CN1779077A - Multi-stage speed-reducing buffer wall with prestressed composite materials for preventing semi-rigidity rail collision separation - Google Patents

Abstract

This is an invention of buffer guardrail to prevent the separation of guardrail and its vertical shaft upon crash. One method is to install pre-stressed bar in the guardrail and joint at the end hole. The other method is to use vertical shafts to support the guardrail jointed together by bolts. Inside the shafts, installing a sub-shaft of thinner steel and tension resistance bar and bend resistance bar. The sub-shaft's bottom end is fixed together with the shaft into the infrastructure, and the upper end is stick to the shaft into a cantilever. The tension resistance bar and the bend resistance bar are fixed into the infrastructure. The upper end of the tension resistance bar is fixed as pre-stress bar. The upper end of the bend resistance bar is made into a cantilever.

Description

The multi-stage speed-reducing buffer wall with prestressed composite materials that preventing semi-rigidity rail collision separates

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of highway barrier, more particularly, it relates to the semi-rigid protective guard that uses on a kind of highway.

Background technology

On January 7th, 2004, disclosed Chinese utility model patent: expressway safety protective guard.It is with wirerope with rubber combined become protected apron after, on securing member installation column.Above-mentioned anti-collision, the buffering that can only solve the guardrail beam, and ignored the mutual coordination of obstruction block, column, associating, the common cooperation of combination are only the complete safe protective guard.As 2000 4 phases, 33 to 37 pages of " structural engineer " magazines, people's selections such as Shen Weiming are introduced: " the firm column corrugated beam barrier of type bump test " shows by simulated test: guardrail rigidity is synthetic jointly by wave beams, obstruction block, column ground.And the torsional rigidity of obstruction block, column is less, and is more obvious at bearing, and obstruction block also is out of shape under the situation of vertical component easily, but energy-absorbing effect reaches 15%.Advise the suitable increasing section moments of inertia, more than the cross section moments of inertia of increase post and obstruction block, regard as the solution torsional rigidity and the unique method of distortion.But " expressway traffic safety facilities design and construction technical specification is the 5th, 1,1 to the JTJ074-94 of China Ministry of Communications: the trackside in the classification chart 5,1,1 of corrugated beam barrier and the setting of median strip, obstruction block in the above-mentioned installation site is not made compulsory regulation yet, but can establish the selection space that or not for the designer reserves.22 pages in Guangdong Province's " chemical industry magazine " " how solving the not anti-problem of going out of PE highway barrier " that published 2003 the 3rd phases and for example.For another example on April 14th, 1999 disclosed Chinese utility model patent manual: the compound half hard and soft property freeway guardrail of glass fiber reinforced plastic wirerope.More than two prior aries, the former makes of rotation molding by the PE plastics, the latter uses the prestressing force moulding, they have only solved the hypodynamic little part technical problem of the uneconomical and former guardrail beam of guardrail beam tension of guardrail.As everyone knows, the guardrail beam needs and obstruction block, column mutual association, and indivisible composition guardrail safety system could effectively be resisted vehicle collision stall impact force.And on existing speedway, the car accident of protective guard is hit in recurrent car crash, how too fast because of the stall car speed, obstruction block does not reach the original intention of guardrail standard, damping time is too short, endergonicly should not do the time spent when he also has enough time to bring into play, be hit " pot chief " shape in a cluster.And guardrail beam being destroyed by the excessive tensile stress of stall also so more early; Fence post is more too big because of fragility, lacks flexibility, toughness, intensity, too early unstable fracture, and ineffective, fence post should have powerful anti-impact output capacity when crucial, and in three stressed members of above guardrail, the supporting role of post is the most important thing particularly.As on May 14th, 2004, " West China City Newspaper " the A2 version in Sichuan, what introduce is: Chengdu around 39 kilometers 700 meters of city speedway, successively two different great traffic accidents that sever guardrail take place, preceding Toyota sedan together all severs 7 guardrails on the back slope that is planted in outside the road, vehicle body turns over individual rolling, " bang " a loud noise fall in the ditch, and then one 2000 type Santana will be about 15 meters long waveform railing again and all sever and be sprinkling upon in the meadow near the scene of the accident ...

On July 14th, 2004 disclosed utility model patent, a kind of guardrail web plate column.It is to be the post body with the hollow tube, and cross section is a mushroom-shaped structure, and its afterbody is provided with V-shaped groove.Though said structure can absorb some energy than pure hollow column jacket more, fundamentally solve the unstability impact wreckage of post, be not have much effects only with such improvement.

On August 20th, 2004 for another example, the A4 version of above-mentioned same newspaper, what report is: become in the southern speedway Feng Dian tunnel face, the motor bus driver of Nanbu County is left in a Chengdu, because of misoperation, at the tunnel exit place, the about 20 meters long guard rails in the right are rushed open, become the scrap iron of a pile bending, and caused overturning, 5 people's death, 27 people are injured.More than three traffic accidents cause guardrail row to fall, post generation unstable failure, main cause is that guardrail is immalleable, brittle failure, strength deficiency, moment does not play a supporting role, if fence post has certain toughness and intensity, even if above-mentioned vehicle stall also can't connect root with fence post in moment and destroy, cause car crash.And for example above-mentioned same version, on December 17th, 2004 A8 version report: yesterday Guangan one passenger vehicle, with 80 kilometers/hour speed of about speed of a motor vehicle, the driver dodges another car, brings to a halt for one, passenger vehicle severs railing, body Chao Baokan tenesmus is gone sideling, causes 2 dead 16 wounds.This impact force should be able to stall passenger vehicle hurdle should be hit in guardrail basically, but things turn out contrary to one's wishes.More than the explanation of too numerous to mention accident, China's guardrail integral rigidity is on the low side.In addition, because the vertical top margin of wave beams is in the shape that suspends, during collision, majority causes stress to concentrate at this, and at first begins to tear the guardrail beam, makes beam produce rupture failure thus.It is one of reason of ranking first in the world over 10 years of China's traffic accident.

Summary of the invention

What the present invention will solve is stressed two separation problems of above-mentioned guardrail beam and fence upright.And a kind of tempering toughness with gentleness is provided on this basis, crisp and continuous, curved and also do not have intensity, Liang Yuzhu is linked to be the continuous cushion guardail wall of unseparated integral body all the time.

In order to solve the above problems, first kind of technical scheme that the present invention adopts be, in the guardrail beam, be provided with presstressed reinforcing steel, and beam joins end to end, and endless is in hanging shape, whenever strides and stays a connecting hole.

Described safety barrier beam can be shaped steel, the drawing and extruding section bar composite material of shaped steel, drawing and extruding section bar etc. or attenuate is provided with band steel wire or rope after mutually compound again in corresponding wave beams back a rubber tube.

Described safety barrier beam can be common to guardrail and newly advise: highway barrier collision grade is that 1 to 6 grade and corresponding each maximum crash energy remove to select wire rope, and the stress of steel wire removes to remedy the stress of guardrail beam deficiency.

Described safety barrier beam can be common to guardrail and newly advise: highway barrier collision grade is the roadside barrier in 1 to 6 grade, the median barrier beam.

Second kind of technical scheme that the present invention adopts is the column in the safety barrier, is provided with the corresponding connecting hole of described guardrail beam, under by the connection of bolt, supports unsettled guardrail beam.And the composite material that is provided with the steel of attenuate in the post is replaced post, and tension material, bent material, replaces post lower end and former post and is located in the following basis of flange, and upper end and original rod glue are connected into cantilever-shaped; Tension material, bent material are imbedded the basis simultaneously, and one side, tension material upper end or both sides and capital are fixed into the prestressing force shape, and the bent material upper end becomes cantilever-shaped.

The replacement post of described attenuate steel can be a drawing and extruding section bar, and the is Wrapping formed composite material of Denging is composited mutually with steel, and tension material in the post can be that wire rope, steel wire etc. are made; Bent material can be that materials such as hard bamboo wood, hardwood material are made.

Described fence upright can collide 1 to 6 grade of pairing collision energy of grade according to highway barrier, selects the replacement post of attenuate steel, selects the tension material of post, bent material.

Described safety barrier column, can be common to the roadside barrier column, the median strip column uses, and in the root end opening of latter's post, other has additional one one-tenth horizontal triangle fork-shaped spigot-and-socket sleeve pipe, and its upper end is fixed in the post root mouth, and the lower end fork-shaped penetrates in each relative highway foundation, it is by corresponding stress, does shearing resistance, antiseptic respective steel pipe is made.

Obstruction block in the described protective guard, it is in existing obstruction block, has added cuticle ball finished product, and he is put in the band mesh nylon wire retrains, and promptly fastens into the prestressing force shape, and rope and ball are formed with the splicing of obstruction block inwall, and become similar little basketball shape.Bump moment, increased moment of torsion again, counter the pushing away that elastic force is minimum, and can compress, cushion and unload energy.

Described safety barrier, it is to overlap the place in the terminal side of guardrail beam with the obstruction block transverse center, is provided with the wire rope of a radical ton tensile stress, the two ends of its corresponding length of run are fixed with link separately respectively.

Compare with prior art: when collision occurs on the guardrail beam, pre-tensioned little ball in the pairing obstruction block of beam is because antitorque slightly enhancing, and the increase of elastic force, its moment is returned to minimum momentum forward of guardrail beam, instantaneous velocity when making vehicle collision reduces, and impact energy is corresponding to be reduced somewhat.The guardrail beam is on year-on-year basis: cut than the speed of Duoing in the past, laid down than the energy of Duoing in the past.Especially in fence upright, because with flange and non-flange basis, changing the post heart into adds the post that wire rope or wire rope add rubber tube and extends the basis down, post is become have huge support force and toughness, during collision, temper toughness with gentleness, crisp and continuous, curved and the best bending strength of not falling, whole guardrail are not with the very unwise move of Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's power energetically, but adopt the mode of dodging, promptly through last, down, middle multi-stage is slowed down, after the buffering, the making a concerted effort of live load in the time of will colliding again, be kept to component, be to be making a concerted effort of continuous integrated buffer wall at last with infinitely-great prestressing force deposit, remove to offset part or whole load, remove to resist the component of collision back vehicle remainder, make Liang Yuzhu, can't separate forever, can't cause unstable failure, its feature is in sum, and it is not such to linear distortion, ess-strain superposes in structure, make its unstability, and the linear deformation relationship of right and wrong promptly repeats to make its reinstatement.Certainly this guardrail more can reach the desired Security Target of the new rule of guardrail---for anti-vehicle runs off outside the highway, guardrail should have high resiliency, and rigidity and intensity, post also should have enough support forces, and keep away occupant's injures and deaths, guardrail rigidity with less than normal for well, this mutual contradiction, but scientific and reasonable problem is readily solved by guardrail cushion wall of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the multi-stage speed-reducing buffer wall with prestressed composite materials structure principle chart.

Fig. 2 is the prestressing force column transversary schematic diagram based on steel pipe, wire rope, rubber tube.

Fig. 3 is a prestressing force obstruction block transversary schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is with the rubber tube of steel pipe, band wire rope, the compound column transversary schematic diagram that bamboo wood is formed.

Fig. 5 is the compound column transversary schematic diagram of forming with steel pipe, steel wire, hardwood etc.

Fig. 6 is based on steel pipe, and the bamboo and wood material is auxilliary, the compound column transversary schematic diagram of composition.

Fig. 7 is the compound column transversary schematic diagram of forming with steel pipe, steel wire, flat spring etc.

Fig. 8 is with steel pipe, steel wire, plastic pipe, the compound column transversary schematic diagram that flat spring etc. are formed.

Fig. 9 is the compound column transversary schematic diagram of forming with steel pipe, plastic pipe etc.

Figure 10 is the compound column transversary schematic diagram of forming with steel pipe, steel wire, bamboo wood etc.

Figure 11 is the anti-structure principle chart of extracting of base for post lining and column footing.

Figure 12 is the rubber tube of band steel wire, is provided with steel and moulds pipe, the inside and outside wall structure principle chart.

Figure 13 is that steel is moulded and established stressed big little plastic pipe set schematic diagram in the pipe.

In the drawings: pipe 21, guardrail 22 in guardrail beam 1, wire rope 2, rubber tube 3, obstruction block 4, cuticle ball 5, nylon wire 6, column 7, framework 8, steel wire 9, ground 10, underground foundation 11, anchor head 12, safety rope 13, bamboo wood 14, timber 15, combined column 16, flat spring 17, concrete 18, flange 19, extension base for post 20, the post.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in detail.

In Fig. 1, guardrail beam 1 it can be the shaped steel of shaped steel, drawing and extruding section bar etc. or attenuate with after the drawing and extruding section bar composite finished product is mutually compound, be provided with the rubber tube of band wire rope again in its corresponding wave beams back.In the highway traffic safety facilities design standard (revising) that Ministry of Communications is about to issue the highway barrier impact conditions is divided into six grades, following new criteria is called for short new rule at this.(mainly be to make wire rope remove to satisfy the displacement of the new rule of guardrail, make to extend after the beam), (existing numerous in the world Plastics Company all can be produced drawing and extruding section bar guardrail beam).

And overlap the place with the transverse center of obstruction block 4 at guardrail beam 1, be provided with the protective guard beam 1 of a radical ton tensile stress, during collision, produce the anti-beam unstability safety rope 13 of local inhomogeneous eccentric load, rubber tube 3 and wire rope 2 is fixing in one hole of its end and wave beams 1, and the length of the other end and adaptation, position are fixed with interior wire rope 2 or other vertical member of column 7 again.

Among Fig. 2, fence upright 7, be provided with connecting hole with obstruction block 4 corresponding sections, under by the connection of bolt, support unsettled guardrail beam 1, and patten is under the basis on existing flange basis, the improvement that remakes, and Guan Ding in the drawings, the pipe end, are provided with a framework 8, wire rope 2 is embedded in the preformed hole earlier in advance, during installation, rope penetrates a framework 8 after twining a circle from bottom framework 8 again from post, twine a circle again, and will restrict with iron wire and be bent downwardly after end tightly wraps, hold overlapping the whole story that will be in half tensioning state, tightly wraps tens circles and glued joint from vertical, horizontal to get final product.Base for post is then from former flange, extends more than 200 millimeters in the concrete foundation under the post, and flange is motionless.Immediately with the hole around the concrete filling patten.Tighten the bolt of flange base for post at last.Certainly, the post of this wire rope 2 extends the basis down, more is applicable to the patten of not establishing flange.

In Fig. 4, column 7 is provided with compressor wire 9 by the inwall of road, and its top is fixing with the corner framework of establishing 8, its lower end, after from preformed hole, entering, stop tens millimeters development length after, with concrete 18 preformed hole is clogged simultaneously with the bamboo wood 14 that leans on mutually.Among Fig. 5, the lining inwall that leans on of fence upright 7 has an expansion to be with the rubber tube 3 of wire rope from pushing up to the bottom, glueing joint, also extend to the basis bottom, at the hardwood post 15 that inwall is established previously, also is provided with hard bamboo wood 14 around it, its napex suspends concordant with capital, and post is handled identical with Fig. 2 down.Among Fig. 6, fence upright 7 outer walls are provided with and are in cantilever-shaped hardwood 15, also are provided with around the timber to be in cantilever-shaped hard bamboo wood 14, and also glued joint around inwall a circle drawing and extruding section bar plastic pipe is arranged, and their post is handled identical with Fig. 2 down.Among Fig. 7, at column 7 outer limit inwalls, if be that the upper end is in cantilever-shaped hard bamboo wood 14,14 also be provided with and be in cantilever-shaped flat spring 17 by the inside, inwall by the inside also glueds joint a rubber tube 3 that the band steel wire that is unfolded is arranged, extend down to post the bottom, and the following patten of above-mentioned all the other cantilevers is handled same Fig. 2.In Fig. 8, in the axle center of fence upright 7, be provided with two block sizes and differ, thickness equates to be in cantilever-shaped flat spring 17, it be provided with wire rope 2 by the inside, the top is connected with fixing framework 8, their several persons' patten processing is identical with Fig. 2.Among Fig. 9, fence upright 7 inner is provided with the rubber tube 3 of the expansion band steel wire that two first lap splices glued joint with inwall again, and more than its patten, it is curved also should to reserve about more than 100 millimeters rolling, and post is handled same Fig. 2 down.So that elongation per unit length when making collision is with the column basically identical.Among each embodiment, the reason that do not Click here, same treatment all should be made therewith.And around the column outer wall, glueing joint has one to make with pultrusion, has the plastic pipe of steel wire, also should extend the same Fig. 2 of processing method under the tubing string downwards.Among Figure 10, by the inwall of the inside, be provided with the rubber tube 3 of band steel wire, the inner limit in the axle center also is provided with and is in cantilever-shaped bamboo wood 14, and its post is handled identical with Fig. 2 down.Except give an example above also capable of being combined being combined into the various typical composite wood stock columns inside and outside the post, utilize above several special materials also can arrange example and be combined into many composite pillars, though having on the basis of hard bamboo wood, removable steel wire, or wire rope, but the beam in the whole cushion wall, obstruction block have been had prestressing force, have little significance so take down.Around the hard bamboo wood in above-mentioned each column 7, under the constraint of the integral body of steel pipe, form the bending of making a concerted effort during collision, when highway maximum crash energy when 400KJ is following, no longer to glued joint for well, below made above composite pillar of local splicing the (when adopting the aggregation type bamboo block in the post, technology had been gluedd joint processing originally), lower than virgin metal guardrail cost, under the high situation of comprehensive mechanical property, can arrange the example combination arbitrarily,, thereby reach optimized guardrail because of each mechanics of materials index provides.

In Figure 12, the rubber tube of the expansion band steel wire of reinforcement, it is inside and outside by the tube wall on beam limit that the steel that it is provided in a side of attenuate is moulded tubing string, its last connector processing method is: adopt the foreign minister's adhesive tape that extends up from the basis, at capital breach 19 places, bending downwards, the adhesive tape short with inwall, add riveted joint with splicing, and the displacement of wrinkle, this structural constraint capital is also adopted in relative outside, removes this outside at this post, also has one deck plastic pipe overcoat, so that the post good looking appearance.Form an inside and outside cover with this, and utilize the toughness of the stressed and steel wire of the face of rubber strip, the characteristic that the bending strength of bamboo wood is big retrains the short time set of post, and displacement is because stressed during the post collision, be restrained to again under the post greatly, become infinitely-great reaction force.This post is mainly used in the collision energy that 400KJ is above and 520KJ is above and establishes, and anti-simultaneously column moment produces excessive displacement and establishes.But also can be used for the following collision energy of 400KJ.

In Figure 13, in the steel pipe of attenuate or the post of plastic pipe pipe 21 in the post of establishing, this pipe is made by fiber over half, and diameter is at 20 to 30 millimeters, and every pipe can bear 1 to 2 ton of bending load, and assembles required displacement thus.Certainly above various prestressing force composite pillars all can be with reference to this example, and artificial design displacement removes to satisfy guardrail and newly advises.

Embodiment 1

When the new anti-collision level of each guardrail of highway is 3 grades of guardrails, when the maximum crash impact energy is 280KJ, above-mentioned prestressed composite materials protective guard beam, be to adopt metal guardrail and composite material protective guard respectively to be subjected to half load, and it is metal is mutually compound with composite material, and in the composite material impact energy ginseng embodiments of the invention, freely select the corresponding various composite materials bigger than metal.Remedy understrressing partly with this.And composite material four limits should be smaller, and should with the metal overlaid after, four limits should smooth unanimity, and gluing with epoxy resin, metal guardrail and composite material guardrail two faying surfaces are brushed respectively even, weight again, can install through reaching the manual cure cycle, establish wire rope rubber composite pipe again.When should the highway anti-collision level being the collision impact energy of 2 grades of guardrails, select combined method with last identical.When the highway anti-collision level is 6 grades, the maximum crash energy when 520KJ is above, employing to be that the metal guard bar structure is stressed account for more than 1/2, remaining energy is just selected the composite material guardrail, and mutually compound therewith, making, the installation and last identical of remaining wire rope and rubber tube composite material.But the energy of total anticollision should be equal to or greater than new rule, i.e. the wire rope of several tons of different pulling force is same, and when highway barrier collision class 4 to 5 grade, the structure stress of its guardrail distributes, and selects identical with 6 grades.Thereby when reaching collision, the energy-absorbing distortion is maximum, and anti-collision capacity is then maximum.Certainly also can only establish the metal guardrail more than, and set up the prestressing force pulling force buffer pipe of the mutually compound anti-stall of wire rope and rubber tube again being less than or equal under the stressed condition of the above collision energy of 400-520KJ.

No matter the great wave beams of above guardrail collision energy, all can add together stressed in the top margin inboard that the guardrail beam vertically suspends is the wire rope of 1 ton or several tons, method for making substantially as hereinbefore, only different is, the rubber tube of this moment should glued joint with the beam contact surface, when being the sandwich beam of composite material, does not establish rubber tube this moment, the approaching steel wire of optional several stress is sandwiched in the overlapping limit, and centre and two ends are riveted.When remedying the collision of guardrail beam with this, the beam edge partially must the stressed or concentrated situation about destroying earlier of stress.

Remove this, overlap the place at above-mentioned beam center line with the obstruction block cross central line, be provided with the safety rope that the wire rope of a radical ton stress is made, be about 400 millimeters, its two ends are fixed with link separately respectively.It do the collision of time spent constraint guardrail beam the time, obstruction block is subjected to displacement, and when reversing the moment of couple that produces upwards, drives multispan guardrail beam integral body and runs off the beam unstability on capital plane and establish.

Embodiment 2

When collision grade when being 1 to 6 grade and corresponding collision energy, the stressed corrective measure of metal upright post basic this moment is: on pillar support, and about 200 millimeters places, the column wall at following about 300 millimeters places holds to shake and is inserted with one section drawing and extruding section bar pipe and makes to strengthen bearing.It is to prevent that the bearing place from producing that stress is concentrated and the post unstable failure that causes and establishing.Remove this, also in the post of aforementioned improved, increased a rubber tube finished product, increased above-mentioned wire rope and bent material simultaneously, and be enclosed within outside the rope, and patten adopts flush type, the rubber tube end of imbedding in the basis is then holed to breaking mouth, after becoming tabular, crooked 50 millimeters.Behind the steel wire penetrating mouth, carry a steel bar in the earth anchor circle, swell fixture is filled in again, enclose No. 30 concrete at last, the rubber tube of label prescription ginseng (JT023-85) capital at this moment is in the tensioning shape.All the other do not address the place, and are same as described above.The stressed comparable beam of wire rope is little, the wire rope of optional corresponding several tons of pulling force, make its post that bigger buffering be arranged, make a concession distance, mainly utilize the buffering that rubber tube moment has at this, toughness, can not produce brittle failure, mutually compound with wire rope, more can bring into play and temper toughness with gentleness, curved and continuous when making post be subjected to bend, post is through the deceleration of rope pipe, in a disguised form increase the rigidity of post after the buffering, improved the supporting capacity of post, better brought into play the enabling capabilities of post, whole fence post is become stop together the stall vehicle, appropriately again satisfy new rule: the cushion wall of guardrail maximum displacement.Patten with the upper flange plate connection, because the bullet mould and the concrete bullet mould of post are inconsistent, and cause the stress concentration phenomenon in the junction, more than last design, it has just changed the stress performance of flange base for post, mode is slowed down impact velocity, and the uniaxial force pulling force buffering pipe by connecting, and passes part power again in underground foundation.

Embodiment 3

When the collision grade is that 1 to 3 grade of guardrail is when newly advising, the various steel construction measure of column is identical, only different is, replace shaped steel with the drawing and extruding section bar composite material tube, the impact strength of replacing rear column is greater than described standard, and total expense reduces than former design, is that 3 maximum crash energy is more than the 280KJ as colliding grade, this moment the drawing and extruding section bar described in the optional present embodiment, it is F=M/0.8m=40KN that its impact strength KJ/m400, column bear the maximum impact load; In the formula 0.8M for when collision column 200 millimeters places below ground surface, position, inflection point add to the distance of guardrail central point above the guardrail; M is the moment of flexure that every meter material bore, and above-mentioned value is passable greater than standard, and all the other composite materials are selected identical therewith.

When road quality classification is 6 grades, the maximum crash energy is that 520KJ is when above, the construction measure of column is identical with above each example basically, only different is, column section can select the stressed metal post of little part to make overcoat, and again to inner prop of column wall socket glue joint, the composite wood stock column that the impact energy in the optional present embodiment is bigger is mutually compound, and glued joint, make total collision energy greater than new criteria.The maximum crash energy when taking place in above-mentioned like this post, and the rigidity of existing metal column have toughness, the energy-absorbing deformability of composite material again, and the total cost after the optimum organization is minimum, and is stressed best.Composite combined method, make when all the other road quality classifications are 4,5 grades are identical with last example.

Embodiment 4

Prestressed composite materials fence upright of the present invention can be common to the described new criteria of the new industry standard of Ministry of Communications, and the highway anti-collision level that is defined is to use in the roadside barrier, median barrier post in 1 to 6 grade.

Embodiment 5

Above-mentioned each post of the present invention, when being used to make the guardrail of median strip, basically identical with the stressed corrective measure of above-mentioned each post, only different is, root end opening at post, other has additional one one-tenth horizontal triangle fork-shaped spigot-and-socket sleeve pipe, it is suitable for reading that its upper end is fixed in the post root, the lower end fork-shaped penetrates in each relative highway foundation, it is by 50 millimeters of diameters, 5 millimeters length that adapt of wall thickness, make antiseptic shearing resistance steel pipe and make, its effect is: remedy the uncompacted backfill in median strip, planting soil, the ground of column can not satisfy the standard stability requirement, when stall vehicular impact guardrail, many guardrails are subjected to displacement, guardrail by on pull out, or shrink back, establish for increasing the guardrail resistance to overturning.

Certainly go up and improve novel guardrail, also be applicable to no obstruction block guardrail installation with each.

Prestressed composite materials column in the above-mentioned protecting wall also is fit to do the flexible safety fence column.

Embodiment 6

Column in the cushion wall of the present invention, it is to make after mutually compound with the big hard bamboo wood of flexural strengths such as hurdle bamboo or hardhead bambusa textile and steel pipe, wire rope.And the manufacture craft flow process of hurdle bamboo is as follows: former bamboo → block → go acromere → cut open → go internal segment → cut open bluish yellow → dryness finalization → anti-mould and anti-moth processing → gluing → go up stirrup → hot pressing.

The hard bamboo of selecting 3-6 to give birth to avoids infested Qiu Moji winter.Press more than the inner prop ground, the length play that adds below ground is broken, beats joint, subdivision, is removed broken layer wax ester layer, stays bamboo strip.

Dry: the hard bamboo chip moisture content of just splitting is higher, is generally 25%-40%, need carry out drying before the impregnation and handle.Drying mode can make moisture content be reduced to 18%-25% and get final product with natural temperature or drying kiln oven dry.(the also applicable whole bamboo of not cutting open)

Anti-mould and anti-moth is handled: prescription and processing method are seen below.

Gluing: its prescription, bonding adhesive, 100 parts of Lauxites, curing compound, NH ₄CI concentration 20% is 0.3%, controls the precuring of gluing process by adding proper ammonia in addition.Brush coating by hand then, every bamboo wood brush two sides to brush even being as the criterion, is placed on behind the gluing on the grid in gluing pond, and ageing to material surface forms one deck glued membrane, generally is advisable with 1-2h.

Last stirrup: with regard to the time will tighten in the packaged twice stirrup of going into to design in advance of the bamboo of above formation glued membrane, and be to divide equally the well-thought-out plan internal layer to lean on mutually, surf green becomes opposing shape, like this, when the collision of barrier wall occurs on the beam, i.e. styletable, or during the post span centre, the bamboo inner prop all becomes bending.To form column, patten stays 300 or 400 millimeters not establish, and is whole with formation behind the gluing, to overcome the defectives such as discreteness of its diffusing sheet bamboo.

Hot pressing: material base is put into hot press, and the heat pressing process condition is: temperature 100-130 ℃, and time 1-1.5h; Gauge pressure 22.6-28Mpa.After the hot pressing, the inner prop material is unloaded cooling.Principle is that under uniform temperature and pressure glue-line to be solidified gluing, securely glued together the post blank.In the gummed process, the effect of depended on pressure and heat, thus make the rapid condensation curing of chemical analysis of binder reach gummed.Pack at last in the post, glued joint again with the wire rope steel pipe and form, and inexpensive.So utilize this peculiar advantage of bamboo wood at this, the defective of strength deficiency when going to remedy the steel pipe collision, utilize the mechanical property of wire rope good toughness again, replenish the common defects of two materials, the anti-mould and anti-moth prescription of bamboo wood: 92 parts of liquid phenolic resin 8 parts+0.2% penta sodium pentachlorophenates; Dipping 2min.95 parts of prescription 2, A, 5 parts+water of sodium pentachlorophenate; 97 parts in 3 parts+water of B zinc sulfate, the semiproduct A liquid dipping 15min with handling takes out and dries (can not get sun), puts B liquid dipping 15min again and takes out with the clear water rinsing clean.The bamboo wood of above drying also will select above-mentioned prescription 1 or 2 to carry out just carrying out next step technology after anti-mould and anti-moth is handled.

Embodiment 7

Part composite material forming method and performance

Forming method and title

Glass fiber content

Hot strength MPa

Bending strength MPa

Bending modulus GPa

Impact strength KJ/M

Twine	65-70	300-400	290-440	20-29	400-500
						Drawing and extruding section bar rove felt bar rove	45-75	200-540	200-690	10-25	240-320
55-85	25-100	50-200	7-10	250-490
					The fine epoxy of pultrusion carbon		60％	139		134

Embodiment 8

Mining steel wire weaving sebific duct

Tearing strength KN.m -142

Or with reference to outer hydraulic rubber flexible pipe (GB/T10544-2003) all size tearing strength selection of covering rubber of steel wire winding enhancing

Embodiment 9

Steel wire twines nominal diameter d/mm	The natural fiber independent wire strand core wire rope	Minimum breaking force kN
			6		17.50、21.10、22.30
8		31.20、37.60、39.70

Embodiment 10

Indented wire nominal diameter d/mm5	Ultimate tension KN/6
		All-steel cord nominal diameter d/mm1	Ultimate tension KN/1.76-2.21

Embodiment 11

More than the hard bamboo wood flexural strength MPa/200 such as bamboo, hardhead Huang
	More than the dry hardwood material flexural strength MPa/100

Embodiment 12

Flat spring, thickness of slab 5-30 millimeter do not wait, and wide 45-100 millimeter does not wait.When carrying out the aforementioned combination that does not wait, it has nonlinear characteristic, when main spring reaches a certain distortion, auxiliary spring contact beginning bearing load, load is transmitted by each blade end, and all the other points of blade do not contact with each other, and promptly distortion is freely.

Embodiment 13

When highway barrier collision grade is 1 to 6 grade, each corresponding maximum crash energy is more than the 70KJ, to more than 160, more than 280, more than 400, when 520KJ is above, can select the beam or the post of the gained such as winding, pultrusion in the foregoing description 7 accordingly respectively, under the prerequisite that satisfies big bending modulus impact strength, add the rubber tube of being with steel wire again, hard bamboo wood, the wire rope of being bent done the reinforcement on the construction measure.Both satisfy the new anticollision energy requirement of advising of rail collision to reach, and certain stress deposit is arranged, but also can eliminate hidden danger, remove the expense that this price is no more than steel.

The selection of thickness: when collision energy is 70KJ when above, as select about 4 millimeters of the thickness of drawing and extruding section bar beam, post is 4, and when collision energy is 160KJ when above, the thickness of beam is about 9, and post is 1.3; When collision energy is 280KJ when above, the thickness 16 of beam, post are 25; When collision energy is 400KJ when above, beam is 28, and post is 35; When collision energy be 520KJ when above beam be 34, post is 40; When guardrail, can also adjust thickness flexibly in combination of materials scope provided by the present invention certainly with reference to above design by the special circumstances design.

Embodiment 14

When highway barrier collision grade is the corresponding maximum crash energy of 1 to 6 grade and each, can select pultrusion, winding in the foregoing description 7 etc. respectively, selected beam or the post that gets, under the prerequisite that satisfies big bending modulus, impact strength, add band steel wire rubber tube and wire rope tension, hard bamboo or timber etc. again and bent, do the reinforcement in the structure construction measure.To reach the anticollision energy requirement that both satisfies the new rule of rail collision, satisfy the limit value regulation of semi-rigidity rail maximum displacement again, i.e. double wave beam 1000 (mm), three ripples 750.And also has certain stress deposit, to eliminate the unsafe hidden danger of clean steel guardrail.

The lateral displacement amount of above-mentioned guardrail beam, can be in advance by being located in the post in the symmetric position, the rubber tube of asymmetric length or the limiting length of steel wire are controlled, and make the vehicle of its stall be controlled in displacement range forever, remove this also because the bending coefficient of post all greater than the standard value of this fence post.

Since being subjected to straining beam and being subjected to have adopted prestressing force in the curved post, plant level thereby reduced higher lotus, owing in guardrail beam and column, adopted prestressing force jointly.It can adjust structural internal force, offsets or balance part or whole load.

Embodiment 15

Determining of guardrail approx. dimension is 70KJ when above as collision energy, is 4 millimeters as the approximate thickness of selecting the drawing and extruding section bar beam, glueds joint the rubber tube of a band steel wire in addition overleaf again, and launches, and the thickness of pipe is 3 millimeters, every ultimate load 30KN; And select same profile material tube to make post, and what wall thickness was approximate elects 5 millimeters as, and the intracardiac choosing of post adds and is subjected to the curved high bamboo of intensity, gets 70 millimeters approximately with whole diameter, and wall thickness is about 5 millimeters, and remaining space is till filling up with the hard bamboo wood of other minor diameter.Remove this, at the outer inwall of post, glued joint the rubber tube of the band steel wire of an expansion again, above-mentioned guardrail beam is f by the mechanics formula of flexural strength _b=M/W checks, and M is a moment of flexure theory value on beam or the post in the formula, and W is a section factor.The cross section bending coefficient of above-mentioned beam also can be similar to bh by formula ²/ 6 calculate, and b is wide in the formula, and h is high; Also can directly from various mechanics handbook tables, check in.During calculating, should be with the rubber tube that glueds joint and bamboo respectively with separately body thickness meter, and the sebific duct that establish the post part can be ignored.The cross section bending coefficient of beam and post removes this greater than above-mentioned standard value more than one times like this, and the overall space rigidity when it has also utilized bamboo not break goes to remedy the rigidity of section bar deficiency, makes the be above standard stress value of regulation of stress.And 3 to 10 yuan every meter of the rubber tube prices of band steel wire, and cheap nearly one times of composite material price ratio steel, the bamboo valency that every post adds is about 3 yuan.Beam is than every meter cheap 5 to 6 yuan of steel, and beam is every meter cost-saved 3 yuan like this, cheap approximately 3 yuan of every post.And maximum saving is that guardrail does not remake preservative treatment every year, can save about 10 yuan of cost of investment for every meter, as with 10 years be a unit of account, under conventional acid condition, be 30 years application life.Can save 100,000 yuan for every kilometer.As the trackside in the speedway, add every kilometer of median strip and can reduce investment outlay more than 20,000 yuan, two add up to every kilometer more than 120,000 yuan.

Embodiment 16

Guardrail cushion wall of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of shape, and it is applicable to the beam of San Boliang, case beam, pipe beam or special cross section; Be applicable to the oblate post of channel column, other various special cross sections such as H shape post, circular columns, with reference to the present invention add put into the tension material, bent material gets final product.Also be applicable to the aluminium alloys guardrail of thickness thinning.Certainly the different structure combination in the Bridge guardrail patent that also can apply for simultaneously today with reference to me.Remove this, this guardrail cushion wall also is common to beyond 1 to 6 grade of the rail collision grade, and the urban district, city, suburb etc. that do not enter above-mentioned standard are located, and every place that needs to be provided with all can be adopted.

When collision occurs on the guardrail beam 1 on the guardrail 22, the rubber tube 3 of band steel wire 9, inertia and impact force with automobile, the cuticle ball 5 that is promoting tensionings in obstruction block 4 on the multispan beam and the nylon wire 6 applies extruding force, under the effect of pressure, cuticle ball 5 produces bounce-back, and gives 22 1 minimum momentums forward of guardrail beam in moment, moment of torsion when making vehicle collision strengthens, and thus inertia and impact force is reached on the guardrail 22 of more striding.Meanwhile cuticle ball 5 is extruded obstruction block 4, and obstruction block 4 energy-absorbings distortion like this is buffered to the limit.And the rubber tube 3 of guardrail beam 1, band steel wire 9 is formed continuous beam on many supports jointly, and forms with joint efforts, remove to resist the component of vehicle remainder after obstruction block 4 subtracts power, meanwhile, by the rubber tube 3 of fence upright 7 and band steel wire 9, bamboo wood 14 or timber 15 etc. imports the basis into to the active force of collision again.

Since the upper and lower prestressing force multi-stage speed-reducing buffer wall of forming of guardrail beam 1 and column 7 is partly offset or balance the load during collision.Remove this, multi-stage speed-reducing buffer wall single span stress, all greater than car crass by multi-stage speed-reducing after the component of remainder.

When collision occurs on the column 7, because the single or double of column not only slows down but also subtracted power, and active force is reacted on the basis all the time by the rubber tube constraint of band steel wire 9.When the active force of collision during greater than post, flexural deformation simultaneously such as post, bamboo wood 14, deceleration, buffering are added the connection of beam with the multispan post, this moment multispan beam, post also becomes continuous one, beam is with the power of this post, neighbour before and after reaching strides, and the stress of column 7 itself is also greater than impact stresses.Promptly bump curved and do not fall, crisp is that post is subjected to displacement distortion, and brittle failure can not take place under the constraint of rubber tube and bamboo wood, and promptly existing flexibility has rigidity again.In several seconds at zero point of collision, inertia and impact force have been ordered about and have been striden before vehicle drives towards, again owing to the eccentric load that has safety rope 13 will occur on the beam is volleyed in column 7, thereby beam 1 and post 7, common form one indestructible, the multi-stage speed-reducing buffer wall with prestressed composite materials that preventing semi-rigidity rail collision separates make a concerted effort the component of remainder when going to resist vehicle collision.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of bridge knock-on displacement semi-rigid prestressed composite materials protective guard that can restore, it is made up of the guardrail beam and the column of steel, it is characterized in that: the column of guardrail beam and supporting guardrail beam, make by prestressed composite materials.

2, protective guard according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said prestressed composite materials guardrail beam, be meant that it can be a metal wave beams by attenuate, after the drawing and extruding section bar beam is mutually compound, again at the back side, intermediate cross-section, glued joint one become to launch shape, have a rubber tube prestressed, the band steel wire.

3, protective guard according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: it can be, by attenuate the open section of special-shaped shape such as metal circle, rectangle, square, oblateness or the aluminum alloy beams of same cross-sectional, again with after the drawing and extruding section bar beam is mutually compound, just interior or outside be provided with prestressed, the rubber tube of band steel wire, as be located at the back side and then become to launch shape, for homogeneous tube, remove this in being located at, also can interior or outside set up steel tendon or wire rope again.

4, protective guard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when crossbeam is W shape and three waveforms, at the back side of guardrail beam, and between the front of column, be bolted with an obstruction block, be provided with in the obstruction block by the little ball of nylon wire tensioning.

5, according to claim 1 or 3 described protective guards, it is characterized in that: it can be according to the guardrail bridge gauge, do not wait more than 1 to 6 grade of pairing collision energy 70KJ of grade, remove to select combination three crossbeams and two suitable composite material thickness of section of crossbeam, reach corresponding steel wire, wire rope.

6, protective guard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it can be common to bridge gauge: road quality classification is 1 to 6 grade of pairing bridge side rail, the bridge protective railings beyond the median barrier, sidewalk and runway boundary guardrail and bridge gauge.

7, protective guard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the prestressed composite materials column of supporting guardrail beam, be provided with the replacement post in its post, and also be provided with tension material, bent material, they and former post are imbedded the basis with flush type; When being the stone bolt connection basis, also should imbed the basis simultaneously; And replacement post and original rod glue are connected into cantilever-shaped; Tension material one side or both sides and capital are fixed into the prestressing force shape, and the bent material upper end becomes cantilever-shaped.

8, according to claim 1 or 7 described protective guards, it is characterized in that: the replacement post of said attenuate steel can be a drawing and extruding section bar, be wound in any materials such as section bar is composited mutually with the steel fence post; And tension material in the post can be that the rubber tube, wire rope etc. of band steel wire are made; And bent material can be that hard bamboo wood, hardwood material etc. are made.

9, according to claim 7 or 8 described protective guards, it is characterized in that: said fence upright, can collide 1 to 6 grade of pairing collision energy 70KJ of grade according to bridge gauge and replace post with first-class selection attenuate steel, select tension material, bent material in the post.

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