CN1778135A - Method and apparatus for performing position determination in a wireless communication network with repeaters. - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for performing position determination in a wireless communication network with repeaters. Download PDFInfo
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- CN1778135A CN1778135A CN 200480010626 CN200480010626A CN1778135A CN 1778135 A CN1778135 A CN 1778135A CN 200480010626 CN200480010626 CN 200480010626 CN 200480010626 A CN200480010626 A CN 200480010626A CN 1778135 A CN1778135 A CN 1778135A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method and apparatus to perform position determination in a wireless (e.g., cellular) communication network with repeaters. A signal received by a terminal is initially identified as being from a repeater. A position and a position uncertainty for the identified repeater are obtained (e.g., from a repeater database) and provided as the position estimate and position uncertainty for the terminal if (1) a more accurate position estimate for the terminal cannot be obtained, (2) the terminal is deemed to be in an indoor environment, or (3) the terminal is located sufficiently close to the identified repeater. If information for additional delays associated with the identified repeater is available, then the position estimate for the terminal may be derived based on a ''compensated'' time measurement for the identified repeater (i.e., with the additional delays removed) and time measurements for at least two other transmitters received by the terminal.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires in the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/452 of submission on March 3rd, 2003,182 priority.
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to the position and determine, relate more particularly to a kind of cordless communication network (for example cellular network) that is used at a tape relay device and carry out the method and apparatus that the position is determined.
Background technology
A kind of ordinary skill that is used for determining the position of a terminal is to determine to arrive the needed time quantum of this terminal from the signal in a plurality of transmitters emissions of known position.The propagation time of signal typically is converted into " pseudorange ", and it is the distance estimations between terminal and the transmitter.Utilization is commonly referred to the process of " trilateration ", based on the position that just can estimate terminal to the position of the pseudorange of transmitter and transmitter.
It is a kind of that to provide the system of signal from a plurality of transmitters (satellite) in known position be famous global positioning system (GPS).Based on the signal that is received from the gps satellite (typically being four) of sufficient amount by a terminal can be that this terminal obtains an accurate three-dimensional position and estimates (or " location ").Yet the gps satellite that (for example indoor) may not obtain requirement in some operational environment obtains this location.Another kind of is wireless (for example honeycomb) communication network from the system of signal is provided at the known a plurality of transmitters (base station) that are limited to the position of the earth.Based on the signal that is received from the base station (typically being three or more) of sufficient amount by a terminal can be that this terminal obtains bidimensional (2-D) location estimation.
Many cellular networks adopt repeater covering to be provided or to expand this network coverage for the appointed area in this network.For example, a repeater can be used for covering because the geographic area that decline situation (that is " hole " in the network) is not covered by the base station.Repeater can also be used to covering the overseas rural areas of base station overlay area (for example highway is along the line).Repeater receives on forward direction and reverse two links, regulates and forward signal.Forward link is meant the communication link from the base station to the terminal, and reverse link is meant the communication link from terminal to base station.
The position of determining a terminal in the network of an employing repeater can run into various challenges.On the forward link, each repeater is launched the signal of a relaying to terminal with high-power and band additional time delay ground in its overlay area.Because repeating signal high-power adds the isolation related with the overlay area of repeater usually, a terminal that is positioned at a repeater coverage area often can not receive from signal of base station.In addition, (for example in building, tunnel, subway etc.) do not have enough power levels from the signal of gps satellite, and can not be received by this terminal in the situation of many use repeaters.Like this, have only the signal (may only have only a signal) of limited quantity can be used for determining the position of this terminal from repeater.
And the additional hours of being introduced by repeater is postponed a meeting or conference and is distorted the measurement that terminal is carried out the signal that receives from repeater.Therefore, the measurement of the signal of repeater reception can be dropped usually and not determine as the position.In some cases, have only only a few to measure the location estimation that can be used for calculating to terminal.If abandon signal from repeater, so based on the precision of the location estimation of residual signal will be very poor.
Therefore demand to so a kind of method and apparatus is arranged in the art, promptly be used for providing the method and apparatus of the location estimation of a terminal at the cordless communication network of an employing repeater (or have other transmission sources of the similar characteristics).
Summary of the invention
Provide at this and to carry out the method and apparatus that the position is determined in a kind of cordless communication network (for example, cellular network) that is used at a tape relay device.As described below, this method and apparatus has utilized a repeater database that is included in various types of information of the repeater in this network.Can be based on (1) by of the measurement of this terminal to being undertaken by the signal that this terminal received, (2) information and (3) available other information in this repeater database obtain location estimation to terminal.
According to an execution mode of disclosed method and apparatus, determine in this network of tape relay device, carrying out the position, at first discern a signal that receives by this terminal and come from a repeater.Obtain (for example, from the repeater database) if the position of institute's identification repeater and the more accurate location estimation that can not obtain terminal provide the location estimation of the position of this repeater as this terminal.Can obtain the position uncertainty of (same) institute's identification repeater equally and be provided as the uncertainty that terminal location is estimated from the repeater database.Owing to various reasons, for example, (1) lacks the more accurate location estimation that measurement that the additional time delay information relevant with repeater and/or (2) shortage carry out the required sufficient amount of trilateration for terminal may not obtain this terminal.
Can determine that also this terminal is in an indoor or outdoor environment.Can determine further also whether this terminal is positioned at from the repeater of being discerned enough nearby.This can be by the repeater that will be discerned received signal intensity and a threshold value compare and finish.If think terminal (1) be in an indoor environment or (2) be positioned at from the repeater of being discerned enough nearby (that is, received signal intensity surpasses threshold value) location estimation of the position of institute's identification repeater as terminal is provided.
If the additional time delay information relevant with the repeater of being discerned can be utilized, the time measurement that can handle this repeater of being reported by terminal so is to remove additional time delay.Thereby the time measurement of at least two other transmitters that can receive based on " compensation " time measurement (that is, having removed additional time delay) of institute's identification repeater with by terminal obtains the more accurate location estimation of this terminal.
Various aspects of the present invention and execution mode are below described in more detail.
Description of drawings
From the detailed description that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is more obvious that feature of the present invention, essence and advantage will become, and in whole accompanying drawings, identical label represents to have identical, similar or corresponding feature or function, and wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a cordless communication network with repeater;
Fig. 2 shows one and is used for based on obtaining the process that terminal location is estimated by terminal from the signal that base station and/or repeater at network receive;
Fig. 3 shows a process of location estimation that is used to obtain to receive from least one repeater the terminal of a signal; And
Fig. 4 shows the block diagram of base station, repeater, terminal and position determination entity (PDE) in this network.
Embodiment
Represent the meaning of " as example, example or explanation " with " exemplary " speech at this.This be described as " exemplary " any execution mode or the design might not be read as with respect to other execution mode or the design be preferred or favourable.
Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic sketch that the cordless communication network 100 of repeater is arranged.Network 100 can be (for example GSM) cellular network of supporting (for example IS-95, IS-2000, the W-CDMA etc.) of one or more CDMA standards and/or supporting one or more TDMA standards.All these standards are well-known in the art.Network 100 can comprise a plurality of base stations 104.Yet, for the sake of simplicity, in Fig. 1, only shown three base station 104a, 104b and 104c.Each base station 104 is served a specific overlay area 102 and is provided communication for the terminal 106 that is positioned at its overlay area.Base station or its overlay area or the two, the context according to term uses often is called as " sub-district ".
Can in network 100, dispose repeater 114 to otherwise can not provided covering by the zone that base station 104 covers.For example, repeater 114 can be deployed in the signal from base station 104 is received in the zone of difference, for example regional 112a among Fig. 1.Receiving difference may be because decline situation or some other phenomenon.Repeater 114 also is deployed in usually and improves indoor covering in the building.Repeater 114 also can also be used to the covering of extended network 100, for example regional 112b and the 112c among Fig. 1.Usually repeater has better cost benefit than the base station, and more advantageously can be deployed in the occasion that needs additional covering but do not need additional capacity.According to the deployment of network, any amount of base station in network can be by relaying.
A plurality of terminals 106 can be distributed in the whole network.For the sake of simplicity, in Fig. 1, only shown a terminal 106.Each terminal can communicate on forward direction and reverse link with one or more base stations at any time.If network support " soft handover " and if terminal in fact in soft handover, terminal can side by side communicate with a plurality of base stations.
A plurality of base stations 104 typically are connected in and are controlled by a base station controller (BSC) 120.BSC 120 coordinates the communication of the base station under its control.A position determination entity (PDE) 130 can be connected to BSC 120 and be used for the position to be determined.As following further detailed description, PDE 130 can receive the measurement of self terminal 106 and can determine the position of terminal based on the measurement that receives.
For a cdma network, each base station has all distributed one to have a particular offset or the pseudo noise of time started (PN) sequence.Its data of spread spectrum before transmit on the forward link with this PN sequence the base station.A pilot tone is also launched in each base station, and it is simple complete (or complete a zero) sequence and uses the PN sequence spread spectrum of distributing to this base station.Therefore signal by each base station comprises spread spectrum data and pilot tone.
Determine for the position, can estimate the pseudorange of a given base station based on the signal that receives from the base station by a terminal.Can determine time at signal incoming terminal place based on be used for the phase place of PN sequence of spread spectrum by the base station.Owing to typically obtain this PN phase information, measure (PPM) so be commonly referred to " pilot phase " by the measurement that terminal obtained by handling pilot tone.The pilot phase measurement is used for estimated signal and propagates into the shared time quantum of terminal from the base station.This propagation time can be converted to pseudorange, it comprise between terminal and the base station " truly " or actual range add measure error.
In the following description, term " time measurement " is used for representing (1) to can be used to calculate a measurement to the pseudorange of transmitter based on measurement and (2) that a signal that receives from a transmitter (for example base station) obtains.This time measurement can be that a pilot phase is measured, measure a time of advent (TOA), a round-trip delay (RTD) is measured or measure a time of advent poor (TDOA).All these dissimilar measurements are known in the art and do not describe at this.
As mentioned above, repeater can be used for the zone that covered by the base station for not for example in the building, providing covering.By a wireless or wire link (for example coaxial or fiber optic cables), or directly or by another repeater, each repeater 114 all is connected to " alms giver " base station 104.On the forward link, a repeater receives " alms giver " signal from this " alms giver " base station, regulates to be somebody's turn to do " alms giver " signal to obtain one " relaying donor signal " and to launch this relaying donor signal via one " service " day alignment terminal in its overlay area.On reverse link, this repeater receives " up " signal from this service antenna, regulates to be somebody's turn to do " up " signal to obtain " relaying is a up " signal and to send this relaying upward signal to this donor base station.This upward signal comprises the reverse link signal that is transmitted to this repeater by terminal.Repeater comprises that typically one is used for alms giver and upward signal are carried out the hardware cell of Signal Regulation and be used for launching this relaying donor signal and receiving the service antenna of this reverse link signal from terminal to terminal.This service antenna can be positioned at different positions or be positioned at identical position jointly with hardware cell.Under any circumstance, the position of service antenna typically is used as the position of this repeater.
Each repeater is all relevant with additional time delay, this additional time delay comprise (1) between donor base station and repeater propagation delay time and (2) because the circuit in the repeater receives, regulates and forwarding comes from the inner time delay that the signal of donor base station causes.For example, surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, amplifier and other elements in the repeater can be to introducing time delay by the relaying donor signal of this repeaters transmit.In some cases, this additional time delay may be able to be compared with the propagation delay time from the donor base station to the terminal, or may be bigger.Like this, if do not consider the additional time delay of repeater, just can not be used for determining the position of terminal so reliably from the time measurement of the signal of repeater reception by terminal.
Provide a kind of cordless communication network (for example cellular network) that is used at a tape relay device to carry out the method and apparatus that the position is determined at this.As described below, this method and apparatus has utilized a repeater database, and this database is included in various types of information of the repeater in this network.Based on the measurement that (1) is undertaken by this terminal, (2) in this repeater database information and (3) other may available informations obtain a location estimation to a terminal.
Fig. 2 show be used for based on by a terminal from the base station of a cellular network and/or the signal that receives of repeater obtain the flow chart of an execution mode of process 200 of a location estimation of this terminal.
Beginning obtains the measurement (step 212) by one or more signals of the one or more transmitters receptions of this terminal from this network.The signal of each reception comes from different transmitters, and it can be base station or repeater.Signal to each reception can obtain one or more measurements.Each measurement can be the measurement of a time measurement (for example a pilot phase is measured), a signal strength measurement or some other types.For example, the signal to each reception can obtain a time measurement and a signal strength measurement.
For the signal of each reception, determine that this received signal is from a repeater or a base station (step 214).Step 214 is called the repeater identification process, and can finish one or more measurements and (2) information in this repeater database of the signal acquisition of each reception based on (1).As the part of this repeater identification process,, can determine so also whether it is an indoor repeater or an outdoor repeater if a signal receives from a repeater.An indoor repeater is a repeater that is deployed in the building, and an outdoor repeater is a repeater that is deployed in outside the building.If can not discern the transmitter of the signal of a given reception, can abandon this signal so and make it to be not used in the position and determine.To describe the repeater identification process in detail below.
(for example three or more) that determine whether sufficient amount then can be utilized (step 218) to the measurement of base station.If answer is sure, so just based on the location estimation (step 220) that measures this terminal to the base station.For step 220, abandon measurement to repeater.Be called AFLT (A-FLT) based on technology to the location estimation that obtains this terminal of the measurement of the base station in a cellular network, observation arrives time difference (OTDOA), the observed time difference of enhancing (E-OTD) and the up time of advent (U-TOA).These technology are that XXX submits to, are entitled as among the U.S. Patent application No.XXX of " XXX " to describe, and it has transferred the application's assignee and by with reference to incorporating at this.Generally, the position is determined can be by well-known means, for example at the 3GPP25.305 that can openly obtain, and the means realization described in TIA/EIA/IS-801 and the TIA/EIA/IS-817 standard document.
If the answer to step 218 is negated to determine so whether a signal comes from a repeater (step 228).If answer is sure, so can be based on to the measurement of the repeater discerned and possibly to the location estimation (step 230) that measures this terminal of base station.Below step 230 will be described in further detail.
If the answer to step 228 negates, so not from terminal obtain sufficient amount to the measurement of base station and do not obtain measurement to repeater from terminal.In this case, can utilize cell identification based on measurement or strengthen the position that the cell identification technology is estimated this terminal the base station that received.The cell identification technology provides based on available measurement thinks that this terminal is positioned at the identity of a sub-district of this sub-district.Enhancing cell identification technology provides thinks that this terminal is positioned at the identity of this sector of this sector.Therefore, cell identification and the precision that strengthens the cell identification technology depend on respectively terminal be considered to be positioned at wherein the sub-district and the size of sector.Fig. 3 shows one and is used for obtaining the flow chart of an execution mode of process 230x of location estimation that receives the terminal of a signal from least one repeater at this cellular network.Each of at least one repeater is by the identification of the repeater identification process in the step 214 in Fig. 2.Process 230x can be used for the step 230 of Fig. 2.
Beginning, at least one has discerned " roughly " or " complete " information (step 312) of repeater to determine whether comprise this by this repeater database.Followingly provide any description that constitutes rough and complete information.In a word, this repeater database is regarded as comprising the coarse information of a given repeater under following situation, if the time delay information that the position of (1) this repeater can obtain with the position uncertainty and (2) this repeater is relevant is unavailable.At least one has discerned the coarse information of repeater if this repeater database comprises this, and a repeater of having discerned is at first selected so.If only discerned a repeater, this repeater of choosing just is this single repeater of having discerned simply so.If discerned a plurality of repeaters, it is selected that this has discerned one of repeater (for example this has the repeater of the strongest signal receiving strength) so.So just provide this position of choosing repeater, as the location estimation (step 314) of this terminal.Process finishes then.
If the answer to step 312 negates, determine so terminal be in one indoor or be in an outdoor environment (step 322).Can carry out this based on the signal that receives from repeater and/or other available information determines.For example, if a signal receives from least one indoor repeater, it is indoor to think that then this terminal is in.It is an indoor repeater or an outdoor repeater that repeater identification process in the step 214 among Fig. 2 can be indicated a repeater of having discerned.To describe in further detail below in the terminal room/the determining of outdoor environment.
If it is indoor to think that this terminal is in, provide this position of choosing repeater so, as the location estimation (step 324) of this terminal.Under indoor environment, the position of this repeater typically is enough to the location estimation as this terminal.In addition, under indoor environment, might be able to not obtain the location estimation of more accurate this terminal, be used for trilateration from the signal of the requirement of base station and/or gps satellite because may not obtain.
If this terminal is not to be in indoor environment, determine whether surpass a specific signal intensity threshold (step 332) so from any signal strength signal intensity or power of having discerned the repeater reception.If answer is sure, think that so this terminal is positioned at from this repeater enough nearby.In this case, provide this to discern the position of repeater, as the location estimation (step 334) of this terminal with strong cohesiveness collection of letters intensity.The selection of this signal strength threshold can be based on multiple factor, following will describing in further detail.
For step 314,324 and 334, the uncertainty that this terminal location is estimated can be made as and be equal to a such position uncertainty of having discerned repeater, and wherein the position of this repeater is as the location estimation of this terminal.For example, cover a building and be connected to the repeater of donor base station via a leaky cable for one, a big position uncertainty can be relevant with this repeater.In this case, a sizable uncertainty can be used for this terminal location estimation, and it has been set to the position of this repeater.
If the answer to step 332 is negated, this shows that (1) this terminal is not in an indoor environment so, and (2) have not discerned from any that repeater receives an enough strong signal and (3) this repeater database comprises the time delay information of having discerned repeater about at least one.In this case, the location estimation of this terminal can obtain (square frame 340) to the time measurement of the signal that receives from the base station and (2) to " compensation " time measurement of the signal that receives from repeater based on (1).Time measurement (promptly being reported by this terminal) to the signal that receives from repeater comprises (1) propagation delay time from donor base station to this repeater, the inner time delay of (2) this repeater and (3) propagation delay from this repeater to this terminal.Can measure (step 342) to the time measurement of this repeater with the make-up time that the removal additional time delay relevant with this repeater obtains this repeater by handling.Make-up time measurement for a given repeater i can be expressed as:
Wherein: p
iThe time measurement that this terminal of serving as reasons is reported to repeater i;
τ
Int, iInner time delay for repeater i;
τ
Br, iBe propagation delay time from this donor base station to repeater i; And
The additional time delay of repeater i is inner time delay τ
Int, iWith propagation delay time τ
Br, iCombination.For each repeater of knowing its additional time delay (promptly in this repeater database, can obtain), just can obtain its make-up time measurement.
The make-up time measurement of a repeater be can be used to obtain the pseudorange of this repeater.Correspondingly, the time measurement of a base station be can be used to obtain the pseudorange of this base station.So this terminal location is estimated and can be obtained to the pseudorange of repeater and the position (step 344) of repeater to the pseudorange of base station and position and (2) of base station based on (1).Step 344 can realize by using the A-FLT method.Process finishes then.
The specific implementations that the position is determined is carried out in Fig. 2 and 3 representatives in the cellular network of a tape relay device.Can carry out various modifications to disclosed execution mode, and this is within the scope of the invention.For example, each step of the process shown in Fig. 3 can rearrange.As an example, square frame 340 can move on between step 312 and 322.In this case, if can (measure for the base station of sufficient amount and the time measurement and the make-up time of repeater respectively), can use trilateration to obtain the location estimation of this terminal if promptly can obtain.Typically, used trilateration and obtained the pseudorange that this terminal location estimates to need to arrive three or more transmitters, wherein each transmitter can be a base station or a repeater.If can not use the pseudorange of the transmitter of sufficient amount, position of having discerned repeater can be used as the location estimation of terminal so.As another example, can remove step 322 and 324 and/or step 332 and 334.
Some step in Fig. 2 and 3 will be described in further detail below.
Repeater identification
Can make ins all sorts of ways determines that the signal that is received by a terminal is from a base station or a repeater.These methods comprise a kind of legacy network (legacy network) method, a kind of modulator approach and a kind of identifier PN method.
For the legacy network method, based on obtain to signal measurement and available in this network the base station and the information of repeater, every next signal ground, the transmitter of each signal that identification is received by this terminal.This method is an iteration, the transmitter of a received signal of identification in each iteration.Two execution modes-a kind of covering method of superposition and a kind of relative phase method of this legacy network method are described below.
This covering method of superposition is discerned the transmitter of each received signal based on one of this terminal identification covering area (following description) and the overlay area that is identified a series of candidate transmitter of signal.At first, this signal of identification from the signal of all receptions from reference base station or repeater.This can for example realize based on the PN skew/sequence of this received signal, the time of advent of this received signal, power level, some other measurement or the combination wherein of this received signal.For each iteration, select one of remaining received signal to be used for identification.For the iteration first time, this identification covering area is set at the overlay area of this reference base station or repeater.For each iteration subsequently, it is synthetic by the overlay area of all base stations discerned in the iteration formerly and repeater that this identification covering area forms.Determine the PN sequence of the signal in current iteration, discerned then.Next obtain to have distributed the base station of this identical PN sequence and the tabulation of repeater.Determine each base station in this tabulation and the overlay area of repeater then.Can be based on the position uncertainty or the maximum antenna range that are stored in this repeater in this repeater database, and this repeater location obtains this overlay area of a repeater.Each base station and repeater during assessment is tabulated then.Select then to have one farthest with the base station of the overlapping overlay area of this identification covering area or repeater as in the current iteration at the transmitter of this signal of discerning.
This relative phase method is discerned the transmitter of each received signal based on the time measurement of the identification covering area of this terminal and a series of candidate transmitter.Be similar to this covering method of superposition, in each iteration, one of selective reception signal is used for identification.For each iteration, as mentioned above, obtain the identification covering area, determine the PN sequence of the signal in current iteration, discerned, obtain to have distributed the base station of this PN sequence and the tabulation of repeater.
Be each candidate base station and an incremental time measurement of repeater calculating (the Δ p in this tabulation then
i) and a distance increment (Δ d
i).The incremental time measurement of a given candidate transmitter i is at this time measurement (p in identification signal
i) with the time measurement (p of the transmitter of a selection
s) between poor (be Δ p
i=p
i-p
s).This selection transmitter then can be the base station discerned in formerly the iteration and any one of repeater.The distance increment of candidate transmitter i is following poor between the column distance: (1) distance (d from candidate transmitter i to this identification covering area center
i) and (2) distance (d from the transmitter selected to identification covering area center
s) (be Δ d
i=d
i-d
s).Apart from d
iBe based on that the position of the candidate transmitter i that can obtain determines from this repeater database.Each base station and repeater in the assessment tabulation.Select Delta Time to measure to approach most distance of increment (i.e. Zui Xiao (Δ p then
i-Δ d
i)) the base station or repeater as the transmitter of the signal of discerning in the current iteration.As known in the art, time measurement can be converted to distance by multiply by light velocity constant C.
If the time delay information of a given candidate relay device can obtain, from time measurement, deduct the additional time delay of this repeater so to obtain the time measurement p of this repeater by this terminal report
iOtherwise if unavailable for the such time delay information of this candidate relay device, the round-trip delay (RTD) that can record based on the candidate base station place in this terminal is estimated the additional time delay of this repeater so.This RTD measurement is about the twice of following summation: (1) distance (d from the donor base station to the repeater
Br) and (2) distance (d from the repeater to the terminal
Rt) (be RTD/2 ≈ d
Br+ d
Rt).For distance d
Rt, estimate that this terminal is positioned at the center of identification covering area.From time measurement, deduct then apart from d by the terminal report
BrTo obtain the time measurement p of repeater
i
For modulator approach, the relaying upward signal that is sent to donor base station by the repeater modification by this repeater on reverse link is to comprise an identification signature (identifyingsignature).This signature can the discernible change in Yanzhong with at amplitude, frequency and/or at the upward signal that the service antenna place of repeater receives the time form.For the time delay modulator approach, the relaying upward signal that sends to donor base station by repeater can comprise the version of the time delay of this upward signal and one or more these upward signals.The version of each time delay can produce by the time that upward signal is postponed specified quantitative.Can obtain the signature of this terminal in every way.For example, the acquisition of this signature can be used for one group of specific time delay of version of the time delay of upward signal based on (1), (2) be used for the characteristic frequency between the version of the time delay of different upward signals, switched, or (3) are used for AD HOC or the sign indicating number sequence switched between the version of the time delay of upward signal.
For frequency modulating method, can obtain this signature by the carrier frequency of repeating signal being applied slight disturbance with some ad hoc fashion.For amplitude modulation method, can apply disturbance by amplitude and obtain this signature repeating signal.
Can receive and handle to detect by donor base station from the relaying upward signal of repeater and comprise signature in this relaying upward signal by repeater.Can assess the identity of this signature with the given trunk device of definite this relaying upward signal of emission.All the repeater with this identification is relevant to be included in all reverse link signal in this relaying upward signal.
For identifier PN method, a repeater is by producing an identifier signal with pilot tone of PN sequence spread spectrum of distributing to this repeater.This PN sequence can be one of a plurality of PN sequences that are in particular the repeater identification reservation.This identifier signal can with the donor signal addition that receives from donor base station on the forward link.This identifier signal is located at that (thereby for example-15dBc) it can not cause too much interference to donor signal on the enough low power level.In addition, suitably this identifier signal of time delay is from a specific repeater to allow terminal can detect this identifier signal.The relaying donor signal that comprises donor signal and identifier signal by repeaters transmit to terminal.
This relaying donor signal from repeater is received and is handled to detect this identifier signal by a terminal.Assess the identity of this detected identifier signal then with the given trunk device of definite this relaying donor signal of emission.
The repeater database
The integrality of repeater database and accuracy have tremendous influence to the accuracy of the location estimation of terminal in the cellular network of tape relay device.The accurate repeater database of complete sum is preferred.Yet, may be difficult to maybe can not organize such database.The type that depends on the information of the repeater in the available network, repeater database can be categorized as " roughly " or " complete ".
Rough repeater database can comprise all or some parameter of listing in the table 1.
Table 1
| Parameter | Describe |
| Repeater ID | Distribute to unique ID of repeater. |
| Corresponding PN | Distribute to the PN skew/sequence of the donor base station of this repeater. |
| Position and position uncertainty | The position of repeater and the uncertainty of this position.The position of repeater can be provided by latitude, longitude and altitude coordinates. |
| The indoor/outdoor designator | The indication repeater is indoor repeater or outdoor repeater. |
Repeater ID can be any sign indicating number that is used for discerning this repeater.For example, repeater ID can be used to produce this PN sequence (for identifier PN method) of identifier signal corresponding to by the signature (for modulator approach) of repeater in the relaying upward signal that donor base station sends, or the like.
For rough repeater database, repeater location can be rough and can be further relevant with a big position uncertainty.Thereby rough repeater database can be used for the application of the rough terminal location estimation of needs only.
Complete repeater database can comprise all or some parameter of listing in the table 2.
Table 2
| Parameter | Describe |
| Repeater ID | Distribute to unique ID of repeater. |
| Corresponding PN | Distribute to the PN skew/sequence of the donor base station of this repeater. |
| Position and position uncertainty | The position of repeater and the uncertainty of position.The more accurate version of the identical parameters in rough repeater database. |
| Maximum antenna range (MAR) | Measure from the repeater service antenna, terminal receives the scope of signal probably from this repeater within it. |
| The indoor/outdoor designator | The indication repeater is indoor repeater or outdoor repeater. |
The parameter of the repeater in the table 2 is similar to the base station parameter in base station year calendar (BSA).As mentioned above, MAR can be used for discerning repeater in a kind of legacy network method.For complete repeater database, to compare with rough repeater database, repeater location is more accurate and the position uncertainty is littler.In the step 324 among Fig. 3 and 334, can provide the more accurate position of repeater and littler position uncertainty, estimate as terminal location.
For repeater identification that influenced by the repeater additional time delay and location determining method, complete repeater database also can comprise the parameter of listing in the table 3.
Table 3
| Parameter | Describe |
| The repeater inner time delay | Because the time delay that the internal circuit in the repeater is caused by repeater. |
| The base station is to the repeater time delay | Because the time delay of the transmission of donor signal from the donor base station to the repeater.This transmission can be by aerial, via coaxial or fiber optic cables or by some other means. |
The additional time delay of repeater is formed in repeater inner time delay and base station to the repeater time delay.This time delay information can be used in the step 342 among Fig. 3 with by measuring from removed the make-up time that additional time delay obtains repeater by the time measurement of terminal report.
For being subjected to by the signal strength signal intensity of repeaters transmit or the repeater identification and the location determining method of power influences, complete repeater database also can comprise the parameter of listing in the table 4.
Table 4
| Parameter | Describe |
| The relay services aerial information | Various types of information of relay services antenna, for example the gain, orientation, horizontal beam width (antenna aperture), vertical beam width, angle of declination or the like. |
| Donor base station is to the path loss of repeater | Path loss from the donor base station to the repeater.For the repeater of communicating by letter with donor base station via Radio Link, it also can obtain based on the information of the donor antenna that is used for transmitting to donor base station. |
| Donor signal power | Donor signal power at the antenna place of donor base station. |
The parameter that table 4 is listed can be used to determine by the power of repeater to the relaying donor signal of terminal emission.
Different repeater identification methods can rely on different information (for example time delay or power information) and discern repeater.In addition, different location determining method also can rely on the location estimation that different information obtains terminal.
The repeater database can be that such (1) has only rough information to obtain to each repeater in the network or (2) can obtain complete information to each repeater.The repeater database also can be " mixing " thus can obtain rough information and can obtain complete information some repeater other repeaters.For a hybrid repeater database, can be to obtain roughly or can obtain complete information with indication for this repeater for each repeater provides a rough/entire fields.Can obtain the location estimation of terminal based on the available rough or complete information of each repeater that receives by terminal.
This repeater database can be stored as an independent database or as the part of base station year calendar.The base station year calendar typically is included in various types of information of the base station in the network.
The indoor/outdoor repeater is determined
For the position deterministic process in shown in Figure 3, terminal is distinguished at an indoor or outdoor environment.This is because used different processes in Fig. 3, relies on it and is considered to be in indoor outdoor this terminal location estimation that obtains that still is in.
Can determine the environment of terminal in various manners.In one embodiment, in the repeater database, comprise an indoor/outdoor field for each repeater.It is an indoor repeater or an outdoor repeater that this field is used to refer to repeater.For each repeater in the database, if such ten-four, this field can be filled in the indoor/outdoor information of this repeater, otherwise this field can be empty.Can be when repeater be disposed or the repeater in the network is checked the time obtain this indoor/outdoor information of a given repeater.Just to think that from the signal of an indoor repeater this terminal is in indoor if terminal receives.Otherwise it is outdoor to think that this terminal is in.
In another embodiment, carrying out terminal based on the number of signals that is received by terminal is in indoor or is in and outdoor determine.For example, because typically can not be in indoor reception from the signal of gps satellite, or on very low power level, receive, if therefore do not have signal or have only signal seldom to receive from gps satellite, it is indoor just to think that terminal is in.If (1) low to think that also terminal is in indoor for the angle of visibility of low and/or (2) gps satellite of the received signal intensity of gps satellite.Similarly, it is indoor to think that based on the received signal intensity of number of signals that receives from the base station and/or base station terminal is in.
Signal strength threshold
For the position deterministic process shown in Fig. 3, enough near apart from a repeater if terminal is in outdoor, the position of this repeater can be used as the location estimation (step 332 and 334) of this terminal so.Whether can carry out terminal by repeater received signal intensity is compared with signal strength threshold from enough near the determining of repeater.This threshold value can be set in every way.
In one embodiment, the threshold setting of a given repeater is in the signal strength signal intensity of expecting to receive in the terminal at distance repeater particular range place by.For example, can set this threshold value based on the requirement that Federal Communications Committee (FCC) adopts about stipulating in the report of 911 (E-911) that strengthen and the rule.This FCC order request, at the technology based on mobile phone, in 50 meters, the calling for 95% is in 150 meters for 67% calling for the positioning accuracy of terminal.Thereby depend on that the uncertainty of expecting, this threshold value can be set in expectation by a signal strength signal intensity that receives in the terminal at distance repeater 50 or 150 meters in the terminal location of report is estimated.This threshold value also can be set on (promptly the most weak) power of the worst case of predicting from repeater 50 or 150 meters.This signal strength threshold is typically selected to such an extent that to add the interpolation threshold value of a new base station higher than being used for a Candidate Set into terminal routinely.Candidate Set comprises all base stations, and its signal is received with enough intensity by terminal and can be selected as to terminal emission data.The value that can be used for signal strength threshold that some is exemplary has-6dB ,-10dB and-13dB.Other values also can be used for this threshold value, and this is within the scope of the invention.
Same threshold value can be used for all repeaters in the network.As selection, different threshold values can be used for different repeaters.In this case, can set the threshold value that is used for each repeater based on power level in the relaying donor signal at relay services antenna place.Can determine this power output level based on being stored in the service antenna in the repeater database and the information (for example shown in the table 4) of path loss.For each repeater, also can in the repeater database, comprise a threshold field.This field can be used for storing the signal strength threshold of repeater.
Network entity
Fig. 4 shows base station 104x, the repeater 114x in network 100, the block diagram of the execution mode of terminal 106x and PDE 130.Base station 104x is the exemplary base in this network, and repeater 114x is an exemplary repeater, and terminal 106x is an exemplary terminal.Terminal 106x can be a cell phone, mobile phone, computer or some other unit of band radio modem.Base station 104x functionally is connected to PDE 130 via BSC 120, for the sake of simplicity not shown BSC 120 among Fig. 4.
On the forward link, base station 104x is to the emission of the terminal in its overlay area pilot tone, data and signaling.These various types of data are handled (for example encode, modulation, filtering, amplify and up-conversion) so that a forward link signal to be provided by a modulator/transmitter (Mod/TMTR) 420.Forward link signal sends through duplexer 422, launches to the terminal in 104x overlay area, base station by 424 processing of splitter unit and via antenna 426.
The splitter unit 424 of repeater 114x from donor base station 104x receives forward link signal.In repeater 114x, forward link signal sends through duplexer 430, is regulated by regulon 432, launches to the terminal in repeater 114x overlay area through duplexer 434 transmissions and via antenna 436.Antenna 436 is service antenna of repeater.
Terminal 106x receives the forward link signal from zero or a plurality of base station (for example base station 104x) and zero or a plurality of repeater (for example repeater 114x) at antenna 452 places.Receiver input signal from antenna 542 can comprise a plurality of forward link signals that receive from a plurality of transmitters like this, and wherein each transmitter can be base station or repeater.The receiver input signal sends through duplexer 454, is received machine/demodulator (RCVR/Demod) 456 processing and can be used for the definite various types of information of repeater/identification of base stations and position to provide.Especially, RCVR/Demod 456 can provide time measurement and signal strength measurement for detected each forward link signal in the receiver input signal.RCVR/Demod 456 can be implemented as a Rake receiver, and it can handle a plurality of signal examples (or multi-path component) of a plurality of base stations and repeater concomitantly.Rake receiver comprises a plurality of demodulation processors (or rake refer to), and they each can be distributed and handled and follow the trail of a specific multi-path component.
On reverse link, terminal 106x can be to reference base station (for example base station 104x) emission data, pilot tone and/or signaling.For example, terminal 106x can beam back time and the signal strength measurement that carries out on the forward link signal that is received by terminal.Modulated device/the transmitter of various types of data (Mod/TMTR) 464 is handled so that reverse link signal to be provided, and it sends through duplexer 454 and launches from antenna 452 then.
Repeater 114x can receive the reverse link signal of self terminal 106x at antenna 436 places.Receiver input signal from antenna 436 sends through duplexer 436, is conditioned unit 438 and regulates, and sends and send to donor base station 104x through duplexer 430.
Base station 104x also can receive the reverse link signal of self terminal 106x at antenna 426 places.Receiver input signal from antenna 426 passes through splitter unit 424, sends through duplexer 422, and offers receiver/demodulator (RCVR/Demod) 428.RCVR/Demod 428 handles the receiver input signal so that various types of information to be provided in the mode of complementation then, and next these information can be provided for processor 410.For example, RCVR/Demod428 can recover time and the signal strength measurement by terminal 106x transmission.RCVR/Demod428 also can be provided in time and the signal strength measurement that carries out from the reverse link signal of terminal 106x reception.
For the execution mode shown in Fig. 4, the communication in the 104x of base station (Comm) port 414 functionally is connected to (for example via BSC 120) communication port 476 in PDE 130.The information that communication port 414 and 476 allows base station 104x and PDE 130 relevant repeater/identification of base stations of exchange and position to determine.Some of this information can be the measurement that receives from terminal 106x.
As mentioned above, generally, the definite of repeater and identification of base stations and terminal location can be undertaken by terminal 106x, base station 104x, PDE 130 or some other network entity.Carry out the entity of determining in repeater/identification of base stations and/or position and provide relevant information.Such information can comprise, for example, a series of forward link signals that receive by terminal 106x, the time of these forward link signals and signal strength measurement, from the repeater database for information about or the like.
Can implement by the processor in terminal 106x 460, processor 410 or the processor in PDE 130 470 in the 104x of base station the processing that the forward link signal that is received by terminal 106x carries out repeater and identification of base stations and obtains the location estimation of terminal.Memory cell 462,412 and 472 can be used to store and is used for various types of information that repeater/base station and position are determined.This information can comprise, for example, the forward link signal tabulation that receives by terminal 106x, the time of these signals and signal strength measurement, from repeater database and base station year calendar for information about or the like.Memory cell 412,462 and 472 also can be respectively processor 410,460 and 470 program code stored and data.Repeater database among the PDE 130 can be used to the information of the repeater in the storage networking, the parameter information of listing among for example above-mentioned table 1-4.The base station year calendar can be stored in database 474 or the memory 472.
Method and apparatus described here can be realized by the variety of way such as hardware, software or its combination.Realize that for hardware this method and apparatus can be realized in the one or more application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)s (ASIC) that are designed to carry out function described here, digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processor spare (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other electronic unit or its combination.
Realize that for software method described here can realize with the module (for example process, function etc.) of carrying out function described here.Software code can be stored in the memory cell (for example the memory cell among Fig. 4 412,462 or 472) and and carry out by processor (for example processor 410,460 or 470).Memory cell can realize in processor or outside the processor, in this case, can memory cell be connected to processor communicatedly by mode as known in the art.
Above description to disclosed execution mode is used for making any those of ordinary skill of this area can both implement or use the present invention.Various modifications to these execution modes are quite tangible to those skilled in the art, and can be applied to other execution mode in the General Principle of this definition, and do not break away from essence of the present invention and scope.Therefore, the present invention is intended to limiting at the execution mode shown in this, but meets and principle disclosed herein and novel feature the widest corresponding to scope.
Claims (25)
1. one kind is carried out the method that the position is determined in the cordless communication network of a tape relay device, comprising:
Identification is from a repeater by the signal that a wireless terminal receives;
Obtain a position of described repeater; And
If can not obtain the more accurate location estimation of this terminal, provide the location estimation of the position of described repeater as described terminal.
2. method according to claim 1 further comprises:
If can not obtain the more accurate location estimation of this terminal, provide a position uncertainty of described repeater uncertainty of location estimation as described terminal.
3. method according to claim 1, thereby wherein owing to lack the more accurate location estimation that the additional time delay information relevant with described repeater can not obtain described terminal.
4. method according to claim 1, thereby wherein owing to lack the more accurate location estimation that the measurement that this terminal is carried out the trilateration requirement can not obtain described terminal.
5. method according to claim 1 further comprises:
Determine that described terminal is in an indoor or outdoor environment; And
If think that this terminal is in indoor environment, the location estimation of the position of described repeater as described terminal be provided.
6. method according to claim 5 if wherein described repeater is an indoor repeater, thinks that described terminal is in an indoor environment.
7. method according to claim 5, the wherein said quantity of determining based on the signal that receives from satellite and base station by described terminal.
8. method according to claim 1 further comprises:
Received signal intensity and a threshold with described repeater; And
If described received signal intensity surpasses described threshold value, provide the location estimation of the position of described repeater as described terminal.
9. method according to claim 8 is wherein set described threshold value based on the repeater signal receiving intensity of expecting in a particular range place of the described repeater of distance.
10. method according to claim 1, wherein relevant with described repeater additional time delay information is available, described method further comprises:
The time measurement of handling described repeater is to remove the additional time delay relevant with this repeater; And
The time measurement of at least two other transmitters that receive based on the time measurement of the described repeater of having removed additional time delay and by described terminal obtains the more accurate location estimation of this terminal.
11. method according to claim 1, wherein said identification is based on being used for from pseudo random number (PN) sequence of the signal of described repeater reception.
12. method according to claim 1, wherein said identification is based on the modulating characteristic of the signal that receives from described repeater.
13. method according to claim 1, wherein said identification is based on the time measurement of the signal that receives from described repeater that obtains in described end.
14. method according to claim 1, wherein said identification is based on the signal strength measurement of the signal that receives from described repeater that obtains in described end.
15. method according to claim 1, wherein said cordless communication network are cdma networks.
16. the equipment in the cordless communication network of a tape relay device comprises:
Be used to discern a signal that receives by a wireless terminal and be device from a repeater;
Be used to obtain the device of a position of described repeater; And
If be used for to obtain a more accurate location estimation of this terminal, provide the device of the position of described repeater as the location estimation of described terminal.
17. equipment according to claim 16 further comprises:
Be used for determining that described terminal is in an indoor or device of an outdoor environment; And
If be used for thinking that this terminal is in an indoor environment, the device of the position of described repeater as the location estimation of described terminal be provided.
18. equipment according to claim 16 further comprises:
Be used for received signal intensity and the device that threshold value compares with described repeater; And
Surpass described threshold value if be used for described received signal intensity, the device of the position of described repeater as the location estimation of described terminal is provided.
19. equipment according to claim 16 further comprises:
Be used to handle the time measurement of described repeater to remove the device of the additional time delay relevant with this repeater; And
Be used for the time measurement of at least two other transmitters receiving based on the time measurement of the described repeater of having removed additional time delay and by described terminal, obtain the device of the more accurate location estimation of this terminal.
20. a program that is included on a kind of tangible storage medium, this program comprise executable instruction with:
Identification is from a repeater by the signal that a wireless terminal receives;
Obtain a position of described repeater; And
If can not obtain the more accurate location estimation of this terminal, provide the location estimation of the position of described repeater as described terminal.
21. the equipment in the cordless communication network of a tape relay device comprises:
A memory cell, the database of information that can store this repeater in this network; And
A processor, can discern a signal that is received by a wireless terminal is from a repeater, obtain a position of described repeater from described database, and if a more accurate location estimation that can not obtain this terminal the location estimation of the position of described repeater as described terminal is provided.
22. equipment according to claim 21, wherein said database are included in each position and position uncertainty of at least one repeater in the described network.
23. equipment according to claim 22, if the more accurate location estimation that wherein said processor further can obtain the position uncertainty of described repeater and can not obtain this terminal provides the uncertainty of this position uncertainty as the location estimation of described terminal.
24. one kind is used for carrying out the method that the position is determined at the cdma communication network of a tape relay device, comprises:
The transmitter of each of at least one signal that identification is received by wireless terminal is repeater or base station; And
If signal is from the repeater of an identification, if if simultaneously can not obtain a more accurate location estimation of this terminal or think that this terminal is in an indoor environment, the position of repeater that this identification is provided so is as the location estimation of described terminal.
25. method according to claim 24 further comprises:
If the received signal intensity of the repeater of described identification surpasses a threshold value, the position of repeater that this identification is provided is as the location estimation of described terminal.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US45218203P | 2003-03-03 | 2003-03-03 | |
| US60/452,182 | 2003-03-03 | ||
| US10/792,162 | 2004-03-02 |
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| CN1778135A true CN1778135A (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200480010626 Pending CN1778135A (en) | 2003-03-03 | 2004-03-03 | Method and apparatus for performing position determination in a wireless communication network with repeaters. |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102472808A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-05-23 | 高通股份有限公司 | Positioning in the presence of passive distributed elements |
| US8666428B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2014-03-04 | Alcatel Lucent | Method to support user location in in-structure coverage systems |
| CN105554842A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 深圳大学 | Search method and search system for best communication location of multiple mobile relays |
| CN107690816A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-02-13 | 高通股份有限公司 | The support positioned to the OTDOA using fuzzy cell |
| US10051593B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2018-08-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Positioning reference signal (PRS) generation for multiple transmit antenna systems |
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- 2004-03-03 CN CN 200480010626 patent/CN1778135A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8666428B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2014-03-04 | Alcatel Lucent | Method to support user location in in-structure coverage systems |
| CN102472808A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-05-23 | 高通股份有限公司 | Positioning in the presence of passive distributed elements |
| CN103543435A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2014-01-29 | 高通股份有限公司 | Positioning in the presence of passive distributed elements |
| CN103543435B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2016-08-10 | 高通股份有限公司 | Location in the presence of passive distributed component |
| US10051593B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2018-08-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Positioning reference signal (PRS) generation for multiple transmit antenna systems |
| CN107690816A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-02-13 | 高通股份有限公司 | The support positioned to the OTDOA using fuzzy cell |
| CN105554842A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 深圳大学 | Search method and search system for best communication location of multiple mobile relays |
| CN105554842B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-10-12 | 深圳大学 | A kind of method for searching and hunting system of more mobile relay optimal communications position |
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