CN1775466A - Method for manufacturing electromagnetic pure iron cold-rolled sheet material with low coercive force and high magnetoconductivity - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing electromagnetic pure iron cold-rolled sheet material with low coercive force and high magnetoconductivity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing low-coercivity high-magnetoconductivity electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet. It includes the following steps: 1. making slab with optimized component, utilizing molten iron pretreatment, top and bottom double-blow converter smelting and vacuum refining process, the composition of finished product molten steel includes: C is less than or equal to 0.010%. Si is less than or equal to 0.10%, Mn is less than or equal to 0.20%. P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.010%, A=0.50%-0.80%, [O] and [N] and less than 40 ppm, electrolytic inclusion is less than 60 ppm and the rest is Fe, casting slab; 2. hot-rolling slab at 830-890deg.C to obtain hot-rolled slab whose thickness is 2.0-8.0mm, rolling up at 680-750deg.C; 3. cold-rolling and forming to obtain thin steel sheet; and 4. magnetic heat treatment at 900-980deg.C so as to obtain the invented product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method.
Background technology
The electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet is the good specific function material of a kind of indispensable soft magnet performance, and it is widely used in relay, magnetic screen, magnetic valve, direct current generator and various instrument, instrument.According to GB/T6985-86, the electromagnetic pure iron cold-rolled steel sheet is divided into four trades mark from low to high by magnetic property, i.e. DT4, DT4A, DT4E and DT4C, and wherein the soft magnet performance of DT4C is best, i.e. low, the maximum permeability μ of coercivity H
mThe highest, B is higher for the low-intensity magnetic field magnetic strength.It is many to influence pure iron cold-reduced sheet magnetic factor, influences the mechanism complexity, and principal element has form and distribution, hot rolling technology, cold roller and deformed rate and the Technology for Heating Processing etc. of chemical composition, field trash total amount, field trash.Electromagnetic pure iron cold drawing coercivity H and maximum permeability μ
mInfluence factor and Analysis on Mechanism: the coercivity H of soft magnetic materials derives from growing up of nuclei of reversed domain and irreversible two factors, coercitive size and domain wall energy, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant K of moving of neticdomain wall
1Basically relation in direct ratio.The factor that the obstruction domain wall moves has crystal texture, internal stress, mixes (impurity, field trash, crystallite dimension) and main component, also needs to consider the influence of steel plate thickness and surface state for sheet material.
According to stress theory, distortion of lattice, machining, calendering are rolling, magnetostriction and shock heating quenching can cause that all the internal stress of material raises, thereby the energy that causes material increases (magnetoelastic energy, wall energy and demagnetization energy), hinders neticdomain wall and moves.Any factor of internal stress that causes can cause that all coercivity increases.
Impurity, field trash distort crystal lattice, cause magnetostatic energy and magnetoelastic energy to increase, and the domain wall moving resistance increases, and the magnetization difficulty is mingled with this simultaneously as non magnetic or weak magnetic substance, causes Hc to increase.It has been generally acknowledged that Hc and field trash size are inversely proportional to, be directly proportional that when being mingled with size (diameter) d and domain wall (thickness) when δ is close during 100～200 nanometers, the ability that field trash pinning domain wall moves is the strongest with The amount of inclusions.Field trash needle-like (as nitride) is bigger than spherical influence to Hc.C, N, S impurity are the most harmful to the Hc of pure iron cold drawing, and grain growth when the MnS of small and dispersed, AlN, TiN, TiC, ZrN precipitate obviously hinder annealing is mingled with (111) the texture component that also makes the magnetic difference and increases.Crystallite dimension and coercivity have certain corresponding relation.The dot matrix at crystal boundary place distorts.Crystal defect is many, and internal stress is just big, and when average crystal grain diameter was big, the crystal boundary area occupied reduced, and coercivity reduces.
The chemical composition of soft magnetic materials is the principal element of decision magnetic, magnetocrystalline anisotropy K
1Little and the big material of Ms has lower coercivity.
The influence of pure iron sheet metal thickness and surface quality.The steel plate reduced thickness, the wall energy on the unit domain wall area on surperficial free pole energy (magnetostatic energy) and 180 ° of farmlands increases, and the domain wall moving resistance strengthens; Thin specification DT4C cold drawing surface roughness increases, and surperficial free pole can be increased; Cause the surface oxidation of sample after the magnetic heat treatment, the adhesive stress of oxide skin and matrix and oxide skin all can cause coercivity H to increase to the harmful effect of magnetic.
Maximum permeability μ
mBe the maximum permeability on the B-H magnetization curve, or be maximum on μ-H curve, μ
m=(B/H) max.The magnetic susceptibility μ of the irreversible process of magnetization of soft magnetic materials
iFollowing rule: μ is arranged
i=∝ Ms
2/ λ s
-1σ
-1Or μ
i=∝ Ms
2K
1 -1/2
Therefore, pure iron cold-reduced sheet material is in order to obtain high maximum permeability μ
m, should control by the following aspects: the saturation magnetization or the saturation induction density Bs that improve material; Reduce magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant K
1With magnetostriction λ s; Reduce the stress gradient among material the internal stress σ, particularly material; Reduce field trash and amount of impurities in the material, promote the field trash alligatoring; Improve magnetic domain width and neticdomain wall thickness ratio, i.e. grain coarsening.Help reducing the maximum permeability that coercitive factor is suitable for improving material too.The factor that influences electromagnetic pure iron cold-reduced sheet magnetic property is many, and the mechanism complexity, and the existing conventional manufacture method is difficult to reach requirement.Present domestic electromagnetic pure iron cold-reduced sheet product mostly is DT4E (accounting for 80～85%) greatly, all the other are DT4A and DT4C in a small amount, and the problem that exists on the technology is that the composition design is unreasonable and the Composition Control hit rate is low, purity of steel is lower, the finished product crystal grain after hot rolling finish to gauge and coiling temperature low (being respectively 830 ℃ and 580 ℃), the magnetic annealing carefully (5～7 grades).The Japanese in the world thickness specification that adopts the secondary cold-rolling method can produce Hc=16～28A/m is the cold-reduced sheet of 1.2～6.0mm, trade mark EFE3A.But secondary cold-rolling explained hereafter link is many, and production efficiency is low, and finished product rate is low, requires also high to manufacturing equipment.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of existing electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method, the invention provides the high method for manufacturing electromagnetic pure iron cold-rolled sheet material with low coercive force and high magnetoconductivity of a kind of production efficiency.
Technical conceive of the present invention is based on the influence mechanism of each factor to electromagnetic pure iron cold drawing magnetic, adopt at the electromagnetic pure iron cold-reduced sheet on the basis of once cold rolling method, be optimized to and be grouped into, improve the content of favourable element aluminum, reduce and control impurity element and assorted folder thing content, optimize hot rolling, cold rolling and heat treatment method, promote material clip foreign material alligatoring and grain coarsening, reduce the material internal stress, improve magnetic property.
Electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method of the present invention comprises following successively step:
One makes the slab of optimizing composition
When a smelts, C, N, O, S element and impurity content thereof that control is harmful to magnetic, the alloy content of Al in the raising steel, the composition of finished product molten steel is:
C≤0.010％ Si≤0.10％ Mn≤0.20％ P≤0.015％，
S≤0.010％ A＝0.50％～0.80％ [O]＜40ppm [N]＜40ppm
Electrolysis is mingled with＜60ppm all the other be Fe.
The b sheet billet continuous casting becomes the slab of 220mm * 1060mm * 8680mm.
Two coils of hot-rolled steel
The a hot rolling
High-temperature final rolling is rolled into the hot rolled steel plate that thickness is 2.0～8.0mm at 830～900 ℃.
B high temperature batches
The hot rolled steel plate coiling temperature is 680～750 ℃.
Because finish to gauge and coiling temperature height, promoted the recovery and the recrystal grain of hot-rolled steel plate Deformation structure to grow up, hot rolled steel plate be organized as the perfect recrystallization tissue, grain size is 4～6 grades.
Three cold rolling moulding
The cold rolling one-tenth sheet metal of coils of hot-rolled steel, cold rolling distortion total amount is 20～70%, under the prerequisite that obtains good rolling accuracy and plate shape, the cold deformation overall control 30～50%.
Four magnetic heat treatments
Check the sample of cold rolling finished product magnetic to adopt vacuum or the anti-oxidation heat-treatment furnace of atmosphere protection, handle, do not need to adopt decarburizing atmosphere in 4 hours magnetic Technology for Heating Processing of 900～980 ℃ of insulations.Obtain the grain structure of alligatoring, promptly grain size number can reach 0～4 grade, and magnetic property reaches the requirement of DT4C trade mark low-coercivity high magnetic permeability.
During smelting, can pass through molten iron preliminary treatment, top and bottom combined blown converter smelting and vacuum refining successively, make the finished product molten steel reach requirement.When vacuum refining, maximum vacuum≤4mbar keeps 8～10min, decarburization time 18min, and application of vacuum total time 34-36min, effect is preferable.
The suitability for industrialized production of low-coercivity, high magnetic permeability electromagnetic pure iron cold-reduced sheet manufacture method is used, and makes the DT4C cold-reduced sheet realize mass industrialized production, can satisfy accuracy, sensitivity and the reliability materials needs of domestic hard-core technology product.Adopt method of the present invention, the magnetic property of electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material reaches the requirement of the GB/T6985-86 DT4C trade mark, and coercivity H reaches 16～32A/m, maximum permeability μ
m=0.0151～0.0269H/m.Electromagnetic pure iron DT4C cold-reduced sheet manufacture method will provide reliable guarantee to the demand of high-quality pure iron cold-reduced sheet for the domestic user, help improving the associated terminal product quality level.Compare with secondary cold-rolling technology, adopt once cold rolling technology to help shortened process, obtain higher production efficiency.
The specific embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment manufacturing be electromagnetic pure iron GB/T6985-86 DT4C cold-reduced sheet, present embodiment comprises the steps:
One makes the slab of optimizing composition
A controls C, N, O, S element and the impurity content thereof harmful to magnetic successively by molten iron preliminary treatment, top and bottom combined blown converter smelting and vacuum refining (RH), and the composition of finished product molten steel is:
C＝0.005％ Si＝0.03％ Mn＝0.12％ P＝0.007％ S＝0.005％
The Al=0.55% electrolysis is mingled with 65ppm, wherein Al
2O
3Be mingled with 10ppm, gas content [O], [N]＜40ppm, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Process for vacuum refining: maximum vacuum≤4mbar keeps 8～10min, decarburization time 18min, application of vacuum total time 34min.
The b sheet billet continuous casting
In 1552 ℃ of temperature of bag, pulling rate 8.6m/min casts the slab of 220mm * 1060mm * 8680mm.
Two coils of hot-rolled steel
The a hot rolling
Slab is heated to 1210 ℃ in walking beam furnace, on the 1549mm continuous hot-rolling mill, is rolled, 864 ℃ of finishing temperatures, hot rolled steel plate thickness is 2.0mm, hot rolled steel plate be organized as the perfect recrystallization tissue, grain size is 5 grades.
B high temperature batches
The hot rolled steel plate coiling temperature is 689 ℃.
Three cold rolling moulding
The coil of strip pickling is after the sheet metal of the thick 1.0mm of the cold rolling one-tenth of 20 roller sendzimir mills.
Four magnetic heat treatments
Pack into the vacuum drying oven annealing of cold-reduced sheet finished product magnetic sample, be warmed up to 900 ℃ of insulations 4 hours with vacuum drying oven, cool off to going out vacuum drying oven below 500 ℃, check magnetic with vacuum drying oven.The product magnetic property is that coercivity and maximum permeability reach the requirement of the GB/T6985-86 DT4C trade mark.
The electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method of present embodiment can adopt different deflections rolling, takes 60%, 50% and 25% deflection when cold rolling, is rolled into the sheet metal that thickness is 0.8mm, 1.0mm and 1.5mm, and end properties sees Table 1,
Table 1
| Trimmed size (mm) | Cold deformation rate (%) | Coercivity H (A/m) | Magnetic strength (T) | Maximum permeability μ m (H/m) | Sample grain size number after the magnetic annealing | The magnetic heat treat characteristics | |||
| B5 | B10 | B50 | B100 | ||||||
| 0.8 | 60 | 30.0 | 1.42 | 1.52 | 1.72 | 1.82 | 0.0195 | 3～4 grades | 900℃×4h |
| 1.0 | 50 | 29.5 | 1.46 | 1.56 | 1.75 | 1.86 | 0.0157 | ||
| 1.5 | 25 | 31.0 | 1.48 | 1.56 | 1.76 | 1.84 | 0.0162 | ||
Embodiment two
The present embodiment manufacturing be electromagnetic pure iron GB/T6985-86 DT4C cold-reduced sheet, the following successively step of present embodiment:
One makes the slab of optimizing composition
A controls C, N, O, S element and the impurity content thereof harmful to magnetic successively by molten iron preliminary treatment, top and bottom combined blown converter smelting and vacuum refining (RH), and the composition of finished product molten steel is:
C＝0.004％ Si＝0.03％ Mn＝0.14％ P＝0.012％
S=0.006% Al=0.59% electrolysis is mingled with wherein Al of 59ppm
2O
3Be mingled with 6ppm
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities for gas content [O]＜40ppm [N]＜40ppm.
Process for vacuum refining: maximum vacuum≤4mbar keeps 8～10min, decarburization time 18min,
Application of vacuum total time 36min.
The d sheet billet continuous casting
1555 ℃ of middle bag temperature, pulling rate 8.7m/min, casting blank specification: 220mm * 1060mm * 8680mm.
Two coils of hot-rolled steel
The a hot rolling
Strand is heated to 1210 ℃ in walking beam furnace, on the 1549mm continuous hot-rolling mill, is rolled, 893 ℃ of finishing temperatures, hot rolled steel plate thickness is 4.0mm.Hot rolled steel plate be organized as the perfect recrystallization tissue, grain size is 4 grades.
B high temperature batches
The hot rolled steel plate coiling temperature is 735 ℃.
Three cold rolling moulding
After the coil of strip pickling, through the sheet metal of the cold rolling one-tenth thickness of 20 roller sendzimir mills 2.0mm.
Four magnetic heat treatments
Pack into the vacuum drying oven annealing of cold-reduced sheet finished product magnetic sample, be warmed up to 980 ℃ of insulations 4 hours with vacuum drying oven, cool off to going out vacuum drying oven below 500 ℃, check magnetic with vacuum drying oven.The product magnetic property reaches the DT4C trade mark.
The electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method of present embodiment can adopt different deflections rolling, takes 50% and 37.5% deflection when cold rolling, is rolled into the sheet metal that thickness is 2.0mm and 2.5mm, and rolling end properties sees Table 2.
Table 2
| Trimmed size (mm) | Cold deformation rate (%) | Coercivity H (A/m) | Magnetic strength (T) | Maximum permeability μ m (H/m) | Sample grain size number after the magnetic annealing | The magnetic heat treat characteristics | |||
| B5 | B10 | B50 | B100 | ||||||
| 2.0 | 50 | 23.0 | 1.50 | 1.57 | 1.73 | 1.84 | 0.0269 | 1.5～2 grades | 980℃×4h |
| 2.5 | 37.5 | 25.0 | 1.52 | 1.58 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 0.0236 | ||
Can adopt other smelting process, make molten steel composition reach the requirement of the present invention the finished product molten steel.
Annotate: B5 refers to the magnetic strength of magnetic field intensity when 500A/m, and B10 refers to the magnetic strength of magnetic field intensity when 1000A/m, and the rest may be inferred.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method for manufacturing electromagnetic pure iron cold-rolled sheet material with low coercive force and high magnetoconductivity, it comprises following step successively:
One makes the slab of optimizing composition
When a smelts, C, N, O, S element and impurity content thereof that control is harmful to magnetic, the alloy content of Al in the raising steel, the composition of finished product molten steel is:
C≤0.010％ Si≤0.10％ Mn≤0.20％ P≤0.015％，
S≤0.010％ A＝0.50％～0.80％ [O]＜40ppm [N]＜40ppm
Electrolysis is mingled with＜60ppm all the other be Fe;
The b sheet billet continuous casting;
Two coils of hot-rolled steel
The a hot rolling
High-temperature final rolling is rolled into the hot rolled steel plate that thickness is 2.0～8.0mm at 830～900 ℃;
B high temperature batches
Hot rolled steel plate batches at 680～750 ℃, hot rolled steel plate be organized as the perfect recrystallization tissue, grain size is 4～6 grades;
Three cold rolling moulding
The cold rolling one-tenth sheet metal of coil of strip, cold rolling distortion total amount is 20～70%;
Four magnetic heat treatments
Finished product adopts vacuum or the anti-oxidation heat-treatment furnace of atmosphere protection, handles in 3～5 hours magnetic Technology for Heating Processing of 900～980 ℃ of insulations, obtains the grain structure of alligatoring, and grain size number reaches 0～4 grade.
2, electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cold deformation total amount is 30～50%.
3, electromagnetic pure iron flat cold-rolled sheet material manufacturing method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: smelting process is, successively by molten iron preliminary treatment, top and bottom combined blown converter smelting and vacuum refining, during vacuum refining, maximum vacuum≤4mbar keeps 8～10min, decarburization time 18min, application of vacuum total time 34-36min.
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| US8366845B2 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2013-02-05 | Ethicon, Inc. | Rapid thermal treatment for enhancing bending stiffness and yield moment of curved needles |
| CN103205548A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-17 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of low-coercive force electromagnetic pure ion cold-rolled sheet |
| CN106191410A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-07 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of method improving electromagnetic pure iron hot rolled plate pcrmeability |
| CN107794458A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Exempt from magnetized electromagnetic pure iron and its manufacture method with high warping resistance characteristic |
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| US5665178A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1997-09-09 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Method of manufacturing grain-oriented silicon steel sheet having excellent magnetic characteristics |
| JPH08246052A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-09-24 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Production of nonoriented silicon steel sheet |
| CN1170941A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 1998-01-21 | 上海钢铁研究所 | Soft magnetic alloy rod with high magnetic induction strength, high magnetic conductivity, high resistivity, low coercive force, low residual magnetism and density |
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| CN107794458B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-09-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Exempt from magnetized electromagnetic pure iron and its manufacturing method with highly resistance bending characteristic |
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