal by the transmit path error notification.
In addition, program of the present invention is to make the terminal of being furnished with data buffer carry out the program of following process: receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state about Link State from another terminal during data are sent to another terminal, keep sending to the data of another terminal in data buffer; When receiving path error when notice from another terminal in the scheduled time behind received path message, will send to another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of above-mentioned purpose way address; Even when the scheduled time behind the received path message later also not when another terminal receives the path error notice, abandon the data that remain in the buffer.Therefore, when the path failure is replaced in search,, make the discovery work of replacing the path by the terminal of the upstream of this terminal, and replace the path can be successful the time, abandon unnecessary data from data buffer when the supposition search by the transmit path error notification.
In addition, program of the present invention is to make terminal carry out the program of following process, wherein this terminal is furnished with: with communication objective way address, transmit destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and with they routing tables as the path entry maintenance, and data buffer, described process is: receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state about Link State from another terminal during data are sent to another terminal, keep sending to the data of another terminal in data buffer; When receiving path error when notice from another terminal in the scheduled time behind received path message, the replacement path discovery request that will be used for destination-address sends to another farther terminal; When the replacement path found about this request, send order and switch to the replacement path of this discovery as eligible path; And when the replacement path that do not have to find about this request, from another terminal to the transmission source transfer path error notification shown in the address list.Therefore, when the path is replaced in search when the downstream of this terminal terminal can not be found the path, when finding to replace the path, switch to the replacement path of this discovery as eligible path, and in the time can not finding to replace the path, notify the terminal of the upstream that is sent to this terminal so that replace the discovery work in path path error.
In order to address the above problem, form wireless personal communication system of the present invention by a plurality of terminals, comprise: first intermediate terminals, be used for when the quality that is connected to it, sending the source terminal of communication data and receiving the link between the destination terminal of this communication data reduces, sending the path discovery request of replacing; And second terminal, be used for when receiving request, being provided with possible replacement path, wherein first intermediate terminals sends behind the path that is provided with possible replacement and orders toggle path, and when receiving order, second intermediate terminals switches to as the possible replacement path of eligible path.Therefore, the possible replacement path from the destination terminal to source terminal equipment, and switch by using link-quality to reduce to obtain the path immediately as trigger.
In addition, form wireless personal communication system of the present invention by a plurality of terminals, comprising: source terminal is used to send communication data; The destination terminal is used for the received communication data; First intermediate terminals is used for when the quality that is connected to this link of terminal during the transport communication data between source terminal and destination terminal reduces, and sends the path discovery request of replacing; And second terminal, be used for when receiving request, being provided with possible replacement path, and communicate that request to another farther terminal, wherein the destination terminal sends replying this request when receiving request, when second intermediate terminals receives order, second intermediate terminals is set to the destination terminal with possible replacement path, and this is replied be sent to another farther terminal, first intermediate terminals is replied back transmission first order in reception and is come toggle path, when second terminal receives first order, the destination terminal is switched to possible replacement path as eligible path, and first order is sent to another farther terminal, sending second order when the destination terminal receives first order switches, and second intermediate terminals received for second when order source terminal is switched to possible replacement path as eligible path, and second order is sent to another farther terminal.Therefore, two-way replacement path is set between source terminal and destination terminal, and obtains the path switching immediately by using link-quality to reduce as trigger.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises: routing table, therein, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry; Be used for the monitoring link state and upgrade the device of Link State; Be used for when above-mentioned Link State becomes extension state, will send to the device of another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of correspondence.Therefore, possible replacement path and switching by using link-quality to reduce to obtain the path immediately as trigger thereafter is set.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises: routing table, therein, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry; Be used for receiving the device of replacing the path discovery request from another terminal; And the Link State in replacement path that is used for arriving the source address of this request is set in the routing table device as candidate state.Therefore, possible replacement path is set to replace the transmission source of path request.
In addition, terminal of the present invention comprises: routing table, therein, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry; Be used for receiving order and switch to the device of replacing the path from another terminal; And be used for to the destination-address of order, Link State is the path of candidate state is set to routing table as effective status device.Therefore, the instant execution switches to the possible replacement path that sets in advance to eligible path.
In addition, processing method of the present invention is a kind ofly communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address to be mapped being furnished with, and the processing method in the terminal of the routing table that they are kept as path entry, comprise step: the monitoring link state also upgrades Link State; When Link State becomes extension state, replace the path discovery request to another terminal transmission according to the destination-address of correspondence.Therefore, possible replacement path and switch by using link-quality to reduce to obtain the path immediately as trigger is set.
In addition, processing method of the present invention is a kind ofly communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address to be mapped being furnished with, and the processing method in the terminal of the routing table that they are kept as path entry, comprise step: receive the path discovery request of replacing from another terminal; The Link State that arrives the replacement path of the source address in this request is set in the routing table as candidate state; And send when being the address of this terminal the replying of this request when the destination-address in the request, and the destination-address in asking communicates that request to another terminal when not being its address.Therefore, be provided with the possible replacement path in the transmission source of replacing the path discovery request.
In addition, processing method of the present invention is a kind ofly communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address to be mapped being furnished with, and the processing method in the terminal of the routing table that they are kept as path entry, comprise step: receive order from another terminal and switch to and replace the path; When existing Link State to be the path of extension state or effective status, the path that will arrive the destination-address in the order is set in the routing table as effective status; And will arrive destination-address in the order, Link State is that the path of candidate state is set in the routing table as effective status.Therefore, the instant execution switches to the possible replacement path that sets in advance to eligible path.
In addition, program of the present invention is to make wherein to be furnished with communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and the terminal of the routing table that they are kept as path entry is carried out the program of following process: the monitoring link state also upgrades Link State; When Link State becomes extension state, will send to another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of correspondence; And send order and switch to the replacement path found as eligible path.Therefore, possible replacement path and switching by using link-quality to reduce to obtain the path immediately as trigger is set.
In addition, program of the present invention is to make wherein to be furnished with communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and the terminal of the routing table that they are kept as path entry is carried out the program of following process: receive the path discovery request of replacing from another terminal; The Link State that arrives the replacement path of the source address in this request is set in the routing table as candidate state; And send when being the address of this terminal the replying of this request when the destination-address in the request, and the destination-address in asking communicates that request to another terminal when not being its address.Therefore, be provided with the possible replacement path in the transmission source of replacing the path discovery request.
In addition, program of the present invention is to make wherein to be furnished with communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and the terminal of the routing table that they are kept as path entry is carried out the program of following process: receive order from another terminal and switch to and replace the path; When existing Link State to be the path of extension state or effective status, the path that will arrive the destination-address in the order is set in the routing table as effective status; And will arrive destination-address in the order, Link State is that the path of candidate state is set in the routing table as effective status.Therefore, the instant execution switches to the possible replacement path that sets in advance to eligible path.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A and 1B are the figure of the example of the special wireless network supposed in the wireless personal communication system that is presented at according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 A and 2B are the figure that is used to be provided with the process in path in the special wireless network that is presented at according to Fig. 1 example;
Fig. 3 is the figure that shows the summary of the processing in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the figure that shows the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the wireless terminal 100 in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the figure that shows the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the routing table 610 that keeps wireless terminal 100 in embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the figure that shows according to the example of state transitions in the Link State management processing 40 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the routing information notification data bag 830 in the routing information notifier processes 50 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path request packet 810 in the replacement path search processing 60 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path reply data bag 820 in the replacement path search processing 60 of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path error packet 840 in the replacement path search processing 60 of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path switch data bag 850 in the path hand-off process 70 of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is the figure that shows the path when terminal C transmit path information is in embodiments of the present invention notified;
Figure 13 is the figure that shows the path when in embodiments of the present invention terminal C transmit path mistake;
Figure 14 be show paths switch in embodiments of the present invention terminal S and the figure of the state in the replacement path between the terminal D;
Figure 15 is before the routing information notice that shows in embodiments of the present invention and the data of terminal A afterwards send figure regularly;
Figure 16 is the figure that shows when the content of the routing table 610 from the path of terminal S during to the terminal D executive communication and each terminal;
Figure 17 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 when the path when the path is replaced in terminal A request and each terminal;
Figure 18 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 when the path when terminal B transmits the request of replacing the path and each terminal;
Figure 19 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 when the path when terminal E transmits the request of replacing the path and each terminal;
Figure 20 is the figure of the content of the routing table 610 in path and each terminal that shows when terminal D sends replying of the request of replacing the path;
Figure 21 is the figure of the content of the routing table 610 in path and each terminal that shows when terminal A sends order possible replacement path is switched to qualified path;
Figure 22 is the figure of the content of the routing table 610 in path and each terminal that shows when terminal D sends order possible replacement path is switched to qualified path;
Figure 23 is the figure of content of the routing table 610 in the state that switches to the replacement path between terminal S and the terminal D and each terminal of showing paths;
Figure 24 is the flow chart that shows the processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 received path message notification data bags 830;
Figure 25 is the flow chart that shows the processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path misdata bags 840;
Figure 26 is the flow chart that shows the processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path request data package 810;
Figure 27 is the flow chart that shows the processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path reply data bags 820; And
Figure 28 is the flow chart that shows the processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path switch data bags 850.
Embodiment
Next, explain embodiments of the invention in detail by the reference accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the figure of the example of the special wireless network supposed in the wireless personal communication system that is presented at according to the embodiment of the invention.In the example of Figure 1A, six terminals (terminal S (201) is to terminal E (206)) are formed the network of wireless personal communication system.In addition, the dotted line of each terminal surrounding is represented the communication range 291 to 296 of terminal 201 to 206 respectively.
For example, terminal A (202) and terminal B (203) are included in the communication range 291 of terminal S (201).In addition, terminal S (201), terminal B (203) and terminal C (204) are included in the communication range 292 of terminal A (202).In addition, terminal S (201), terminal A (201) and terminal E (206) are included in the communication range 293 of terminal B (203).In addition, terminal A (202), terminal D (205) and terminal E (206) are included in the communication range 294 of terminal C (204).In addition, terminal C (204) and terminal E (206) are included in the communication range 295 of terminal D (205).In addition, terminal B (203), terminal C (204) and terminal D (205) are included in the communication range 296 of terminal E (206).
Figure 1B schematically shows this relation between the terminal.In Figure 1B, the terminal that exists in communication range 291 to 296 couples together with line mutually.Therefore, be appreciated that when not having between the direct-connected terminal executive communication, should be by a plurality of hop executive communications via other terminal.
Fig. 2 A and 2B are the figure that is used to be provided with the process in path in the special wireless network that is presented at according to Fig. 1 example.Also be not provided with between the specific terminal under the situation in path, prior art can be as the processing that the path is set when beginning.For example, in above-mentioned AODV agreement, by from source terminal to destination terminal transmit path request message and by to source terminal transmit path response message the path being set from the destination terminal.
Fig. 2 A shows when the flow process from terminal S (201) to terminal D (205) packet when making path request.If in the path that also is not set to terminal D when terminal D sends data, then terminal S access path is found to handle.At first, terminal S broadcast route request message (Route REQuest message:RREQ).Receive the terminal A (202) of this path request message and the reverse path (Reverse Path:RP) that terminal B (203) is set to terminal S, wherein terminal S is the transmission source of path request message.Here, reverse path refers to such path: therein, when occurring data to be sent to the request in the transmission source in the path request message, the adjacent end that has sent path request message will become next and transmit the destination.
Received also broadcast route request message of the terminal A of path request message and terminal B, because the destination is not these terminals.Therefore, path request message is transferred to terminal C (204) and terminal E (206).On the other hand, in terminal S and terminal B, also receive the path request message of terminal A broadcasting, still, because appended request identifier mates in the path request message, so in terminal S and terminal B, abandon the message of reception.Similarly, in terminal S and terminal A, abandon the path request message of terminal B broadcasting.Therefore, request identifier is used for detecting and repeats to receive.
Received also broadcast route request message behind the reverse path that is provided with terminal S of the terminal C of path request message and terminal E.Therefore, path request message incoming terminal D (205).Though terminal D abandons the path request message that receives after a while from terminal C and terminal E RX path request message.
Fig. 2 B shows when making from the flow process of terminal D packet when reply in the path of terminal S.Terminal D is behind the reverse path that is provided with terminal S, by the clean culture as the terminal S that sends the source is come transmit path response message (Route REPley message:RREP).For example, when terminal D replied the path request message of self terminal C, terminal D was replied by the clean culture that sends the terminal C of destination as next is sent.
The terminal C that has received the path response message is set to the reverse path as the terminal D in the transmission source of path response message.Then, terminal C is to terminal A transfer path response message.Similarly, the terminal A that has received the path response message is set to the reverse path as the terminal D in the transmission source of path response message, and to terminal S transfer path response message.
The terminal S that has received the path response message is set to the reverse path as the terminal D in the transmission source of path response message.Therefore, finishing path discovery handles
Fig. 3 is the figure that shows the summary of the processing in the embodiment of the invention.As explaining among Fig. 2, if also be not set to the path of destination-address when producing data communications requests 10, then the terminal access path is found to handle 20.Therefore, the path is set between terminal.This path of terminal room interconnects link of terminal 30 by at least one and forms.
After the path is set, by Link State management processing 40 monitoring links.Specifically, be updated in the item that is called as path status in the path entry in the routing table of each terminal rightly.As described below each terminal keeps the information about the link that is connected to it in routing table like that, and just upgrades this routing table as long as Link State changes.Therefore, each terminal can obtain up-to-date Link State, and can not fail.
When the Link State in the path of using becomes predetermined state, in routing information notifier processes 50, notify the transmission source with this Link State.For example, when link-quality reduced for some reason, the terminal that is connected to link at transmit leg sent to the transmission source with the routing information notice.Received in the data buffer that the terminal of this routing information notice begins to provide therein and kept data.In addition, between each terminal in the source of transmission, transmitting this routing information notice continuously.
When the Link State in the path of using became predetermined state, the path was replaced in search in replacing path search processing 60.For example, when link-quality reduces for some reason, be connected to the terminal transmit path request of link so that find to replace the path at transmit leg.The terminal of transmit path request is replied according to the predefined procedure RX path, and possible replacement path is set thus.
Yet, when not finding suitable replacement path, path error is sent in the next terminal on the path in the source of transmission for this path request.Then, received the terminal transmit path request of this path error so that find to replace the path.Even when not finding suitable replacement path, also path error is sent in the next again terminal on the path in the source of transmission, and repeat identical process, till finding to replace the path by this request.
When the Link State in the path of using after being provided with possible replacement path becomes predetermined state, in path hand-off process 70, switch to and replace the path.For example, when link-quality for some reason further reduced and the link disconnection will take place, the terminal that has been provided with possible replacement path was given an order to another terminal and is switched to possible replacement path as qualified path.For this reason, replacing the path becomes to the eligible path of destination terminal.
Next, explain the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the wireless terminal in the embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 4 is the figure that shows the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the wireless terminal 100 in the embodiment of the invention.This wireless terminal 100 comprises by bus 180 interconnective communications processor elements 110, controller 120, display unit 130, operating unit 140 and memory 600.In addition, antenna 105 is connected to communications processor element 110.Communications processor element 110 produces the frame of network interface layer (data link layer) according to the signal that receives by antenna 105.In addition, communications processor element 110 sends the frame of network interface layer by antenna 105.And communications processor element 110 detects about the signal/noise ratio of the signal that receives by antenna 105 (S/N ratio) and notifies controller 120.
The whole wireless terminal 100 of controller 120 controls.For example, the frame that produces by reference communications processor element 110 is carried out predetermined processing.Controller 120 has timer 125 and Measuring Time.In addition, controller 120 calculates the error rate of frame or packet.
Display unit 130 is provided, for example uses LCD etc., show predetermined information.Operating unit 140 is provided, and for example keyboard, push-button switch etc. produce operational order at wireless terminal 100 from the outside.
As described below such, the data that the operation that provides memory 600 to come retentive control device 120 is required, comprise routing table 610 and keep information, and comprise the data that data buffer 620 keeps sending to another terminal about the path that is used to connect this terminal.
Fig. 5 is the figure that shows the routing table ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP that keeps wireless terminal 100 in embodiments of the present invention.Routing table 610 keeps destination-address 611, transmits quantity 613, Link State 614, sequence number 615, the owner 616 of destination-address 612, destination hop and formerly tabulates 617 as path entry.Destination-address 611 has shown the address of the final destination terminal in this path.Here, only needing the address is the address of unique identification terminal, for example can use MAC (media interviews control) address, IP (Internet Protocol) address or the like.Transmit destination-address 612 and show the address of the next terminal that is used to transmit, so that arrive corresponding destination-address 611.
The quantity 613 of destination hop shows in order to arrive the necessary link number of corresponding destination-address 611.For example, under the situation of the example of Figure 1B, the quantity of hop is 2, and this is because altogether need pass two links along the path by terminal A incoming terminal S from terminal C.The state that Link State 614 shows about the link that arrives corresponding transmission destination-address 612.Will be described later this Link State.
Provide sequence number 615 to avoid issuable circulation between path that forms in the past and the path that newly forms.By numeral relatively the size of this sequence number 615 can judge which path is new formation.
The owner 616 shows the owner of link corresponding.Owing to have the terminal that is connected to a link, when changing, the state of link has two possibilities that terminal begins to move immediately at both link ends (two).Then, give each link assignment owner so that the owner has the responsibility of link management.Need which terminal of unique appointment to become the owner.For example, can be by numeric ratio than IP address (or MAC Address), and in the stage that the path is set owner's mark in this path is provided with to bigger that of numeral.In addition, can also determine according to the adjacent end number except that the digital size of address, terminal capabilities etc.Owing in having the node of a plurality of adjacent end, handle the possibility height in a plurality of replacements path, and the compute cost that spends in having high performance terminal in the processing of finding the replacement path is low, so consider that those nodes and terminal are as the possessory candidate in path.Here, in the example of Fig. 5, the owner is expressed as " 1 ", rather than possessory being expressed as " 0 ".
Formerly tabulate 617 is the tabulations that are shown to the group of addresses of the terminal in the reverse path of the destination-address 611 on this path.For example, exist from terminal D by terminal C and then point to by terminal A under the situation in path of terminal S, formerly tabulating of path entry 617 comprises terminal D in the routing table 610 of terminal C, wherein terminal S is a destination-address 611 and terminal A transmits destination-address 612.Here, for example, when extra existence when terminal X points to the data flow of terminal S by terminal C and then by terminal A, formerly tabulating 617 also comprises terminal X.
Next, explain the state variation of the Link State of the embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 6 is the figure that shows according to the example of state transitions in the Link State management processing 40 of the embodiment of the invention.As Link State, suppose to have five kinds of states: effective status (V-state: Valid) 41, disarmed state (I-state: Invalid) 42, interrupt status (B-state: Break), extension state (S-state: Stretched) 44 and candidate state (C-state: Candidate) 45.
Effective status 41 is the states that are set to eligible path.Though disarmed state 42 is not as the path but path entry still remains on the state in the routing table 610.On the other hand, interrupt status 43 also is not as the path but the state that path entry has been deleted from routing table 610.According to the interrupt status 43 of hypothesis, can minimize path entry increases available memory and reduces management cost.
Extension state 44 be have the link of effective status 41 because the reduction of link-quality becomes unsure state.For example, consider situation that the accepting state of radio wave worsens, because the human body shielding makes the situation that radio wave is difficult to pass through, or the like.Though in communication, have some problem, but still hypothesis even this extension state 44 are not the complete impossible states of communication.Candidate state 45 is by replacing the state that path search processing 60 is set to possible replacement path, though and this path can with but still the state of doing qualified path of no use.
At first, when in path discovery processing 20 path being set, the path becomes effective status, when the quality of link reduces, makes the transfer to extension state 44 then.In addition, when the past scheduled time when also not having to use the path be under the effective status 41, along with the overtime transfer of making to disarmed state 42.In addition, when replacing the path when switching to eligible path, about effective status 41 at preceding link, make transfer to disarmed state 42.
When the path transfers extension state 44 to, find to replace the path by replacing path search processing 60.When replacing the path when switching to eligible path, about extension state 44 at preceding link, make transfer to disarmed state 42.In addition, when the past scheduled time also do not have to use when being in the path of extension state 44, along with the overtime transfer of making to disarmed state 42 or interrupt status.Should be noted that when the link-quality that is in extension state 44 further reduce make link become fully can not executive communication state the time, make transfer, but when link-quality improved, effective status was returned in the path once more to interrupt status 43.
When replacing the path when candidate state switches to effective status 41 45 times, make transfer to effective status 41.On the other hand, to such an extent as to when link-quality candidate state 45 times further reduce links become fully can not executive communication state the time, perhaps when having pass by the scheduled time when also not using, according to the overtime transfer of making to interrupt status 43, and from routing table 610 this path of deletion.
In addition, to such an extent as to when link-quality disarmed state 42 times further reduce links become fully can not executive communication state the time, perhaps when having pass by the scheduled time when also not using the path, according to the overtime transfer of making to interrupt status 43, and from routing table 610 this path of deletion.On the other hand, even when quality is reduced to the level that can not communicate by letter suddenly, also suppose to make transfer, and directly do not make transfer to interrupt status 43 to extension state 44 about effective status 41.
Should be noted that control 120 according to by the letter of communications processor element 110 detected physical layers/make an uproar than with the error rate of the media access control sublayer that calculates by controller 120, judge whether the quality of link in this state transitions good.In addition, make overtime judgement according to the timer 125 of controller 120.
Next, by being explained with reference to the drawings the packet configuration in the embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the routing information notification data bag 830 in the routing information notifier processes 50 of the embodiment of the invention.When make from effective status (V-state) 41 during to the transfer of extension state (S-state) 44, about the Link State in the routing table 610 614 by the terminal transmit path information notification data bag 830 of the transmit leg that is connected to link.This routing information notification data bag 830 comprises type of data packet 831, Link State 832, source address 833, address, upstream 834, address, downstream 835 and data survival time 836.
Type of data packet 831 is indicated number fields according to the type of bag, and under the situation of this routing information notification data bag 830, indicating this packet is routing information notification data bag.Link State 832 is fields of the current Link State of indication link.In an embodiment of the present invention, effective status (V-state) 41 or extension state (S-state) 44 are assumed to be Link State 832, but even in the state except above-mentioned state, also can make transmission.
Source address 833 is that indication is used to use this path to send the field of address of the terminal of data.Address, upstream 834 and address, downstream 835 are addresses that indication is used to specify the terminal of the link with Link State 832.Specifically, address, upstream 834 is the terminals that are connected to the transmit leg of that link, and the address of the terminal of indication transmit path information notification data bag 830.In addition, address, downstream 835 is the terminals that are connected to the recipient of this link, and indication is corresponding to the address of the terminal of next hop of the terminal of transmit path information notification data bag 830.
The data survival time 836 is to specify the terminal that receives routing information notification data bag 830 should keep data field how long under transmit status, in data buffer 620 (Fig. 4).For example, can indicate the period (from several milliseconds to several seconds) that keep data.On the other hand, in the time should not keeping data, value of setting in the data survival time 836 " 0 ".When not receiving path error message in the period after receiving routing information notification data bag 830, in this data survival time 836, wireless terminal 100 abandons the data that remain in the data buffer 620.
Fig. 8 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path request packet 810 in the replacement path search processing 60 of the embodiment of the invention.When make from effective status (V-state) 41 during to the transfer of extension state (S-state) 44, about the Link State in the routing table 610 614 by the terminal transmit path request data package 810 of the transmit leg that is connected to link.This path request packet 810 comprises type of data packet 811, replaces mark 812, hop-count 813, request identifier 814, destination-address 815, destination sequence number 816, source address 817, agent address 818 and source sequence number 819.
Type of data packet 811 is indicated number fields according to the type of bag, and under the situation of this path request packet 810, indicating this packet is the path request packet.Replacing mark 812 is the fields of indicating this path request packet 810 to be used for the initial path setting or being used to be provided with possible replacement path.For example, when replacement mark 812 was " OFF ", this packet was the normal route request, and when the replacement mark was " ON ", this packet was the particular path request that is used to be provided with possible replacement path.Be provided with the path request packet 810 of replacing mark 812 is sent to non-extension state 44 by a plurality of clean cultures other terminal.In addition, in receiving the terminal that is provided with the path request packet 810 of replacing mark 812, under the constraint of the restriction of sequence number that not will be described below and hop quantity, form routing information about the path request source.
Hop-count 813 is fields of the number of links passed through from source address 817 of indication.Request identifier 814 is that indication is used for the field of unique identification about the identifier of the path request of path request packet 810.During the processing that path request is sent to destination-address 815 from source address 817, do not change this request identifier 814.
Destination-address 815 is meant the field that is shown as to the address of the terminal of the final destination in the path that will be provided with, the address of the final destination terminal of these destination-address 815 indication path request packets 810.Be set to the path of destination-address 815 according to this path request packet 810.Destination sequence number 816 is fields of the maximum sequence number that received in the past of the terminal of indication on the path of destination-address 815.
Source address 817 is meant the field that is shown as to the address of the terminal of the starting point in the path that will be provided with.When replacement mark 812 is not set, 817 indications of this source address are when the at first address of the source terminal of transmit path request data package 810 is not set when replacing mark 812, but when being provided with replacement mark 812, source address 817 is indicated the at first address of the source terminal of the follow-up agent address 818 of transmit path request data package 810.When being provided with replacement mark 812, agent address 818 is indication fields as the address of the terminal of acting on behalf of transmit path request data package 810.
Source sequence number 819 is fields of current sequence number of indication source terminal, and becomes about being provided with the destination sequence number towards the terminal in the path of that source terminal.
Fig. 9 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path reply data bag 820 in the replacement path search processing 60 of the embodiment of the invention.Send this path reply data bag 820 by the terminal that shows in the destination-address in path request information 810 815 and be used as replying path request data package 810.This path reply data bag 820 comprises type of data packet 821, replaces mark 822, hop-count 823, destination-address 825, destination sequence number 826, source address 827, agent address 828 and remaining time 829.
Type of data packet 821 is indicated number fields according to the type of bag, and under the situation of this path reply data bag 820, indicating this packet is path reply data bag.Mark 812 is similar to replacing, and replacing mark 822 is the fields of indicating this path reply data bag 820 to be used for the initial path setting or being used to be provided with possible replacement path.After receiving this packet, no longer further transmit and be provided with the path reply data bag 820 of replacing mark 822 by the terminal shown in the agent address 818.
Hop-count 823 is fields of the number of links passed through from destination-address 825 of indication.Destination-address 825 is meant the field that is shown as to the address of the terminal of the final destination in the path that will be provided with, and these destination-address 825 indications have sent the address of the terminal of path reply data bag 820.Destination sequence number 826 is fields of the maximum sequence number that received in the past of the terminal of indication on the path of destination-address 825.
Source address 827 is meant the field that is shown as to the address of the terminal of the starting point in the path that will be provided with.When being provided with when replacing mark 822, agent address 828 is meant the address that is shown as to the terminal of the final destination of path reply data bag 820.Are fields of the remaining time in indication path remaining times 829, are used to judge above-mentioned overtime.
Figure 10 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path error packet 840 in the replacement path search processing 60 of the embodiment of the invention.Even replace the path and also can not find under the situation of replacing the path in path search processing 60, searching, by the terminal on the transmit leg that is connected to link, use the quality of link to reduce to come transmit path misdata bag 840 as trigger.This path error packet 840 comprises the destination-address 842 of type of data packet 841 and no show.Type of data packet 841 is indicated number fields according to the type of bag, and under the situation of this path error packet 840, it indicates this packet is the path error packet.
Even being indications, the destination-address of no show 842 in the transmission terminal of path error packet 840, searches the field of replacing the path, can not find the destination-address in path.Received the destination-address 842 of the terminal of path error packet 840 with reference to this no show, in corresponding to the path entry of the destination-address 611 (Fig. 5) of routing table 610, Link State 614 is changed to extension state from effective status, and replace the path from terminal searching.In addition can not find to replace under the situation in path by such search, Link State changes to disarmed state (or deletion) from extension state, and path error packet 840 is sent on the address that writes in 617 of formerly tabulating.
Figure 11 shows the figure that is used in according to the ios dhcp sample configuration IOS DHCP of the path switch data bag 850 in the path hand-off process 70 of the embodiment of the invention.Be used to possible replacement path is set so that the terminal that switches to as the path request packet 810 in the replacement path of eligible path sends this path switch data bag 850 by having sent.Normal data packet can be used as path switch data bag 850.For example, as shown in figure 11, the definition that changes the head part 851 in the packet that comprises data 857 in the pay(useful) load part 856 by part can obtain this packet.Yet,, under the situation that can not change the head part, can after the path switch data bag 850 that comprises analog information is sent out as the control data bag, send packet in the situation of IPv4.
In the head part 851 of the path switch data bag 850 that uses packet, except normal destination-address 852 and source address 853, also provide path switch flag 854.Having received terminal that path switch flag 854 therein is set to the packet of " ON ", to switch possible replacement path be qualified path.Specifically, in routing table 610, search for the path entry of destination-address 611, and will change into effective status 41 from candidate state 45 at the Link State in such path entry 614 corresponding to destination-address 852.In addition, having precedence over situation recited above, is paths of effective status 41 or extension state 45 if exist in destination-address 611 corresponding to Link State 614 in the path entry of destination-address 852, and then Link State 614 changes to disarmed state 42.
Next, diagram is the operation of each processing in the embodiment of the invention with reference to the width of cloth.
Figure 12 is the figure that shows the path when terminal C transmit path information is in embodiments of the present invention notified.Here, suppose when the data of execution from terminal S to terminal D send, to use the path of passing through terminal A, terminal B and terminal C.When the quality reduction of the link between terminal C and the terminal D became extension state, terminal C was to terminal B transmit path information notification data bag 830.In this case, in routing information notification data bag 830 shown in Figure 7, source address 833 shows the address that sends the terminal S in source as data, address, upstream 834 shows the address of the terminal C that sends this routing information notification data bag 830, and the address that address, downstream 835 shows as the terminal D of next hop.As Link State 832, show that Link State is an extension state.
The terminal B that has received this routing information notification data bag 830 keeps sending to the data of terminal C in its data buffer 620.Terminal B further is sent to upstream end A with this routing information notification data bag 830.Therefore, terminal A also is enabled in the data that keep sending to terminal B in its data buffer 620.Similarly, terminal A further is sent to upstream end S with this routing information notification data bag 830.Therefore, terminal S also is enabled in the data that keep sending to terminal A in its data buffer 620.Because terminal S is the transmission source of data, and source address 833 is corresponding to its address, so terminal S no longer transmits this packet.
Figure 13 is the figure that shows the path when in embodiments of the present invention terminal C transmit path misdata bag 840.Behind the terminal C transmit path communication notifications packet 830, terminal C transmit path request data package 810 is so that the path that the path replaces being between terminal C and the terminal D extension state is replaced in search in Figure 12.C sees in terminal, and the adjacent end outside the terminal D is terminal B and terminal G.Because terminal B is included in the tabulation formerly 617 of current path, so do not search for path by terminal B in this stage.Here, as shown in figure 13,, then can not find path by terminal G if the path between terminal C and the terminal G disconnects.Therefore, terminal C can not find other path.Then, terminal C is to terminal B transmit path misdata bag 840.
Received the terminal B transmit path request data package 810 of transmit path misdata bag 840, so that the replacement path between search terminal B and the terminal D.From terminal B, the adjacent end outside the terminal C is terminal A and terminal F.Because terminal S is included in the tabulation formerly 617 of current path, so do not search for path by terminal S in this stage.Here, as shown in figure 13, if the path between path between terminal F and the terminal G and terminal F and the terminal I all disconnects, then terminal B can not find other path.Then, terminal B is to terminal A transmit path misdata bag 840.
Received the terminal A transmit path request data package 810 of transmit path misdata bag 840, so that the replacement path between search terminal A and the terminal D.From terminal A, the adjacent end outside the terminal B is terminal S and terminal E.Because terminal S is included in the tabulation formerly 617 of current path, so do not search for path by terminal S in this stage.As shown in figure 13,, be disconnected to the path of terminal F, but be connected to the path of terminal H about terminal E.The path request packet 810 that transmission is sent from terminal A is till this packet passes through terminal H, terminal I and terminal J incoming terminal D from terminal E.During this is handled, be provided with from the path of terminal D in the routing table 610 in the terminal on this path towards terminal S.In this stage, the Link State 614 on this path is candidate state.
The terminal D that has received path request packet 810 is to terminal J transmit path reply data bag 820.Transmit this path reply data bag 820 with the opposite direction in the path of transfer path request data package 810.During this is handled, be provided with from the path of terminal S in the routing table 610 of the terminal on the path towards terminal D.In this stage, the Link State 614 on this path is candidate state.
Figure 14 be show paths switch in embodiments of the present invention terminal S and the figure of the state in the replacement path between the terminal D.As mentioned above, be provided with by path request packet 810 and path reply data bag 820 on the stage of replacing the path, the Link State 614 on this path is candidate state.Terminal A is to terminal E transmit path switch data bag 850, so that make this path switch to eligible path.To at preceding path changing behind disarmed state, the candidate state of link changed into effective status replacing the terminal E that on the path, has received this path switch data bag 850.In addition, transmit this path switch data bag 850, till this packet passes through terminal H, terminal I and terminal J incoming terminal D from terminal E.Therefore, replace the path and be switched to eligible path.
Figure 15 is before the routing information notice that shows in embodiments of the present invention and the data of terminal A afterwards send figure regularly.Figure 15 A shows when from the data flow of terminal A during to terminal B transmission data.Shown in Figure 15 B, suppose when terminal A has sent data d1 to d3, to receive routing information notification data bag 830, the data behind d4 and the d4 will be sent to terminal B so, and be maintained in the data buffer 620 of terminal A.
Suppose to receive when terminal A has sent data d6 the path switch data bag 850 that the path switches to terminal E, next terminal A sends to data terminal E so.At this moment, terminal A at first sent the data d4 that remained in the data buffer 620 to d6 before sending next data d7.Then, finish and to remain on after data d4 in the data buffer 620 sends to terminal E to d6 the data of terminal A order after terminal E sends d7 and d7.Can not send the transmission data between transfer period when switching by this way, in the path with omitting.Here, though exist terminal D to repeat to receive by terminal B by the possibility of the data d4 that sends in preceding path, because terminal D is discarded in the data that the back arrives under the sort of situation, so problem does not take place to the result of d6.
Next, handle 50 and the operation of path hand-off process 60 by being explained with reference to the drawings replacement path discovery in the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 16 is the figure that shows when the content of the routing table 610 from the path of terminal S during to the terminal D executive communication and each terminal.Terminal A and terminal C transfer data packets between terminal S and terminal D.At this moment, in the routing table 610 of terminal S, be in the path entry of destination-address 611 in terminal D, transmitting destination-address 612 is terminal A.In addition, in the routing table 610 of terminal A, be in the path entry of destination-address 611 in terminal D, transmitting destination-address 612 is terminal C, and is in the path entry of destination-address 611 at terminal S, transmitting destination-address 612 is terminal S.In addition, in the routing table 610 of terminal C, be in the path entry of destination-address 611 in terminal D, transmitting destination-address 612 is terminal D, and is in the path entry of destination-address 611 at terminal S, transmitting destination-address 612 is terminal A.In addition, in the routing table 610 of terminal D, be in the path entry of destination-address 611 at terminal S, transmitting destination-address 612 is terminal C.In addition, being used for all above Link States all is effective status 41.
Here, the link-quality between terminal A and the terminal C is reduced to the situation that becomes extension state and has made hypothesis.For example, if terminal A is the owner of this link, then terminal A finds to replace the path with following processes.
Figure 17 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 when the path when the path is replaced in terminal A request and each terminal.Because the link-quality between terminal A and the terminal C reduces, so in the routing table 610 about terminal A, in the routing table 610 of the path of terminal D and terminal C, to the path of terminal S, Link State 614 changes to extension state 44 from effective status 41.
Terminal A sends by a plurality of clean cultures and is provided with the path request packet 810 (Fig. 7) of replacing mark 812.Yet, under the situation of this example, send the clean culture that becomes to terminal B and send.Its reason is that the link to terminal C is in extension state, and terminal S also is written in tabulation 617 (Fig. 5) earlier, so terminal A is not to terminal S and terminal C transmit path request data package 810.In addition, the address as the terminal S of path starting point is written in this path request packet 810.
The terminal B that receives path request packet 810 from terminal A forms a path entry as the path towards source address 817, destination-address 611 is terminal S and to transmit destination-address 612 are terminal A therein, and Link State 614 is set to candidate state 45.
Figure 18 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 when path when terminal B transmits the request of replacing the path and each terminal.The terminal B that receives path request packet 810 from terminal A forms above-mentioned path entry, then path request packet 810 is sent to terminal S and terminal E.Similar to top situation, the terminal S that has received path request packet 810 explains the packet of this path request packet for sending from here, and abandons this path request packet 810.
The terminal E that receives path request packet 810 from terminal B forms a path entry as the path towards source address 817, destination-address 611 is terminal S and to transmit destination-address 612 are terminal B therein, and Link State 614 is set to candidate state 45.
Figure 19 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 when path when terminal E transmits the request of replacing the path and each terminal.The terminal E that receives path request packet 810 from terminal B forms above-mentioned path entry, then path request packet 810 further is sent to terminal C and terminal D.
The terminal D that receives path request packet 810 from terminal E forms a path entry as the path towards source address 817, destination-address 611 is terminal S and to transmit destination-address 612 are terminal E therein, and Link State 614 is set to candidate state 45.Should be noted that the path request packet 810 that sends from terminal C after the terminal D, but abandon the path request packet 810 that sends from terminal C, this be because the request identifier 814 of path request packet 810 corresponding to before received from terminal E that.
Figure 20 shows the figure that sends the content of the routing table 610 in the path and each terminal when replacing the replying of path request when terminal D.The terminal D that receives path request packet 810 from terminal E forms above-mentioned path entry, then to terminal S send wherein be provided with replace mark 822 path request packet 820 (Fig. 9) as replying to this path request packet 810.The destination-address 825 of this reply data bag 820, source address 827 and agent address 828 correspond respectively to destination-address 815, source address 817 and the agent address 818 of path request packet 810.
Send the path reply data bag 820 of self terminal D with the process similar, and in each terminal, form and replace the path to path request packet 810.Specifically, it is terminal D and transmit the path entry that destination-address 612 is terminal D that terminal E forms destination-address 611, and Link State 614 is set to candidate state 45.It is terminal D and transmit the path entry that destination-address 612 is terminal E that terminal B forms destination-address 611, and Link State 614 is set to candidate state 45.In addition, it is terminal D and transmit the path entry that destination-address 612 is terminal B that terminal A forms destination-address 611, and Link State 614 is set to candidate state 45.
Replace mark 822 owing to be provided with, and agent address 828 is its addresses, so terminal A RX path reply data bag 820 and no longer further transmitting.Therefore, possible replacement path is set between terminal S and terminal D.Should be noted that when not replacing the path when existing, to terminal A transfer path misdata bag.
Figure 21 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 in the path and each terminal when terminal A sends order possible replacement path is switched to qualified path.When select replacing that the path switches and have destination-address 611 in its routing table 610 is that terminal D and its Link State 614 are when being the path entry of extension state or effective status, the data communications requests of terminal A by producing as trigger after using at first is set to disarmed state with Link State 614.In addition, are terminal D and path that its Link State 614 is candidate state is set to effective status with Link State 614 for destination-address 611.Specifically, the Link State 614 that transmits destination-address 612 and be the path of terminal C changes to disarmed state from extension state, and the Link State 614 that transmits destination-address 612 and be the path of terminal B changes to effective status from candidate state.In addition, the routing table 610 that terminal A changes like this by reference strand line state 614 sends the path switch data bag 850 that points to terminal D to terminal B.
Will to transmit destination-address 612 be that the Link State 614 in the path of terminal E is adapted for effective status from candidate state to the terminal B that receives path switch data bag 850 from terminal A.The routing table 610 that terminal B changes by reference strand line state 614 is to terminal E transmit path switch data bag 850.
Will to transmit destination-address 612 be that the Link State 614 in the path of terminal D is adapted for effective status from candidate state to the terminal E that receives path switch data bag 850 from terminal B.The routing table 610 that terminal E changes like this by reference strand line state 614 is further to terminal D transmit path switch data bag 850.By this way, when the path switch data bag 850 incoming terminal D that send by terminal A, be arranged on the routing table on the forward direction.
Figure 22 is the figure that shows the content of the routing table 610 in the path and each terminal when terminal D sends order possible replacement path is switched to qualified path.Will to transmit destination-address 612 be that the Link State 614 in the path of terminal C changes to disarmed state from effective status to the terminal D that receives path switch data bag 850 from terminal E, and, be that the Link State 614 in the path of terminal E changes to effective status from candidate state with transmitting destination-address 612 by the data communications requests that produces as trigger after using.In addition, the routing table 610 that terminal D changes like this by reference strand line state 614 at this moment sends the path switch data bag 850 that points to terminal S to terminal E.
Will to transmit destination-address 612 be that the Link State 614 in the path of terminal B changes to effective status from candidate state to the terminal E that receives path switch data bag 850 from terminal D.The routing table 610 that terminal E changes like this by reference strand line state 614 is to terminal B transmit path switch data bag 850.
Will to transmit destination-address 612 be that the Link State 614 in the path of terminal A changes to effective status from candidate state to the terminal B that receives path switch data bag 850 from terminal E.The routing table 610 that terminal B changes like this by reference strand line state 614 is further to terminal A transmit path switch data bag 850.By this way, when path switch data bag 850 incoming terminal A that terminal D sends, the routing table on being arranged in the other direction.
Figure 23 is the figure of content of the routing table 610 in the state that switches to the replacement path between terminal S and the terminal D and each terminal of showing paths.When under this state, having pass by the scheduled time, perhaps when the Link State between terminal A and the terminal C further be reduced to become fully can not executive communication state the time, unnecessary path entry in the Link State management processing 40 deletion routing tables 610.For example, have such possibility: deletion transmission destination-address 612 is path entry of terminal C in the routing table 610 of terminal A, deletion transmission destination-address 612 is path entry of terminal D in the routing table 610 of terminal C, and deletion transmission destination-address 612 is path entry of terminal C in the routing table 610 of terminal D.On the other hand, improve and under the situation that link-quality between terminal B and the terminal E reduces, also exist the path to switch to possibility once more in preceding path at the link-quality between terminal A and the terminal C.
Next be explained with reference to the drawings the processing method in each terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 24 is the flow chart that shows processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 received path message notification data bags 830.When wireless terminal 100 received path message notification data bags 830 (step S911), and when the source address 833 of routing information notification data bag 830 is not its address (step S912), wireless terminal 100 is to source address 833 transfer path information notification data bags 830 (step S913).In addition, and when the Link State of this routing information notification data bag 830 is not extension state or interrupt status (, effective status, disarmed state or candidate state) and (step S914), receive next routing information notification data bag 830 (step S911).
In step S914, when judging that Link State 832 is in extension state or interrupt status, wireless terminal 100 keeps the transmission data (step S915) on the current path in data buffer 620.In addition, when when data hold time 836 received path error packet 840 in the past (step S917), the replacement path (step S920) of search from this to the destination terminal.The back is by described with reference to Figure 25.
On the other hand, after the beginning data keep in data buffer 620 in beginning (step S915), the past during data hold time 836 (step S917), abandon the data that keep in the data buffer 620.
Figure 25 is the flow chart that shows processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path misdata bags 840.When receiving path error packet 840 (step S921), wireless terminal 100 transmit path request data package 810 are so that the replacement path (step S922) of search from this terminal to the destination terminal.When receiving path reply data bag 820, be found to the replacement path (step S923) of destination terminal, and carry out the switching (step S960) of replacing the path by transmit path switch data bag 850 about this path request packet 810.The back is by explaining those processes of switching from the route searching to the path with reference to Figure 26 to 28.
In the time in step S923, can not finding the path, from routing table 610, delete this path entry or it is changed into disarmed state (step S924), and abandon the data (step S925) that remain in the data buffer 620.In addition, when terminal itself is not the transmission source of data (step S926), the path error packet is sent to the address (step S927) that writes in 617 formerly tabulating.
Figure 26 is the flow chart that shows processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path request data package 810.When wireless terminal 100 RX path request data package 810 (step S931), the request identifier 814 by reference path request packet 810 judges whether repetition RX path request data package (step S932).If received path request packet, then abandon the path request packet 810 (step S943) that receives later with same request identifier.
When judging at step S932 when not repeating to receive, the request identifier 814 (step S933) of record path request data package 810, and be used for judging thereafter and repeat to receive.Then, with reference to the replacement mark 812 of this path request packet 810, and judge whether that this replacement mark 812 is set to " ON ", particularly whether this path request packet 810 is the path request (step S934) that are used to find to replace the path.When this path request packet 810 is when replacing the path discovery request, do not need the judgement of the following step S935 and S936 just to form routing information (step S937) towards the path request source.
When judging that in step S934 this path request packet is not to replace the path discovery request but normal (initially) path request, carry out about the inspection (step S935) of sequence number and execution inspection (step S936) about hop.Specifically, when the destination of path request packet 810 sequence number 816 is newer than the sequence number 615 of path Set For Current, form routing information (step S937) towards the path request source.On the other hand, when the sequence number 615 in the old path in Set For Current of the destination of path request packet 810 sequence number 816, do not form routing information (step S937).In addition, when the destination of path request packet 810 sequence number 816 during corresponding to the sequence number 615 of Set For Current, with the quantity of the hop-count 813 of path request packet 810 and the destination hop 613 in the path of Set For Current relatively, and when the hop-count 813 of path request packet 810 more in short-term, form routing information (step S937) towards the path request source.
When the routing information that forms at step S937 towards the path request source, specifically carry out following processing.Promptly, the destination sequence number 816 of path request packet 810 is set to sequence number 615, the hop-count 813 of path request packet 810 is added 1 numeral and is set to the quantity of destination hop 613, and the address setting of adjacent end that has sent path request packet 810 is for transmitting destination-address 612.In addition, when this path request packet was normal (initially) path request, Link State 614 was set to effective status, but when this path request packet was replacement path discovery request, Link State 614 was set to candidate state.
In addition, when the destination-address 815 of path request packet 810 is its address (step S938), path reply data bag 820 sends to this path request packet 810 (step S941).On the other hand, when path request packet 810 was not its address, path request packet 810 was sent to another terminal (step S942).At this moment, when this path request packet is normal (initially) path request, by this path request packet of broadcast transmission, but when this path request packet is when replacing the path discovery request, by a plurality of clean cultures this path request packet is sent to terminal, wherein terminal is to be connected to outside the terminal of link of extension state, not to be written in the terminal of tabulation 617 (Fig. 5) earlier.
Figure 27 is the flow chart that shows processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path reply data bags 820.When wireless terminal 100 RX path reply data bags 820 (step S951), form the path (step S952) in the transmission source of replying towards the path.
In addition, when the source address 827 of path reply data bag 820 during corresponding to its address (step S953),, therefore do not carry out further processing and termination because this expression is provided with qualified path.On the other hand, when the source address 827 of path reply data bag 820 does not correspond to its address, further check and replace mark 822 (step S954), and when not being provided with when replacing mark 822, replying and transmit this path reply data bag (step S956) by it being interpreted as normal path.
When in step S954, being provided with when replacing mark, further check agent address 828 (step S955), and when acting on behalf of address 828 and do not correspond to its address, further transfer path reply data bag 820 (step S956).On the other hand, when acting on behalf of address 828,, so do not carry out further processing and termination because replying of the replacement path request that sends from terminal itself returned in this expression corresponding to its address.
Figure 28 is the flow chart that shows the processing procedure when in embodiments of the present invention wireless terminal 100 RX path switch data bags 850.When wireless terminal 100 receives packet (step S961), check the path switch flag 854 (step S962) that whether is provided with packet.When path switch flag 854 is not set, because packet is a normal data packet, so the not switching of execution route.
When step S962 judgement is provided with path switch flag 854, because packet is a path switch data bag 850, the switching of execution route in the process below.At first, in routing table 610, when path that to have its path status 614 at destination-address 611 in corresponding to the path entry of destination-address 852 be effective status or extension state (step S963), Link State 614 changes to disarmed state (step S964).Then, in routing table 610, Link State 614 is changed into effective status (step S965) from candidate state in corresponding to the path entry of destination-address 852 at destination-address 611.
In addition, when destination-address 852 during corresponding to its address (step S966), do not need to carry out further processing and end process.On the other hand, when destination-address 852 does not correspond to its address, packet is sent to another terminal (step S967) according to routing table 610.
Therefore, according to embodiments of the invention, find to handle the state of the link 30 on 20 paths that are provided with by Link State management processing 40 monitored path, and when link-quality reduces, after by routing information notifier processes 50 notice Link States, replace the path by replacing path search processing 60 search.Therefore, the starting terminal that has received notice sends the maintenance of data, and prepares to switch to the replacement path in the path hand-off process 70 in the back.
In addition, when not replacing in the path search processing 60 when particular terminal is found to replace the path, on the adjacent end of transmit path mistake to the transmit leg, and the terminal searching that has received path error is replaced the path.Therefore, the replacement path can be set and need not delete all paths.Specifically, to such an extent as to even in having the normal ad hoc network environment that takes place in radio wave condition link failure footpath of reduction, also can carry out stable communication, and even take place also can to provide the high reliability network of continuous executive communication in the frequent ad hoc network environment that moves at node.
The invention is not restricted to this, and under the situation that does not deviate from aim of the present invention or scope, can make various changes or modification it by describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, should be appreciated that.
In addition, above-mentioned processing procedure can be interpreted as having the method for a series of processes, and can be interpreted as making program that these a series of processes are performed and/or the recording medium of storing this program by computer.

Claims (32)

1. wireless personal communication system that comprises a plurality of terminals comprises:
First intermediate terminals is used for sending the path discovery request of replacing when being connected to quality this terminal, that sending the source terminal of communication data and receiving the link between the destination terminal of this communication data and reducing; And
Second terminal, be placed between source terminal and the described destination terminal, about the upstream of first intermediate terminals, and send data to first intermediate terminals,
Wherein, when described request is failed, described first intermediate terminals to the described second terminal transmit path error notification and
When described first intermediate terminals receives described notice, described second intermediate terminals sends another and replaces the path discovery request.
2. wireless personal communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
When being connected to the first link of terminal quality and reducing, described first intermediate terminals will be notified to about the routing information of link described second terminal and
Described second intermediate terminals comprises data buffer, and when when described first intermediate terminals receives described notice, keeps sending to the described data of described first intermediate terminals in described data buffer.
3. terminal comprises:
Routing table, therein, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of described destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry;
Be used for the monitoring link state and upgrade the device of Link State;
Be used for when described Link State becomes extension state, will send to the device of another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of described correspondence; And
Be used for when when failure request, to the device of the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the described address list.
4. terminal as claimed in claim 3 also comprises:
Be used for when connecting line state and become extension state, send device about the routing information of link to the transmission source shown in the described address list.
5. terminal comprises:
Routing table, therein, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry;
Be used for the monitoring link state and upgrade the device of Link State; And
Be used for when above-mentioned Link State becomes extension state, send device about the routing information of link to the transmission source shown in the address list.
6. terminal comprises:
Data buffer; And
Be used for when data being sent to during described another terminal, receiving when becoming the routing information of link of extension state, in described data buffer, keep sending to the device of the data of another terminal about Link State from described another terminal.
7. terminal as claimed in claim 6 also comprises:
Even when being used for after receiving described routing information, having pass by the scheduled time, under the situation that does not receive the path error notice, abandon the data that remain in the described data buffer from described another terminal.
8. terminal as claimed in claim 6 also comprises:
Be used for receiving in the scheduled time after receiving described routing information, from described another terminal under the situation of path error notice, will send to the device of another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of described destination-address.
9. terminal as claimed in claim 8 also comprises:
Routing table, therein, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry; And
Be used for when described request is failed, transmit the path error notice that receives from described another terminal to the transmission source shown in the described address list.
10. terminal as claimed in claim 8 also comprises:
Be used for when the replacement path found about described request, send order and switch to the replacement path found device as eligible path.
11. processing method in comprising the terminal of routing table, in described routing table, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and keep them as path entry, the method comprising the steps of:
Monitor the state of described link and upgrade the state of described link;
When described Link State becomes extension state, to the routing information of the transmission of the transmission source shown in the described address list about link;
When described Link State becomes extension state, will send to another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of described correspondence; And
When described request is failed, to the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the described address list.
12. the processing method in comprising the terminal of data buffer comprises step:
Data being sent to during described another terminal, receiving when becoming the routing information of link of extension state, in described data buffer, keep sending to the data of another terminal about Link State from described another terminal;
Behind received path message, receive under the situation of path error notice from described another terminal in the scheduled time, will send to another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of described destination-address; And
Even under the situation that when behind received path message, having pass by the scheduled time, does not also receive the path error notice, abandon the data that remain in the described data buffer from described another terminal.
13. the processing method in the terminal that comprises routing table and data buffer, in described routing table, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of described destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry, the method comprising the steps of:
During data are sent to another terminal, receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state, in described data buffer, keep sending to the data of described another terminal about Link State from described another terminal;
After receiving described routing information, receive under the situation of path error notice from described another terminal in the scheduled time, will send to another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of described destination-address;
When the replacement path found about this request, send order and switch to the replacement path of this discovery as eligible path; And
When the replacement path that do not have to find about described request, will be sent to the transmission source shown in the described address list from the path error notice that described another terminal receives.
14. program that makes the terminal that comprises routing table carry out following process, in described routing table, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of described destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry, described process is:
Monitor the state of described link and upgrade the state of described link;
When described Link State becomes extension state, to the routing information of the transmission of the transmission source shown in the described address list about link;
When described Link State becomes extension state, will send to another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of described correspondence; And
When described request is failed, to the transmission source transmit path error notification shown in the described address list.
15. a program that makes the terminal that comprises data buffer carry out following process, described process is:
Receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state data being sent to during described another terminal, in described data buffer, keep sending to the data of another terminal about Link State from described another terminal;
After receiving described routing information, receive from described another terminal in the scheduled time under the situation of path error notice, will send to another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of described destination-address; And
Even do not receive under the situation of path error notice in time after the scheduled time after receiving described routing information yet, abandon the data that remain in the described data buffer from described another terminal.
16. program that makes the terminal that comprises routing table and data buffer carry out following process, in described routing table, with communication objective way address, in order to the next one that arrives destination-address transmit destination-address, the Link State that is connected to the link that transmits destination-address with will point to the address list that communicating by letter of described destination-address send to the transmission source of this terminal and be mapped, and they are kept as path entry, described process is:
Receive when becoming the routing information of link of extension state data being sent to during described another terminal, in described data buffer, keep sending to the data of another terminal about Link State from described another terminal;
Behind received path message, receive under the situation of path error notice from described another terminal in the scheduled time, will send to another farther terminal about the replacement path discovery request of described destination-address;
When the replacement path found about described request, send order and switch to the replacement path of this discovery as eligible path; And
When the replacement path that do not have to find about described request, from described another terminal to the transmission source transfer path error notification shown in the described address list.
17. a wireless personal communication system that comprises a plurality of terminals comprises:
First intermediate terminals is used for sending the path discovery request of replacing when being connected to quality this terminal, that sending the source terminal of communication data and receiving the link between the destination terminal of this communication data and reducing; And
Second terminal is used for being provided with possible replacement path when receiving described request,
Wherein, described first intermediate terminals behind the path that is provided with described possible replacement, send order come toggle path and
When receiving described order, second intermediate terminals switches to described possible replacement path as eligible path.
18. a wireless personal communication system that comprises a plurality of terminals comprises:
Source terminal is used to send communication data;
The destination terminal is used to receive described communication data;
First intermediate terminals is used for sending the path discovery request of replacing when during the transport communication data between described source terminal and described destination terminal, when being connected to the quality reduction of this link of terminal; And
Second intermediate terminals is used for when receiving described request, possible replacement path is set and communicates that request to another farther terminal,
Wherein, described destination terminal sends the replying of this request when receiving described request,
Describedly reply and this is replied when being sent to another farther terminal when receiving, described second intermediate terminals is set to described destination terminal with possible replacement path,
First intermediate terminals sends first order and comes toggle path after receiving described replying,
When receiving first order, described second terminal will switch to described destination terminal as the possible replacement path of eligible path, and first order is sent to another farther terminal,
When the destination terminal receive described first when order, send that second order is switched and
When receive described second when order, described second intermediate terminals will switch to described source terminal as the possible replacement path of eligible path, and second order will be sent to another farther terminal.
19. a terminal comprises:
Routing table therein, is mapped communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address, and they is kept as path entry;
The device that is used to monitor described Link State and upgrades described Link State; And
Be used for when described Link State becomes extension state, will send to the device of another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of described correspondence.
20. terminal as claimed in claim 19 also comprises:
Be used for after sending described replacement path discovery request, sending order and switch to the replacement path found device as eligible path.
21. a terminal comprises:
Routing table therein, is mapped communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address, and they is kept as path entry;
Be used for receiving the device of replacing the path discovery request from another terminal; And
The Link State in replacement path that is used for arriving the source address of described request is set in the described routing table device as candidate state.
22. terminal as claimed in claim 21 also comprises:
Device, be used for when the destination-address in described request is its address, transmission to this request reply and
Be used for when resisting when not being its address on ground, the destination of described request, transferring a request to another terminal.
23. terminal as claimed in claim 21 also comprises:
The device of replying that is used for the request that receives from the destination-address of described request; And
The replacement path that is used for arriving described source address of replying is set in the described routing table as candidate state.
24. terminal as claimed in claim 23 also comprises:
Be used for when described source address of replying and agent address are not its address, will replying the device that is sent to another terminal.
25. a terminal comprises:
Routing table therein, is mapped communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address, and they is kept as path entry;
Be used for receiving order and switch to the device of replacing the path from another terminal; And
Be used for arriving described order destination-address, Link State is the path of candidate state is set to routing table as effective status device.
26. terminal as claimed in claim 25 also comprises:
Be used for when existing its Link State to be the path of extension state or effective status, the path that will arrive the destination-address in the described order is set to the device of routing table as effective status.
27. processing method in comprising the terminal of routing table, in described routing table, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry, the method comprising the steps of:
Monitor described Link State and upgrade described Link State;
When described Link State becomes extension state, will send to another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of described correspondence; And
Send order and switch the replacement path of described discovery as eligible path.
28. processing method in comprising the terminal of routing table, in described routing table, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry, the method comprising the steps of:
Receive the path discovery request of replacing from another terminal;
The Link State that arrives the replacement path of the source address in the described request is set in the routing table as candidate state; And
When the destination-address in the described request is its address, send the replying of this request, and when the destination-address in the described request is not its address, communicate that request to another terminal.
29. processing method in comprising the terminal of routing table, in described routing table, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry, the method comprising the steps of:
Receive order from another terminal and switch to the replacement path;
When existing Link State to be the path of extension state or effective status, the path that will arrive the destination-address in the described order is set in the described routing table as effective status; And
To arrive destination-address in the described order, Link State is that the path of candidate state is set in the described routing table as effective status.
30. program that makes the terminal that comprises routing table carry out following process, in described routing table, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry, described process is:
Monitor described Link State and upgrade described Link State;
When becoming extension state, described Link State will send to the device of another terminal about the replacement path discovery request of the destination-address of described correspondence; And
Sending order switches to as replacement path eligible path, described discovery.
31. program that makes the terminal that comprises routing table carry out following process, in described routing table, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry, described process is:
Receive the path discovery request of replacing from another terminal;
The Link State that arrives the replacement path of the source address in the described request is set in the described routing table as candidate state; And
When the destination-address in the described request is its address, send the replying of this request, and when the destination-address in the described request is not its address, communicate that request to another terminal.
32. program that makes the terminal that comprises routing table carry out following process, in described routing table, communication objective way address, the Link State that transmits destination-address and be connected to the link that transmits destination-address in order to the next one that arrives destination-address are mapped, and they are kept as path entry, described process is:
Receive order from another terminal and switch to the replacement path;
When existing Link State to be the path of extension state or effective status, the path that will arrive the destination-address in the described order is set in the described routing table as effective status; And
To arrive destination-address in the described order, Link State is that the path of candidate state is set in the described routing table as effective status.
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