CN1773943A - 通信网节点故障监测方法 - Google Patents

通信网节点故障监测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1773943A
CN1773943A CNA2004100909167A CN200410090916A CN1773943A CN 1773943 A CN1773943 A CN 1773943A CN A2004100909167 A CNA2004100909167 A CN A2004100909167A CN 200410090916 A CN200410090916 A CN 200410090916A CN 1773943 A CN1773943 A CN 1773943A
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Prior art keywords
fault
software
hardware
alarm
server
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CN100466557C (zh
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徐莹
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种通信网节点故障监测方法，用于实现对接入网认证、授权和计费AN－AAA服务器及其与接入网间通信链路A12所构成的系统故障的监测。该方法步骤包括：源侧接入网向所述服务器发送接入请求消息；判断在预置的等待时长内是否收到所述服务器回应消息，若没有收到，进行硬件故障告警处理；若收到判断所述回应消息是否为接入允许消息，若不是则进行软件故障告警处理。该方法的利用了系统中已有的A12标准接口，通过对链路接口标准命令的判断，实现对AN－AAA服务器及其通信链路A12所构成系统的硬件故障及软件故障的实时监测，进而可以帮助维护人员及时排除故障，有利于缩短系统故障的修复时间，将因AN－AAA服务器及其链路A12故障所带来的影响降低。

Description

通信网节点故障监测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信系统中的故障监测方法，尤其是用于CDMA 1XEV-DO网络中接入网认证、授权和计费AN-AAA服务器及所述服务器与接入网间A12链路所构成的接入网认证、授权和计费系统的故障监测方法。
背景技术
尽管CDMA 1X可提供153.6Kbps的数据传输链路，但仍不能完全满足人们高速访问互联网的要求。因此，业界开发出了CDMA 1X EV-DO的解决方案。改进型单独传送数据的码分多址技术(CDMA 1X EV-DO，CDMA EvolutionDate Only)是目前较为成熟、下载速率较大并已有商用经验的移动数据通信技术，它与CDMA 1x相比有两大优点：峰值速率高；容量大，可支持的用户多，上网速率可达2.4Mbps。
在IP网络中，数据分组的选路基于节点的IP地址，在蜂窝网和个人通信网中，呼叫的选路基于国际移动用户识别符或移动识别号码(IMSI/MIN)，在CDMA 1X EV-DO网络中，选路不需要IMSI/MIN，所以1X EV-DO接入终端不需要提前分配IMSI/MIN。无线分组(R-P，Radio-Packet)会话在无线网络控制器(RNC，Radio Network Control)和分组数据业务节点(PDSN，PacketData Serving Node)之间的切换需要另外的解决方案。为了能在连接于同一个PDSN的不同RNC/BSC之间传送会话，移动终端的IMSI应该始终保持不变。
由于移动终端没有IMSI，当RNC在移动终端和PDSN之间开始一个会话时，就给移动终端分配一个IMSI。在CDMA 1X EV-DO的标准中引入了一个新的接口A12，它是RNC和接入网认证、授权和计费(AN-AAA，AccessNet-Authentication Authorization Accounting)服务器之间的接口。图1为CDMA 1X EV-DO的网络结构图。AN-AAA有两个功能：完成对移动终端的鉴权；在它的鉴权接受消息中向RNC返送一个IMSI值，这个IMSI用于RNC与PDSN建立R-P会话。
若在CDMA 1X EV-DO网络中没有AN-AAA服务器，则CDMA 1X EV-DO的RNC和CDMA 1X的BSC之间无法完成R-P会话切换，移动终端只能依靠移动IP来保持它的IP地址在穿过网络边缘时不变。如果网络没有移动IP功能，在移动终端通过网络边缘时，必须分配新的IP地址，部署AN-AAA服务器有利于快速切换和改善移动终端通过网络边缘时的性能。
现有技术中通过用标准命令ping通AN-AAA服务器的IP地址实现对A12链路及AN-AAA服务器硬件故障的监测。所谓ping命令是让目前所在的主机向目标主机发送一个“数据包”，目标主机在接收到这个“数据包”时会立即自动反馈一个数据包，以此来表示主机间通信的畅通。若从AN无法ping通AN-AAA服务器的IP地址，则该服务器或其与接入网之间的通信链路A12存在故障。在现有技术的基础上，周期性的应用ping命令向目标主机发送“数据包”，可以实现对AN-AAA服务器及其与接入网之间的通信链路A12所构成的系统故障的实时监测，但现有技术只能对该系统的硬件故障实现实时监测，而无法实现对应用层软件的实时监测，对于软件的故障仍然需要通过人为的检测。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种故障监测方法，该方法可以实现对接入网认证、授权和计费AN-AAA服务器及其与接入网间通信链路A12所构成的接入网认证、授权和计费系统硬件故障及软件故障的实时监测。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种通信网节点故障监测方法，用于实现对接入网认证、授权和计费AN-AAA服务器及其与接入网间通信链路A12所构成的系统故障的监测，具体步骤为：
1)源侧接入网向所述服务器发送接入请求消息；
2)判断在预置的等待时长内是否收到所述服务器回应消息，若没有收到，进行硬件故障告警处理；若收到则进行步骤3)；
3)判断所述回应消息是否为接入允许消息，若不是则进行软件故障告警处理。
在步骤2)中，所述硬件故障告警处理的过程进一步包括：判断是否需要发送硬件故障告警，以及当需要发送硬件故障告警时发送硬件故障告警的步骤。
若判断不进行硬件故障告警时，可以将预置的硬件故障计数器累加一个单位值。在步骤2)中进行硬件故障告警或步骤3)中判断回应消息为接入允许消息后，将所述计数器值置零。根据本方法中对计数器的设置，步骤2)中所包括的判断是否需要发送硬件故障告警的步骤具体为：判断所述硬件故障计数器的值是否大于预置的最大硬件故障次数，若大于预置的最大硬件故障次数则需要进行硬件故障告警，否则不需要进行硬件故障告警。
在步骤3)中，所述软件故障告警处理的过程进一步包括：判断是否需要发送软件故障告警，以及当需要发送软件故障告警时发送软件故障告警的步骤。
若判断不进行软件故障告警，可以将预置的软件故障计数器累加一个单位值，在步骤3)中判断回应消息为接入允许消息后或进行软件故障告警，将所述计数器值置零。根据本方法对计数器的设置，步骤3)中所包括的判断是否需要发送软件故障告警的步骤具体为：判断所述软件故障计数器的值是否大于预置的最大软件故障次数，若大于预置的最大软件故障次数则需要进行软件故障告警，否则不需要进行软件故障告警。
步骤1)之前，在接入网认证、授权和计费服务器中预置专用于监测所述服务器和通信链路A12故障的虚拟用户，该虚拟用户资源不提供给实际的用户使用。
本发明的步骤1)具体为源侧接入网向主服务器发送接入请求消息；在步骤3)中判断为接入允许消息后，则源侧接入网向备服务器发送接入请求消息，并返回步骤2)，以继续监测备用服务器是否出现故障。
本方法中所称的接入请求消息、接入允许消息为通信链路A12的标准接口消息。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：该方法的利用了系统中已有的A12标准接口，通过对链路接口标准命令的判断，实现对接入网认证、授权和计费AN-AAA服务器及其通信链路A12所构成系统的硬件故障及软件故障的实时监测，进而可以将初步的故障定位及时告知维护人员，从而可以帮助维护人员及时排除故障，有利于缩短系统故障的修复时间，将因AN-AAA服务器及其链路A12故障所带来的影响降低。
附图说明
图1为CDMA 1X EV-DO的网络结构图；
图2为用于故障实时监测的消息流程图；
图3为本发明实现故障实时监测的一较佳实施例流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种对接入网认证、授权和计费AN-AAA服务器及其通信链路A12的硬件及软件故障的实时监测的方法，该方法的核心在于利用了系统中已有的A12标准接口，通过对链路接口标准命令的判断，实现对故障的实时监测。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本方法一较佳实施例的实现方式为：
在AN-AAA服务器上设立一个保留的虚拟用户，该用户不分配给实际的用户使用，只用于故障检测；
在AN中增加如下功能：设置一个监测定时器及监测时长，设置一用于计算等待AN-AAA服务器回应消息时长的等待定时器及该定时器的等待时长，所述的监测定时器的监测时长大于所述的等待时长，并且监测定时器属于周期定时器；分别预置因软件及硬件故障导致消息重发的最大重发次数。监测定时器定时触发AN向AN-AAA服务器发送该虚拟用户的A12Access-Request，用以监测AN-AAA服务器的可用性，其消息流程图如图2所示。
参照图3所示的本发明一较佳实施例的流程，本方法包括以下步骤：
步骤11：启动监测定时器，置硬件故障重发次数及软件故障重发次数为0；
步骤12：当监测定时器超过监测时长，接入网AN以AN-AAA服务器上预置的虚拟用户的名义向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的接入请求(Access-Request)消息，启动等待定时器，并等待AN-AAA服务器的回应消息；
步骤13：判断在预置的等待定时器的等待时长内是否收到了AN-AAA服务器的回应消息，如果收到了所述服务器的回应消息，则进行步骤19停止等待定时器的计时，并且进行步骤20；若在预置的等待时长内没有收到所述服务器的回应消息，则进行步骤14；
步骤14：判断硬件故障重发次数是否大于预置的硬件故障最大重发次数，若硬件故障重发次数大于预置的硬件故障最大重发次数，则证明AN-AAA服务器及其链路A12存在硬件故障，并进行步骤15；若硬件故障重发次数小于或等于预置的硬件故障最大重发次数，则进行步骤16；所述硬件故障重发次数是用于统计在发送一次硬件故障告警或一次监测证明服务器及其链路A12工作正常之前由于未能在预置的等待时长内收到服务器回应消息而促使重新发送接入请求消息的次数，即为在等待时长内未收到回应消息而且未发送硬件故障告警的次数；
步骤15：AN发送AN-AAA服务器及其链路A12的硬件故障告警，即向网管中心发送A12硬件故障告警报文，后续由网管中心进行故障告警及处理，并进行步骤26；
步骤16：将硬件故障重发次数加1，不发送硬件故障告警，进行步骤17；
步骤17：重新以保留的虚拟用户的名义向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的接入请求(Access-Request)消息，重新启动等待定时器用于计算等待时长，并进行步骤18；
步骤18：重新启动监测定时器，并且返回步骤13；
步骤20：判断收到的所述服务器的回应消息是否为A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息，如果是A12的接入允许消息，则说明当前AN-AAA服务器及其链路A12工作正常，进行步骤26；如果不是A12的接入允许消息，则进行步骤21，由于在AN-AAA服务器上已经预置了虚拟用户，该用户的接入用户名和密码是对应预先设置并对AN是已知的，因而不会出现由于错误的用户名或密码而使得AN-AAA服务器不能发送接入允许消息的情况，因此，所述服务器会发送A12的接入拒绝(Access-Reject)消息代替A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息，由此消息可判断为当前服务器存在软件故障；
步骤21：判断软件故障重发次数是否大于预置的软件故障最大重发次数，若软件故障重发次数大于预置的软件故障最大重发次数，则证明AN-AAA服务器存在软件故障，并进行步骤22；若软件故障重发次数小于或等于预置的软件故障最大重发次数，则进行步骤23；所述软件故障重发次数是用于统计在发送一次软件故障告警或一次监测证明服务器及其链路A12工作正常之前由于所收到的服务器的回应消息是以接入拒绝(Access-Reject)消息替代接入允许(Access-Accept)消息而促使重新发送接入请求消息的次数，即为回应消息不为接入允许消息而且未发送软件故障告警的次数；
步骤22：发送软件故障告警，即向网管中心发送A12软件故障告警报文，后续由网管中心进行故障告警及处理，并进行步骤26；
步骤23：将软件故障重发次数加1，硬件故障重发次数置零，不发送软件故障告警，进行步骤24；
步骤24：重新以保留的虚拟用户的名义向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的接入请求(Access-Request)消息，重新启动等待定时器用于计算等待时长，并进行步骤25；
步骤25：重新启动监测定时器，并且返回步骤13；
步骤26：将软件故障重发次数和硬件故障重发次数清零，并返回步骤12。
以上为本发明的一较佳实施例，同样本方法的其他实现形式同样可以达到本发明的目的。
替代图3所示实施例的一方法为：在发现硬件或软件故障的时候不再对是否需要发送硬件故障告警或软件故障告警进行判断。其实施例具体为：
设置系统时，在AN-AAA服务器上设立一个保留的虚拟用户，该用户不分配给实际的用户使用，只用于故障检测；
在AN中增加如下功能：设置一个监测定时器及监测时长，设置一用于计算等待AN-AAA服务器回应消息时长的等待定时器及该定时器的等待时长，所述的监测定时器的监测时长大于所述的等待时长，并且监测定时器属于周期定时器。
启动监测定时器；当监测定时器超过监测时长，接入网AN以AN-AAA服务器上预置的虚拟用户的名义向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的接入请求(Access-Request)消息，监测定时器立刻重新启动开始计时；启动等待定时器，等待AN-AAA服务器的回应消息；
判断在预置的等待定时器的等待时长内是否收到了AN-AAA服务器的回应消息，若在预置的等待时长内没有收到所述服务器的回应消息，则认为出现了硬件故障，立刻进行硬件故障告警，并等待监测定时器超过监测时长后重新向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的Access-Request；如果收到了所述服务器的回应消息，则停止等待定时器。
判断收到的所述服务器的回应消息是否为A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息，如果是A12的接入允许消息，则说明当前AN-AAA服务器及其链路A12工作正常，则等待监测定时器超过监测时长后重新向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的Access-Request；如果所述的回应消息不是A12的接入允许消息，则认为出现了软件故障，立刻进行软件故障告警，并等待监测定时器超过监测时长后重新向AN-AAA服务器发送A12的Access-Request。由于在AN-AAA服务器上已经预置了虚拟用户，该用户的接入用户名和密码是对应预先设置并对AN是已知的，因而不会出现由于错误的用户名或密码而使得AN-AAA服务器不能发送接入允许消息的情况，因此，所述服务器会发送A12的接入拒绝(Access-Reject)消息代替A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息，由此消息可判断为当前服务器存在软件故障。
另外，图3所示实施例中，在是否发送硬件故障告警或软件故障告警的判断中，通过判断故障重发次数是否大于预置的故障最大重发次数决定是否进行故障告警。对于此步骤目的的实现可以通过多种方式，例如，在图3所示的实施例中，当出现硬件故障时立刻重新向AN-AAA服务器发送Access-Request，因而可以预置硬件故障最大重发时长，当由于硬件故障而连续重发Access-Request的时长大于预置的硬件故障最大时长时，即发送硬件故障告警；以同样的方法可以实现对是否发送软件故障告警的控制。
在第一实施例中，在发送硬件故障告警后，将硬件故障重发次数置零；在发送软件故障告警后，将软件故障重发次数置零；将软件故障重发次数加1的同时将硬件故障重发次数置零；以及判断收到的所述服务器的回应消息为A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息后将硬件故障重发次数和软件故障重发次数置零。以上置零的步骤可以由其他方式代替而实现同样的效果，如在上述的各个过程中，取消置零的步骤，而将预置的硬件故障最大重发次数及软件故障最大重发次数在已有基础上进行累加得到新的最大重发次数。即在发送硬件故障告警后，将硬件故障重发次数与已有的硬件故障最大重发次数相加，得到新的硬件故障最大重发次数；在发送软件故障告警后，将软件故障重发次数与已有的软件故障最大重发次数相加，得到新的软件故障最大重发次数；将软件故障重发次数加1的同时将硬件故障重发次数与已有的硬件故障最大重发次数相加，得到新的硬件故障最大重发次数；判断收到的所述服务器的回应消息为A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息后分别将硬件故障重发次数与已有的硬件故障最大重发次数相加得到新的硬件故障最大重发次数，并且将软件故障重发次数与已有的软件故障最大重发次数相加，得到新的软件故障最大重发次数。
如图4所示，若网络中存在主用服务器和备用服务器，则AN先向主用服务器发送接入请求(Access-Request)消息，对主服务器进行故障检测，当检测结果表明主服务器不存在故障时，即判断收到的所述服务器的回应消息为A12的接入允许(Access-Accept)消息，并将软件故障重发次数和硬件故障重发次数清零时，AN向备用服务器发送接入请求(Access-Request)消息，并且按照监测主服务器的方法对备用服务器的故障进行检测。
以上对本发明所提供的接入网认证、授权和计费系统的故障监测方法进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，因此，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (10)

1、一种通信网节点故障监测方法，用于实现对接入网认证、授权和计费AN-AAA服务器及其与接入网间通信链路A12所构成的系统故障的监测，其特征在于：
1)源侧接入网向所述服务器发送接入请求消息；
2)判断在预置的等待时长内是否收到所述服务器回应消息，若没有收到，进行硬件故障告警处理；若收到则进行步骤3)；
3)判断所述回应消息是否为接入允许消息，若不是则进行软件故障告警处理。
2、如权利要求1所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于，步骤2)所述硬件故障告警处理的过程进一步包括：判断是否需要发送硬件故障告警，以及当需要发送硬件故障告警时发送硬件故障告警的步骤。
3、如权利要求2所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于：
步骤2)中判断不进行硬件故障告警时，将预置的硬件故障计数器累加一个单位值；
步骤2)中进行硬件故障告警或步骤3)中判断回应消息为接入允许消息后，将所述计数器值置零。
4、如权利要求3所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于，所述判断是否需要发送硬件故障告警的步骤具体为：判断所述硬件故障计数器的值是否大于预置的最大硬件故障次数，若大于预置的最大硬件故障次数则需要进行硬件故障告警，否则不需要进行硬件故障告警。
5、如权利要求1至4其中之一所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于，步骤3)所述软件故障告警处理的过程进一步包括：判断是否需要发送软件故障告警，以及当需要发送软件故障告警时发送软件故障告警的步骤。
6、如权利要求5所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于：
步骤3)中判断不进行软件故障告警时，将预置的软件故障计数器累加一个单位值；
步骤3)中判断回应消息为接入允许消息或进行软件故障告警后，将所述计数器值置零。
7、如权利要求6所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于，所述判断是否需要发送软件故障告警的步骤具体为：判断所述软件故障计数器的值是否大于预置的最大软件故障次数，若大于预置的最大软件故障次数则需要进行软件故障告警，否则不需要进行软件故障告警。
8、如权利要求1所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于：步骤1)之前在所述服务器中预置专用于监测所述服务器和通信链路A12故障的虚拟用户。
9、如权利要求1所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，其特征在于：
步骤1)具体为源侧接入网向主服务器发送接入请求消息；
步骤3)中若判断为接入允许消息，则源侧接入网向备服务器发送接入请求消息，并返回步骤2)。
10、如权利要求1或9所述的通信网节点故障监测方法，所述的接入请求消息、接入允许消息为通信链路A12的标准接口消息。
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