CN1773109A - Direction optimization design for non-light image tracing light-gathering solar energy electric power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

On the basis of newly-developed non-tracking light-gathering solar power generation equipment said invention provides a method for further reducing cost and raising power generation efficiency. According to the line and column structure of light-gathering reflector and relative positions of sun and the earth the inventor points out that the auto-turning shaft of the solar power generation equipment must be oriented like this mode: the object angle lambda and local latitude phi are formed into complementary angle of 90 deg. and the facing angle is positioned in the local meridian plane, in the Northern Hemisphere it is faced with south, in the Southern Hemisphere it is faced with north and on the equator it is faced with zenith. Said orientation can obtain enough uniform and centralized light-gathering facula, so that it can greatly reduce its product cost.

Description

The orientation optimal design of unglazed image tracing concentration solar generating device

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the manufacturing and the control of spacing wave gathering-device, be used for the telescope of solar energy collecting and other collection space signals and radar equipment or the like.

Background technique:

This paper inventor from calendar year 2001 to 2004 year continuously abroad academic journals delivered six pieces of articles, spread out unglazed image tracing focusing system theoretical of performance and at High Temperature Furnaces of a kind of strange digital optics from author invention described, the application of center system Salar light-gathering and food industry aspect.Unglazed image tracing concentration solar generating machine as an important application of strange digital optics, is not published.Although this system has brought into play the novel thought of the considerable part of delivering basic theory, its direction optimal design and the simplified equipment that arrives therefrom thereof, the trade secret that effect improves as the native system manufacturing is the reason of present patent application.

Illustrating of summary of the invention:

1) according to delivering document (see appendix, the present patent application content was delivered from unexposed or non-public), unglazed image tracing solar panel is a mirror surface that is combined into by the sub-minute surface of the capable m row of n.Document discloses, use this minute surface, the control of n+m just can reach the effect that the aberration of reflective surface is reduced to minimum altogether, promptly arrive best spotlight effect, and reach same spotlight effect, classical theory then needs 2 * n * m control, and theory itself has been simplified the complexity of system greatly, thereby goes a step further in the commercial running of high benefit.

2) solar generator needs system not only to possess light gathering, and can accurately follow the tracks of.Traditional tracking mode is the elevation angle-azimythal angle formula, but the mirror surface structure that the sub-mirror of this tracking formula and the described row, column of last paragraph is formed is contrary to, use this formula, the motion of the needed wide-angle of optically focused can't be brought the unglazed superiority that resembles solar panel into play in the process of following the tracks of.Thereby the inventor derives a kind of solar tracking formula (elevation angle-spin angle is followed the tracks of formula), and the elevation angle is

$\mathrm{\θ}=\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{ArcSin}\{-\mathrm{Cos\δCos\ω}(\mathrm{Sin\λCos\Φ}+\mathrm{Cos\λCos\φSin\Φ})-\mathrm{Cos\δSin\ωCos\λSin\φ}+\mathrm{Sin\δ}(\mathrm{Cos\λCos\φCos\Φ}-\mathrm{Sin\ΦSin\λ})\}$

Spin angle is

$\mathrm{\ρ}=\mathrm{ArcSin}\left\{\frac{-\mathrm{Cos\δCos\ωSin\φSin\Φ}+\mathrm{Cos\δSin\ωCos\φ}+\mathrm{Sin\δSin\φCos\Φ}}{\mathrm{Cos\β}}\right\}$

δ-drift angle, fixed star orientation

Φ-latitude

φ-towards the angle

λ-target angle

ω-sidereal time

Parameter in the above formula is defined by Fig. 1:

Owing to introduced spin, it is to meet with tangent plane and arrow face that the row, column of combination minute surface reaches all the time, so the aberration of minute surface can reach minimum degree later on through small adjustment.

3) in the process of following the tracks of, because the continuous variation of reference angle, the combination minute surface also needs to reach thereupon changing best spotlight effect, though the needed control of this variation is by 1) with 2) described method reduces to n+m quantity from 2 * n * m quantity, also still need suitable manufacture cost, this is to make the solar power plant aspect in enormous quantities to need an improved aspect.The direction that the present invention proposes spin axis is optimized.Its content promptly is: in the tracking system of the elevation angle-spin angle, the orientation of spin axis is one and can freely selects, though the direction with spin axis that people can be very natural (being so-called target angle) places horizontal position, in our process of optimization, the orientation can be the function of latitude.Axial orientation after the optimization is: target angle λ becomes λ=90 °-φ with local Woof degree φ.Be positioned at local meridian plane towards the angle, to the south on the Northern Hemisphere, in the Southern Hemisphere northwards, go up to zenith under the line.Fig. 2 has provided illustrating of above optimization.

Fig. 3 has represented to optimize and the not comparison of optimal design with the size and the shape of hot spot on the focal plane.This relatively in, the Woof degree is selected in northern Woof 33 degree; Reflector is combined by the sub-mirror of 25 46cm * 46cm; System's focal length is 5m.During optimization, target angle be 57 the degree, in meridian plane, during unoptimizable, target angle is a zero degree towards the angle, towards the angle in meridian plane.Two kinds of situations all adopt the mirror surface of fixed, and its structure system is by the theory decision of unglazed image tracing optically focused heliostat.Shown in figure be that computer simulation forms.These figures have obtained proof in inventor's experimental result for many years.

The relatively demonstration of Fig. 3 can adopt the method for the sub-mirror of fixed to obtain enough to concentrate and uniform hot spot through the heliostat of orientation optimization fully.This changes the regulating mechanism that carries out with regard to the ranks of having saved sub-mirror with reference angle, thereby greatly reduces cost of production.

Another advantage of orientation optimization is the raising of generating efficiency.FOR ALL WE KNOW, because the sun and earth relative position and rotation of the earth, the illumination that any point received all is subjected to the influence of cosine effect inevitably on earth.In the tracking system of fixed target formula, it is better little that we must make reference angle heal within the whole day scope as far as possible.Fig. 4 has provided orientation optimization and has established assorted and the comparison of unoptimizable design in orientation in the variation of whole day reference angle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the elevation angle-spin angle tracking illustrates, and wherein 1 is the sun, the 2nd, and zero meridian, the 3rd, the equatorial plane, the 4th, δ, drift angle, fixed star orientation, the 5th, Φ, latitude, the 6th, ω, sidereal time, the 7th, setting position, the 8th, the sun, the 9th, target, the 10th, siderostat, the 11st, ρ, spin angle, the 12nd, θ, the elevation angle, the 13rd, λ, target angle, the 14th, φ, towards the angle, the 15th, north.

Fig. 2 is illustrating of optimizing, and wherein 1 is unglazed image tracing solar panel, the 2nd, and target, the 3rd, latitude, the 4th, target angle, the 5th, towards the angle, the 6th, north, the 7th, meridian plane, the 8th, zenith, the 9th, object distance, the 10th, support, the 11st, support height.

Fig. 3 optimizes and the not comparison of optimal design

Fig. 4 is that assorted and the comparison of unoptimizable design in orientation in the variation of whole day reference angle are established in orientation optimization

Claims (3)

1. one kind at the optimized project of collecting from the orientation of the device of space fixed star signal, it is characterized in that the fixed siderostat is made up of a plurality of sub-mirrors.Its tracking has adopted the elevation angle-spin angle to follow the tracks of formula, and the position of target angle and latitude complementation are positioned at local meridian plane towards the angle.

2. one kind at the optimized project of collecting from the orientation of the device of space fixed star signal, it is characterized in that the fixed siderostat is made up of continuous mirror surface, or partial continuous, and the discontinuous sub-mirror of part is formed.Its tracking has adopted the elevation angle-spin angle to follow the tracks of formula, and the position of target angle and latitude complementation are positioned at local meridian plane towards the angle.

3. one kind at the optimized project of collecting from the orientation of the device of space fixed star signal, it is characterized in that the fixed siderostat is by a plurality of sub-mirrors or continuous mirror surface, or partial continuous, and the parton mirror is formed.Its tracking has adopted the elevation angle-spin angle to follow the tracks of formula, and the position of target angle and latitude are complementary in 15% margin of error, are positioned at local meridian plane in 15% margin of error towards the angle.

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