CN1780173A - Down link multiple-user dispath for multiple-transmission antenna and multiple-receiving antenna system - Google Patents
Down link multiple-user dispath for multiple-transmission antenna and multiple-receiving antenna system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A multi-user scheduling method for the down link in multi-input multi-output antenna system includes such steps as choosing a subset of emitting antenna on base stating by user terminal, feeding back the indicator of the antenna subset and channel state information, and determining the distribution relation between emitting antenna and user terminal in next transmission time slot according to scheduling algorithm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, particularly the multi-user diversity of down link and dispatching method in the multi-input multi-output system.
Background technology
Mimo wireless communication system is a kind of many antennas to be applied in transmitting terminal and receiving terminal system simultaneously.The antenna number of supposing transmitting terminal is N
T, the antenna number of receiving terminal is N
RIt is proved to be the channel capacity that can greatly improve system.In theory, the channel capacity of mimo system is to be directly proportional with minimum number in transmitting antenna and the reception antenna.It does not need the spread-spectrum width in addition, therefore has very high spectrum efficiency.
Mimo system mainly contains two kinds of system applies: a kind of is spatial reuse, as D-BLAST or V-BLAST, the data flow demultiplexing is become N
TIndividual sub data flow and at N
TSend on the different transmitting antennas.At receiving terminal, the wireless signal that each reception antenna receives is N
TThe stack of individual data flow.Under the space channel environment of introducing by MIMO, as long as N
R〉=N
T, treatment technology is with N in the time of can utilizing sky
TIndividual data stream separation also detects.This application is intended to make full use of the information capacity that space channel provides, and improves transmission rate.But the characteristic of space channel will greatly influence the performance of system.If the space channel correlation is little, channel capacity is big, the transmission rate height.If spatial coherence is big, then channel capacity is little, and transmission rate is low.And the correlation of space channel to a great extent with the signal angle of arrival (DOA) of the antenna of transmitting-receiving two-end, the angle of departure (DOD), angle spread (angular spread), and antenna distance etc. relevant.
It is Space Time Coding (STBC and STTC) that the another kind of mimo system is used.Space Time Coding is then by designing code word, for system provides antenna diversity gain and coding gain on the two-dimensional space of being made of room and time.But the performance of diversity gain greatly is subjected to the influence of space channel correlation too.
For the complexity that reduces mimo system with reduce cost, sky line options technology of MIMO has caused concern widely.The sky line options technology of MIMO be transmitting terminal and (or) receiving terminal is from N
T(N
R) select wherein a best subclass of performance for use according to certain principle in the individual antenna.These principles can be that maximum capacity, sub data flow output signal and noise interference (SNR) maximization or bit error rate (BER) minimize or the like.Result of study shows that no matter be spatial reuse or Space Time Coding, after in conjunction with day line options technology, the situation when systematic function all can approachingly be used the whole day line promptly provides the antenna diversity gain.Under the situation of relevant MIMO fading channel, even there is capacity gain.
On the other hand, the information theory result of study points out that multi-user diversity is a kind of method of data throughout of effective increase multi-user system.The relatively independent characteristics of channel statistical characteristic that multi-user diversity utilizes different user to experience are given certain or a plurality of user according to channel quality with the system resource dynamic assignment, thereby reach a kind of effect of diversity, and improve the data throughout of whole system.Because data packet services more can be tolerated the time delay that multi-subscriber dispatching causes than traditional voice transmission, so the multi-user diversity technology is fit to the high speed data transfer business very much.Multi-user diversity is adopted by the HSDPA standard of 3GPP.And for N is arranged
TThe down link of individual transmitting antenna, existing in theory document proves that at any one time, the maximized transmission policy of data throughout should comprise N
TExtremely
Individual active user.
Multi-user system in the MIMO applied environment has following characteristics: the number of antennas of base station end is fixed.The antenna number at each user terminal place differs, and number of antennas is less because of the terminal size reason.Therefore, each user may be operated under the different antenna modes, and promptly MIMO, single-shot are overcharged (SIMO) or multiple single receive (MISO).During multi-user system under design MIMO environment, often to consider the characteristics of compatible this respect.
Multi-user diversity in the MIMO applied environment and dispatching patcher have had following prior art at present.
Prior art 1:
U.S. Lucent Technologies, " Throughput simulations for MIMO and transmit diversityenhancements to HSDPA, " 3GPP TSG RAN WG1, TSGR1#17 (00) 1388
Use Round Robin dispatching patcher (RRS).At a certain time slot, the RRS algorithm is selected a user with a kind of definite endless form (promptly not considering user's channel condition) from a plurality of any active ues of data to be transferred, with N
TIndividual transmitting antenna is all distributed to selected user.This dispatching method uses chance for the user provides the mimo channel of equal justice.But this method is not utilized multi-user diversity inherent in the multi-user system, causes its capacity to be equal to the capacity of single user system.
Prior art 2:
US PATENT 2002/0094834 A1 of U.S. Lucent Technologies (Jul, 18,2002): " Method forsimultaneously conveying information to multiple mobiles with multipleantennas ".The basic ideas of this method are as follows.
Under the control of dispatching algorithm, each antenna of aerial array can be operated under two patterns.First kind of pattern is: one or one group of user are pre-assigned to some antenna.According to preassignment user's channel condition information, which preassignment user's data information the dispatching algorithm decision is used to transmit at each antenna of a certain period.
In second kind of pattern, the user is not pre-assigned to any specific antenna.Dispatching algorithm monitors by the various channel condition informations of user feedback, in some specific periods, is used for transmitting user data for a certain user selects only some antennas.Be equivalent to the SIMO pattern.
Prior art 3:
The US PATENT of QualCom company 6662024 B2 (Dec.9，2003)：“Method and apparatusfor allocating downlink resources in a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)communication system”。The basic ideas of this patent are as follows.
This method has designed three kinds of different data-transmission modes.Under the MIMO pattern, all downstream data flows are assigned to the single terminal (being the MIMO terminal) that has a plurality of antennas.Under the N-SIMO pattern, individual traffic is assigned to some specific terminals, and each terminal is all used a plurality of antennas, is a SIMO terminal.Under mixed mode, the resource of down link can be distributed to SIMO and MIMO terminal simultaneously with compound mode.By transmitting data to a plurality of SIMO terminals, a MIMO terminal or their combination simultaneously, the transmission capacity of system obtains increasing.This patent provides a kind of dispatching method of down link.Scheduler as the service of demanding terminal, is selected a kind of optimal working pattern according to multiple factor.Simultaneously, scheduler is selected specific one group of user and is transmitted data simultaneously to allow them, and distributes available transmitting antenna to these users who selects, to reach the systematic function of higher optimization.Specific practice is: the terminal of a mobile communication system is divided into one or more set, with a kind of combination of corresponding data transmission.Each set is a kind of unique compound mode of one or more terminals, and to define it be a hypothesis.In a hypothesis, certain specific antenna assignment compound modes of one or more terminals is defined as a son hypothesis.After reevaluating the performance of each height hypothesis of each hypothesis, pick out a son hypothesis, and dispatch terminal in this height hypothesis at the specific antenna transmitting data.
The shortcoming of prior art 1 is: dispatched users in time only, do not utilize the variation of each user's space channel; Scheduling does not in time also consider to utilize multi-user's diversity gain.
The shortcoming of prior art 2 is: under first kind of pattern, the user is pre-assigned to some antenna regularly.Though can design by shortcut calculation like this, overall performance can be subjected to obvious influence, is a kind of suboptimal design; And second kind of pattern, the user is only dynamically distributed the transmitting antenna of a base station end.The maximum downstream of meeting limited subscriber is transmitted the speed of data like this.
The shortcoming of prior art 3 is: dispatching algorithm estimates that the performance of each height hypothesis of each hypothesis comes dispatched users, though this algorithm can be seen a kind of multi-subscriber dispatching algorithm of optimum as, its computation complexity is quite high beyond doubt.When the number of users of needs transmission data is big and number of antennas when big, its amount of calculation is that system can't load.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides downlink multiuser dispatching method in a kind of multiple transmit antennas multiple receive antenna system, can make full use of the space resources of mimo system, in the hope of reaching the purpose of optimization system performance (as the data throughput).Prior art or do not make full use of the space channel resource of mimo system, otherwise computation complexity is too big, and system can't bear.The present invention has taken into full account the factor of this two aspect of overall performance of computation complexity and system, on the basis that reduces computation complexity, improves the overall performance of system as much as possible.
The downlink multiuser dispatching method comprises following processing procedure in the multiple transmit antennas multiple receive antenna system that the present invention proposes:
The first step, user terminal is according to a subclass of estimated channel Information Selection base station transmit antennas;
In second step, user terminal feeds back selected antenna subset designator and channel condition information;
In the 3rd step, dispatching algorithm is according to the relations of distribution of other information decisions of feedack and user at next transmission time slot base station transmit antennas and user terminal.
The first step specifically comprises: the user terminal of all data to be transferred is by being received in the targeting signal that all base station transmit antennas send on the down link, estimate mimo channel state information separately, user terminal is according to a subclass of estimated channel Information Selection base station transmit antennas.
The selection principle of base station transmit antennas can be that channel capacity maximization or channel relevancy minimize or export the SNR maximization or BER minimizes, and each user terminal can be different selection principle is set oneself.
The antenna number of antenna subset can be decided according to the change dynamics of real system application or actual channel quality.If spatial reuse, the antenna number of described antenna subset can be made as identical with the user terminal antenna number or less than the user terminal antenna number to be suitable for the requirement of low speed data transmission; If the use Space Time Coding, then the antenna number of described antenna subset can be greater than the antenna number of user terminal.
The concrete manifestation form of channel condition information is relevant with the way of realization of system in second step: if system's transmitting terminal needs whole channel condition informations, then each user can feed back whole channel informations relevant with selected antenna subset and the subclass designator of wishing to obtain the serving base station antenna; Only need partial channel-state information as system's transmitting terminal, each user is the subclass designator of feedback fraction channel information and antenna for base station only; Without any need for channel condition information, each user is the subclass designator of feedback channel status indicator and the antenna for base station dispatching algorithm of giving transmitting terminal only as system's transmitting terminal.
The 3rd step specifically comprised following processing procedure:
1) dispatching algorithm is calculated each user's limit priority according to the user's of feedback reception channel condition information;
Determine in the process of owner priority, should consider each user's data characteristic, transmit the channel condition information that distributional equity is taken the systematic function principle of optimality again into account and taken into full account each user.
2) according to user's priority weight the user is lined up the formation of a priority descending;
3) order according to priority, the next user who carries out antenna assignment of decision;
Whether a 4) user to be allocated to selecting distributes the antenna of wanting for this user by this user-selected base station transmit antennas and the decision of base station transmit antennas operating position;
5) when base station transmit antennas is distributed to a plurality of user simultaneously, the user who give to share transmitting antenna array distributes the different sub-carrier frequency in different orthogonal codes or the MIMO-OFDM system;
6) be assigned with finishing scheduling up to all antennas or user.
The present invention be a kind of bidimensional not only in time but also in the space (antenna for base station) go up the multi-user diversity implemented and the method for scheduling.The method is the multi-subscriber dispatching algorithm that occurs on each period, to determine next period multi-user scheduling spatially.Before the next period arrives, this dispatching algorithm allows each user terminal of all data to be transferred use line options technology decision in MIMO days and selects the transmitting antenna of base station end, and this information and channel condition information fed back to transmitting terminal together, dispatching algorithm is the allotment relation of next period user of decision and antenna for base station thus again.The multiaerial system of base station end can be distributed to simultaneously the user or the less user of number of antennas of a plurality of relative low speed in a certain period; Also can all distribute to the user of a two-forty in certain period.When the antenna system of a certain period base station is distributed to a plurality of user, then need the user to be separated by additive method.For example, use orthogonal code (as the Walsh sign indicating number) to carry out multi-user's access; Or in the MIMO-OFDM system, also can use different sub-set of carrier frequencies.
Adopt the method for the invention, compared with prior art, adopted simple relatively multi-subscriber dispatching algorithm, improve the overall performance of system.This method combines MIMO days line options technology and multi-user diversity, has both made full use of the multiaerial system of base station end, and space diversity gain or channel capacity gain are provided, and multi-user diversity is provided again, thereby has improved the data throughout of system.The present invention also can be simultaneously for the user terminal that has different antennae quantity provides service, synchronization compatible MIMO, SISO, SIMO and MISO various modes, and the number of antennas of user terminal do not done requirement, therefore have very strong versatility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the multiple transmit antennas multiple receive antenna system that the present invention uses is formed schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the groundwork flow chart of multi-user dispatching method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Enforcement below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and 2 pairs of technical schemes of accompanying drawing is described in further detail:
Multi-user dispatching method of the present invention is being made up of following steps the multi-subscriber dispatching of next period:
1. the user terminal of all data to be transferred estimates mimo channel state information separately by being received in the public pilot signal that all transmitting antennas of base station send on the down link; According to these channel condition informations, be the subclass of oneself selecting the base station transmitting antenna of an optimum by certain principle.
2. each user is to base station feedback antenna subset designator and correlated channels state information.
3. dispatching algorithm is calculated each user's limit priority according to the subscriber channel state information of feedback.
4. according to user's priority weight the user is lined up a priority ordering formation, the high user of priority is preceding, the low user of priority after.
5. get first user in the Priority Queues, i.e. the highest user of priority; Distribute base station transmit antennas according to this customer requirements.
6. check whether antenna for base station all is assigned with, if step changes 11; If not, go to next step.
7. check whether the active user is the team end of Priority Queues, and promptly whether all users are examined.If go to step 11; If not, go to next step.
8. get the next user in the formation.
9. check that whether user-selected antenna conflicts mutually with antenna distributed, if conflict is arranged, goes to step 7; If no, go to next step.
10. distribute required base station transmit antennas; Go to step 6.
11. when base station antenna system is distributed to a plurality of user simultaneously, distribute sub-set of carrier frequencies in a unique orthogonal code or the ofdm system for each user of these users.Finish this scheduling.
The number of supposing the transmitting antenna of base station end is N
T=4, in a certain period, have 6 active user A-F, i.e. 6 users that have transfer of data to require.At this moment, the multi-user dispatching method of the present invention distribution of the base station transmitting antenna that decides next period.The method is the multi-subscriber dispatching algorithm that occurs on each period, and the concrete length of a period is determined by system.
In this specific embodiment, multi-user dispatching method step of the present invention is as follows:
1) 6 of all data to be transferred user terminals estimate mimo channel state information separately by being received in the public direction signal that base station transmit antennas sends on the down link; According to these channel condition informations, be a subclass oneself selecting optimum base station transmitting antenna by certain principle.
This principle can be that channel capacity maximization or channel relevancy minimize or export the SNR maximization or BER minimizes or the like.Each user terminal can be different principles is set oneself.
Simultaneously, the antenna number in the antenna subset can and be decided according to the real system application.If spatial reuse (for example BLAST), can be made as identical with the user terminal antenna number, or less than the user terminal antenna number to be suitable for the requirement of low speed data transmission.If use Space Time Coding (for example STBC), then the number of antenna subset can be greater than the antenna number of user terminal.The antenna number of antenna subset also can be decided according to the change dynamics of actual channel quality.
2) user A-F feeds back to the base station end together with own selected transmitting antenna subset information and channel condition information.
If system's transmitting terminal needs whole mimo channel state informations, then each user can feed back whole channel informations of selected antenna subset and the subclass designator that hope obtains the serving base station antenna;
Only need part mimo channel state information as system's transmitting terminal, each user is the subclass designator of feedback fraction channel information and antenna for base station only;
Without any need for the mimo channel state information, each user is the subclass designator of feedback channel status indicator and the antenna for base station dispatching algorithm of giving transmitting terminal only as system's transmitting terminal.
3) according to each user's channel condition information, the base station calculates each user's priority.
In determining the process of owner priority, should consider each user's data characteristic (as, to the requirement of time delay etc.), the transmission distributional equity takes the systematic function principle of optimality again into account.
Suppose information such as the selection antenna subset of terminal antenna number, feedback of each user terminal this moment and priority
As table 1.
Table 1: any active ues information table
| User A | User B | User C | User D | User E | User F | |
| Number of antennas | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Priority | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Selected antenna sequence number | (1，3) | (1，2，3，4) | (4) | (2，3) | (2) | (2，4) |
Wherein user's priority is with the little priority height of numerical value.Can see that user A is MIMO user to user D from table, user E is SIMO user, and user F is MISO user.
4) user is according to priority lined up a descending formation; Promptly
User A → user B → user C → user D → user E → user F
5) need distribute antenna by it for the highest user A of priority, promptly distribute antenna 1 and 3 to give user A.
6) check that the base station transmitting antenna all is not assigned with, the team end that user A neither formation.
7) get the next user of Priority Queues, i.e. user B.
8) check the selected antenna of user B whether with distribute antenna to have to conflict.Because antenna 1 and antenna 3 have been assigned with, adjudicate to conflict is arranged, do not distribute antenna for user B.
9) check that user B is not the team end of formation.
10) get the next user of Priority Queues, i.e. user C.Because the selected antenna 4 of user C is not assigned with, so distribute antenna 4 to it.
11) check that the base station transmitting antenna all is not assigned with, the team end that user C neither formation.
12) get the next user of Priority Queues, i.e. user D.Because of antenna 3 has been assigned with, dispatched users D does not use antenna resource.
13) check that user D is not the team end of formation.
14) get the next user of Priority Queues, i.e. user E.Because the selected antenna 2 of user E is not assigned with, so distribute antenna 2 to it.
15) antenna for base station all is assigned with.Respectively distribute a Walsh orthogonal code for user A, C and E.
16) in next period, dispatched users A, C and E use the antenna while downlink data receiving of base station.
Claims (8)
1. downlink multiuser dispatching method in the multiple transmit antennas multiple receive antenna system is characterized in that this method comprises:
The first step, user terminal is according to a subclass of estimated channel Information Selection base station transmit antennas;
In second step, user terminal feeds back selected antenna subset designator and channel condition information;
In the 3rd step, dispatching algorithm is according to the relations of distribution of other information decisions of feedack and user at next transmission time slot base station transmit antennas and user terminal.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described first step specifically comprises: the user terminal of all data to be transferred is by being received in the targeting signal that all base station transmit antennas send on the down link, estimate mimo channel state information separately, user terminal is according to a subclass of estimated channel Information Selection base station transmit antennas.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the selection principle of base station transmit antennas can be that channel capacity maximization or channel relevancy minimize or export the SNR maximization or BER minimizes, and each user terminal can be different selection principle is set oneself.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the antenna number of antenna subset can be decided according to the change dynamics of real system application or actual channel quality.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, if spatial reuse, the antenna number of described antenna subset can be made as identical with the user terminal antenna number or less than the user terminal antenna number to be suitable for the requirement of low speed data transmission; If the use Space Time Coding, then the antenna number of described antenna subset can be greater than the antenna number of user terminal.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the concrete manifestation form of channel condition information is relevant with the way of realization of system in described second step:
If system's transmitting terminal needs whole channel condition informations, then each user can feed back whole channel informations relevant with selected antenna subset and the subclass designator of wishing to obtain the serving base station antenna;
Only need partial channel-state information as system's transmitting terminal, each user is the subclass designator of feedback fraction channel information and antenna for base station only;
Without any need for channel condition information, each user is the subclass designator of feedback channel status indicator and the antenna for base station dispatching algorithm of giving transmitting terminal only as system's transmitting terminal.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described the 3rd step specifically comprises following processing procedure:
1) dispatching algorithm is calculated each user's limit priority according to the user's of feedback reception channel condition information;
2) according to user's priority weight the user is lined up the formation of a priority descending;
3) order according to priority, the next user who carries out antenna assignment of decision;
Whether a 4) user to be allocated to selecting distributes the antenna of wanting for this user by this user-selected base station transmit antennas and the decision of base station transmit antennas operating position;
5) when base station transmit antennas is distributed to a plurality of user simultaneously, the user who give to share transmitting antenna array distributes the different sub-carrier frequency in different orthogonal codes or the MIMO-OFDM system;
6) be assigned with finishing scheduling up to all antennas or user.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, in the process of determining owner priority, should consider each user's data characteristic, transmit the channel condition information that distributional equity is taken the systematic function principle of optimality again into account and taken into full account each user in the described step 1).
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