CN1771387A

CN1771387A - Combination oil ring

Info

Publication number: CN1771387A
Application number: CN 200480009269
Authority: CN
Inventors: 铃木孝男; 关和仁; 柴田士郎; 松嶋伸行
Original assignee: Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd; Toyota Motor Corp
Current assignee: Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd; Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date: 2003-04-07
Filing date: 2004-04-06
Publication date: 2006-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2024-04-06
Also published as: CN100510367C

Abstract

A main object of the present invention is to provide a combined oil ring capable of exhibiting a sufficient tension, having excellent oil scraping function and oil control function, even if a coil expander formed of a shape memory alloy is used. To achieve the above mentioned object, the present invention provides a combined oil ring comprising: an oil ring formed into cross-section substantially of an I-shape that two rails are connected at a columnar portion thereof; and a coil expander, which is placed in an inner peripheral groove formed on the inner side of a periphery of the columnar portion connecting the two rails of the oil ring, and which presses the oil ring radially outward, wherein the coil expander is formed of a shape memory alloy, and is formed of anomaly wire having rectangular cross sectional shape.

Description

Combined oil ring

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of combined oil ring that on the piston of internal-combustion engine, uses.

Background technique

In internal-combustion engine, owing to produce various frictional force losses, so, by reducing the rate of combustion that such frictional force loss can improve fuel.For example, on the piston ring in internal-combustion engine, the frictional force when requiring reduction and cylinder liner to slide.Particularly, in order to reduce frictional force, it is effective reducing pulling force.

Though on piston ring, have compression ring and oil ring, especially be made as high 5～12 times than compression ring by pulling force (to the power of its diametric(al) foreign side expansion piston ring) with oil ring, can satisfy the function of oil ring, that is, satisfied oil is scraped drop and oily regulatory function.For example, amount to the pulling force ratio, be that the pulling force that amounts to of ring that will amount to the pulling force of piston ring (compression ring+oil ring) removes the ratio that is drawn with cylinder diameter, should amount to the pulling force ratio if observe, be 0.6～1.0N/mm then in 1984, but owing to require low-frictional force, so this is than reducing gradually, be reduced to 0.2～0.6N/mm now, require corresponding therewith countermeasure.

So, though this numerical value become pact at that time in 1984 half, in such background, also require to satisfy the functional of oil ring.

As the countermeasure of piston ring, carried out and the reducing and the thin width of clothization of the area of contact of the reduction corresponding piston ring of pulling force.Because oil ring is compared with compression ring and had oil and scrape drop, and by reducing contact width, can reduce area of contact and make face press liter, thereby improve sealing, scraping property of oil.

But, if during, the pulling force of oil ring is located in the above-mentioned scope from engine start, that is, be made as the same degree when fully driving motor, then opposite, oil ring is excessively brought into play its effect and startability dangerous higher of destroying motor.This be because: when engine start, the temperature of lubricant oil and the temperature of motor are in the stage of rising gradually, situation with passing through some times from the startup of motor after driving is fully compared, and these temperature are lower, and are in the higher state of oil body.Therefore, wish during the startup from motor is transferred to the state of abundant driving motor that the rising along with the temperature of the temperature of lubricant oil and motor is also brought the function of oil ring gradually into play, its face is pressed also to be increased gradually.

For example, technology below in real fair 3-41078 communique, disclosing, promptly, use the marmem of Ni-Ti system to form the bloated spring of spiral, using this spiral to expand in the oil ring of spring, expanding according to spiral, spring is in contraction state when the low temperature, the mode that is in the state of stretching, extension during at high temperature is handled.

Like this, form, can the power to its diametric(al) foreign side pushing oil ring be changed according to temperature, so can improve the startability of motor by using marmem to form the bloated spring of spiral.But the transverse elasticity coefficient of shape memory alloy components is about 5000～10000Mpa in the situation that is in contraction state in 2 yuan of systems of Ni-Ti system, is about about 20000Mpa at the state that stretches.This numerical value expands spring relatively with the spiral that is made of normally used steel wire rod, owing to be about 1/4 only, so in order to obtain the pulling force with the situation same degree of steel wire rod, the rugosity of the wire rod that must be made of marmem is made as 4 times of rugosity of steel wire rod.On the other hand, in nearest oil ring, the tendency that approaches the width of clothization in order to improve tracing ability is arranged,, be difficult in practicality, provide the spiral that uses marmem and form bloated spring from the restriction of size.

And, the marmem that also discloses 2 yuan of systems that are by Ni-Ti in real fair 7-43540 communique forms the technology of the bloated spring of spiral, but problem to be solved is to remove the carbon that sticks on the diesel motor piston annular groove, rather than improves the function of combined oil ring.

And, the spiral that forms though the be not to use marmem spring that expands, but as can be corresponding by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, the spiral that can the show enough pulling force spring that expands, open the technology that discloses the bloated spring of use in the 2001-208200 communique the spy, it is wavy that the spring that should expand is that the sheet material with rectangular section is configured as along the thickness of slab direction, and then it is configured as ring-type.But the pulling force that the spring that expands shows is when engine start, and the state that fully drives owing to motor does not change and causes having problems on startability.Suppose the rectangle material that uses marmem and make it when axle direction is wavy formation, in reprocessing, when remembering heat treatment (material being made the processing of shape-memory),, therefore cause producibility obviously to worsen owing to will be contained on the anchor clamps.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is point in view of the above problems, its main purpose provides a kind of combined oil ring, and this combined oil ring is even under the situation that adopts the bloated spring of spiral that uses marmem and form, also can obtain enough pulling force, have good oil and scrape drop, oily regulatory function, and also provide a kind of combined oil ring, this combined oil ring, can be corresponding by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, and have good tracing ability, and can reduce frictional force, also have good producibility.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of combined oil ring, in the 1st mode, comprising: oil ring, it forms section by post portion 2 tracks of connection and roughly is the I font; The spiral spring that expands, it is configured on the internal circle groove of all sides in the post portion that is formed at 2 tracks that connect described oil ring, and pushes oil ring to its diametric(al) foreign side, it is characterized in that: the described spiral spring that expands, form by marmem, and be that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms by section shape.

In the present invention, constituting, use section shape by employing by marmem is the bloated spring of spiral that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms, as shown in Figure 4, the ratio of screw diameter d7 and wire thickness 35 (screw diameter/wire thickness=ratio) is than the manufacturing in 2.8～3 lower zones difficulty relatively, so, when identical screw diameter, be made as under the situation of design of identical pulling force, relative toroidal, shaped wire can make the wire thickness 35 of the spring line that expands diminish, promptly, make above-mentioned ratio become big, so be favourable to manufacturing.Therefore, even there is the oil ring of the thin width of clothization of restriction also can be corresponding dimensionally, can obtain having the combined oil ring that good oil is scraped drop and oily regulatory function.And, owing to used marmem, so, even the high state of oil viscosity when the startup of motor also can be realized low frictionization.

In the present invention of above-mentioned record, preferably the spiral that formed by the above-mentioned marmem spring that expands is handled, make and expand the temperature of spring self when higher, along its elongated lengthwise than the martensitic transformation temperature of above-mentioned marmem at above-mentioned spiral.By implementing such processing, at the state that reaches abundant driving motor from engine start through certain hour, the temperature of lubricant oil and the temperature of motor rise, the temperature of spring self surpasses martensitic transformation temperature if spiral expands, then spiral expands spring along its elongated lengthwise, so, relatively pulling force increase during with engine start.Increase owing to follow the face of oil ring therewith to press also, so, can obtain to scraping the sufficient effect of the unnecessary lubricant oil in the cylinder.

And, in the present invention, be preferably formed above-mentioned spiral and expand the ratio of the thickness of section shape of shaped wire of spring and width in 1: 1～1: 4 scope.If the shaped wire of the ratio of thickness in having above-mentioned scope and width when then forming spiral being wound into the helical shaped wire with given pitch and expanding spring, can obtain required pulling force.

And, the invention provides a kind of combined oil ring, in the 2nd mode, comprising: oil ring, it forms section by post portion 2 tracks of connection and roughly is the I font; The spiral spring that expands, it is configured on the internal circle groove of all sides in the post portion that is formed at 2 tracks that connect above-mentioned oil ring, and to its diametric(al) foreign side pushing oil ring, it is characterized in that: the axle direction width of above-mentioned oil ring is in the scope of 0.3mm～3mm, the above-mentioned spiral spring that expands, constitute by marmem, and be treated to spiral expand the temperature of spring self when higher than the martensitic transformation temperature of above-mentioned marmem along the expand elongated lengthwise of spring of spiral.

In the manner, be in the oil ring of the thin width of clothization of quilt in the above-mentioned scope and, can further improve tracing ability by the expand combined oil ring of spring of the spiral that the marmem of implementing above-mentioned processing constitutes by employing.This be because: the present invention handles the spiral spring that expands, make that the temperature of spring self surpasses martensitic transformation temperature if spiral expands, then along its elongated lengthwise, so, compare when fully having driven the startup of engine condition and motor, the pulling force that the bloated spring of spiral is shown improves, so the tracing ability of following oil ring is therewith improved.Therefore, both effect by the bloated spring of spiral that forms by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization with by marmem, can obtain having the combined oil ring of good tracing ability, and, even the high state of the oil viscosity when the startup of motor also can be realized low frictionization.

In the present invention of above-mentioned record, the axle direction width of above-mentioned oil ring is preferably in the scope of 1.0mm～3.0mm.Under the situation of the oil ring of the axle direction width in employing has above-mentioned scope, tracing ability is significantly improved by the martensitic phase transformation of the bloated spring of spiral, can obtain having the combined oil ring of better tracing ability.

And in the present invention, the spiral that preferably uses shaped wire to form the to form spring that expands by above-mentioned marmem.By with helical coil around shaped wire, in spiral expands the good scope of the manufacturing of spring, can obtain required pulling force.

And in the present invention, form above-mentioned spiral and expand the ratio of the thickness of section shape of shaped wire of spring and width preferably in 1: 1～1: 4 scope.So long as the shaped wire of the ratio of thickness in having above-mentioned scope and width, then when forming spiral around shaped wire and expand spring with helical coil, can obtain required pulling force with given pitch.

According to the 1st mode of the present invention, constituting, use section shape by employing by marmem is the bloated spring of spiral that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms, and need not the screw diameter change stool of the bloated spring of spiral can be obtained required pulling force.So, also can be corresponding even conditional dimensionally by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, can obtain having the combined oil ring that good oil is scraped drop and oily regulatory function.And, by using marmem, even the high state of oil viscosity during engine start also can be realized low frictionization.

In addition, according to the 2nd mode of the present invention, made up the combined oil ring of oil ring and the bloated spring of spiral by employing, can further improve tracing ability, wherein, this oil ring is that the axle direction width of oil ring is in the oil ring in the predetermined range, and the bloated spring of this spiral is to form and implemented processing by marmem, make spiral expand the temperature of spring self when higher than martensitic transformation temperature along its elongated lengthwise, can further improve tracing ability.This be because: the spiral of the present invention spring that expands, by carrying out above-mentioned processing, the state that has fully driven motor is compared during with the startup of motor, spiral is expanded, and pulling force that spring shows improves, so can make the tracing ability raising of following oil ring therewith.Therefore, both effect by the bloated spring of spiral that forms by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization with by marmem, can obtain having the combined oil ring of good tracing ability, and, even the high state of the oil viscosity when the startup of motor also can play the effect that realizes low frictionization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general profile chart of an example of expression combined oil ring of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the explanatory drawing of the bloated spring (coil expander) of explanation spiral of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the explanatory drawing of the bloated spring of explanation spiral of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is about forming the expand wire rod of spring of spiral, and the explanatory drawing of both differences when its section shape is made as toroidal and rectangular shape is described.

Fig. 5 is other the general profile chart of example of expression combined oil ring of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is expand result's the chart of tension variations of spring of the spiral before and after the expression investigation martensitic phase transformation.

Fig. 7 is that expression is during room temperature and the plotted curve of the traceable amount of oil ring during high temperature.

Fig. 8 is that expression is during room temperature and the plotted curve of the relation of the variable quantity of the traceable amount of the oil ring during high temperature and oil ring axle direction width.

Fig. 9 is the chart of expression for the variation of the variable weight range of the horizontal ratio of the section shape of the shaped wire of the bloated spring of spiral of embodiments of the invention.

Embodiment

Below, combined oil ring of the present invention is divided into the 1st mode and the 2nd mode is illustrated respectively.

A. the 1st mode

At first, the combined oil ring to the 1st mode of the present invention is illustrated.

The combined oil ring of the manner, the oil ring and the bloated spring of spiral that are roughly the I font by the section that connects 2 tracks by post portion constitute, this spiral spring that expands, be configured on the internal circle groove of all sides in the post portion that is formed at 2 tracks that connect above-mentioned oil ring and and push oil ring to its diametric(al) foreign side, it is characterized in that, the above-mentioned spiral spring that expands forms with marmem, and is that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms by section shape.

In the manner, form by marmem, using its section shape is that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms the bloated spring of spiral, thus, need not the screw diameter of the bloated spring of spiral is become big, just can obtain enough pulling force.Make an explanation by following reason.

Fig. 4 is the explanatory drawing of the bloated spring section of expression spiral.In order to illustrate, the left side envoy is apart from the p unanimity in the drawings, overlapping zero line and line and carry out mark.Consider manufacturing (ratio of screw diameter d7/ wire thickness 35 is the manufacturing difficulty in the zone below 2.8) and guarantee and internal diameter d17 is set by the connecting line space in week in the coil.

For the thin width of cloth ring of correspondence, need to set screw diameter d7 lessly, above-mentioned screw diameter d7 and interior d17 are restricted.For the situation of zero line, the zero linear dimension d35 that sets the situation of big pulling force must be become big, be certain situation at screw diameter d7, inner diameter d 17 must be diminished.And inner diameter d 7 becomes big under the situation of guaranteeing inner diameter d 17.Relatively therewith, owing to need not to change screw diameter d7 and inner diameter d 17, it is wide by 32 that relative wire thickness 35 can be set wire rod significantly under the situation of line, so, even identical pitch also can obtain required pulling force.

So, in the manner, owing to constitute by being made as by marmem, using section shape is the bloated spring of spiral that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms, as shown in Figure 4, and make screw diameter d17 and wire thickness 35 ratio (screw diameter/wire thickness=ratio) lower zone than 2.8～3 manufacturing relatively the difficulty, therefore, to be made as the design of identical pulling force when the identical screw diameter, relative toroidal, can set the wire thickness 35 of the bloated spring line of shaped wire less, that is, make above-mentioned ratio become big, so be favourable to manufacturing.So,, can obtain having the good combined oil ring that scrapes functional oil and oily regulatory function even the oil ring of the conditional thin width of clothization also can be corresponding dimensionally.And, owing to used marmem, even when the startup of motor the high state of oil viscosity, also can realize low frictionization.

Combined oil ring to the manner with above-mentioned advantage adds a concrete explanation by accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the general profile chart of an example of the combined oil ring of expression the manner.At first, oil ring 1 is roughly I font of section that disc 4 by column connects 2

guide rails

2,3, and forms by 2 guide rails of

balanced configuration

2,3.

This oil ring 1 has the slide part projection 5 that is formed with the slip surface 6 that slides on the inwall 21 at cylinder barrel 20 at front end.And, connect the circumferential groove 7 that tracks 2 and 3 form by disc 4, the groove of the lubricant oil that to be reception scrape by slip surface 6 from cylinder inner wall 21, and, the lubricant oil that is received in circumferential groove 7 is by being arranged on a plurality of oilholes 8 on the disc 4, to interior all side shiftings of oil ring 1.

And, in oil ring 1 with above-mentioned formation, connect by disc 4

tracks

2 and 3 and be formed in dispose the spiral spring 10 that expands on the internal circle groove 9 of all sides, this spiral spring 10 that expands pushes oil ring 1 and push down oil ring on cylinder inner wall 21 to the diametric(al) foreign side of oil ring 1.

In the manner, by adopt by marmem constitute, shape coiling section shape is that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms this spiral spring 10 that expands in the shape of a spiral, even under the spiral of the screw diameter of the degree that is provided with the internal circle groove with the oil ring that can be configured in by thin width of cloth change expands the situation of spring, owing to can obtain enough pulling force, therefore, can obtain the combined oil ring that good oil is scraped drop and oily regulatory function.

In addition, in Fig. 1, as an example of the combined oil ring of the manner, the example of 2 oil rings that constitute though expression is expanded spring 10 by oil ring 1 and spiral, but be not to be defined in 2 oil rings shown in Figure 1, the combined oil ring of the manner can be made as 3 oil rings, 4 oil rings yet.

Below, to the combined oil ring of above-mentioned the manner, bloated spring of spiral and oil ring are carried out each detailed explanation.

1. the spiral spring that expands

The spiral spring that expands, in combined oil ring, by disc connect the track of oil ring and be configured in be formed on the internal circle groove of all sides, by with oil ring to its diametric(al) foreign side pushing, can obtain being used for oil ring the function that scrapes etc. reliable functioning and be set up.

The manner has following feature, use the wire rod that constitutes by forming memory alloy to form the bloated spring of such spiral, and it is rectangular-shaped shaped wire that above-mentioned wire rod adopts its section shape.

In general, marmem is martensitic state (M phase) when room temperature, becomes austenitic state (A phase) when high temperature.Be called as contrary martensitic phase transformation from this martensitic state to the phase transformation of austenitic state, be called as martensitic phase transformation to the phase transformation of martensitic state from austenitic state.Produce the temperature of such phase transformation, be called as martensitic transformation temperature below.This martensitic transformation temperature has temperature range, and is tried to achieve by the peak value of heat absorption reaction and exothermic reaction by differential thermal analysis (DTA).

Such marmem, have: below martensitic transformation temperature, after removing the load that makes alloy deformation, by (for example in certain temperature, martensitic transformation temperature is one 10 ℃～100 ℃ in Ti-Ni system) more than heat the phenomenon of getting back to original shape, that is, has shape memory effect.For such shape memory effect, make alloy get back to the temperature of memorized shape in advance, be called as martensitic transformation temperature.

In the manner, utilize such shape memory effect, the temperature of the bloated spring self of spiral is when being higher than martensitic transformation temperature, preferably according to handle the bloated spring of spiral along the mode of its elongated lengthwise.At first, when engine start, the temperature of lubricant oil and engine temperature are in the stage of rising gradually, compare with the situation of passing through after a certain period drives fully from the startup of motor, these temperature are lower, and are in the higher state of oil body.In addition, the temperature of this moment is lower than the martensitic transformation temperature of the manner.Even the spring because common spiral expands when engine start, the pulling force of the state same degree that fully drives with motor also can occur, so when engine start, oil ring is excessively brought into play its effect and become the main cause of the startability of destroying motor.But in the manner, the engine temperature geometric ratio martensitic transformation temperature during owing to engine start is low, so the bloated spring of spiral can not brought into play enough pulling force along its elongated lengthwise.Therefore, because can be because of reducing the face voltage rise height that startability makes oil ring, so have the effect of the startability that can improve motor.

On the other hand, in the stage that motor fully drives, for the oil that obtains oil ring is scraped drop and oily regulatory function, expect higher face pressure, but along with the rising of engine temperature, the temperature of the bloated spring self of spiral is if surpass martensitic transformation temperature, then owing to spiral expands spring along its elongated lengthwise, can increase counter-force, and pulling force is increased as spring.Its result for oil ring, can obtain fully showing the face pressure of its function.For reason given above, in the manner, become when higher, preferably handle the expand temperature of spring self of spiral according to the mode of the elongated lengthwise of the spring that expands along spiral than martensitic transformation temperature in the expand temperature of spring self of spiral.

Like this, about the expand increase of pulling force of spring of the spiral behind the martensitic phase transformation, Fig. 6 represents the result that the test by reality obtains.In addition, experiment is carried out according to following: will use Ni-Ti system (50～51 atom %Ni) marmem to form the expand screw diameter of spring of spiral and be 1.1mm, the axle direction width h1 that the ratio of the thickness of the section shape of shaped wire and width is made as 1: 3 (thickness 0.3mm, width 0.9mm), oil ring (nominal diameter φ 79mm) is made as 1.5mm.

From result shown in Figure 6 as can be known: the relative pulling force that spring brings that expands of the spiral during room temperature, the pulling force that the bloated spring of spiral behind the martensitic phase transformation brings has risen about 65.3%, engine temperature rises, comparing with martensitic transformation temperature, when the temperature of the bloated spring self of spiral uprises, can obtain enough pulling force.

And, the pulling force of the bloated spring of the spiral of the manner, before martensitic phase transformation, for example, in the scope of situation as 1N～20N of the bloated spring of the spiral that below h1 size 2.0mm, uses, wherein, in the scope of preferred 1N～10N.Before martensitic phase transformation, because motor is in warm-up mode, engine temperature is in the above-mentioned gradually stage, so, so long as have the bloated spring of spiral of the pulling force of above-mentioned scope, just can improve the startability of motor.

And the pulling force behind the martensitic phase transformation is not so long as damage the degree of the function of oil ring, do not do special qualification, particularly, for example, in the scope of situation as 3N～30N of the bloated spring of the spiral that below h1 size 2.0mm, uses, wherein, in the scope of preferred 3N～20N.In general, in order to reduce frictional force, it is effectively that the face of reduction oil ring is pressed, but by the pulling force behind the martensitic phase transformation of adjusting the bloated spring of spiral in above-mentioned scope, can realize the reduction of frictional force, can improve the rate of combustion of fuel.

And, as the material of the bloated spring of the spiral that forms the manner,, then do not do special qualification as long as adopt marmem.Particularly, can enumerate Ti-Ni system, Cu-Zn-Al system, Fe-Mn-Si system etc.Wherein, in the manner, what the conduct of Ti-Ni system was desirable is that most preferably Ti-Ni is.This is because from intensity, endurance, characteristic, corrosion proof viewpoint are more satisfactory repeatedly.

When using the marmem that constitutes by Ti-Ni, as its ratio, preferred Ti-50 atom %Ni～Ti-51 atom %Ni.

And, as the martensitic transformation temperature of the situation of Ti-Ni system and Fe-Mn-Si system,, for example,, be from-10 ℃ to 100 ℃ being Ti-Ni when being preferably from-10 ℃ to 200 ℃ scope, wherein, in preferred 30 ℃ to the 100 ℃ scope.Though composition by marmem or the heat treatment when making marmem can make martensitic transformation temperature change, but by in above-mentioned scope, adjusting martensitic transformation temperature, give full play to the face of the function degree of oil ring presses under the temperature at needs, can on spiral expands spring, produce martensitic phase transformation, can obtain enough pulling force.

And the bloated spring of the spiral of the manner is characterised in that, uses its end surface shape to form as the shaped wire of rectangle.Thus,, also can demonstrate enough pulling force, can solve the expand problem of pulling force deficiency of spring of the spiral that constitutes by marmem even made spiral expand the screw diameter of spring when diminishing by the degree of the internal circle groove of the oil ring of the thin width of clothization can being arranged on.

In addition, in these said rectangular-shaped square and rectangulars etc. of being meant, and, whole as the rectangular-shaped degree that can obtain that also comprises, comprise also that from the problem of machining accuracy etc. the angle has the situation of some fillets.

Particularly, form the shaped wire of the bloated spring of spiral, the ratio of thickness of its section shape (thickness 35 of Fig. 3) and width (width 32 of Fig. 3) is in 1: 1～1: 4 scope, wherein, preferably in 1: 2～1: 3.5 scope, wherein, also preferably in 1: 2～1: 3 scope.According to above-mentioned scope, under the big situation of the ratio of width and length, pitch need be become big, under the curvature of regulation, be difficult to carry out crooked situation and not preferred owing to have.On the other hand, if diminish, when curling,, can not obtain enough pulling force sometimes and not preferred between the wire rod of adjacency because the space that forms change diminishes spring constant greatly with the pitch of regulation according to the ratio of above-mentioned scope with width.

In addition, the thickness of shaped wire, for example in the bloated spring of the spiral below h1 is of a size of 2mm, in the scope of 0.2mm～0.5mm, wherein preferred in the scope of 0.3mm～0.4mm.If according to above-mentioned scope attenuation, die down and can not obtain enough pulling force as the counter-force of spring, thus not preferred, on the other hand, and if according to above-mentioned scope thickening, spring and not preferred then because the spiral of the screw diameter that can not obtain stipulating expands.In addition, width in the scope of 0.2mm～2.0mm, wherein, preferably in the scope of 0.45mm～1.0mm.

In addition, be meant in this said pitch, with the helical wound skein product time, from the center of the wire rod of wire rod one rotation to length in abutting connection with the center of wire rod.Particularly, refer to as shown in Figure 2, from the rotation of A to B, from the interval p at center to the center of the wire rod of the position of B of the wire rod of the position of A.According to the screw diameter of the bloated spring of spiral, this pitch of decision in the scope of roughly stipulating.In addition, screw diameter at the bloated spring of this said spiral, be meant the length of outermost in the diametric length of the bloated spring of spiral, though particularly refer to d7 shown in Figure 2, but particularly as this screw diameter, being of a size of spiral below the 2mm at for example h1 and expanding in the spring, is in the scope of 0.3mm～1.8mm, wherein, in the scope of preferred 0.4mm～1.4mm.So long as the screw diameter in the above-mentioned scope, even then also can be corresponding by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization.When being located in the above-mentioned scope as the screw diameter with the bloated spring of spiral, pitch roughly is defined in: during for example the spiral below h1 is of a size of 2mm expands spring, be in the scope of 0.3mm～1.8mm, wherein, roughly be defined in the scope of 0.3mm～1.4mm.The spiral of the manner spring that expands be by with the bloated spring that forms of shape ground coiling shaped wire in the shape of a spiral of the pitch in the above-mentioned scope, but preferred pitch is uniform.In addition, the situation of the pitch of described regulation is meant situation about being in the above-mentioned scope in this manual.

In addition, the method for winding when forming spiral with helical coil around shaped wire and expand spring, preferably forming spiral the reel long side of section shape of shaped wire of the mode of Zhou Fangxiang of spring that expands.Above-mentioned method for winding makes the screw diameter of the bloated spring of spiral be minimum, and owing to the counter-force that can fully show as spring, so can obtain required pulling force.

By accompanying drawing above-mentioned method for winding is carried out specific description.General profile chart when Fig. 3 is illustrated in spiral that its length direction cuts off the manner and expands spring.As shown in Figure 3, in the section shape 31 of the shaped wire that forms the bloated spring of spiral, face 33 coilings that will have width 32 and thickness 35 form the Zhou Fangxiang shown in the arrows 34.Be in the rectangular-shaped shaped wire that forms by end surface shape, such method for winding is to make the screw diameter of the bloated spring of spiral be minimum method for winding, also can be configured even have the internal circle groove of the oil ring of the thin width of clothization of the quilt of restriction on the size, and can obtain required enough pulling force.In addition, joint close also can form by the mode of tight coiling or rolling.

2. oil ring

Then, oil ring is illustrated.In general oil ring is the lubricant oil that is used for scraping the remainder of cylinder inner wall, is fit to sample plot and suppresses the consumption of lubricant oil and be provided with.

The oil ring of the manner, so long as be connect 2 tracks by post portion section roughly the I font, connect 2 tracks and can be during being formed on the structure of the above-mentioned bloated spring of spiral of configuration in the internal circle groove of all sides, then do not do special qualification.Particularly, can enumerate the oil ring that in general combined oil ring, is used.For example, can enumerate as its whole shape: shape or the axial inboard that slide part projection 5 is arranged on oil ring 1 as Fig. 5 (B) shown in and having outside axle direction that the platform shape forms the inside part of the shape of section shape of slide part projection 5 or the stepped formation slide part projection 5 as Fig. 5 (A) shown in of being as shown in Figure 1 is generally known as the shape of takeing on 30 part etc.

Such oil ring, in the manner, the preferred oil ring that has used by thin width of cloth change.This is because good tracing ability is arranged.In addition, above-mentioned spiral expands spring can be corresponding conditional dimensionally by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, can show enough pulling force, so can bring into play the effect of the manner to greatest extent.

In addition, in this said thin width of clothization, be to instigate the attenuation of oil ring axle direction width.At this said oil ring axle direction width, be meant constitute oil ring in the lower railway, the width of the axial oil ring of oil ring above getting on the right track below lower railway particularly is meant as shown in Figure 1, from get on the right track 2 above the axial width h1 of oil ring below lower railway 3.

Particularly, as oil ring axle direction width, below 3mm, wherein, in the scope of preferred 1.0mm～2mm.If oil ring axle direction width is in the oil ring of the thin width of clothization in the above-mentioned scope, then can improve tracing ability, can realize the lightweight of piston ring and the consumption that reduces lubricant oil.This is that so reduce uncomfortable like this influence, its result can make tracing ability improve owing to by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, when for example producing etc., can dwindle the distance of leaving from cylinder inner wall on the oil ring that makes the piston high speed rotating.

In the manner, as the material that forms oil ring, be to have the toughness of appropriateness and can not produce the material of distortion because of the pulling force of the bloated spring of spiral, particularly,, then be not particularly limited so long as be used to the steel of oil ring in the past.Wherein, can suitably use Martensitic Stain Less Steel (SUS440, SUS410 material), 10Cr, 8Cr, alloy tool steel (SKD material), SKD61, SWOSC-V, suitable SWRH material etc.

3. combined oil ring

The feature of the combined oil ring of the manner is: the above-mentioned spiral of the configuration spring that expands in the internal circle groove of all sides in being formed at the post portion of above-mentioned oil ring, and use marmem and form the above-mentioned spiral spring that expands, be that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms by its section shape.

In such the manner, constitute and section shape is spiral that rectangular-shaped shaped wire the forms spring that expands by adopting by marmem, need not the expand screw diameter of spring of spiral is become stool and can obtain required pulling force.So, even, can obtain having the combined oil ring that good oil is scraped drop and oily regulatory function because the conditional dimensionally oil ring that is approached the width of clothization also can be corresponding.And, by using marmem, even the high state of oil viscosity during engine start also can be realized low frictionization.

As long as the pulling force of combined oil ring of the present invention like this can press against on the cylinder inner wall well and then not be particularly limited, particularly, remove the comparatively ideal of pulling force ratio below 0.5N/mm of the pulling force of combined oil ring with cylinder diameter, wherein, preferably below 0.2N/mm.Have the combined oil ring of the pulling force in the above-mentioned scope, be generally known as the low-tension combined oil ring, frictional force is reduced by such low-tension combined oil ring.

B. the 2nd mode

Then, the combined oil ring to the 2nd mode of the present invention is illustrated.

The combined oil ring that the manner provides, be the combined oil ring with following characteristics: roughly the oil ring and the bloated spring of spiral of I font constitute by the section that connects 2 tracks by post portion, this spiral spring that expands, be configured on the internal circle groove of all sides in the post portion that is formed at 2 tracks that connect above-mentioned oil ring, and to its diametric(al) foreign side pushing oil ring, wherein, the axle direction width of above-mentioned oil ring is in the scope of 0.3mm～3mm, the above-mentioned spiral spring that expands, constitute by marmem, with the temperature of spring self martensitic transformation temperature height than above-mentioned marmem if spiral expands, then handle according to the mode of the elongated lengthwise of the spring that expands along spiral.

In the manner, be in oil ring in the above-mentioned scope, that approached the width of clothization and, can improve tracing ability better by the expand combined oil ring of spring of the spiral that the marmem of implementing above-mentioned processing constitutes by employing.This be because: the spiral of the manner spring that expands is handled, can be when making its temperature surpass martensitic transformation temperature along its elongated lengthwise at self, therefore, compare when fully having driven the startup of engine condition and motor, can make the bloated spring of spiral demonstrate pulling force and raise, so can improve the tracing ability of following oil ring therewith.Therefore, by both effect of the bloated spring of spiral that forms by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization with by marmem, can obtain having the combined oil ring of good tracing ability, in addition, even the high state of oil viscosity when the startup of motor also can be realized low frictionization.

Below, the combined oil ring to the manner with such advantage is illustrated by accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the general profile chart of an example of the combined oil ring of diagram the manner.Because the structure of the summary of the combined oil ring of the manner is identical with above-mentioned the 1st mode, omits its explanation at this.

The oil ring of the manner is formed oil ring axle direction width h1 is located in the above-mentioned scope.And, in the manner, form this spiral spring 10 that expands by marmem, and handle, make spiral expand the temperature of spring self when higher than martensitic transformation temperature along the expand elongated lengthwise of spring of spiral.Thus, behind martensitic phase transformation, owing to, can improve the tracing ability of oil ring along with the pulling force of the bloated spring of spiral increases.Therefore, by the effect of the bloated spring of spiral that forms by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization with by marmem, can obtain having the combined oil ring of good tracing ability.

In addition, in Fig. 1, as an example of the combined oil ring of the manner, though represented oil ring 1 and by the expand example of 2 oil rings that spring 10 constitutes of spiral, but with the combined oil ring of the manner is not to be defined in 2 oil rings shown in Figure 1, can be made as 3 oil rings, 4 oil rings yet.

Below, to the combined oil ring of above-mentioned the manner, oil ring and the bloated spring of spiral are carried out each detailed explanation.

1. oil ring

At first, oil ring is illustrated.In general, oil ring is used to scrape the consumption of the unnecessary lubricant oil of cylinder inner wall, suitable sample plot inhibition lubricant oil and is provided with.

In the manner, such oil ring be connect 2 tracks by post portion section roughly the I font, in being formed at the post portion that connects 2 tracks, can dispose the following spiral spring that expands in the internal circle groove of all sides, and, be formed its axle direction width and be in the scope of regulation.

In addition, at this said oil ring axle direction width, be meant constitute oil ring in the lower railway, the width of the axial oil ring of oil ring above getting on the right track to lower railway, particularly, be meant as shown in Figure 1, from get on the right track 2 above the axial width h1 of oil ring below lower railway 3.

Such oil ring axle direction width is in the scope of 0.3mm～3mm, wherein, and preferably in the scope of 1.0mm～3.0mm.Further preferred in the scope of 1.0mm～2.0mm.Oil ring axle direction width is in the interior oil ring of above-mentioned scope as by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, has the effect that has improved tracing ability.Therefore, the function of oil ring can be improved, the consumption of lubricant oil can be reduced.And, the light-weighted effect of piston ring is also arranged.

About approaching the reason that the width of clothization can improve the effect of tracing ability, use the formula of expression tracing ability to be illustrated below by axle direction width to such oil ring.

Can obtain the Pk (tracing ability coefficient) of the degree of expression tracing ability by following formula.

In addition, the Pk value is meant that the big more tracing ability of this value increases, more little tracing ability reduces.

Pk＝3×Ft×d12(E×h1×a13×K)

Each textual representation of above-mentioned formula be: Pk-tracing ability coefficient, Ft-pulling force, d1-cylinder diameter, E-young modulus, h1-oil ring axle direction width, a1-oil ring diametric(al) width, K-form factor.

In addition, be meant the diameter of the cylinder that oil ring slides at this said cylinder diameter.And so-called oil ring diametric(al) width is meant the diametric thickness of oil ring, tries to achieve with the difference of the outermost diameter of oil ring and the most inboard diameter.Particularly, be meant a1 shown in Figure 1.

At this, d1, E and K are made as constant, (E * K), then above-mentioned formula is convertible into if make α=3d12/ in advance

Pk＝Ft/(h1×a13)×α。

From above-mentioned formula as can be known: big if Ft becomes, then the Pk value also becomes greatly, and perhaps, if h1 or a1 diminish, then the Pk value becomes big.

And a1 and h1 generally are in the roughly relation of direct ratio, if the numerical value of regulation is made as s, then can convert a1=h1 * s to.Thus, above-mentioned formula can be changed into

Pk＝Ft/(h14×s3)×α

The h1 size, that is, 4 powers of oil ring axle direction width and tracing ability coefficient are the inversely proportional relations.Data during room temperature by Fig. 7 during for h1=3, when h1=1.5 and then during h1=1.0, improve tracing ability to cylinder barrel by approaching the width of clothization.

According to foregoing, the variation of oil ring axle direction width has considerable influence to tracing ability by the above formula, so the thin width of clothization of oil ring axle direction width is resultful to the raising of tracing ability.

In addition, in the combined oil ring of the manner, test the result of (after the phase transformation) when Fig. 7 represents high temperature about following with what kind of degree for the amount of deformation oil ring of cylinder barrel.The axle direction width h1 of oil ring is made as 3.0mm, 2.0mm, 1.5mm, 1.0mm and tests.When temperature conditions is made as room temperature and during high temperature, when high temperature, the spiral of the manner spring that expands is created in the martensitic phase transformation of its elongated lengthwise.

By result shown in Figure 7 as can be known, along with oil ring axle direction width h1 attenuation, the followed quantitative change of oil ring is big.And, in the manner, the bloated spring of following spiral uses marmem and forms, and implemented processing, make spiral expand the temperature of spring self when surpassing the martensitic transformation temperature of marmem along its elongated lengthwise, when high temperature, the effect by this shape memory effect has improved tracing ability.Especially, gain enlightenment by following: be of a size of at h1 under the situation of 3mm, when room temperature, at this is can the amount of following below motor amount of deformation, when high temperature, be can the amount of following more than the motor amount of deformation at this, thus, both effect by the spring that expanded by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization and the spiral of having implemented above-mentioned processing can obtain sufficient tracing ability.

In addition, Fig. 8 is based on the result of followed amount of oil ring of Fig. 7 and the plotted curve of its variable quantity when representing room temperature along each oil ring axle direction width and during high temperature.By result shown in Figure 8 as can be known: oil ring axle direction width by tilting to take place bigger variation, becomes 2.0mm when following at oil ring axle direction width from about the 2.0mm, and after spiral expanded the martensitic phase transformation of spring, tracing ability significantly improved.

Then, the axial slip face width of oil ring is illustrated.In this said slip face width, be meant as shown in Figure 1 the width x of direction slip surface 6, parallel with axle direction that expression and cylinder inner wall 21 contact, and the numerical value that two sides' of 2 tracks width is added up.Such slip face width in the scope of 0.1mm～1mm, wherein, preferably in the scope of 0.1mm～0.5mm.As mentioned above, in by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization, corresponding fully if the slip face width in above-mentioned scope, then can be carried out.

And, as the shape of the integral body of the oil ring of the manner, be the section I font roughly that connects 2 tracks by post portion, as long as just can be on the internal circle groove that is formed at the interior all sides that connect 2 tracks the above-mentioned spiral of the configuration spring that expands be not particularly limited.For example, can enumerate: be the shape that the platform shape forms the section shape of slide part projection 5 as shown in Figure 1, the shape of the inside part of stepped formation slide part projection 5 shown in Fig. 5 (A) is arranged on slide part projection 5 the axial inboard of oil ring 1 and the shape etc. of the part that is generally known as shoulder 30 is arranged in the axle direction outside shown in Fig. 5 (B).

In the manner, as the material that forms oil ring, since identical with the 1st mode, so omit explanation.

2. the spiral spring that expands

Then, the bloated spring of spiral to the manner is illustrated.

In combined oil ring, the configuration spiral spring that expands on the internal circle groove of all sides in the track that connects oil ring by disc is formed on, and by along its diametric(al) foreign side pushing oil ring, the oil that can obtain reliable oil ring are scraped drop etc. and the bloated spring of configuration spiral.

The wireform that use is made of marmem becomes such spiral of the manner spring that expands, and handles, and makes to expand self temperature of spring when higher than the martensitic transformation temperature of shape and alloy at spiral, along its elongated lengthwise.

In the manner, utilize such shape memory effect, for example, from engine start the time, extremely fully drive the state of motor through warm-up mode, the martensitic transformation temperature height of the temperature geometric ratio the manner of motor, the bloated spring of spiral produces martensitic phase transformation thus, relatively, can increase its pulling force during with engine start.Follow the face of oil ring therewith to press also rising, thus, behind the martensitic phase transformation of the bloated spring of spiral, can further improve tracing ability.So, can realize sufficient tracing ability by expand both effect of spring of above-mentioned oil ring and such spiral, can obtain having the combined oil ring of the function of good oil ring.

And, by using marmem, in the raising of the startability of motor, also produce effect.It is the reasons are as follows.

At first, when engine start, the temperature of lubricant oil and engine temperature are in the stage of rising gradually, compare with the situation of passing through after certain hour drives fully from the startup of motor, and these temperature are lower, and are in the higher state of oil body.In addition, Ci Shi temperature is lower than the martensitic transformation temperature of the manner.The common spiral spring that expands, even when engine start, by showing and the pulling force of the state same degree that motor fully drives, when engine start, oil ring is excessively brought into play its effect and is become the main cause of the startability of destruction motor.But in the manner, the engine temperature geometric ratio martensitic transformation temperature during owing to engine start is low, so the bloated spring of spiral can not brought into play enough pulling force along its elongated lengthwise.So, can when the startup of motor, not have the effect that can obtain low-frictional force because of reducing the face voltage rise height that startability makes oil ring.The material of the pulling force of the bloated spring of the spiral of the manner, the pulling force behind the martensitic phase transformation and then the bloated spring of formation spiral is identical with " the 1. bloated spring of spiral " of the 1st mode, so omit explanation.

The preferred profile shape is used shaped wire and is formed the bloated spring of spiral.Thus, even, also can show enough pulling force spiral being expanded when the screw diameter of spring diminishes to be arranged on.About its reason, as " A. the 1st mode " based on shown in Figure 4.

In addition, be meant that at this said shaped wire the section shape of wire rod does not comprise the situation of toroidal.And, if do not make wholely, then also comprise the situation that the angle has some fillets from the problem of machining accuracy etc. for circular.Particularly as shaped wire, its section shape can be enumerated rectangular-shaped wire rods such as square or rectangular.

Expand in the shaped wire of spring forming spiral, identical about ratio, the thickness of shaped wire, pitch, the method for winding of the thickness of its section shape and width with the 1st mode, so in this description will be omitted.

3. combined oil ring

The feature of the combined oil ring of the manner is: the bloated spring of the above-mentioned spiral of configuration on the internal circle groove of all sides in being formed on the post portion of above-mentioned oil ring, oil ring axle direction width is in the scope of 0.3mm～3mm, form the bloated spring of above-mentioned spiral by marmem, and handle, make and expand self temperature of spring when higher, along the expand elongated lengthwise of spring of spiral than the martensitic transformation temperature of marmem at spiral.

In such the manner, be in the oil ring of the thin width of clothization of quilt in the above-mentioned scope and, can improve tracing ability by the bloated spring of spiral that the marmem of having implemented above-mentioned processing constitutes by employing.This be because: the spiral of the manner spring that expands, by handling, make when the temperature of himself surpasses martensitic transformation temperature along its elongated lengthwise, therefore, fully driven engine condition, compare during with the startup of motor, spiral is expanded, and pulling force that spring shows improves, so the tracing ability of oil ring is therewith improved.Therefore, by both effect of the bloated spring of spiral that forms by the oil ring of the thin width of clothization with by marmem, can obtain having the combined oil ring of good tracing ability.

The pulling force of the combined oil ring of such the manner is as described in the 1st mode oil ring.

In addition, the present invention and non-limiting and above-mentioned mode of execution.Above-mentioned mode of execution is an example, and has and in the identical construction of the thought reality of the technology of the scope of technological scheme of the present invention record, and plays same action effect, no matter is that what kind of structure is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

(embodiment)

Then, also the present invention will be further described in detail for expression embodiment.It is alloy (50～51 atom % alloy) that marmem uses Ti-Ni.

The expand variation of variable weight range of ratio (horizontal ratio) of the thickness of section shape of shaped wire of spring and width is studied for spiral.Fig. 9 represents the result that the experiment by reality obtains.In addition, in the scope of 1.1mm～1.5mm, change spiral expand spring screw diameter (the d7 size of Fig. 2), in the scope of 0.7mm～1.4mm, change pitch (p of Fig. 2), in the scope of 0.3mm～0.4mm, change thickness in the section shape of shaped wire (Fig. 3 35), varying width (Fig. 3 32) and experimentizing in the scope of 0.45mm～1.00mm.Camber of spring is to set the thickness (Fig. 3 35) of the section shape of shaped wire and spiral the expand screw diameter (d7 of Fig. 2) of spring and contour projector (the spring free state that expands-be arranged on the state on the ring) by ring size and pulling force.Camber of spring, nominal diameter (outside dimension), oil ring axle direction width (h1 of Fig. 1) and the variable weight range of the bloated spring of the sample of the various horizontal ratio of table 1 expression use this moment.And obtain according to following formula and to make separately sample carry out the pulling force that obtains behind the martensitic phase transformation.

(variable backward pull-variable forward pull)/variable forward pull * 100=variable tension scope (%)

Root is crossed above result, and the size ratio by spring that spiral is expanded is located in 1: 1～1: 3.5 the scope, can obtain becoming weight range and obtain numerical value more than 20%.Especially by ratio being made as 1: 2～1: 3.5, can obtain about variable weight range more than 60%.That is to say that if (high rotary area) is made as the pulling force that can satisfy oil consumption in advance during high temperature behind martensitic phase transformation the pulling force in the time of then can be with normal temperature is set at the cause of about 40% (100/1.6=0.625) than the lowland, can realize the reduction of frictional force.

Table 1

The size ratio			Camber of spring	Nominal diameter (mm)	H1 size (mm)	Variable weight range (%)
The size ratio							Thick	:	Wide
1	:	1.00					Thick	:	Wide	0.257％	79.0	1.5	24.5
1	:	1.00	1	:	1.50	0.279％	79.0	1.5	40.5	0.257％	79.0	1.5	24.5
1	:	1.50	1	:	1.50	0.279％	79.0	1.5	40.5	0.477％	79.0	1.5	48.0
1	:	1.50	1	:	2.00	0.696％	71.0	2.0	65.0	0.477％	79.0	1.5	48.0
1	:	2.17	1	:	2.00	0.696％	71.0	2.0	65.0	0.611％	79.0	1.5	63.2
1	:	2.17	1	:	2.29	0.607％	94.0	1.5	64.3	0.611％	79.0	1.5	63.2
1	:	2.83	1	:	2.29	0.607％	94.0	1.5	64.3	0.538％	71.0	1.5	57.8
1	:	2.83	1	:	2.83	0.736％	79.0	1.5	67.7	0.538％	71.0	1.5	57.8
1	:	2.86	1	:	2.83	0.736％	79.0	1.5	67.7	0.591％	94.0	1.5	64.9
1	:	2.86	1	:	3.00	0.616％	79.0	1.5	65.3	0.591％	94.0	1.5	64.9
1	:	3.50	1	:	3.00	0.616％	79.0	1.5	65.3	0.560％	79.0	1.5	67.5

Claims

1. combined oil ring comprises:

Oil ring, it forms section by post portion 2 tracks of connection and roughly is the I font;

The spiral spring that expands, it is configured on the internal circle groove of all sides in the post portion that is formed at 2 tracks that connect described oil ring, and pushes oil ring to its diametric(al) foreign side, it is characterized in that:

The described spiral spring that expands is formed by marmem, and is that rectangular-shaped shaped wire forms by section shape.

2. combined oil ring according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

The spiral that formed by the described marmem spring that expands is handled, made and expand the temperature of spring self when higher, along its elongated lengthwise than the martensitic transformation temperature of described marmem at described spiral.

3. according to claim 1 or the described combined oil ring of claim 2, it is characterized in that,

Form described spiral and expand the ratio of the thickness of section shape of shaped wire of spring and width in 1: 1～1: 4 scope.

4. combined oil ring comprises:

The axle direction width of described oil ring is in the scope of 0.3mm～3mm, the described spiral spring that expands, constitute by marmem, and be treated to spiral expand the temperature of spring self when higher than the martensitic transformation temperature of described marmem along the expand elongated lengthwise of spring of spiral.

5. combined oil ring according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the axle direction width of described oil ring is in the scope of 1.0mm～3.0mm.

6. according to claim 4 or 5 described combined oil rings, it is characterized in that the spiral that is formed by the described marmem spring that expands uses shaped wire and forms.

7. combined oil ring according to claim 6 is characterized in that, forms described spiral and expands the ratio of the thickness of section shape of shaped wire of spring and width in 1: 1～1: 4 scope.