CN1773175A - Energy-saving heat exchanging station or assembling unit and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving heat exchanging station or assembling unit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1773175A CN1773175A CN 200410044022 CN200410044022A CN1773175A CN 1773175 A CN1773175 A CN 1773175A CN 200410044022 CN200410044022 CN 200410044022 CN 200410044022 A CN200410044022 A CN 200410044022A CN 1773175 A CN1773175 A CN 1773175A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an energy-saving heat-exchange station or machine unit and its control method. The composition of the invented product includes: regulating valve T1, heat-exchanger H connected with regulating valve T1, on the water supply pipeline of the described heat-exchanger H a temperature sensor TT and a pressure sensor TP are mounted, the described water supply pipeline, water-returning pipeline and pipeline connected with user pipeline are formed into secondary network, on the water-returning pipeline of the described secondary network a filter GL and a circulating pump B1 are mounted, on the described water-returning pipeline a non-return valve also is mounted, between the front of cold medium inlet of heat-exchanger and water outlet of the secondary network a flow-dividing pipeline with regulating valve T2 or circulating pump B2 is placed, the opening of regulating T2 or flow rate of circulating pump B2 are controlled by central control unit.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of energy-conservation heat exchange station (unit) especially matter regulate heat exchange station (unit) and realize energy-conservation control method.
Background technology: heat exchange station is to realize the key link of one-level net (thermal source) energy to user's (secondary net) dispensing, and it need carry heat energy by the user.Circulating pump is power set of finishing this task, and its power consumption is the main composition of heat exchange station power consumption.Prior art thinks, only circulating pump can reduce power consumption when guaranteeing to carry the heat that is equal to when amount is regulated, and under the situation that matter is regulated, be difficult to energy-conservation constant because the requirement that matter is regulated is exactly the flow of user side.Prior art is that the flow that flows through heat exchange station equals each branch flow sum of user, and the flow that flows through each point equates.Do not have the flow control measure of system in the heat exchange station (unit), theoretical value circulating pump energy consumption is the several times that scale is regulated operating mode.Thus, the resulting available pressure of user (pressure differential among Fig. 1 between A point and D point) very little, generally has only 20-60%.The characteristics of prior art are: the flow that flows through heat exchange station equals each branch flow sum of user, and the flow that flows through A, B, C, D each point equates.Do not have the flow control measure of system in the heat exchange station (unit), theoretical value circulating pump energy consumption is the several times that scale is regulated operating mode.
Summary of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of, according to heat exchange watt level control flow size with the energy-conservation heat exchange station of the requirement satisfying energy and transmit or the special control method of unit and energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit needs.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following technical scheme:
Energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, its composition comprises: control valve, the heat exchanger that links to each other with described control valve, temperature sensor and pressure sensor are housed on the supply channel of described heat exchanger, described supply channel, water return pipeline and the pipeline formation secondary net that connects the user, filter and circulating pump are housed on the water return pipeline of described secondary net, non-return valve also is housed on the described water return pipeline, have the distribution pipeline that has control valve or pump before the cold medium inlet of heat exchanger between the water supply outlet of secondary net, the aperture of described control valve or the flow rates controlled of pump are in centralized control unit.
Above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit have at least one to be speed-variable pump in described circulating pump and the described pump, and described speed-variable pump is arrangements for speed regulation and conventional circulating pump be combined into.
Above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, described centralized control unit are an independently controller, or unit in computer control system or frequency converter, the weather compensation instrument or software, perhaps fully by manually operating.
Above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit between heat exchange station is for the backwater outlet, are equipped with short valve before user's valve, close user's valve, open short valve, and heat exchange station (unit) can form the minor loop of a sealing.
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit, comprise: the one-level net by control valve is housed is to the heat exchanger heat supply, by the heat exchanger heat-shift to the secondary net heat supply that temperature sensor and pressure sensor are housed, it is constant to keep the available pressure head of secondary net by speed-variable pump, guaranteeing that the cold media outlet temperature of heat exchanger is no more than under the prerequisite of allowable temperature and enough heat exchange amounts, adjust the aperture of described control valve, make the flow minimum that flows through heat exchanger.
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit guaranteeing that the cold media outlet temperature of heat exchanger is no more than under the prerequisite of allowable temperature and enough heat exchange amounts, are adjusted described circulating pump or described pump, make the flow minimum that flows through heat exchanger.
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit periodically reduce aperture or shutoff by described control valve, and the heat exchanging device carries out self-cleaning.
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit by adjusting described circulating pump or described pump, make it periodically reduce flow or stoppage in transit, and the heat exchanging device carries out self-cleaning.
This technical scheme has following beneficial effect:
1. the method applied in the present invention is that the total flow Q that will get back to heat exchange station from user's pipe network (secondary net) is divided into Q1 and Q2 two parts, and Q1 is sent to heat exchanger, finishes the transmission of energy; Q2 then directly injects user's water supply line, i.e. the point of D among Fig. 2.Because square being directly proportional of the resistance of pipeline and flow, therefore, less flow shunting all can make the resistance of heat exchange station that bigger reduction is arranged.Realize that reason of the present invention is heat exchange station by the maximum demanded power design, more time, it is operated in below the maximum demanded power.With the Border in Harbin Area is example, the average power requirement of heat exchange station is 63.6% of a maximum design power, minimal power requirements is 52.3% of a maximum design power, undoubtedly, only needs less flow just can satisfy the requirement that energy transmits when heat exchange power is little.
2. be provided with adjustable shunting circuit (control valve T2) among the present invention, it is arranged on the C point between the D point, should cross over the high-drag pipeline to greatest extent.And the needs according to operating mode split into Q1 and Q2 with a part from the flow Q that the user comes, and are satisfying under the prerequisite of heat transfer boundary condition, regulate T2, reduce Q1 to greatest extent, thereby reduce the drag overall of heat exchange station, for energy efficient is created necessary condition.
3. be provided with the arrangements for speed regulation of circulating pump among the present invention, it is exactly speed-variable pump that arrangements for speed regulation combine with common circulating pump, represents with BI among the figure.Circulating pump must be a speed-variable pump, otherwise the reduction of heat exchange station resistance will cause the increase of total flow Q, and power consumption can not realize energy-conservation also with corresponding rising.And in the present invention,, realized that the heat exchange station resistance is reduced to the reduction of energy consumption because there have speed-variable pump to keep available pressure (i.e. pressure differential between the D-A point among the figure) to be constant.
4. be provided with centralized control unit CCU among the present invention: it coordinates the work of heat exchange station each several part, it both can be an independently controller, also can be unit or the software in computer control system or other system (as frequency converter, weather compensation instrument), even can realize by manually operating fully.
5. can work effectively for said system, need understand the operating mode of system at any time, for this reason, the various sensors among Fig. 2 are just essential.Δ TP is differential pressure pick-up (transmitter) among the figure, and speed-variable pump is adjusted rotating speed according to its signal, and it is constant to keep available pressure (the D point is to the pressure differential between the A point); The duty parameter that centralized control unit CCU then transmits according to sensors such as TT1, TT2, TP is determined the aperture of T2.Its aperture not only must satisfy the needs (Q1 is enough big) of thermal energy exchange, the requirement (outlet temperature is enough low) of least favorable element in the also necessary simultaneously meeting tier 2 net.In brief, we can say that also the internal resistance of heat exchange station is as much as possible little.Judge that whether the heat exchange amount enough needs other working condition signals is foundation, export the aperture of (D point among the figure) temperature, transient heat power, one-level net control valve T1 etc. as the secondary net.
6. the implementation that Fig. 2 set forth is the simplest mode, is referred to as passive mode, is applicable to most occasions; Yet, in some in particular cases (as existing heat exchange station, unit transformation), in the possible heat exchange station from the A point to B point so that C point produced very big resistance and difficulty elimination, or Technological Economy is more not ideal enough, this moment, but the using active mode realized the present invention---but a cost of investment is higher than passive mode possibly, the advantage of this mode is that it is easier to realize " should cross over the high-drag pipeline to greatest extent " this requirement.As shown in Figure 3.
7. another embodiment of the invention---in the active mode, increased a pump B2 specially and be used for Q2 directly is injected into D point (secondary net) from the A point, this is the origin of active mode title just also.T2 among the figure can accept or reject according to actual conditions, is relatively decided by Technological Economy fully.Because B2 efficient when low discharge obviously reduces,, open T2 so under the less situation of flow, should close B2.As long as in fact B1 and B2 have one to be speed-variable pump, just can realize basic function of the present invention, and another pump can be combined by some pumps, even have only the pump of a wide range of flow, but should allow outlet pressure that certain change is arranged this moment, and economy also will descend.
8. adopt method of the present invention to carry out after the flow shunting, the flow velocity in the heat exchanger will reduce, and be unfavorable for the self-cleaning of heat exchanger, and heat exchanging efficient will produce certain influence, and exact level is decided on water quality condition.For reducing this adverse effect, shunting circuit flow Q2 should periodically reduce or close, and makes the whole or big portion flow heat exchanger of flowing through, and to play the effect of flushing, guarantees heat exchange efficiency.Even can between A point and D point, establish a short valve Zk, and during the flushing heat exchanging device, close T1, T2, open the straight circuit that Zk controls, make the maximum stream flow heat exchanger of flowing through.The flushing heat exchanging device can carry out in conjunction with blowdown.In the maintenance after the heat supply phase finishes, can close Zu, T2 opens Zk, injects cleaning agent in the minor loop of heat exchange station, and the heat exchanging device cleans, thus realize heat exchanger exempt to tear open maintenance.T1 can require (cleaning agent temperature) to determine its state according to cleaning in this process.
9. as mentioned above, the mean power of common heat exchange station is 63.6% of its maximum design power, if heat exchange power is directly proportional with flow (actual flow than this be little), and with this rough estimation, that its resistance can be reduced to is original 40.4% (resistance and flow square be directly proportional).Reduced by 59.6%.If original cycle efficieny is 50%, then energy conservation potential about 30%.For the method for operation of the big flow of the present most heat exchange stations of China, the little temperature difference, it is higher than regular meeting to economize on electricity, even reaches more than 50%.Generally speaking, cold more area, energy-saving effect is remarkable more.Carry out though top analysis is adjusted to the basis with matter, in fact it also will be effective to measuring adjusting.Because the situation that the system that amount is regulated also can exist the heat exchange traffic requirement to require less than customer flow, the internal resistance that reduces heat exchange station equally can be energy-conservation.
10. the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchange station is positively related with the flow velocity of working media wherein.Flow velocity is high more, and heat exchange efficiency is also high more, and self-purification capacity is also strong more, is easy to realize non-maintaining more.Yet flow velocity is high more, and the power consumption of heat exchange station is also big more.The invention provides one and under identical power consumption situation, realize the more scheme of high flow rate, make heat exchange station can do to such an extent that volume is littler, be easier to realize non-maintaining.
11. invention provides a kind of new heat exchange station (unit) and control method thereof, it is keeping having realized economize on electricity significantly under the constant prerequisite of the existing available pressure head of user, the maintenance scheme of exempting to tear open heat exchanger is provided simultaneously, both can be used for the transformation of existing heat exchange station (unit), be more suitable for the heat exchange station or the unit of brand-new design.Because it is non-maintaining that it not only is easier to realize; both can work in simultaneously the operating mode of big flow, the little temperature difference; the matter that also can work in standard is regulated operating mode; also can the amount of being operated in regulate operating mode undoubtedly; has permanent technological adaptability; can guarantee to protect user's investment benefited for a long time, have good social benefit and market prospects.
Description of drawings: accompanying drawing 1 is the system schematic of a typical heat exchange station of prior art.
The realization mode of the present invention that accompanying drawing 2 is set forth is the simplest mode, is referred to as passive mode.Its more traditional heat exchange station has increased by 3 requisite devices.
Accompanying drawing 3 is another embodiment of the invention---in the active mode.
T1 among the figure: control valve, T2: distribution pipeline control valve, H: heat exchanger, TT, TT1, TT2: temperature sensor, TP: pressure sensor, Zu: valve, U: user's pipe network, GL: filter, B0: circulating pump B2: shunting dedicated pump, B1: speed-variable pump, NZ: non-return valve.A, B, C, D are 4 observation stations, and with the circle represent a little, Q represents total flow, arrow is represented water (flow) direction, and Q1 and arrow thereof represent to flow through the flow of heat exchange manifold, and Q2 and arrow thereof represent to flow through the flow that pipeline is regulated in shunting, CCU: central control unit, Δ TP. differential pressure pick-up, Zk. short valve, the dotted line among the figure are represented signal or control contact.
The specific embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1:
Energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, its composition comprises: control valve T1, the heat exchanger H that links to each other with described control valve T1, temperature sensor TT and pressure sensor TP are housed on the supply channel of described heat exchanger H, described supply channel, water return pipeline and the pipeline formation secondary net that connects the user, filter GL and circulating pump B1 are housed on the water return pipeline of described secondary net, non-return valve NZ also is housed on the described water return pipeline,: have the distribution pipeline that has control valve T2 before the cold medium inlet of heat exchanger between the water supply outlet of secondary net, the aperture of described control valve T2 is controlled by centralized control unit.
Embodiment 2:
Energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, its composition comprises: control valve T1, the heat exchanger H that links to each other with described control valve T1, temperature sensor TT and pressure sensor TP are housed on the supply channel of described heat exchanger H, described supply channel, water return pipeline and the pipeline formation secondary net that connects the user, filter GL and circulating pump B1 are housed on the water return pipeline of described secondary net, non-return valve NZ also is housed on the described water return pipeline,: have the distribution pipeline that has pump B2 before the cold medium inlet of heat exchanger between the water supply outlet of secondary net, the flow rates controlled of described pump B2 is in centralized control unit.Described pump B2, a part of flow of secondary net backwater directly is injected into secondary net supply channel, have at least one to be speed-variable pump among described circulating pump B1 and the described pump B2, described speed-variable pump is arrangements for speed regulation and conventional circulating pump be combined into, and its flow rates controlled is in centralized control unit.
Embodiment 3:
Above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, described centralized control unit are an independently controller, or unit in computer control system or frequency converter, the weather compensation instrument or software, perhaps fully by manually operating.
Embodiment 4:
Above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit between heat exchange station is for the backwater outlet, are equipped with short valve Zk before user's valve, close user's valve, open short valve, and heat exchange station (unit) can form the minor loop of a sealing.
Embodiment 5:
The control method of energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, comprise: the one-level net by control valve T2 is housed is to heat exchanger H heat supply, by heat exchanger H heat-shift to the secondary net heat supply that temperature sensor TT and pressure sensor TP are housed, it is constant to be by pump B that speed-variable pump B1 or B2 keep the available pressure head of secondary net, guaranteeing that the cold media outlet temperature of heat exchanger H is no more than under the prerequisite of allowable temperature and enough heat exchange amounts, adjust the aperture of described control valve T2, make the flow minimum that flows through heat exchanger.
Embodiment 6:
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit guaranteeing that the cold media outlet temperature of heat exchanger is no more than under the prerequisite of allowable temperature and enough heat exchange amounts, are adjusted described circulating pump B1 or described pump B2, make the flow minimum that flows through heat exchanger.
Embodiment 7:
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit periodically reduce aperture or shutoff by described control valve T2, and heat exchanging device H carries out self-cleaning.By adjusting described circulating pump B1 or described pump B2, make it periodically reduce flow or stoppage in transit, heat exchanging device H carries out self-cleaning.
Speed-variable pump mentioned above adds common water pump by frequency converter usually to be realized, but also can add common water pump with other any power set that can realize speed change fully realizes, add fluid coupling as prime mover, slip electric motor, the coiling buncher, variable-frequency motor, even prime mover adds mechanical speed change and realizes.
Control valve T2 mentioned above is generally to adopt electric butterfly valve comparatively suitable, but also can adopt other forms of valve (as ball valve) or its combination, for example, can adopt switch valve (gate valve, magnetic valve etc.) to add the form of control valve, also can form a magnetic valve group with some magnetic valves, implementation phase is regulated, or directly uses combination solenoid valve.
The above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the heat exchange station outlet temperature of unit are to need often to adjust, and the shunting of T1 and Q2 all can influence outlet temperature.Therefore, the simplest also is the method for using always, is exactly to calculate or actual operation parameters according to theory, and the outlet temperature of the correspondence of different Q 2 is made a form or formula, sets Q2 in view of the above earlier when setting outlet temperature, adjusts T1 again according to actual conditions then.
Described CCU can make the conventional product sold in market also can integrated in the above more function, for example, can integrated frequency converter, make application simpler; Increase weather transducing signal (normally outside air temperature) and also control to adjust valve T1, then can integrated weather compensate function, make the operation of bed rearrangement heat exchange station more economical.
In a word, the present invention has increased equipment such as can regulating distribution pipeline, circulating pump arrangements for speed regulation (speed-variable pump), centralized control unit, short valve on the basis of common heat exchange station (unit), Q shunts with circulating water flow: Q1 finishes heat exchange, Q2 keeps available pressure head, CCU minimizes Q1, and the internal resistance of heat exchange station is reduced; Cooperate speed-variable pump and control method, under the constant prerequisite of available pressure head, realize the circulating pump economize on electricity; Open short valve, close user's valve, can realize that then heat exchanger exempts from demolition clean.
Claims (9)
1. energy-conservation heat exchange station or unit, its composition comprises: control valve, the heat exchanger that links to each other with described control valve, temperature sensor and pressure sensor are housed on the supply channel of described heat exchanger, described supply channel, water return pipeline and the pipeline formation secondary net that connects the user, filter and circulating pump are housed on the water return pipeline of described secondary net, non-return valve also is housed on the described water return pipeline, it is characterized in that: have the distribution pipeline that has control valve or pump before the cold medium inlet of heat exchanger between the water supply outlet of secondary net, the aperture of described control valve or the flow rates controlled of pump are in centralized control unit.
2. energy-conservation heat exchange station according to claim 1 or unit is characterized in that: have at least one to be speed-variable pump in described circulating pump and the described pump, described speed-variable pump is arrangements for speed regulation and conventional circulating pump be combined into.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described energy-conservation heat exchange station or units, it is characterized in that: described centralized control unit is an independently controller, or unit in computer control system or frequency converter, the weather compensation instrument or software, perhaps fully by manually operating.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described energy-conservation heat exchange station or units, it is characterized in that: between heat exchange station is for the backwater outlet, before user's valve short valve is installed, closes user's valve, open short valve, heat exchange station (unit) can form the minor loop of a sealing.
5. the above-mentioned energy-conservation heat exchange station or the control method of unit, comprise: the one-level net by control valve is housed is to the heat exchanger heat supply, by the heat exchanger heat-shift to the secondary net heat supply that temperature sensor and pressure sensor are housed, it is characterized in that: it is constant to keep the available pressure head of secondary net by speed-variable pump, guaranteeing that the cold media outlet temperature of heat exchanger is no more than under the prerequisite of allowable temperature and enough heat exchange amounts, adjust the aperture of described control valve, make the flow minimum that flows through heat exchanger.
6. the control method of energy-conservation heat exchange station according to claim 6 or unit, it is characterized in that: guaranteeing that the cold media outlet temperature of heat exchanger is no more than under the prerequisite of allowable temperature and enough heat exchange amounts, adjust described circulating pump or described pump, make the flow minimum that flows through heat exchanger.
7. according to the control method of claim 6 or 7 described energy-conservation heat exchange stations or unit, it is characterized in that: periodically reduce aperture or shutoff by described control valve, the heat exchanging device carries out self-cleaning.
8. according to the control method of claim 6 or 7 described energy-conservation heat exchange stations or unit, it is characterized in that: by adjusting described circulating pump or described pump, make it periodically reduce flow or stoppage in transit, the heat exchanging device carries out self-cleaning.
9. the control method of energy-conservation heat exchange station according to claim 8 or unit is characterized in that: by adjusting described circulating pump or described pump, make it periodically reduce flow or stoppage in transit, the heat exchanging device carries out self-cleaning.
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| CN 200410044022 CN1773175A (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2004-11-08 | Energy-saving heat exchanging station or assembling unit and control method thereof |
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| CN 200410044022 CN1773175A (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2004-11-08 | Energy-saving heat exchanging station or assembling unit and control method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1945134B (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-04-14 | 沈阳国惠供热有限公司 | Double control system for central heat supply |
| CN101936575A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-05 | 周浩 | Indirectly connected heat exchange station system |
| CN101571298B (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2012-07-04 | 东北大学 | Energy-saving and emission-reducing regulation and control method for urban region boiler room central heating system |
| CN104953792A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-09-30 | 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 | Traction converter for low-floor vehicle |
| CN113339869A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-03 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Heat exchange station system based on utilization of redundant pressure head of primary network |
-
2004
- 2004-11-08 CN CN 200410044022 patent/CN1773175A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1945134B (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-04-14 | 沈阳国惠供热有限公司 | Double control system for central heat supply |
| CN101571298B (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2012-07-04 | 东北大学 | Energy-saving and emission-reducing regulation and control method for urban region boiler room central heating system |
| CN101936575A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-05 | 周浩 | Indirectly connected heat exchange station system |
| CN104953792A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-09-30 | 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 | Traction converter for low-floor vehicle |
| CN104953792B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2017-11-14 | 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of low floor vehicle traction convertor |
| CN113339869A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-03 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Heat exchange station system based on utilization of redundant pressure head of primary network |
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