CN1778687A - Method for removing sodium ion from recovered nickle sulfate solution of waste nickle-hydrogen and nickle-cadmium - Google Patents

Method for removing sodium ion from recovered nickle sulfate solution of waste nickle-hydrogen and nickle-cadmium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1778687A
CN1778687A CNA2005101002109A CN200510100210A CN1778687A CN 1778687 A CN1778687 A CN 1778687A CN A2005101002109 A CNA2005101002109 A CN A2005101002109A CN 200510100210 A CN200510100210 A CN 200510100210A CN 1778687 A CN1778687 A CN 1778687A
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nickel
waste
rare earth
hydrogen
sulfate solution
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CN100389520C (en
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罗爱平
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Guangdong Fangyuan New Material Group Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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Abstract

A method for removing sodium ion from waste nickel hydrogen and nickel cadmium recovered nickelous sulfate solution is carried out by leaching out for positive materials of waste nickel hydrogen and nickel cadmium cell from sulfuric acid, heating reactive mixture at 60-95 DEG C, adding into additive containing rare earth element, generating rare earth double salt sulfate deposition in sulfate salt system, deposition reacting for sodion, filtering and removing filter residue to obtain nickelous sulfate solution with low sodium ion content. It costs low and is simple, safety and efficient.

Description

Method for removing sodium ions from nickel sulfate solution recovered from waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing sodium ions from a soluble sulfate mixture solution, in particular to a method for removing sodium ions from a nickel sulfate solution recovered from waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries.
Background
Nickel sulfate,xNiSO4&6H2O·yNiSO4·7H2O, which is often used as an important raw material in the electroplating industry, is used in pre-nickel plating, nickel-iron plating, nickel-cobalt plating, nickel-zinc plating, and in solutions such as chemical nickel plating, and is also used in the manufacture of catalysts for nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, hardened oils or paints, mordants for reducing dyes, metallic colorants, and the like, and also in the manufacture of nickel catalysts and other nickel salts.
At present, China becomes a big country for battery production and consumption. With the use of a large amount of nickel-hydrogen batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries, the amount of waste batteries and electrode waste materials is correspondingly increased, so that the recycling of nickel in the waste batteries provides a wide prospect. The recovery of nickel from waste batteries usually adopts a crystallization mode to evaporate, concentrate and cool a nickel sulfate solution to obtain nickel sulfate crystals. The waste battery also contains other large amount of metal impurities, such as sodium, magnesium, copper, zinc, rare earth elements and the like, so the metal impurities are removed by adopting methods such as extraction and the like, but the methods can only remove the magnesium, copper, zinc, rare earth elements and the like, but can not effectively remove the sodium, so that most of sodium ions are accumulated in the mother liquor in the crystallization process, and are separated out together with nickel sulfate in the form of insoluble salt sodium nickel sulfate when the concentration is high, so that the content of main metal of nickel sulfate is reduced, the index of water insoluble substances is increased, and the quality of nickel sulfate crystals is seriously influenced. Regarding the removal of sodium in nickel sulfate solution, the basic treatment method at present mainly aims at crystallization mother liquor, when sodium in the crystallization mother liquor is accumulated to a certain degree, nickel carbonate is precipitated by carbonate, sodium is removed by washing, and sodium carbonate is dissolved by sulfuric acid to obtain nickel sulfate. The mother liquor precipitation washing method consumes alkali and acid equivalent to nickel, has high cost and complex process, and is difficult to obtain high-quality nickel sulfate crystals when sodium in the mother liquor is enriched to seriously affect the quality of nickel sulfate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for removing sodium ions in a nickel sulfate solution by using an additive containing a rare earth element in the process of recovering nickel sulfate from a waste battery raw material aiming at the influence of the sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution on the crystallization quality of nickel sulfate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for removing sodium ions from a nickel sulfate solution recovered from waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries is characterized by comprising the following sequential steps:
(1) leaching the anode materials of the waste nickel-metal hydride batteries and the nickel-cadmium batteries by using sulfuric acid, wherein the dosage of the sulfuric acid is 100-150% of the theoretical dosage, and the leaching reaction lasts for 4-10 hours;
(2) heating the reaction mixture to 60-95 ℃, then adding an additive containing rare earth elements, stirring and reacting for 60-180 minutes under normal pressure to generate rare earth sulfate double salt precipitate in a sulfate mixture system, and carrying out precipitation reaction of sodium ions;
(3) filtering to remove filter residue, namely removing sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution recovered by the waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries.
Since the anode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery contains rare earth elements, as a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery can be used as the additive containing the rare earth elements, and the adding amount of the anode material depends on the content of the rare earth elements in the anode material.
The total mole number of the rare earth elements adopted by the invention is preferably Na in the sulfate mixed solution+1.1-2.0 times of the mole number.
The amount of sulfuric acid used in the present invention is preferably 105% to 110% of the theoretical amount of sulfuric acid added.
In the leaching reaction, nickel in the waste battery reacts with sulfuric acid to generate nickel sulfate, and the reaction equation is as follows:
meanwhile, other metal elements in the waste battery such as sodium, magnesium and the like react with sulfuric acid to exist in the nickel sulfate solution in the form of metal ions.
After the rare earth element-containing additive is added, the rare earth metal generates the following reaction in a sulfate system:
(n is 0, 2, 8) wherein: RE represents a rare earth element.
The total mole number of the rare earth elements is Na in the solution+The mole number is 1.1-2.0 times of the nickel sulfate system, so that sodium ions are precipitated, and the purpose of removing the sodium ions in the nickel sulfate system is achieved.
The process of sodium removal is easily controlled and the effect is stable. Since the amount of rare earth added is greater than that in the precipitation reaction with sodium, the rare earth sulfate itself is also a precipitate which is hardly soluble in water. Even if a small amount of rare earth elements are dissolved in the nickel sulfate solution, the rare earth elements can be extracted and removed in the subsequent impurity removal process by using P204. Therefore, the addition of the negative electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery is safe and effective.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention can effectively separate sodium ions from the nickel sulfate solution, so that the content of the sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution is reduced to be below 100mg/L, and the crystallization quality of the nickel sulfate solution without the sodium ions is excellent; (2) the invention has low cost and high efficiency; (4) the invention has simple and reliable process, strong operability, safety and small equipment investment; (3) the invention skillfully uses the anode material of the waste nickel-cadmium battery and the cathode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery in a matching way, thereby recycling the nickel sulfate, improving the quality of the nickel sulfate solution, treating waste by waste, changing waste into valuable and eliminating environmental pollution; (5) the method has the universality of the sodium removal method, and can be used for removing sodium from the nickel sulfate solution, removing sodium from the nickel sulfate mother liquor and the like produced by any other method.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Leaching the anode materials of the waste nickel-metal hydride batteries and the nickel-cadmium batteries by using sulfuric acid, wherein the dosage of the sulfuric acid is 105 percent of the theoretical dosage, and the leaching reaction is carried out for 9 hours;
(2) heating the reaction mixture to 95 ℃, adding the negative electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery, stirring and reacting for 180 minutes at normal pressure, and carrying out precipitation reaction of sodium ions by utilizing rare earth elements contained in the negative electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery to generate rare earth sulfate double salt precipitation in a sulfate mixture system;
(3) filtering to remove filter residues, namely removing sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution recovered by the waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries;
(4) and removing impurities from the filtrate after removing the sodium ions by using a bis- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P507) extraction system, and extracting and separating nickel and cobalt by using bis- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester to obtain a nickel sulfate solution with the sodium ion content of less than 100 mg/L.
Example 2
(1) Leaching the anode materials of the waste nickel-metal hydride batteries and the nickel-cadmium batteries by using sulfuric acid, wherein the dosage of the sulfuric acid is 110 percent of the theoretical dosage, and the leaching reaction is carried out for 6 hours;
(2) heating the reactionmixture to 70 ℃, adding the negative electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery, stirring and reacting for 120 minutes at normal pressure, and performing precipitation reaction of sodium ions by using rare earth elements in the negative electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery to generate rare earth sulfate double salt precipitation in a sulfate mixture system;
(3) filtering to remove filter residues, namely removing sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution recovered by the waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries;
(4) and removing impurities from the filtrate after removing the sodium ions by a di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid extraction system, and extracting and separating nickel and cobalt from di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester to obtain a nickel sulfate solution with the sodium ion content of less than 100 mg/L.
Example 3
(1) Leaching the anode materials of the waste nickel-metal hydride batteries and the nickel-cadmium batteries by using sulfuric acid, wherein the dosage of the sulfuric acid is 140 percent of the theoretical dosage of the sulfuric acid, and the leaching reaction lasts for 5 hours;
(2) heating the reaction mixture to 65 ℃, then adding rare earth metal, stirring at normal pressure and reacting for 80 minutes to generate rare earth sulfate double salt precipitate in a sulfate mixture system, and performing precipitation reaction of sodium ions;
(3) filtering to remove filter residues, namely removing sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution recovered by the waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries;
(4) and removing impurities from the filtrate after removing the sodium ions by a di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid extraction system, and extracting and separating nickel and cobalt from di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester to obtain a nickel sulfate solution with the sodium ion content of less than 100 mg/L.
The method is not limited to removing sodium ions from the nickel sulfate solution recovered from the waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries, and can also be used as a method for removing sodium ions in the production process of other nickel sulfate solutions or in the nickel sulfate mother liquor.

Claims (4)

1. A method for removing sodium ions from a nickel sulfate solution recovered from waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries is characterized by comprising the following sequential steps:
(1) leaching the anode materials of the waste nickel-metal hydride batteries and the nickel-cadmium batteries by using sulfuric acid, wherein the dosage of the sulfuric acid is 100-150% of the theoretical dosage, and the leaching reaction lasts for 4-10 hours;
(2) heating the reaction mixture to 60-95 ℃, then adding an additive containing rare earth elements, stirring and reacting for 60-180 minutes under normal pressure to generate rare earth sulfate double salt precipitate in a sulfate mixture system, and carrying out precipitation reaction of sodium ions;
(3) filtering to remove filter residue, namely removing sodium ions in the nickel sulfate solution recovered by the waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive containing rare earth elements is a negative electrode material of the waste nickel-hydrogen battery.
3. The method for removing sodium ions from the nickel sulfate solution recovered from waste nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total mole number of the rare earth elements is Na in the solution+1.1-2.0 times of the mole number.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of sulfuric acid used is 100% to 150% of the theoretical amount of sulfuric acid added.
CNB2005101002109A 2005-10-08 2005-10-08 Method for removing sodium ion from recovered nickle sulfate solution of waste nickle-hydrogen and nickle-cadmium Active CN100389520C (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101924207A (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-12-22 河南新太行电源有限公司 Cathode material of alkaline bag-type battery and preparation method thereof
CN102249767A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 北京有色金属研究总院 Compound fertilizer containing rare earth double salt and preparation method thereof
CN108950245A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-07 东北大学 A method of removing sodium ion from nickeliferous, cobalt secondary resource leachate
CN108950244A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-07 东北大学 A method of removing sodium ion from nickeliferous, cobalt secondary resource leachate

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0739080A (en) * 1993-07-26 1995-02-07 Brother Ind Ltd Charging circuit
DE4445496A1 (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Varta Batterie Process for the recovery of metals from used nickel-metal hydride accumulators
CN1187862C (en) * 2000-12-08 2005-02-02 同济大学 Comprehensive recovery and utilization method of waste NiCd battery
CN1287481C (en) * 2003-11-11 2006-11-29 财团法人工业技术研究院 Method for recovering valuable metal from waste secondary cell

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102249767A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 北京有色金属研究总院 Compound fertilizer containing rare earth double salt and preparation method thereof
CN101924207A (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-12-22 河南新太行电源有限公司 Cathode material of alkaline bag-type battery and preparation method thereof
CN101924207B (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-10-17 河南新太行电源有限公司 Cathode material of alkaline bag-type battery and preparation method thereof
CN108950245A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-07 东北大学 A method of removing sodium ion from nickeliferous, cobalt secondary resource leachate
CN108950244A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-07 东北大学 A method of removing sodium ion from nickeliferous, cobalt secondary resource leachate

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Assignee: Jiangmen Fangyuan Environment Technology Development Co.,Ltd.

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